An analysis of the literaryrealism in Hamlin Garland's short story 'Under the Lion's Paw" from his book, "Main Travelled Roads" and Theodore Dreiser's work, "Sister Carrie".
Abstract The paper examines Chapter XLV of Theodore Dreiser's "Sister Carrie" and describes the literaryrealism that depicts how the character of Hurstwood must survive the grim reality of poverty in the city. The paper also looks at Hamlin Garland's short story "Under The Lion's Paw" from his work "Main Travelled Roads", which uses literaryrealism to reveal the grim reality of farm life.
From the Paper "The first reason why literary realism exists in the work of garland's "Under the Lion's Paw" is the way that he defines the life of farmer's, and the often brutal conditions that they must work within as poor workers of the land. The reality of the farmer's life is apparent in Mrs. Council's narrative:
""Yes, I do my own work," Mrs. Council was heard to say in the pause which followed. "I'm getting purty heavy t' be on m'laigs all day, but we can't afford t'hire (Garland, p.491)."
Abstract The paper defines the short story, "A Jury of her Peers" as a work of realism and naturalism. The paper defines and explains the two genres, including the theme of the story and the determinist philosophy.
From the Paper ""In A Jury of Her Peers" Susan Glaspell describes ordinary people living ordinary lives. This is a major tenet of the realistic movement in literature and will serve as a basis for defining "A Jury of Her Peers" as a work of realism. That said, the argument can certainly be made-and it will-that the story is a work of a particular genre of realism known as naturalism."
Tags: a jury of her peers, susan glaspell, realism, naturalism
Abstract This paper discusses how and why Mark Twain's short story "Jumping Frog" can be said to be an example of both realism and naturalism. The paper cites examples from the text and discusses the ideas of other critics about these two literary genres.
From the Paper "Literary Genre Study Proposal. While doing preliminary research for my paper, the statement in the instructions that kept coming into my mind was "Do not worry if the fit isn't exact" for genres are not pigeon holes into which authors force their imaginative creations. I intended to write on "The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" because I like Twain and the story is fun and easy to understand."
Tags: naturalism, realism, Twain, Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, literary analysis
Abstract This paper analyzes three literary movements that emerged in the U.S. during the latter part of the 19th century: naturalism, realism, and local color/regionalism. It cites the work of several authors as examples of the literary movements.
From the Paper "The latter half of the the century was a time of enormous change in American society. Such changes include the rebuilding of the South after the Civil War, the adjustment to the end of slavery, the increasing growth of urbanism .."
Abstract This paper explores Realism in terms of both its classic assumptions and its contemporary revisions in the context of other theories of international relations and in particular that of Liberalism. It is argued that while there are challenges to Realism as the dominant theory of international relations, the flaws in Realism revealed by some of these challenges do not require the overall rejection of Realism and its assumptions. Rather, as is shown in this paper, no single theory can explain every situation in the international political environment.
From the Paper "The development and analysis of theories of international relations are necessarily complicated by the social and political context in which they are developed. Although international political theory is, of course, an intellectually autonomous field of study, historically the discussion of international relations "theories are largely shaped by what happens in the sphere of practical world politics" (Haque 135). For example, while the dominant theory of international relations during the Cold War - Realism - fell into abeyance in the 1990s with the end of the Cold War, after the events of September 11, 2001 variations on Realism reasserted their predominance in the field of international political theory."
Abstract This paper examines a host of issues in order to identify the main lines of argument that writers utilize in the criticism of realism, but the core issue of the ongoing debate between realism and its critics is the foundational realist assessment that the primary task of international relations is to secure relative peace and stability. For forty years, this basic realist position has influenced every aspect of the debate between advocates of realism and their critics, for it has generated justifications and objections to nearly every aspect of realism derived from it.
Abstract This paper explains that Larry Lauden in his article 'A Confutation of Convergent Realism' formulates an argument against scientific realism from the perspective of pessimistic induction. The author points out that Lauden rightly states that other philosophers' suggestions that epistemological realism is an empirical hypothesis, which is authenticated by its ability to explain the workings of science, is becoming a significant problem. The paper presents Lauden's methods of attack from which he tackles this assumption of reference and demonstrates how the historical, empirical evidence simply does not exist to support the realist claims. The author concludes that Lauden's debunking of scientific realism via their epistemological dependence on reference and retention is a useful and effective method of philosophical analysis.
From the Paper "Scientific realism is, most basically, the idea that "[m]ature scientific theories are (approximately true." Lauden delves into the meat of this basic statement by dissecting realism into bite-sized chunks that can be more easily analyzed and (in this case) refuted. While Lauden does debunk various aspects of scientific realism, one aspect of it with which he is particularly concerned is the matter of reference. Lauden lists five characteristics of convergent epistemological realism, which he has aggregated from the available resources on scientific realism."
Abstract Realism is an approach to the study and practice of international politics. It emphasizes the role of the nation-state and makes a broad assumption that all nation-states are motivated by national interests, or, at best, national interests disguised as moral concerns. This paper discusses Realism and the intricacies involved in this detailed topic. Theory development is also addressed as well as the critical limitations of Realism.
Abstract The paper examines the presence of realism in fiction and uses Russell Banks' novel "Sweet Hereafter" as an example. The paper defines realism in literature and includes the development of characters.
From the Paper "Realism in fiction presents the reader with the unreality of fiction wrapped in an illusion of reality. Characters, plots and settings are plausible, suggesting that they could actually exist in real life. In most cases, realist authors have derived their stories from actual experiences and issues, so the ring of truth permeates them. Realism enables the reader to engage fully in the story because he perceives it as true."
Tags:Realism, fiction, Russell Banks, Sweet Hereafter, grief, loss
Abstract Seven page look at two American plays: Tennessee Williams' "Suddenly Last Summer" and Eugene O'Neill's "Desire Under Elms" examples of Realism in Drama.
Abstract This paper explores Theodore Fontane's famous work of German literature and examines the ways in which Effi's fate is anticipated in the descriptions of the natural landscape. The paper also demonstrates the ways in which these descriptions reinforce a nontraditional realism. It describes aspects of the text that make it fundamentally realist, focusing, in particular, on several scenes from the novel, such as the scene describing the "Slough", and some of the scenes describing the vacation taken after Instetten is promoted.
From the Paper "Theodor Fontane's Effi Briest is an example of realism from a time when the genre was falling out of favor. This accounts for some of the elements in the text that are inconsistent with the genre, such as the subtle foreshadowing of events. Key to this foreshadowing are the landscape descriptions, which both anticipate the events of the novel and reflect the characters? psyches. This represents a break from traditional realism."
Abstract This paper discusses the controversial issue of poverty, poverty in the USA, what poverty in a developing country such as Ethiopia is, what the solutions appear to be for ending poverty, and who is ultimately responsible for poverty. The paper concludes that poverty is something best resolved through education and informational exchange across countries and that the blame for poverty should not be affixed to those who are poor, but to those in government whose poor decision-making have exacerbated poverty in some communities.
Abstract This paper examines a number of issues involving the poverty of children in the UK. First, the author examines statistics of poverty and its immediate consequences. Then the paper points out possible long-term consequences of children raised in poverty, such as health and education. Also considered are the causes of poverty. A study of the city of Derry and its children living in poverty is a focal point of the paper. The paper concludes citing the growing gap between those with viable incomes and those living in dire circumstances.
From the Paper "According to the Government, joblessness is the primary cause of poverty, thus helping people into the employment arena is central to its anti-poverty strategy (Tackling). Rather than targeting unemployment, the Government has targeted "joblessness,' with policies designed "not to create shops, but to influence who gets them and how well off people will be in work" (Tackling). The two key themes in the Government's active labor market policy are individualization of support to help people into work and the use of compulsion (Tackling). However, the Government has "introduced the toughest benefit penalties ever faced by unemployed people, and the extension of compulsion could distort an undermine the effectiveness of employment services" (Tackling). "
Abstract This paper addresses poverty, both in the US and abroad. It presents statistics on poverty in the First and Third Worlds, as well as using portrayals of poverty in contemporary fiction and nonfiction: "Jihad vs. McWorld", "The Handmaid's Tale", and "The Bone People."
Tags: SOCIOLOGY / SOCIAL PROBLEMS, poverty in local
Discussion of factors that contribute to the high child poverty percentage among single mother homes, families whose parents' employment is non-standardized, immigrants, visible minorities, Aboriginals and children with disabilities.
Abstract This paper examines the grave issue concerning child poverty that exists in Canada, as 15.6% of Canadian children are currently living below the poverty line. Within the paper, certain social groups are examined that have a high representation of child poverty. Among these are single mother homes, families whose parents' employment is non-standardized, immigrants, visible minorities, Aboriginals, and children with disabilities. For each of these social groups, there is an explanation of the factors that led the particular group to have a high child poverty percentage.
From the Paper "1,065,000 children, or nearly one in six of Canada's children remain in poverty. Following five straight years of decline, in 2002, there was a jump in the child poverty rate, recorded as 15.6% (StatsCan). Although the constant decline in the previous years was seen as a positive step and possibly a continuing trend, this notion was quickly discarded once the level jumped in the opposite direction than anticipated. In order to properly understand the issue concerning child poverty, one must examine what social groups are mostly affected by poverty and the reasons and factors that influence a household income level, which determines who lives under the poverty line. Exposing itself to one third of children in Canada for at least one year, child poverty is a grave and serious issue within our nation. Although it is not especially restricted to, child poverty is largely represented among certain social groups, such as those raised by a female sole parent or parents whose employment is non-standardized, immigrants, visible minorities, Aboriginals, and children with disability."
Tags: aboriginals, child, children, classes, disabilities, families, groups, immigrants, kids, minorities, mothers, non, poverty, single, social, societal, standardized, visible, welfare, work
