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Zoos and Animal Activists, 2005.
A discussion about how the concepts of zoos have changed over the decades, possibly due to pressure from animal activists.
2,101 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
While some may view the beliefs of animal activists as extreme, it does seem possible that as a result of pressure from such groups, zoos have become more sensitive to the true needs of the animals they hold and protect. This paper explains that, while critics maintain that zoos cannot teach anything useful or accurate about wild animals, others argue that, for the great majority of people, they will come across wild animals only in zoos or in books. It discusses how those who support zoos believe that by seeing these animals upfront people become more aware of the need to preserve the animals' natural habitats, to end poaching, and to take the other measures that will ensure the animals' long-term survival in the wild.
From the Paper
"Zoos have come a long way in the last 150 years, moving from small, cramped cages to natural habitats. Zoos make sure that social animals live in groups, and they try to make the habitats as natural and comfortable for the animals as possible. However, animal activists argue persuasively that these settings are artificial and that visitors don't actually learn a lot about the animals in their natural environment from seeing them in a zoo (Staff writers, 1997)."
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Zoo Animal, 2005.
This paper discusses the death of a beloved elephant in a zoo.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper explains, bases on a news article, that the death of a beloved elephant was cause by unnecessarily exposure to cold temperatures in a zoo environment. The author points out a letter to the editor regarding the general treatment of zoo animals, who are often exposed to harsh environmental conditions. The paper suggests that elephants residing in cold climates, such as Chicago and other cities, should be moved to sanctuaries in warmer environments rather than zoos in order to provide these beloved animals with the freedom to roam and to exist in a more acceptable habitat."
From the Paper
"An article written by Kaufman describes the recent death of a beloved elephant that resided in Chicago at the Lincoln Park Zoo. Although it was determined that the elephant named Peaches died of natural causes due to its elderly age, many animal activists have argued that allowing these elephants to remain in cold climates during the winter months is particularly harmful for these animals, who are not accustomed to the cold temperatures and precipitation that are found in zoos in the North (Kaufman A03). Therefore, it has been strongly suggested that elephants residing in cold climates such as Chicago and other cities should be moved to sanctuaries in warmer environments rather than zoos in order to provide these beloved animals with the freedom to roam and to exist in a more acceptable habitat (Kaufman A03)."
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Animal Rights/Animal Liberation, 1999.
Defends the ethical basis for the animal rights movement in their fight against the use of animals in research, based on ecocentric philosophy.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 16 sources, $ 95.95
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Abstract
Serious questions have been raised about the ethical justification of the use of animals in research designed to benefit human beings. Moral condemnation for the use of animals to benefit humans, however, is not the principal point of such questions. The issue of the use of animals in research is an integral part of the framework of animal rights/animal liberation within the larger structure of environmental ethics. This research defends the ethical framework of animal rights/ animal liberation. The primary focus in this defense is on the use of animals in research designed to benefit human beings
From the Paper
"ANIMAL RIGHTS/ANIMAL LIBERATION: AN ETHICAL DEFENSE
Introduction
Serious questions have been raised about the ethical justification of the use of animals in research designed to benefit human beings. Moral condemnation for the use of animals to benefit humans, however, is not the principal point of such questions. The issue of the use of animals in research is an integral part of the framework of animal rights/animal liberation within the larger structure of environmental ethics. This research defends the ethical framework of animal rights/ animal liberation. The primary focus in this defense is on the use of animals in research designed to benefit human beings.
The Ethical Basis of Animal Rights/Animal Liberation ..."
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Environmentalism vs. Animal Rights, 2007.
A discussion of the environmental movement and its issues with animal rights activists.
1,223 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the similarities of outlook and points of departure between environmentalists and animal rights activists. This includes a literature review which evaluates the background for the differing perspectives of these groups. The author points out similarities between environmentalists and animal rights activists, but concludes that these groups still have distinct opinions. The paper concludes by stating the two groups should be aware that they are fighting the same battle.
From the Paper
" The facts of the matter are this: there are some people who believe that environmental ethics and animal rights are two different and disjointed genres, there are still who believe that animal rights and the conservative or backward morals/principles have more in common then environmental ethics and animal right, it is also true, perhaps based on the most sound facts, that both the advocates of environmental health and animals rights have the exact identical foe, for example, an environmentalist and animal rights activist would both equally care about the hazardous effects of cutting down rainforests to evenly space the luxurious demand of lifestyles of the ever growing population, they would equally be concerned about the poisonous waste dumps in the oceans and rivers that has been one of the causes of the endangerment of whales, etc. In fact, when looking at the records of the environmental fights and debates that have been fought in the past, it is no surprise to see the aspect of animal suffering and extinction being given its due attention. It is also interesting to note that fights fought by the environmentalist and animal rights activist before the World War II took place were all based on the selfish and ruthless destruction of one of the nature's most bounty resources and the extinction of the other in order to better insure the development of weapons or forces equipments, and treating both the natural resources and animals (humans and non-humans) as expendable and insignificant goods. Both groups refused to believe in the utmost faith given to science as the solution to all the problems and it is no surprise that both these revolutions began with very little space between each other. There are people now who support both the groups; environmentalist and animal rights, and feel that there is no distinction or apprehension between the two concepts, and feel that both are concerned about the greater good of the same thing: nature (Jamieson, 1997). "
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Animal Products, 2002.
An essay on the lack of impact of animal rights activists on producers of animal products and consumers.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This essay enumerates and defends the lack of impact by animal rights activists on producers and consumers of animal products, despite common arguments and convincing tactics.
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Animal Rights, 1999.
This is an argument against supporting PETA and animal rights activists.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper is an argument against PETA's policies regarding the protection of animals at all cost. The author argues that PETA and animal rights activists' policies have led to inequality in the world, and that the poorer nations are suffering as a result of these policies. The author also argues, that there is an order to the world, and that animals and humans each play a specific role in this world order.
From the paper:
"However it?s not acceptable at all for undeveloped or poor countries not having any of those advanced technologies. For instance, because of a lack of crops and vegetables, which results from not having advanced agricultural technology, people in poor and undeveloped countries need to get animals and eat their meat to survive. Besides, far from use and need, animals are like enemies to some tribal people. They have to fight with enemies, and they sometimes have to kill enemies in some cases. The policy of ?animal rights? is valid only for developed countries, and it indicates that such animal rights organizations like PETA mostly consist of people from advanced countries with great consideration for animals and no consideration for the needy elsewhere in the world."
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The Use of Animals in George Orwell's "Animal Farm", 2001.
This paper looks at George Orwell's novel, "Animal Farm."
1,105 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth examination of George Orwell's use of animal characters in his novel, "Animal Farm." The use of animals as metaphor is also detailed. The author looks at the political environment at the time the book was written and at the message the author was trying to convey to his readers.
From the Paper
"Animals are not simply seen as innocent. Common stereotypes about animals tie into their roles in the story nicely. For example, in many countries pigs are often seen as lazy and greedy animals that like to hog resources. Fittingly, in the novel we are told that first the milk and apples, prized delicacies among the animals, were taken by the pigs, with the false explanation that ?milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig? (27). Later, the pigs award themselves the privilege of waking up an hour after all the other animals and sleeping in ?very comfortable beds?, and they again spread propaganda and create false reasons for their actions (50)."
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Zoos, 2002.
A paper discussing the role of zoos in the preservation of endangered animals.
1,353 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
An argumentative paper promoting the idea of zoos as an important place for the preservation of endangered species, as well as a place of education and entertainment. It also examines arguments against the traditional purpose of a zoo from anti-animal cruelty activists.
From the Paper
"If the world was ideal, all wildlife would roam freely and safely in their natural habitats. Unfortunately, however, the world is a place of commercialization and ignorance. Many species through the years have been hunted and poached to near extinction, and zoos have become a place of refuge and regeneration. Zoos today include natural wildlife parks and wildlife conservation parks. These parks ?encourage animals to behave more like they do in the wild by creating conditions as close as possible to the natural habitat? (Biology pg). Moreover, zoos and wildlife parks provide healthier diets with foods similar to what is found in the wild. Conditions are often designed to enable animals to live with others of their species. Furthermore, many zoos and parks provide a refuge for ill and injured animals that can be returned to the wild, by creating a secluded area to avoid ?human imprinting (when exposure to humans makes the animal prefer human company over its own species)? (Biology pg). These new natural zoos and parks not only give the public a more educated and realistic idea of how a particular animal lives in the wild, but, provide a more nurturing world for an animal to live and mature (Biology pg)."
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Science and Technology in Animal Rights Literature, 2005.
Examines representations of science, scientists and technology within the animal rights movement, analyzing animal rights literature.
8,000 words (approx. 32.0 pages), 45 sources, APA, $ 172.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the animal rights movement as presented in literature published by animal rights activists. It first presents the negative attitudes within the animal rights movement towards science and scientists. Next, it examines the animal rights movement's position in society in order to show how this movement is infiltrating the current paradigm of both scientific and lay society. The paper then examines each of the three areas of animal experimentation (biomedical research, product testing, and education). Surveying each of these three, the paper presents the argument posed by the animal rights activists against the use of animals and then presents examples of scientific and technological alternatives currently in use.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Negative Attitudes Towards Science and Scientists
Animal Rights in Society
Biomedical Research
Product Testing
Education
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Pressures to accelerate legislation concerning the use of animals in scientific experimentation have resulted in legislative mandates under discussion in the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Bills introduced in both 1988 and 1989 (known as the Consumer Products Safety Testing Act) would require Federal agencies to promulgate regulations specifying that non-animal tests be used whenever possible. When specific non-animal alternatives are found to be less valid, agencies would be required to publish explanations and justifications of continued animal use."
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Animal Rights, 2006.
An examination of the arguments for and against the use of animals as a means to improve the quality of life for humans.
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
Animal welfare theories hold that while animals have interests, those interests can be sacrificed if there are some human benefits that are thought to justify that sacrifice. As against this, animal rights activists believe that animals have the same rights as human beings, which include the right to life, freedom from ownership and confinement, and from use as a food source or subject of medical research without consent. This paper researches the arguments of both animal welfare and animal rights theories before attempting to draw any conclusion on the subject.
From the Paper
"Ethical standards of behavior have evolved along with human understanding of the value of life. Indeed, this fact is evident in the historical evolution of the human right to life, liberty, and dignity, which was followed by the belief that life in all its myriad forms should be valued. In fact, it is the latter worldview, which now forms the basis of the controversy over the use of animals in medical research and experiments. Currently, this controversy revolves around whether animals have as much right to life as human beings. Depending on the standpoint taken on this basic issue, arguments range on a continuum between animal welfare and animal rights."
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Druidism and Animal Experimentation, 2004.
A discussion on Druidic attitudes towards animals and animal experimentation.
799 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, from a Druidic stand-point, animal experimentation and testing on animals would be deemed unethical, immoral, and against the beliefs and teachings of Druidism. It looks at how many modern Druids would probably reiterate that it is indeed against their beliefs, due to their strong ties to nature and the animal world. It discusses how, although some may argue that sacrifices played a role in Druidism, Druid rituals actually only required the use of animal bones or skins; animals were never used to experiment upon or abused for trophies. It also explores how Druids used animal remains and plants for medicinal reasons, as well as religious purposes.
From the Paper
"By all accounts, Druids lived close to nature, where Nature and animals played a key role in their beliefs. They did not believe in fighting or war, but more in education and the sciences of philosophy, astronomy and poetry. There was a strong bond between man and animal, with many of the deities in Druidism had physical similarities to animals. Elements of nature ?were inhabited by guardian spirits? (Pollack, pg226) and ?the importance of animals in the religious life can also be seen in the fact that of the eight Druid festivals of the year, four of them, known as the Fire Festivals, are particularly related to the pastoral life of animal rearing and agriculture? (Carr-Gomm, pg8)."
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Animal Testing in the United States, 2000.
Examines the procedures and rules governing animal testing, reviews alternative methods and looks at the history of the animal rights movement.
3,795 words (approx. 15.2 pages), 35 sources, $ 104.95
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Abstract
This paper covers the history of the modern animal rights movement and examines and evaluates the current federal legislation regarding all aspects of animal testing and treatment of laboratory animals. Individual animal tests and alternatives to using laboratory animals are discussed from different viewpoints. Reasons for either supporting or condemning many different types of animal tests in the areas of medicine, cosmetics and scientific research are looked at.
From the Paper
This paper covers the history of the modern animal rights movement and examines and evaluates the current federal legislation regarding all aspects of animal testing and treatment of laboratory animals. Individual animal tests and alternatives to using laboratory animals are discussed from different viewpoints. Reasons for either supporting or condemning many different types of animal tests in the areas of medicine, cosmetics and scientific research are looked at.
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Animal Rights, 2007.
This paper explores the subject of animal rights and looks at the debate over animal experimentation.
909 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the nature of animal rights necessarily converges upon the modern debate of animal experimentation. After all, the writer points out, if it is morally acceptable to experiment upon animals, then one has said something important about the extent to which non-humans can have rights within society. Additionally, the writer notes that one can make further claims as to the type of experiments that are morally justifiable and precisely which animals may be afforded any rights. Overall, the writer maintains that the case for animal rights must center upon what types of organisms can reasonably be protected under the law -- if they can voluntarily act under the confines of law.
From the Paper
"First, it must be established that human societies have been formed for the mutual advantages of those within them. Each person, as a member of society, is required to contribute something to its overall functioning, and in doing this, they are allowed to receive the contributions of others. So, the criterion for becoming a legal member of a society is that you are able to freely choose to make a contribution or not. So, despite the observation that animals may be able to contribute something to human life that is mutually beneficial--like a puppy providing us with happiness and us providing it with food--it is irrational to assert that animal species should be allowed to choose whether to enter into this bargain or not. Society is not designed, and cannot be designed, for animal benefit in general; only specific examples of mutual advantage can be found. Therefore, not all animals can have legal rights as citizens."
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Animal Experimentation, 2002.
This paper discusses the problems of cruelty to animals through animal experimentation.
515 words (approx. 2.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 18.95
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Abstract
This paper states that about 20 million animals are cruelly killed per year for product testing. The author feels that alternative means of testing can be used.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Death and Injury Rate
Drug Testing
Horror in the Lab
Tests Performed
Alternatives
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It?s hard to imagine the cruelty some animals are subjected to during experimentation. Last year, at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a researcher was videotaped ?using scissors to cut the heads off conscious, unanaesthetized animals before removing their brains (Heyde, 2002).? The researcher admitted doing it for convenience, though it violated university protocol."
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Animal Shelters, 2002.
Looks at the ethical issues surrounding animal shelters for abandoned and lost animals.
1,016 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
A major issue in animal protection is how we care for the animals we have domesticated for our own companionship. The existence of animal shelters all over the country, for the purpose of rescuing deserted, unwanted or abused animals, is evidence that the world faces serious ethical issues on many levels when it comes to the ethical and humane treatment of animals. This paper looks at the difficulties (both financially and ethically) faced by animal shelters. It discusses the process of euthanasia and alternative forms of saving abandoned animals.
From the Paper
"Because of these problems, some organizations have formed to rescue animals the shelters can no longer keep. One example is the animal rescue organization called ?Home at Last.? This organization recognizes that many municipal shelters are overwhelmed by the number of animals they receive. Rather than see the animals euthanized for lack of space and resources to care for the animals, ?Home at Last? takes the animals and puts them in foster homes until permanent owners can be found for them. ?Home at Last? is located in Berkley, California, and has a website with pictures of animals available for adoption.Their mobile adoption program brings animals out into the community.They also have a lost and found section on their website so owners and pets can be reunited."
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