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Youth Obesity, 2007.
This paper explores the effects of obesity during childhood and adolescence.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the various effects of obesity on the lives of children. The writer notes that although research is limited linking overweight children and poor academic performance, there is at least one study linking overweight children and absenteeism. However, the writer points out that there is substantial research linking obese children and adolescents with low-self esteem, depression and anxiety disorders. Research also indicates that overweight/obese youths are more likely to be victims of teasing and verbal abuse by peers, and to be excluded from play and other social activities, leading many of them to choose younger playmates who are less likely to be judgmental. The writer concludes by showing that research has found that overweight/obese youths are at higher risks for diabetes, fatty liver, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea.
From the Paper
"One study showed that decreasing self-esteem in obese children resulted in significantly elevated levels of loneliness, sadness, and nervousness, while other studies suggest that overweight youths are unhappy with their weight and tend to experience more depressive symptoms than normal weight children.
Although verbal victimization in overweight and obese children was limited to name-calling and teasing, it did not include any reference to race, color or religion, thus is it assumed that the name-calling referenced their physical appearance. However, verbal bully-perpetrating in overweight and obese children did reference others' race, color or religion, thus it seems that obese and overweight bully-perpetrators did not want to draw attention to themselves by focusing on weight issues and instead made comments related to ethnic identity. Past studies indicate that negative stereotypes associated with overweight and obesity in childhood decline with increasing age. Overweight during adolescence was found to effect high-school performance and college acceptance. Moreover, overweight and obese children and adolescents are less likely to marry as adults, and are more likely to have lower household income than non-obese adolescents."
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Obesity, 2004.
An extensive analysis of the growing epidemic of obesity in the United States.
5,293 words (approx. 21.2 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 131.95
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Abstract
This paper claims that it is becoming obvious that there are numerous causes for the obesity epidemic in America, ranging from easy accessibility of food of all sorts, diminished opportunities to walk as part of daily life, invention of attractive sedentary activities such as computer game playing, genetic factors and possibly others as yet undiscovered. The paper contends that in order to change this process, the attention and cooperation of adult Americans is needed. The paper assesses that pointing out the immediacy of the problems caused by obesity is a place to start; educating American adults about the most effective food choices is another, as is encouraging exercise. The paper explains that because the connection between the myriad health problems is not of concern to most Americans, until they have experienced ill health, it might be necessary not to frighten them away from ineffective behaviors, but to reward them for adopting effective ones. With the cost of obesity to the nation as a whole, it would seem worthwhile to investigate the possibility of rewarding companies for creating foods that more closely follow the updated guidelines and rewarding citizens for participating in nutritional education and exercise programs that enhance, rather than damage, health.
Outline
Introduction
Pockets of Obesity
Obesity in Adults
Obesity in Youth
Children in WIC Program
Costs of Overweight and Obesity in Georgia
Epidemic Proportions
Etiology of Overweight and Obesity
Effects of Obesity and Overweight
Reducing the Incidence of Obesity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are various concepts concerning the development of overweight and obesity, from the purely genetic to the purely environmental to a combination of the two. Spence-Jones notes that "The chronic nature of obesity develops as a result of the interaction between an individual's genetic structure, cultural influences, lifestyle behaviors, and other environmental factors" (2002). As subsets of those findings, Spence-Jones notes that some view obesity as a behavioral problem based on poor nutritional knowledge and poor eating habits, along with scant exercise. Acknowledging that possibility, Spence-Jones notes that society has experienced increased reliance on motor vehicles because of urban sprawl, removing significant daily walking from human behavior in those areas. In addition, such leisure activities as video games and computer surfing have increased the number of hours people spend in sedentary activities. In addition, Spence-Jones notes, some believe the abundance and easy accessibility of 'junk' food has contributed to the problem, as has advertising: "The food industry spends an estimated $26 billion on annual advertisement" (Spence-Jones 2002) and much of it is for fast-food chains and snack foods."
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Obesity in America, 2008.
This paper examines the issues of obesity in America, focusing on the youth.
1,511 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
In this essay the writer notes that there can scarcely be any question that obesity is a growing problem among American youth and a growing concern in the United States. Most of all, the simple reality is that there is no clear consensus on what factor contributes more so than any other to the rapid spread of obesity among young Americans. The writer discusses that some scholars favor the idea of physical inactivity as the cause, while others emphasize diet and still others insist that genetics are at play. The writer maintains that the uncertainty or ambiguity around the problem is brought into sharp relief by the fact that all of these factors undoubtedly play a role; we just do not know the precise extent to which each plays a role.
Outline:
Introduction
Obesity is a Growing Concern in the United States
Defining the Issue
Establishing that it is an Open-Ended Problem
Theory One
Theory Two
Theory Three
Discussion and Critical Evaluation of the Evidence
Quality of the Evidence
Conclusion: Solutions, Limitations and Recommendation
From the Paper
"The "Obesity as a Disease" perspective. Many individuals find evidence put forward in defense of this thesis problematic inasmuch as many people who have overweight parents do not become overweight themselves; the converse is also true. The problem with this evidence is also that, with such a strong correlation between physical activity and diet and obesity, there appear to be other factors which merit greater regard from academics. At the same time, the National Institute of Health and the World Health Organization (Edlin, 2004) both recently designated obesity as a disease - even though this designation, as Hwaley's 2006 work attests, has met with scrutiny among scholars who believe that obesity does not fit the criteria for being called a disease."
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Obesity In Children, 2002.
A report on the problem of obesity in America with particular emphasis on obesity in children and the medical complications arising from obesity.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Obesity is a major problem in America. Children are becoming obese and this will lead to obesity as an adult. Obesity can lead to serious disease in children such as diabetes. It is time that America take action and stop obesity in children.
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Obesity in Ethnic American Women, 2004.
An analysis of why obesity is prevalent among African-American and Hispanic women.
2,658 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
Much research and many studies have been conducted to examine the increasing phenomenon of obesity among youth and adults in many countries around the world. With the United States and England as the two nations having the highest growth rate of people with obesity, research and studies on obesity have focused on the comparison and analysis of people in these nations grouped into classes of age, race, and socio-environment. This paper is a literature review on the subject of obesity. This review gathers information and data from previous research and studies, journals and articles, which cover an analysis and discussion of obesity among women across Hispanic and African-American ethnic groups. It gathers information about why the prevalence of obesity within these groups is significantly higher than other groups. To enable further and better understanding of the topic, this paper includes a discussion of the causes and effects of obesity and the obesity treatments that are medically available.
From the Paper
"Obesity has been a growing concern of many health care professionals around the world for some decades now. A multitude of treatment methods and medical procedures are being studied in the field of medicine to cease the uncontrollable growth rate of people who develop over-eating disorders, or what is commonly known as Obesity.
Medically, the main concern of health professionals regarding obesity is the threat it poses to the diverse aspects of an individual?s health. Obesity is found to be the root cause of many health
problems and diseases such as hypertension, high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Aside from these, the well being of an individual?s behavioral, psychological, and sociological aspects are significantly affected by obesity."
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Public Health and Obesity, 2007.
An analysis of the epidemiological principals of obesity and the case for deeming obesity a public health issue.
896 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses epidemiological principles in identifying who is affected by obesity. It also looks at what constitutes obesity, its changing trend over time and where obesity is most prevalent. The paper analyzes the literature regarding the epidemiology of obesity and examines the case that is made for deeming obesity a public health issue worldwide.
From the Paper
"As there are many diseases associated with obesity as a risk factor, causality must be determined between obesity and the disease. For example, obesity is one component of metabolic syndrome, which is a syndrome comprised of insulin resistance, central obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. In a cross-sectional study by Yoo, Niklas, Baranowski, Zakeri, Jau-Yang, Srinivasan et al (2004) attempted to explore the relation between metabolic syndrome risk factor acquisition and diet in young adults. 1181 young adults aged 19-38 were risk-stratified (no risk, 1-2 risk factors and 3 or more risk factors) and their dietary habits recorded using a self-administered food group consumption questionnaire, where the group with no risk factors tended to consume more fruits, fruit juices and vegetables than those with 1-2 risk factors (3.30 +/- 0.09 vs. 2.99 +/- 0.07 servings per day; p < 0.05) (Yoo, Niklas, Baranowski, Zakeri, Jau-Yang, Srinivasan et al, 2004). In addition, this study also found that sweetened beverage intake among whites with one or more risk factors (1.45 +/- 0.08 vs. 1.77 +/- 0.07 and 2.22 +/- 0.15 servings per day, respectively, in men; 1.26 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.62 +/- 0.05 and 1.78 +/- 0.13 servings per day, respectively, in women; P < 0.001) was significantly higher compared to subjects without risk factors, and was not significant in African Americans (Yoo, Niklas, Baranowski, Zakeri, Jau-Yang, Srinivasan et al, 2004)."
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Obesity, 2005.
An overview of the problem of obesity in America, which some say is reaching epidemic proportions.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces the topic of obesity in America, looks at some of its causes and the effects of obesity, discusses some of the treatments and programs available to fight obesity, and looks at ways to prevent obesity.
Introduction to Obesity
Causes and Effects of Obesity
Treatment and Programs for Obesity
Obesity Prevention: Conclusions and Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), in 2000, the majority of American adults were either overweight or obese (CDCP, 2004). Obesity is best defined as an excessively high amount of body fat or adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass. (Stunkard, p14) The amount of body fat (or adiposity) includes concern for both the distribution of fat throughout the body and the size of the adipose tissue deposits. Body fat distribution can be measured by skinfold measures, waist-to-hip circumference ratios, or a variety of other techniques, including ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging."
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Childhood Obesity, 2008.
An overview of the issues concerned with childhood obesity with a focus on San Diego, California.
1,221 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that childhood obesity is reaching epidemic proportions all over the United States. The paper then explains that obesity can be controlled by the individual who experiences it and that, although some individuals might be unable to control obesity caused by physical factors, they might be able to reduce other factors that cause obesity. The paper then discusses how, for that reason, the city of San Diego has instituted some measures that may reduce the incidence of childhood obesity in the area. This paper then focuses on some of the causes of childhood obesity and suggests some ways for families to address the issue.
Outline:
Childhood Obesity Overview
Causes of Obesity
Prevention and Treatment of Obesity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Berry et al. (2004) explains that diet and exercise, as well as nutritional education, have all been proven to have an influence both on weight loss and on preventing obesity. Restricting calorie intake is proven to create the negative energy balance required to lose weight, while increased activity both enhances the speed of the weight loss and increases the probability that weight will remain off (Berry et al., 2004). One weight loss diet mentioned in the article is the "traffic light diet," also known as the glycemic index diet. This diet color codes dietary components by the number of fat grams that they contain. This diet, according to the authors, has been shown to produce a "significant short-term decrease in obesity," while it encourages improved eating patterns (Berry et al., 2004, p. 432). "
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Content Analysis of Childhood Obesity, 2008.
This essay analyzes the problem of childhood obesity and includes a working definition of childhood obesity, a look at its causes and effects, and suggestions for solving the problem.
785 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This essay focuses on the problem of childhood obesity and is based on a systems analysis approach to the problem. The author first defines the key terms that are involved in the problem of childhood obesity, and then determines how the problem as a whole can be dealt with. The author concludes that child obesity is a significant problem in modern society fortified by mass media, but that there must be more active familial responsibility in order to correct childhood obesity.
From the Paper
"Although this is a systems analysis, the role of cause and effect cannot be overlooked. The problem of childhood obesity cannot be solved without looking at what might cause this problem. What are some of these causes? Many experts who study nutrition and diet have concluded that a big cause is today's culture. First, people want things quickly and done easily, as their time seems to be limited. As a result of this cause, parents give their children too much "fast food" and other types of prepackaged and prepared foods that are often highly unhealthy and filled with fats and cholesterol. The second cause is today's high-tech media, which gives many people, including children, a very "sedentary" or nonactive life style."
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Obesity, Weight Loss, and Relationships, 2004.
Qualitative study of obese persons and their partners.
25,208 words (approx. 100.8 pages), 167 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper attempts to identify the particular problems that arise from obesity and how they affect the couple relationship. The paper is a qualitative study that looks at the experiences of obesity and weight loss from the standpoint of the obese individual, their non-obese partner, and the couple.
Overview of the Study
Introduction to the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Need for the Study
Theoretical Framework
Definition of Terms
Research Questions
Literature about the Problem of Obesity
Hypothesized Interactional Patterns
Obesity and Poor Self/Body Image
Weight and Self-Esteem/Body Image
The Link Between Mind and Body
Psychopathology and Psychological Distress
on the Individual and Within the Marital Relationship
Obesity as a Mental Disorder
Obesity, Marital Satisfaction, and Intimacy in the Couple Relationship
Obesity, Psychopathology, and Marital Satisfaction in the Couple
Relationship
Obesity and Sexuality in the Couple Relationship
Obesity and Partner Support
PhotoTherapy
Rationale for the Methodology
Semi-Structured Interviews
Population, Setting and Sample
Subjects
Procedure
Instruments
Researcher Information and Biases
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Ethical Considerations
Trustworthiness of the Data
From the Paper
"Literature about the problem of obesity indicates that it is attributable to a host of other problems that likewise contribute to the pain and suffering of these individuals. This includes problems with physical health, as well as emotional difficulties, and these will be covered in Chapter Two. Many of these problems are psychological in nature; however, the psychological problems that come from being obese can be equally, or even more, destructive to the individual than the largely recognized physiological problems. Both the experience of obesity and the treatment of weight loss need to be focused upon if the associated psychological effects and problems are to be identified and treated. Unchecked, these problems can help to perpetuate the cycle of obesity and weight loss, maintaining the high rate of recidivism associated with weight loss treatment programs."
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Obesity in Minority Children, 2006.
An in-depth discussion of why lower class, pre-adolescent Latin and African-American children are fighting obesity.
3,114 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the issue of obesity in lower-class adolescents and pre-adolescents. It discusses the fact that minorities, especially Hispanics and Blacks, are also disproportionately represented among the obese and that the percentage of obese minority youth has more than doubled in less than a generation. In order to understand the problem of obesity, the paper attempts to define the issue and suggest solutions to the problem.
From the Paper
"What can parents do to get their children up off the couch and get moving? One thing parents can do is to limit or eliminate television time. Children should be required to participate in some type of physical play. If a dangerous neighborhood prevents parents from allowing children to play outside, then parents should seek out safe places in and out of the neighborhood where children can play."
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Obesity, 2005.
This paper analyzes the social problems caused by the epidemic of obesity.
1,610 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether obesity is an individual or collective problem. The author points out the growing obesity among America's youth. The paper explores health factors related to obesity.
From the Paper
"Sociologists have long studied the problems facing society in order to discover their root causes and effects. The origins of social problems can sometimes be murky, however. Are these problems the fault of the individual exclusively or can society play a role?"
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Childhood Obesity, 2004.
An analysis of the widespread problem of childhood obesity in America.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses one of the greatest health risks affecting American youth today, childhood obesity. The paper claims that the number of obese children is growing at an alarming rate. The paper presents alarming statistical data concerning childhood obesity, including the heightened likelihood of children from low socioeconomic backgrounds becoming obese. The paper examines the serious and often fatal health conditions that are a direct result of obesity. Issues of self-esteem, genetics, and prevention of obesity are covered in this paper.
From the Paper
"One of the greatest health risks affecting American youth today is childhood obesity. An individual who is considered obese has a disproportionately large amount of fat stored in the body, beyond the point of simply being overweight. While the definition of exactly how much fat constitutes obesity is still in flux, obesity is having excess weight enough that serious health risks are incurred by the individual. Many health professionals consider the vast amount of overweight people in our country to be of such epic proportions that it is actually known as an epidemic of fat. This condition is especially dangerous to children, and the number of obese children is growing at an alarming rate. Far from just being an issue of aesthetics or conformity, obesity may be the single biggest overall threat to the health of children in developed Western countries. While our popular culture is obsessed with the image of the thin and fabulous, this same culture is breeding generations plagued by obesity and the complications that are associated with this condition. Childhood obesity is a very serious health concern due to the medical risks and social implications, therefore the possible causes of obesity in children should be studied and identified, while a wide range of treatment options should be carefully considered."
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Childhood Obesity, 2006.
This in-depth research paper provides a qualitative examination of the physiological and psychological effects of obesity among American children as well as the factors contributing to this growing epidemic.
9,375 words (approx. 37.5 pages), 39 sources, MLA, $ 193.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper details the results of various studies that prove obesity and overweight conditions among adolescents are the results of multiple elements. This paper explores the genetic influences that can increase an individual's susceptibility to overweight or obese conditions. This paper analyzes the factors that contribute to obesity while focusing on the genetic, environmental and parental issues. One factor that is contributing to the nation's obesity epidemic is inadequate participation in active sports by young children. This paper details the results of a study that sampled 50 physical educators to determine their perceptions of the unintended physiological and psychological consequences of childhood obesity in their classrooms. This paper looks at the nutritional and dietary habits of adolescents which determine what factors are most likely to contribute to obesity. The writer of this paper explores the social, emotional and physical effects of obesity among children. This paper details the physical effects in obese children, which prove they are more susceptible to suffering lifelong health problems such as heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and even orthopedic problems.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Review of the Literature
Methodology
Findings
Discussion
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"With regard to nutrition and dietary intake, the data currently available indicates that Americans are consuming more calories but are not compensating for them with increased physical activity. According to the U.S. Department of agriculture, Americans in the 1990's were consuming more food and several hundred more calories per day than they did in the 1970s. Much of this observed increase can be associated with an increase in eating away from home. A study by McCrory and colleagues found that an increasing proportion of household food income was spent on food prepared away from home and that frequently eating restaurant food was associated with being overweight. In two-career families where there is no one at home to prepare healthy meals, warming up packaged foods, picking up fast food, or dining out has become the norm. "Eating is also a form of entertainment and a forum for socializing, as the number and variety of restaurants has mushroomed in recent years." Grantmakers in Health. As a result of this, the amount of meals eaten outside the home has almost doubled in the past few decades."
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Childhood Obesity, 2005.
A look at the growing problem of childhood obesity in the United States, with a focus on the Latino population where the problem is exhibited most significantly.
5,213 words (approx. 20.9 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
This study focuses on the problems and solutions of childhood obesity as associated with the issue of obesity in children. Specific emphasis is placed on the growing Hispanic ethnic minority population. The paper points out that childhood obesity is unquestionably more concentrated among racial minorities than it is among white children and, therefore, focuses on the particular population of Hispanic-American youth in the San Francisco School District.
From the Paper
"Challenges are many and complicated and the solutions to this particular growing health threat have been divided for the last twenty years but the impact of the number of hours children spend in school demonstrates an opportunity for intervention that has been largely ignored in the last twenty years. Most research has addressed factors such as environment, socioeconomic level, activity level and family history as important facets of the problem. Some would even lay blame upon the television as a serious factor for the development of obesity in children. (Lowry, Wechsler, Galuska, Fulton, & Kann, 2002, pgs. 1-23) Many blame nutritional changes that have taken place within the United States as a whole, regarding the amount of fast food we eat because of its easy availability and the reduction of fresh fruit and vegetables being replaced by the bulk high fat, high carbohydrate low nutrition foods available in the everyday marketplace."
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