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China and the WTO, 2002.
This paper discusses China?s inception into the World Trade Organization (WTO) and addresses the question of whether or not China's markets have expanded since its entry.
7,925 words (approx. 31.7 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 171.95
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Abstract
On December 11, 2001, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opening the country?s doors to change and a new economy. This paper looks at the long journey it took in order to achieve this goal and the future prospects of such a step. The paper begins with an historical overview of China's economic structure and how this culminated into a decision to enter the WTO. It discusses the obstacles that China experienced in joining the WTO and the cost of the membership. It provides a table of China's commitments to the WTO and looks at what they expect to get in return. The economic impact of such a move is discussed and how this has influenced China's market structure and financial market reform.
Introduction
History of China?s Economic Structure
The Decision to Enter the WTO
Obstacles in Joining the WTO
The Cost of WTO Membership
China's Key Commitments to the WTO
What China Gets in Return
Economic Impact on China
China?s Commitments
Foreign Investments
Changes Made and Lessons Learned
China?s Market Structure
Financial Market Reform
Trade and Foreign Direct Investment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On December 11, 2001, China officially became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), opening the country?s doors to change and a new economy. One year after China?s entry into the WTO, the country reported great success, showing better-than-expected economic growth and fulfillment of its WTO commitments, despite its shaky world economy. The excellent performance of the Chinese economy was clearly demonstrated by its eight percent growth rate in gross domestic product, as well as the significant growth in trade and inflow of foreign direct investment. As a result of its inception into the WTO, financial experts forecast that China will become the fifth trading country with an import-export volume worth US$600 billion and one of the most attractive areas for foreign direct investment, which exceeded US$50 billion in 2002 alone."
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Impact of China's Entry into the WTO, 2002.
The potential effects on the global economy of China's joining the WTO.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
China officially joined the World Trade Organization last year after a long series of negotiations. The entry of China into this world body has aroused mixed emotions among business analysts in the United States. Proponents feel that it will help Chinese economy and make its industries more competitive, while opponents are of the view that United States employment rate will be badly hurt by China?s accession to WTO. China will certainly stand to benefit from increased trend towards global sourcing and the paper studies China?s entry with reference to this particular issue.
From the Paper
"China today enjoys a prominent position in the world because it is one of the fastest growing markets and this makes it the center of attention for the global businesses. The country has been introducing trade reforms since a long time now and in its attempt to become a major part of the world community, it offered to join World Trade Organization, which already has 142 members. But accession has not been a smooth journey for China because it was after almost 15 years that it was finally granted entry into this trade body. But it is felt that with the entry of China, things are going to change dramatically for businesses in Asia Pacific region and also for those firms that are on the look out for global emerging markets. In the past few years globalization has been the major trend for all large businesses especially the ones in the United States. The American corporate world has been engaged in global sourcing for sometime and with the entry of China in WTO, it is almost certain that these firms would find a wider market and sourcing would increase rapidly with China opening its doors to businesses around the world. "
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Advantages And Disadvantages Of China Entering WTO, 2002.
Discusses the possible advantages and disadvantages to the people of China if China were to join the WTO.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Summary: This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese entering the World Trade Organization. By understanding the different elements of this type of major deal in trade, we can see how this might affect the lives of the Chinese on a world basis. The effects of internationalization of this country has been an issue in recent times, and this deal would have significant affects on China.
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China's Entry into the WTO, 2004.
A discussion on the benefits of China's accession to the World Trade Organization for China and its trading partners with a focus on the United States.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of China's entry to the World Trade Organization. It examines how findings indicate that China will benefit from new export markets and increased foreign investment and how the main efficiency gains from WTO membership for China will be in the protected and non-traded sectors, which will feel the impact of import competition or the arrival of new foreign-backed competitors. It looks at how China's market access commitments will provide U.S. businesses the opportunity for significantly greater market access to a broad range of goods and services in sectors that are of key importance to U.S. businesses. It also shows how East Asian economies could also benefit significantly from China's membership, since Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Taiwan (China) all provide intermediate goods and quality consumer durables that could gain market share in China.
Outline
Introduction
Expected Benefits
Stability in External Economic Relationships
Access to China?s Market
China Revitalized
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are seven types of trade regime commitments in China?s WTO accession agreement that have a wide variety of positive implications for China?s operation as a free market economy (World Trade Organization: analysis of China's commitments to other members, 2002). Some commitments require a specific action from China, such as reporting information about China's import-licensing requirements to the World Trade Organization. Other commitments are less specific in nature, such as those that confirm China's general obligations to adhere to WTO principles of nondiscrimination in the treatment of foreign and domestic enterprises. China's market access commitments will provide U.S. businesses the opportunity for significantly greater market access to a broad range of goods and services in sectors that are of key importance to U.S. businesses."
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CAFTA, China and the WTO, 2006.
A discussion regarding China and CAFTA, and the impact it had on world trade.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the case of the CAFTA and its juxtaposition against the entry of China into the WTO. As China becomes a more powerful trading force globally the free trade agreements such as CASFTA become more important. This paper highlights the concerns of the Central American nations and the US as they formulate the FTA to accommodate Chinese competition.
From the Paper
"When China joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, the calculus for trade in the Western Hemisphere changed significantly. Whereas before the Americas had always had a special trade relationship due to proximity and cultural-geographical ties, the entry of China into the WTO threatened to turn trade among the U.S. and the countries of Central and South America into an open battle for survival, especially for smaller countries with limited but developing economies such as Honduras and Guatemala. "
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China and the WTO.
This paper reviews individual articles and interviews Chinese officials to evaluate the World Trade Organization's (WTO) dispute settlement system (DSS) and its implications for China.
9,930 words (approx. 39.7 pages), 40 sources, APA, $ 201.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, after 15 years of bargaining, in December, 2001, China became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), with a formal commitment to relax its traditional restrictiveness and conservative pose and open itself to world markets. The author points out that WTO rules specifically require China to settle its disputes with other member nations through the WTO's dispute settlement system. The paper relates that interviews with Chinese officials reveal that China is not aware enough about the system, not too keen about it, and finds it flawed and threatening.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Research Design and Methodology
Summary of Findings and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The membership is envisioned to nearly double international trade volume and attract foreign investment with increased exports and technological investment. But the situation will not be the same with China because of the rules-based structure of the WTO and the legally-binding dispute settlement system among its member nations. A national development strategy was the traditional basis of China's economic planning until its decay in the early 80s. The basics of import control, low-cost loans, trading rights and pricing continue to characterize its domestic trade. In the 90s, it bargained with foreign firms in order to obtain desired technologies, but retained self-sufficiency in grains as a basic agricultural policy for decades. It conducts international trade mainly to maintain balanced trade, but backed up with a fixed exchange rate and a limit to imports. Its agreement with the WTO does not include or honor any of these principles."
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China's Entry into WTO and Global Sourcing, 2002.
A study of the entrance of China to the World Trade Organization (WTO).
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how China officially joined the World Trade Organization last year after a long series of negotiations. It looks at the entry of China into this world body and how it aroused mixed emotions among business analysts in the United States. Proponents feel that it will help Chinese economy and make its industries more competitive, while opponents are of the view that United States employment rate will be badly hurt by China?s accession to WTO. The author writes that China will certainly stand to benefit from increased trend towards global sourcing and the paper studies China?s entry with reference to this particular issue.
From the Paper
"China today enjoys a prominent position in the world because it is one of the fastest growing markets and this makes it the center of attention for the global businesses. The country has been introducing trade reforms since a long time now and in its attempt to become a major part of the world community, it offered to join World Trade Organization, which already has 142 members. But accession has not been a smooth journey for China because it was after almost 15 years that it was finally granted entry into this trade body.
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China and the WTO, 2002.
A look at China's membership in the World Trade Organization.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the reasons behind the thrust of the accession of China to the WTO and the motivating factors for the international community.
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China and the WTO, 2002.
An analysis of the literature and policy recommendations for Chinese accession to the World Trade Organization.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the accession of China to the World Trade Organization, and evaluates the implications. The objective of this paper is to evaluate these implications and make policy recommendations concerning the participation of China in World Trade initiatives. It is argued here that China's international trade will benefit, but that local economy and labor will suffer as a result of this accession.
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China and the World Trade Organization (WTO), 2002.
This paper discusses the entry of China into the WTO and the complexities of implementing all the changes to her economy.
8,856 words (approx. 35.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 185.95
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Abstract
An in-depth research paper into China joining the WTO and the details of the agreement of trade tariffs and quotas that was established. The paper discusses the different business cultures between east and west and why these differing cultures made it harder to implement the changes into China's economy. The writer examines how these countries are now able to merge due to the trend of globalization - both economically and culturally.
I. Introduction
II. Review of Literature
China and the West in Business
Case Studies
Tips and Other Opinions
III. Methodology
IV. Results
A Convergence of Business Cultures?
Case Studies
Tips, Strategies and Opinions
V. Summary and Conclusion
Implications and Recommendations for Further Study
References
From the Paper
"What makes China stand out as a global market potential, despite its status as an underdeveloped country, is its sheer size: its huge and diverse population of close to 1.2 billion is five times the US population. This makes China the world?s largest consumer economy (Ralston et al). This is why those who wish trade with, and invest in, China must be most knowledgeable about Guanxi, the Chinese?s negotiating behavior (Buttery and Leung, 1997). It is their access to the needed influence in China in order to make things happen there, in establishing political capital and building relationships, which foreign investors must have and use to do business in China. But Western or foreign investors must be most aware that they will not finish up with a single negotiation or accomplishing a quick return-on-investment. Guanxi requires the building of a life-long relationship with foreign investors and proof of certain virtues. The Chinese culture in business differs widely from the Western in a number of ways, which must be effectively addressed to insure business success."
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China and the World Trade Organization (WTO), 2002.
An examination of how China finally gained entry into the WTO in November 2001.
1,387 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
A paper discussing all aspects of China being admitted into the World Trade Organization in 2001 after having been denied entry repeatedly in the past. Discussion includes China's expectation of being one of the main powers in the WTO after the United States and Europe. One of the main advantages discussed is the financial impact of globalization on China's labor force.
From the Paper
"China is expected to become one of the main entities in the World Trade Organization, next to the United States and Europe. Besides becoming the dominant power in Asia, what this also means for China is that they could possibly see their unemployment rate surge if imports from member nations are now allowed to flood the market. Becoming the dominant power in Asia could be a direct result of China's entrance into the World Trade Organization. Some of the many advantages of growth and development for China now that they are involved in free trade and globalization through the World Trade Organization are quite varied."
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China?s Entrance into the WTO, 2002.
A paper which explores the need for total re-engineering of the Chinese business process after China enters the World Trade Organization (WTO).
3,982 words (approx. 15.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
The change from an economy in which production levels, prices and even purchases are dictated by a higher government authority, to free capitalism comes as a culture shock to many Chinese, especially those of the old management school. This paper focuses on the need and willingness of those involved in Chinese management to change their ideals and accept this new way of thinking as China prepares to enter the World Trade Organization. This paper answers two primary questions (1) will traditional Chinese be willing to accept the new business model and (2) does the amount of exposure to Western ideals have an effect on the willingness of Chinese managers to accept these new concepts?
Table of Contents
Hypothesis
An Overview of the Reforms and Economic Position in China
OverChinese Culture and Quality Management,
E-Commerce and Re-engineering
Adapting Institutional Structure to Allow for Needed Reforms
Sample Size and Selection
Methodology
Data Analysis Techniques
Statistical Analysis
Acceptance of New Business Structure Between Males and Females Acceptance According to Ethnicity
Acceptance in Regard to Age
Discussion
Works Cited
APPENDIX I: Survey of Attitudes Regarding the Willingness to Change from Traditional Chinese Management Styles
From the Paper
"Chinese workers and management tended to like everything the way it had been and the idea of change was not acceptable to them. The Chinese culture, with its Socialist roots entrenched a group approach to everything.10 This idea discouraged the idea of self-promotion through better education or experimenting with new ideas or processes. ?Saving face? is important to Chinese culture. A manager will not accept criticism from peers or other managers. This is counter to the Socialist authoritarian management structure. As one can see, the ideas of quality circles, peer review and team approach are in direct conflict with established protocols in China. The group membership principle is the only resemblance to TQM that exists in Chinese culture."
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China and the World Trade Organization (WTO), 2005.
A look at the involvement of China in the World Trade Organization, focusing on the need for supply chain management.
8,415 words (approx. 33.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 178.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the circumstances that led China to join the WTO, an analysis of the Chinese economy prior to joining the organization, and its performance after becoming a member. The study examines the performance and limitations of supply chain management in China. It then provides recommendations for improving the working of supply chain management in China.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Supply Chain Operations in China: Benefits
4. Limitations of Supply Chain Management in China
5. Recommendations for Improvement
6. Conclusion
From the Paper
"Many of the companies are presently resorting to different methods of making their work done by hiring people through a process known as outsourcing. The companies try to focus on their basic activities in which they are competent and other ancillary activities are outsourced on contract basis to others. The Chinese market is now in global focus as one of the growing market. The favorable circumstance for investment by the multinational corporations in respect of multiple ranges of industries like consumer products, automotive, electronics, telecommunications etc., is the primary reason for its attraction. The widespread marketing prospects, highly educated people, cost-effective methods of production, and effective networks for distribution made the Chinese market so significant globally. Another reason that made China the centre of attraction is the performance of its economy even amidst the Asian catastrophe. The bewildering increase of its exports by 25% has made its international trade becoming more significant. The self assured Chinese economy led to signify the role of international relations. The operation of Motorola in the Chinese soil led the Western members to consider the Chinese market as very significant and cannot be set aside. The Western leaders could visualize a growth rate of over 9 percent per annum and in favor of initiation of reformation in the global trading policy. China is predicted to be the seventh world ranking largest exporter and eighth largest importer by the end of 2000. Next only to US, China has become the second largest playground attracting the foreign capitalists with an investment of about 400 million US dollar. Besides, it is evident to the Western leaders to visualize the large population of China with the diversities as a never ending supplier of low wage laborers in addition to the large middle class consumers. In view of these it is considered by the Western leaders that non-admittance of China to the WTO cannot be the other alternative. (Chanoff, 2002)"
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China and the World Trade Organization, 2008.
A discussion of the controversial issue of China joining the World Trade Organization.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how China has been changing economically while trying to hold on to as much of the Communist system as possible, a delicate balancing act that raises the suspicions of much of the world while also creating a good deal of internal uncertainty. The paper points out that this is part of a modernization effort being carried forth not only by those within China or by her trading partners, but also by Chinese living abroad who wish to increase business for the home country or to develop China in a wide variety of fields, including the scientific, financial, artistic, tourism, and other fields. The paper maintains that part of this effort involves China joining the World Trade Organization (WTO). Both the possibility of China joining and the organization itself were the subjects of massive protests in this era of increasing globalization and remain so. The paper concludes that China's attempt to gain benefits while retaining autonomy in certain matters is a balancing act that cannot be maintained for long without political change.
Outline:
Introduction
The WTO
China and the WTO
Theoretical Implications
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Chinese take the view that America is only harboring ill feelings about the emergence of a stronger and more prosperous China, and they believe that Washington's policy toward Taiwan is designed to obstruct China's reunification. They say that the Americans want to stop Chinese arms sales that are merely for commercial purposes while at the same time they are selling more sophisticated fighters and missiles to the unyielding Taiwanese. They also believe that the Americans use the human rights issue as a weapon to interfere in China's domestic affairs and undermine the Chinese government and note that the U.S. government created obstacles to China's entry into the WTO with the intention to weaken China economically, which has an effect domestically and internationally at the same time: "As the Chinese are sustaining their economic growth and rapidly improving their standard of living, their national pride is certain to arise" (Jisi 45)."
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China?s Accession to the World Trade Organization, 2004.
This paper discusses that the People's Republic of China becoming a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has a great impact upon its development and the entire world.
9,350 words (approx. 37.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 192.95
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Abstract
This paper, presenting an extensive history of China, explains that, due to its historical isolation from and suspicion of foreign influence, its long acquaintance with communist economic structures, and a general preference for protectionism, China has developed a highly protectionist trade policy that will present problems for its participation in the WTO. The paper points out that China's accession to the WTO may result in adjustment problems with unemployment and redistribution of wealth, potentially causing further social and political problems. The paper lists several important areas through which China?s WTO accession may have a major impact upon the other economies of East Asia, including increased access by other regional players to China?s domestic market, improved overall competitiveness among these countries, competition with China for business in third markets, changes in investment patterns, and transparency and predictability of trade policy.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overview and Discussion
History
Principles of the Accession Agreement
Economic Impact in China
Political Impact in China
Economic Impact in East Asia Region
Downside Risks
Anti-dumping
Safeguards
Stifling of Innovation vs. Establishing Good IP Protections
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"China does not yet have an independent legal and court system. The legal system must be modernized to handle today?s wide variety of commercial disputes, to protect legal contracts and to combat corruption wherever it is found. When this happens, it may be possible to create the groundwork for an independent judiciary. Then the rule of law may come to be extended. Only then will the central bureaucracy be reformed and the administration of justice be consolidated."
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