| Papers [1-13] of 13 | Search results on "WORLD WIRETAPPING": |
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The World of Wiretapping, 2002.
This paper discusses in detail the topic of wiretapping: The technology, the methods, the uses, the law and the issue of Internet wiretapping.
3,110 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The author begins by explaining how the wiretap works and that it is easy to install. The paper continues to discuss in detail the legalities of wiretapping , the issues of personal privacy and the conflict between the needs of law enforcement and the individual?s rights.
Table of Contents
Introduction
What is Wiretapping?
History of Wiretapping?
Is Wiretapping An Invasion of Privacy?
Who Uses Wiretapping?
State Laws Concerning Wiretapping
Conclusion
Why Is There a Need for Wiretapping?
The Need for Change in Laws Concerning Wiretapping
From the Paper
"There are several types of bugs in the market today. First, there is the ?bug?. It is a device that is placed in an area that can intercept any communication and conducts it out of that area to a listening post. The eavesdropper doe not have to be very far away or miles away depending on the ?bug? they use. ?
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Governmental Wiretapping, 2006.
A discussion regarding the use of wiretapping by the US government, even though it has been deemed illegal.
1,445 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the important questions of law that come into play when the topic of wiretapping is considered, even when it's the government doing the tapping. The paper further discusses how there are both federal and state statutes that govern the use of electronic recording equipment that make wiretapping of a conversation that the person is not a party to and without the consent of the parties involved, typically illegal. However, as a matter of national security, this is just what the United States government does each and every day. The paper reviews this issue and whether or not the government is justified in what, at first glance, appears to infringe on citizens' rights to privacy.
Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Wiretapping Overview
Wiretapping: A Historical Perspective
The NSA and Wiretapping
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Whether right or wrong, there is one thing for certain, wiretapping, by the government, has occurred for more than a century. Abraham Lincoln eavesdropped on telegraph conversations, during the American Civil War. Robert F. Kennedy used wiretapping to monitor the activity of Martin Luther King, Jr. Clinton's wiretapping led to the capture of Aldrich Ames, a former Soviet spy. And, most recently, in December 2005, George W. Bush was accused of violating the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act and the US Constitution with wiretapping activities that his administration has insisted is necessary to keep America safe from terrorism ("Telephone tapping", 2006).
In 1928, Olmstead v. United States was argued in the Supreme Court and examined the question of whether or not the use of wiretapped phone conversations, obtained by federal agents, without judicial approval, was a violation of the defendant's Fourth and Fifth Amendment rights. The court ruled, in a 5-4 vote, that the defendant's rights were not violated ("Olmstead", 2006). However, nearly forty years later, this decision would be overturned."
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Wiretapping, 2004.
Makes the argument that wiretapping be allowed and supported under certain conditions as a measure for protecting the health and livelihood of the American people.
1,278 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the benefits obtained by permitting wiretaps in criminal investigations. The paper cites studies indicating that the use of wiretaps during certain types of criminal investigations was highly beneficial to authorities and argues that wiretapping can be utilized as an effective tool if appropriate legal procedures are followed. The paper looks at the different types of wiretapping available, legislation designed to control the use of wiretapping, and argues that the United States Constitution actually supports wiretapping.
From the Paper
"Many would argue that wiretapping violates the constitutional right to privacy guaranteed every citizen living in the United States. However, the issue of whether wiretapping is constitutional or not is not black and white, but in fact grey. Wiretapping should in fact, be allowed and supported under certain conditions as a measure of protecting the health and livelihood of the American people. Wiretapping poses the potential benefit of protecting the citizens of the United States from acts of terrorism and personal harm. They key to successful implementation of a wiretapping law or program however, will require distinct and clear definitions and legal protocol which define when and under what circumstances wiretapping may be justified and necessary for the protection of the well being of the American People."
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Wiretapping, Electronic Surveillance and Electronic Eavesdropping, 2002.
This paper analyzes the US Supreme Courts decision on wiretapping, electronic surveillance and electronic eavesdropping.
4,400 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 160.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the history and past case law and what led up to the current laws. The author evaluates the state of the law today and discusses if it should be changed or if it has recently changed taking into account the events of September 11th.
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Wiretapping, 2007.
This paper questions justifications used by the Bush administration for secret surveillance programs.
837 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the argument that Bush's actions authorizing the surveillance of citizens are constitutional as they provide for common defense and ensure domestic tranquility. The writer explains that this is the argument put forth by proponents of Bush's orders authorizing secret wiretaps of private citizens and circumventing the established legal process for spying on individuals by the government. The writer discusses that some argue that the executive power vested in Bush allows him to circumvent the very document from which he gains that power, the Constitution itself. The writer claims that this logic is inherently flawed and examines three arguments as to why justifying the constitutionality of Bush's actions in this way is incorrect.
From the Paper
"The second rationale used by supporters of the surveillance program has been a defense of previous instances of constitutional violations in the name of security. The suspension of constitutionally-guaranteed rights during wartime, however, has been used only rarely during the history of our nation, most memorably when Abraham Lincoln ordered the suspension of habeas corpus, or the right to be presented with proof of why one is being incarcerated, during the Civil War. The rights of Japanese Americans were significantly violated during the internments during World War II, with executive blessing, but the government has issued an official apology for this action and deemed it a mistake, offering millions in reparations to the affected citizens and their families. The suspension of any civil liberties requires the most stringent of oversight to ensure that no freedom is unnecessarily violated, and cannot possibly be expected to be conducted fairly through the veil of secrecy under which the wiretapping programs were administered."
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The NSA Wiretap Program, 2008.
This paper explores whether the National Security Agency wiretap program is constitutional.
776 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the United States government, through the National Security Agency, has monitored international cellphone calls without a search warrant. The paper looks at the Bush administration's arguments in support of this program vs. a federal court ruling that that the wiretap program is unconstitutional. The paper concludes that the Administration's belief in the President's inherent powers contradicts the Constitution.
From the Paper
"In conjunction with the appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee of Attorney General Alberto Gonzalez, the Administration issued a 42-page defense of the program, "Legal Authorities Supporting the Activities of the National Security Agency Described by the President" ["Legal Authorities"]. This paper makes four arguments in support of this program: (1) inherent presidential power; (2) the resolution calling for use of military force; (3) consistency with the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act; and (4) consistency with the Constitution."
"The Administration contends that the President has inherent powers which he can use without specific congressional sanction to protect the United States. In support of this claim, the Legal Authorities cites The Federalist Papers, No. 23 and No. 41, in which Hamilton and Madison argued that the President, holding the entire executive power of the nation, may act to protect the United States. ("Legal Authorities" 6-10)"
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Anti-terrorism Policies, 2005.
Discusses the effect that anti-terrorism policies have on the U.S.A. and the rest of the world.
2,435 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This research discusses anti-terrorism policies and the manner in which they influence the nation and the world. Anti-terrorism is defined as defensive procedures used to decrease the susceptibility of citizens and property to terrorist attacks. In the aftermath of September 11, 2001, the U.S.A. was forced to deal with the threat of terrorism in a completely new light. For this reason, lawmakers devised a set of laws know as the Patriot Act. The research in this paper suggests that the Patriot Act is the main bill that deals with the issue of anti-terrorism in the United States. Though an anti-terrorism bill is necessary, the research indicates that the details of the Patriot Act are problematic. The issues that are problematic and even unconstitutional include: The government's ability to detain those that are believed to be terrorists without any due process, the right of the government to eavesdrop using roving wiretaps, reductions in judicial oversight and the role of congress. The paper argues that all of these issues are pertinent to American citizens and may prove to undermine the administration's efforts to mount a defense against acts of terrorism.
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Findings
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to an article entitled "The War Power and Its Limits", several aspects of the current antiterrorism policies are questionable. Kassop (2003) explains that in addition to abandoning the aforementioned judicial oversight, the antiterrorism policies of the Bush Administration also "created a blurring of distinctions between military action and law enforcement, along with a resultant uncertainty as to which set of standards applies in certain circumstances (Kassop 2003)." In addition, Kassop (2003) asserts that the antiterrorism policies have a disregard for congress. The author contends that the antiterrorism policies also give law enforcement agencies a tremendous amount of authority to monitor all types of activities that were once considered an invasion of privacy(Kassop 2003)."
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An Erosion of Civil Freedoms?, 2007.
This paper explores the arguments for and against domestic spying that was legalized by the Patriot Act.
1,040 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Patriot Act and how some approve the law's measures for homeland security, while others have criticized its potential to erode civil freedoms. This paper examines both parts of this argument, with a specific focus on the wiretapping of phone calls and spying on electronic mail. The paper looks at the benefits of authorizing government spying and wiretapping and also examines the criticisms of domestic spying. The paper concludes that given the current political and security climate, domestic security could be adequately protected without resorting to wiretapping and other measures that endanger civil liberties and personal freedoms.
From the Paper
"In fact, the NSA has prevented several attacks through eavesdropping. Jihadist Jose Padilla, for example, was successfully caught before he exploded a dirty bomb to spread radiation around an American city. NSA eavesdropping further foiled plots to bring down the Brooklyn Bridge and to plant more bombs in pubs and train stations around Britain. NSA insiders supposedly found that domestic spying has "been successful in detecting and preventing attacks inside the United States" (qtd in Krauthammer)."
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Analysis of Intelligence Support for Homeland Security, 2008.
This paper is a critical analysis of the United States' intelligence support for homeland security in dealing with the prevention of terrorist attacks.
3,574 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the degree of progress being made in intelligence support for Homeland Security. The paper notes that the progress is primarily due to the expansion of government surveillance powers through the authority of the USAPatriot Act, the issuing of executive orders by the President authorizing controversial NSA wiretapping and other covert anti-terrorism measures, new intelligence programs, and recent modifications of FISA. The author states that these actions have enabled the Intelligence Community to improve and expand their efforts to prevent terrorist attacks on the United States, but that numerous problems still need to be overcome if future attacks are to be prevented. Furthermore, the author argues that there is increasing fear that far too many intelligence related government activities are covert and classified, which heightens the risk of abuses of power.
From the Paper
"In addition to dealing with domestic consequences in the form of Congressional oversight investigations and court challenges based on civil liberties and privacy issues, Intelligence Community officials also face the possibility of being indicted and prosecuted by the International Criminal Court. American government personnel involved in detainee interrogations are at the greatest risk because of their participation in controversial activities such as renditions and the ongoing use of enhanced interrogation techniques.
"The Bush Administration opposed the establishment of the ICC and argues that granting such a court with the global power and jurisdiction to bring American citizens to trial could lead to abuses. The current occupant of the White House and various cabinet officials have publicly expressed concerns about the ICC on various grounds, but the underlying reason for U.S. opposition to the International Criminal Court is that American Intelligence Community personnel, government agency officials, and soldiers could be brought before the ICC to be prosecuted for violations of international law and the Geneva Conventions."
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The Watergate Scandal, 2004.
An overview of the events that led to the eventual downfall of the Nixon Administration.
1,492 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The Watergate scandal, named after the complex where it occurred, included the illegal activities of burglary, wiretapping, violations of campaign financing laws, sabotage, and the attempted use of government agencies to harm political opponents. This paper examines the events of the scandal leading up the Watergate trial of 1975. It also shows how the scandal led to the end of President Nixon's political career.
From the Paper
"Jaworski disappointed Nixon by serving him with a subpoena in 1973. Nixon was ordered by the committee to furnish the tape recordings and documents relating to 64 White House conversations. Jaworski believed that the tapes contained valuable information that would provide evidence in the cover-up case. Finally, near the end of April, Nixon gave up the fight and released 1,254 pages of edited transcripts of White House conversations. Edited transcripts did not satisfy Jaworski. He insisted on the submission of the original tapes and documents that he had requested. Nixon began to reclaim that, as president, he had the constitutional right to protect confidential documents."
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Combating Organized Crime, 2005.
A brief history of organized crime in America and a look at what can be done to fight Iit.
1,716 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a brief history of organized crime in America, explaining the two primary events that gave rise to organized crime and what conditions allowed it to flourish. The paper then presents a proposal for ways to combat organized crime, suggesting that it can be controlled by allocating sufficient resources (financial, personnel, peripheral support) to the FBI Organized Crime Task Force in each metropolitan area where organized crime groups are operating.
Outline
Introduction
Thesis
Fiscal Responsibility
Community-Oriented Policing
RICO and Wiretapping Resources
From the Paper
"World War I impacted the spread and organization of organized crime in two major ways. First, the immigrant push out of Europe following the devastation of the war meant the concentration of large numbers of immigrants in New York and other large American cities in the early twentieth century. In particular, such immigrants included people who affiliated themselves with the Sicilian Mafia, who would play a significant role in the development of organized crime in the 1920s (Dombrink, 1988). The second impact followed the decision by the United States Congress to pass the Volstead Act in 1920, which prohibited the manufacture or sale of alcohol in the United States (Calvi & Coleman, 1989)."
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War on Terrorism vs. the Bill of Rights, 2002.
Argues that America's new laws to counter terrorism are a breach of the Fourth Amendment.
1,223 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the U.S. Department of Defense and other branches of the federal government capitalized on the fear of another terrorist attack, by erecting a series of security measures since September 11. The most notable of these is the USA PATRIOT Act (HR-3162), passed in October of 2001 which stands for ?Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism.? The paper explains that the USA PATRIOT Act permits wiretapping without judicial orders, deportation of legal residents of the United States based on suspicion, secret searches of citizens? offices and homes and measures. The paper argues that many of the permissible acts included in the USA PATRIOT Act are discriminatory and that there is nothing ?patriotic? about violating Fourth Amendment rights or stripping ordinary citizens from their basic civil liberties. The paper shows that these bills and laws offer a lot of power to the FBI, the police and to other governmental bodies. millions of Americans are still willingly surrendering their personal rights and freedoms in favor of a false sense of security. Finally, the paper argues that the aura of paranoia that currently pervades the United States fuels the fascist-like measures supported by Attorney General Ashcroft, measures which have far-reaching implications for American citizens.
From the Paper
"The problem with this approach is that the civil rights of American citizens, legal residents, and visitors is violated. Most Americans would be willing to undergo enhanced security checks at airports. In fact, Gore Vidal, in his article ?The New War on Freedom,? cites a CNN/Times poll conducted a few days after the terrorist attacks of September 11 which showed that 74% of people believe ?it would be necessary for Americans to give up some of their personal freedoms,? (Vidal). However, in the wake of the terrorist attacks, the federal government was able to sneak the USA PATRIOT act by Congress and the American people. Without protest, Americans are giving up their power to law enforcement agencies, under the assumption that some loss of freedom is necessary."
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Privacy After September 11, 2003.
An overview of how the September 11th tragedy affected the way the American government deals with personal privacy rights.
5,084 words (approx. 20.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 127.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the history of privacy rights, such as the Privacy Act of 1974 and the Wiretap Acts, government computer surveillance systems such as Carnivore and ECHELON, the Patriot Act, terrorist uses of the Internet, and the effects of interest groups.
From the Paper
"It is obvious that the September 11th attacks on America have reshaped the lives of the American people. These attacks shook up the American system and altered the lives of our people and the priorities of our government. As we watched the towers fall and the war on terrorism begin, the right to personal privacy was the last thing on the minds of American citizens, lost in a deluge of right, white, and blue patriotism. As time goes by and the impact of these events has begun to lessen, the concern over privacy and other rights has made a resurgence. Many Americans fear that in the months following the attacks we may have lost rights in the name of protecting our nation. Meanwhile, the government and a great number of American citizens fear that a second attack of similar proportions, or greater, could cause far worse problems for our nation. With this in mind, the government has taken an extremely aggressive stance on terrorism issues since the attacks. Following September 11th, the government has pushed anti-terrorism legislation through congress at an impressive pace. The piece of legislation with the greatest impact on America thus far is the Patriot Act of 2001. Prompted by fears of sleeper cells and terrorists living and operating amongst us, this act has changed the way the government is allowed to operate and what it is allowed to do in the name of protecting its people, but is all this really necessary? As this piece of legislation was quickly pushed through congress, many people fear that their rights may have been violated and innocent people have become subject of investigation in the name of stopping terrorists. There has been much talk of Americans living in fear of terrorism, but now that more than two years have gone by without another attack, is it our own loss of rights and privacy that we should be afraid of?"
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