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Work Groups, 2002.
A look at the function and priciples behind the use of work groups in the business environment.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the structure of work groups within business. Work groups are shown to have many traits that would make them ideally suited for aiding employees in the workplace. However, there are liabilities to implimenting this plan, such as conflict between group members.
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Work Groups without Leaders, 2005.
A discussion of what happens to a work group when there is no leadership.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the topic of leadership amongst the workers in the workplace. The paper states that without the inclusion of an effective leader workers lack the motivation to complete tasks in a supportive team manner. The paper explains the ramifications of a work group not having a clear leader to act a mediator between management and staff. The paper also discusses the issues that can arise due to unclear leadership of the workers.
From the Paper
"Without the inclusion of an effective leader workers lack the motivation to complete tasks in a supportive team manner. This is evident because without a leader there is no individual that is consistently working to achieve the needs of the workers, nor anyone to ask as a mediator between management and staff. When effective leaders are not present within the organization there is also a communications issue within the organization because singular employees have no one else to turn to but management, and this often leads to feelings of fear, insecurity, or a belief that management will not be concerned with worker's problems, only organizational goals. Additionally, there may be tensions between management and the workforce because management is generally unavailable to the workers as the run the day-to-day business of the organization."
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Working with Groups, 2001.
A case study of a specific work group in operation and its leadership.
2,735 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper is presented as a work group case study of an end-of-year meeting. The paper covers and analyzes several task and maintenance issues such as determining membership, goal setting and group environment. The paper then evaluates the outcome of the meeting and presents several suggestions for improving on further meetings.
From the Paper
"Today?s organizations are realizing the synergistic power of groups and are increasingly introducing teams into normal work life. With the emergence of project teams, self-directed work teams and other work groups good leaders are vital to maximize their effectiveness as they seek to achieve organisational goals. For an organization optimum team performance could become a source of competitive advantage."
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In-groups and Out-groups, 2005.
Examines the difference between in-groups and out-groups.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the difference between in-groups and out-groups and gives real life examples of working in each type of group. It explores issues of stereotyping, belonging and bias.
From the Paper
"If we see someone else as belonging to the same group we are in we tend to have a positive view towards them and give them preferential treatment ..."
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Effect of Group Composition on Group Dynamics, 2004.
It?s not just a matter of bringing a group of people together; the sorts of people brought together can change the sort of group constructed.
4,361 words (approx. 17.4 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 114.95
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Abstract
This essay examines how the composition of a group, whether for therapeutic or business reasons, affects the outcomes and group goals that can eventuate. The essay contends that group composition needs to be both homogeneous and heterogeneous enough to allow for group processes to occur, i.e. group stages, for the group dynamic to progress and group goals to be achieved.
From the Paper
"While it is true that a group is made up of individuals, and without those individuals there would be no group, it is quite impossible to judge the ?sort of group? that will eventuate from merely examining the ?sorts of people? that constitute it. Doing so would be like ?explain[ing] the shifting pattern of a kaleidoscope by taking the tube to pieces and listing the fragments found inside? (Thompson and Kahn, 1970: 12). Systems theorists have long posited, in opposition to individual psychological explanations of group behaviour, that when individuals ?merge into a group? something new is created? (Lewin, 1951: 57). This new entity, although comprised of individuals, is believed to be ?greater than the sum of its parts? and thus the dynamic that is created within the group is not directly attributed to any one individual but rather the unique interrelationship between those individuals and the force that this interrelationship has on group functioning."
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"Joining Together: Group Theory And Group Skills" ( D. W. Johnson and F. P. Johnson ), 2002.
Examines the pattern of ideas in this book on group dynamics.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 23.95
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Abstract
Examines the pattern of ideas in this book on group dynamics. Primacy of the group in individual life experience. Group theory applied to effective problem solving. Factors of effective communication, social interaction, cooperation and leadership. Idea that social interaction can function for good or ill. Dynamics of social interchange. Types of groups.
From the Paper
"This research examines the pattern of ideas in Joining Together: Group Theory & Group Skills by Johnson and Johnson, as well as the means by which the authors articulate their view of the primacy of group dynamics in individual life experience. The research will set forth the principal lines of thought in the text and then discuss the value of a solid grounding in group theory to the practice of effective problem solving via effective communication, social interaction, cooperation, and leadership.
Group theory cannot be understood apart from the concept of dynamics, i.e., that groups are living things, functioning as a consequence of communication and leadership (Johnson & Johnson, 2000, p. 38), and functioning in a continual state of change. Indeed, changing patterns of communication and leadership are the ..."
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Resolving Group Conflict, 2005.
This paper examines the cause and effect of conflicting problems within a particular work group while also presenting solutions and strategies for conflict resolution.
1,605 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the dynamics of a departmental work group which was created to manage daily operations within a specific working environment. This paper examines the initial goals of the group as well as the instances and reasons for severe issues of conflict within the group. The writer of this paper discusses the various strategies and processes the group must implement in order to resolve the issues of conflict to once again become an effective and productive team. This paper lists the various acceptable and non-acceptable behaviors within a group environment. The writer contends and explains why it's imperative that there be an effective leader that is capable of guiding and leading his or her team to resolve issues of conflict which ultimately impede on the productivity of the entire group. This paper also examines the effectiveness of the 'storming' process in resolving conflict. The storming process addresses the lack of leadership and/or cohesiveness within the group. The storming process allows for members of the group to aspire for higher positioning or for a leadership role within the group while at the same time rejecting the current self-assigned leader.
From the Paper
"One of the major problems with the team is that the main focus for many members is based on jockeying for position, rather than on achieving the goals of the team. It must be noted that for a team to be effective, members must be aligned and focused on achieving team goals together, not on achieving individual goals. This is not occurring. I believe that a major reason for this is based on the fact that members are viewing the work group as an opportunity to be noticed by the manager and achieve individual success. In saying this, it must be noted that the work group is the first opportunity many members have had to contribute to the department. This means that members are viewing the work group as an opportunity to contribute more to the department."
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Social Loafing in Groups, 2008.
This paper discusses the phenomenon of social loafing and looks at its impact on groups.
1,319 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that social loafing is a phenomenon that occurs in groups in which there are several members in the group and inevitably some people tend to contribute less to the group than they would have if working independently. The writer discusses that social loafing impacts groups negatively because the group is not working to it's full advantage, some people are relying upon the work of others, and doing less work themselves, which contributes to the damage of the group project overall. The writer points out that it is common sense with regards to group dynamics that when everyone in the group is working together at their full intelligence and work level, the resulting product is better than if only a few people in a group are working on the specific tasks. The writer concludes that by making sure that no member is loafing in a team, companies can ensure that they are getting adequate work from their employees for the price of their paycheck, and educational facilities can be sure that students truly understands the information given to them, and are graded appropriately.
From the Paper
"Most leaders are chosen more for their ability to do the task than for their ability to lead their fellow team members. The leader mentality is important in social loafing. This leader will then be in charge of assigning tasks, making sure the others in the group are completing said tasks in a timely fashion, and in the case of social loafing, will most likely be compensating for those who will be doing sub par work, in order to be prepared for the accountability of the group's accomplishments."
"Researchers have pointed to the leader's position as an example of the individual ability to influence and encourage social loafing. In any group of people, there will be those that have the abilities necessary to do well in the task, and those that do not. Those that have these necessary abilities are often the leader or try to participate in a helpful capacity in the group, and then there are those that do not find a helpful way to participate in the group and are often the loafers. This ability level is what guides a group's dynamics; a loafer would generally be forced to either work harder to compensate on an individual tasks, but in group tasks, can simply rely upon those that are able to accomplish the task more easily."
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Work Teams, 2004.
This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of work teams, a group of people who have complementary skills and a higher commitment to common goals.
6,285 words (approx. 25.1 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 146.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, to work effectively, work teams need good structure and guidelines, which is a difficult and very complicated issue to handle for both the team and the management. The author points out that specialization, standardization, and centralization are the primary characteristics in jobs today. The paper relates that virtual teams are never in physical proximity with each other, and so the bonding and familiarity that comes from working together is absent.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Worker Involvement and Management Tools
Advantages of Team Working from the Managerial Standpoint
Example 1: Virtual Teams at Boeing
Example 2: Teams and the Automobile Industry?examples of Saturn and Chrysler
Disadvantages of Team Working from the Managerial Standpoint
Example 1: Impact of Teams on the Electronic Industry
Example 2: Failure at Improving Performance Rating and Negative Effects on Evaluations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Japanese first initiated the quality revolution in the 1960?s with the help from many American thinkers like Deming and Juran. Japan is a country of limited natural resources and optimization of all available resources was critical for profitability. Japan also entered the international market with many of their products only to realize that many of the products did not match the standards expected in the U.S. and Western Europe. The Japanese industry was also going through excessive restructuring and layoffs were creating a severe morale problem among the workforce. Toyota first introduced the concepts of Just-in-Time (JIT) production system and Total Quality Management (TQM) was also gaining popularity. Up to that point, most organizations used the concept of Acceptable Quality Limits (AQL) for their manufacturing and production. Lower inventories require better quality work and therefore the worker requires better training."
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In and Out Groups in Organizational Theory, 2007.
A discussion of organizational theory with regards to in-groups and out-groups within the business environment.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines organizational theory regarding in-groups and out-groups and how this theory is critical in today's business environment because of the emphasis on teams and team formation. The paper explains that in-groups and out-groups are important for organizational leaders to understand and comprehend at risk of allowing an organization to fall into disarray and inefficiency. The paper also discusses how the differences between these two types of groups within the organization are stark - one group can be characterized by its inclusion and its sense of accomplishment and trust while the other can be characterized by its marginality and its lack of inclusiveness in any decision-making processes. The paper also points out that the effect of these two types of groups on any given organization is almost always negative but sometimes their full impact is not noticed until long after they form. In conclusion, the paper shows that leaders and managers need to be aware of these groups and ensure that no employees are isolated or excluded from the requisite inclusion within the business and organizational processes of the organization itself.
Outline:
Overview
In-Group Experience
Out-Group Experience
Differences
Effect of These Groups
Membership & Performance
Leadership Factors
From the Paper
"Often, membership in these groups is not necessarily related to task or task performance. While an individual completely botching a task might potentially land them in the out-group, generally these groups form based on inter-personal reasons and relationships with various other co-workers and with management (Harris 142). As previously mentioned, group formation is not necessarily a bad thing to happen in the context of an organization. The danger is that such groups, if not properly managed, can lead to ostracizing and isolating valuable employees and even fellow team members."
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Transnational Criminal Groups and Terrorism, 2005.
An examination of the connection between transnational criminal groups and terrorist groups in today's world.
1,364 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The increasing relationship between transnational criminal groups and terrorist groups constitutes a complex and fluid situation. This paper broadly examines some of the reasons for the increasing relationship between these two groups and by looking briefly at the organisational structures, actions and motivations of them, attempts to assess the current strength of this linkage.
Outline
Introduction
Traditional Similarities
Growing Similarities
Partnerships
Fundamental Differences
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Prior to September 11 the relationship between transnational criminal groups and terrorist groups was relatively unexplored and it appears that it was a widely held view that the link between the two was limited. In 1996 the United States government reported, 'On the basis of information currently available to the United States Government, it appear[s] that most transnational crime [is] completely unrelated to terrorist crimes or terrorism' . In the mid-1990s Alex Schmid (head of the United Nations Terrorism Prevention Branch) completed a study for the United Nations in which he came to the conclusion that '...despite some common ground, organized crime and terrorism are distinct phenomena that should not be confused. While there is overlap in the modus operandi of terrorists and organized criminals, there are several important differences'."
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Pressure Groups in America, 2005.
This paper discusses pressure groups, including political action committees, which play a distinct role in the United States of America.
2,055 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a pressure group, sometimes referred to as an interest group, is a set of individuals organized for the purpose of influencing public policy; a subset of pressure groups is the political action committee created for the main purpose of receiving donations, from corporations, trade unions and other similar sources, to candidates aspiring to Federal office because, in the U.S., candidates cannot receive these donations directly. The author points out that there are two main types of pressure groups: (1) The private interest group, which unusually represents a particular economic, social or ethnic section of society promoting certain aspects of interest such as manufacturers, and (2) the cause groups with select issues or ideology such as the environment. The paper relates that pressure groups have three significant access points from where they can attempt to influence the decisions made by the Federal government: The Congress, the bureaucracy and officials that make up the executive and, in a small way, the judiciary.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Nature of Pressure Groups in the United States of America
Main Activities of Pressure Groups
Impact of Political Action Group Committees on the U.S. Elections
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The presidential elections of 2004 were to large extent influenced by the political action committees and the areas of influence were to be seen in voter turnout, endorsements of the candidates and contributions to the campaigns. The underlying evaluation of the role that the political action committees play in any election is to have a general appreciation of the relationship between money and interests and federal regulations. Political Action Committees and their roles were clearly defined in the early 1970's by the Federal Election Campaign Acts. These regulations came after some very long and torturous legislative battles. The campaign finance laws are at the moment regulated by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act -- BCRA of 2002. Current day analysis of political action committees does question the undue influence that some of these political action committees have and their new tactics that involve direct campaigns and group representation."
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Support Groups for Parents of Differently-Sexualized Children, 2006.
A paper discussing the appropriate development of a support group for parents of differently-sexualized children and teens.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies the requirements necessary within starting a psychotherapy group for parents of children and adolescents who have come out to their parents as differently-sexualized (e.g.: homosexual, bisexual, or transgendered). The stages of group work are described, as well as several potential problems that can occur during the group work process.
From the Paper
"Parents frequently experience difficulty in acclimating themselves to the preferences of their children and adolescents. Often, the drive for an offspring to differentiate himself or herself from their parents can result in a shift in behavioral preferences that non-traditional for the parent or parents. Parents and their children tend to find a common ground for such issues that helps them resolve potential problems. However, sexual identity for differently-sexualized (e.g.: homosexual, bisexual, or transgendered) children and adolescents is typically more difficult for the parent to accept than are preferences towards popular culture, dating habits, or even substance abuse. Sexual identity is not a phase and the offspring will not simply outgrow it in time; parents who discover that their children are differently-sexualized not only have to change their perceptions of..."
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Political Parties and Interest Groups, 2007.
A comparison of the main political parties in the United States and interest groups.
1,437 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history of the two main political groups in the United States and then compares them to interest groups. The paper examines the history and make-up of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. It then looks at the ways that interest groups help to support them. It concludes by analyzing the differences between interest groups and political parties.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Democratic Party
Republican Party
Interest Groups
Interest Groups versus Political Parties
From the Paper
"The Republican Party did not come into existence until 1850. It was formed by activists working against the institution of slavery. The first meeting of the Republican Party took place in Wisconsin and the members believed that the government should give land grants to those settling in the west (Republican Party http://www.mcgop.net/History.htm)."
"Once the party became official a formal meeting was help in 1854 in Michigan at which time the name Republican was adopted. The name was chosen because the members believed that it mean equality (Republican Party http://www.mcgop.net/History.htm)."
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Eating Disorder Support Groups, 2006.
A discussion on factors that influence the efficacy and participant satisfaction of eating disorder support groups.
10,992 words (approx. 44.0 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 217.95
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Abstract
This study examines online and face-to-face support groups to determine which factors best predict participant's satisfaction with the group experience. The paper examines how differences between face-to-face and online groups may be accounted for by differences in severity of disorders among clients. The writer proposes that this research is important, as online support groups expand their role in the provision of eating disorder support. The paper concludes that, in order to ensure that individuals with eating disorders have access to the best treatment available, it is advantageous to the mental health profession to determine who can benefit most from low-cost treatment resources.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement Of The Problem
Definition Of Terms
Literature Review
Dsm-Iv Diagnostic Criteria For Anorexia Nervosa
Dsm_Iv Diagnostic Criteria For Bulimia Nervosa
Dsm-Iv Research Criteria For Binge Eating Disorder
Bodywhy's Eating Disorder Support Group Services: An Overview
Factors Contributing To The Effectiveness Of Eating Disorder Groups: Review Of Current Research
Methodology
Design
Sample
Results
Data Analysis
Chapter 5
Discussion
Summary Of Findings And Implications For Future Research
Group Participant Variables
Group Variables
Limitations Of Study
Implications Of Research
Conclusion
Appendices
Informed Consent Letters For Group Participants
Appendix B
Demographic Information, Group Participation History And Eating Disorder History.
Client Satisfaction Inventory
Eating Attitudes Test
Catharsis Scale
References
From the Paper
"Bodywhys, The Eating Disorders Association of Ireland's face to face and online support groups, which are facilitated by trained volunteers, aims to provide eating disorder suffers and their families with an economically and geographically accessible environment for discussing feelings and common concerns, the expression of which Meehan, Wikes, and Howard (1995) identified as one of the foundations of recovery from eating disorders. Despite the longevity of this and other eating disorder support group programs, however, systematic research with such groups has been scant."
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