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How Has Women's Work Changed throughout the Years?, 2008.
A discussion of the changing positions and status women have held throughout history.
2,880 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to trace the history of the changing roles and positions women have held in society. It points out that, throughout history, women have held powerful positions such as queens, wives, lawyers, doctors and ambassadors to other nations. It takes a close look at women's work pre-industrial society, as well as during the industrial boom of the late 19th and 20th centuries. The paper also addresses women's status in the workforce during World War I and World War II. The paper concludes that, although today women are entering more occupations than ever, there is still much more work to be done for employment equality.
From the Paper
"The entrance of women into the corporate America has a long history. Colonists brought their belief system of appropriate sex roles for men and women to the new world of America. Before the Industrial Revolution, women's skills were hidden under different names over times. Women were called deputy husbands, she merchants, women of business, business women, etc. (Fagenson. 24). Other women's identity was easily hidden when they worked with their husbands or fathers. (Fagenson 22). Women, unlike men, received no wages. In the early seventeenth century, only one group of women could be called wage earners--domestic servants. Women were usually partners or assistants to men. However, when they were paid, they were paid less than men. Some performed midwifery, most raised children and others performed outside household work, while men worked in or around the home and engaged in the public world. Families did not necessarily suffer because of this; however when the woman chose not to marry for some reason, she suffered economically. Men followed when work changed to leaving the home for paid employment. Women were supposed to stay at home not only to care for the home and the children but also to protect their meekness, modesty, and submissiveness, valued feminine characteristics, that might have been threatened in the work world. Most pre-Revolutionary women who had limited education had no concept oft financial matters because of the common acceptance of the distinctions between the male public and female private worlds (Fagenson. 24). The majority of women had little knowledge about the economic status of their own families. This changed when women gradually expanded work outside the home to such industries as the textile and clerical industries; however it was a slow process."
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Women and Work, 2004.
An analysis of the status of women in the workplace.
1,689 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the long-standing secondary status of females in the workforce. The paper examines how far women have come and questions whether the current statistics on the employment of women show progress. The paper contends that women are entering the workforce in greater numbers and are finding opportunities that did not exist a few years ago, but overall the disparities still exist. The paper outlines these disparities, explaining that women still make less money than men, still cannot advance as far and are still subject to discrimination and to presumptuous attitudes about why they work, whether they will stay on the job or get married and leave and whether they are as capable as men doing the same job.
From the Paper
"Women have long been given secondary status in the workplace, with lower pay being one of the signs of this. The pay disparity that exists between men and women has a historical basis rather than a rational one. That is, women have only entered the workforce slowly throughout our history and have been shunted off to lower-paying and dead-end jobs for most of that history. Women at one time were denied the education they would need to perform in any better paying occupations. In addition, women were seen as not needing employment as much as did males. Women were expected to marry and to be supported by their husbands. Women's "proper" work was in the home, and work in the home was not paid. Whether true or not, women who worked outside the home were seen as seeking additional money for the family or as indulging themselves in a hobby, and in either case they could be paid less because they were not the primary breadwinner."
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AT&T: Twenty Years of Change, 2005.
This paper studies AT&T and its restructuring plans.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper is a case study of AT&T as the company goes through its third breakup in twenty years, announcing in 2000 that it would affect a breakup of its business into different units. The paper explains that this restructuring would create separate wireless, broadband, business long distance and consumer long distance companies. The paper shows how this restructuring mirrored the breakup of the Bell telephone company that produced AT&T and several other companies in the first place.
From the Paper
"AT&T announced in 2000 a breakup of its business into different units, a restructuring that would create separate wireless, broadband, business long distance, and consumer long distance companies. This restructuring mirrored the breakup of the Bell telephone company that produced AT&T and several other companies in the first place. This would be the third time in two decades that the company had been forced to split into separate entities. The company was also prepared to sell off its non-strategic assets. The intent was to emerge a learner company with a clearer core business mission. Technological innovation was clearly a goal for AT&T during most of its history and the company developed a large number of new products for use in homes, offices and other sites to give the consumer access to the latest in telephonic capabilities."
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Changing Working Environment, 2002.
Discussing the conditions of employment for the average American worker since 9-11 and how these have changed in the past two years.
1,412 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the deteriorating working conditions for the American employee in the last couple of years. It discusses reduced wages and benefit packages, increased unemployment, cut-backs and problematic pension schemes. The writer also examines the changing work culture looks at how each specific sector (hi-tech, banking, publishing, tourism etc) have been effected by these changes.
From the Paper
"Working conditions have continued to change and evolve for the American worker over the last ten years. To no one's surprise, the types of work that Americans are doing as compared to ten years ago have significantly changed. Along with changing job descriptions, work environments have changes as have rates of compensation, hours worked, and the worker culture."
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The Working Woman, 2006.
An analysis of a few articles to do with the Canadian working woman.
2,455 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author looks in-depth at a few articles regarding the role of women in the Canadian workforce. The author starts by highlighting the changes in the attitude of the Canadian workforce to women and how the gap differentiating men and women has dropped significantly over the past few years. The author then goes on to discuss a few named articles that relate to working women. In conclusion the author looks at the value of the unpaid worker and how they can be evaluated. Introduction Article 2: Worth More Than We Earn: Fair Pay as a Step Toward Gender Equity, By, Ida L. Castro. Article 2:Growth of Women Led Business in Canada Article 3: Unpaid Labor Counts in Canada Census Article 4: We Spend More Time Working For Nothing Than We Do for Money
From the Paper
"Women have made dramatic gains in the past few decades, both in education and in the workplace. More women are attending and graduating from college than in the past; equal proportions (almost one quarter) of young women and men (between the ages of twenty-five and thirty-four) now have college degrees. Women are moving into professions traditionally dominated by men, although job segregation and a gender-earnings gap are still evident."
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The Changing Role of Women, 1999.
This paper gives an historical overview of the role of women in the United States as it changed throughout the women's movement.
560 words (approx. 2.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 20.95
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Abstract
The Progressive Era saw the beginning of women wanting more from their lives. This paper discusses the development of women's roles in society throughout history. It details how women began to develop careers and campaign for their right to vote. It tells of the hardships that American women had to face when taking on "male" professions such as: doctors, lawyers and managers.
From the Paper
"Events during the Progressive Era altered the role of women in the United States. In the late nineteenth century women began to emerge into society with a strong voice. They began to enter into professional careers and launched a campaign for women's suffrage. American women often found themselves excluded from most of the emerging professions in the late nineteenth century by custom, law, and by prejudice. However, there was a noticeable number of middle - class women from new women's colleges and coeducational state universities that began to enter into the professional world. Very few women were able to establish themselves as physicians, lawyers, and corporate managers. Most women turned to professions that society deemed "suitable" for women. These were careers such as teaching and nursing. These careers were known as "helping professions". It was this characteristic that made women's professions distinctive from male dominated professions and it was these so-called women?s professions that altered the pay scale for men and women also. "
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International Women?s Year, 2002.
An examination of the events and the reasons behind the International Women's Year of 1975.
2,569 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes how the recognition of women on a national and international level was meek and misunderstood prior to the proclamation of International Woman?s Year (IWY), in 1975, and how the United Nations' motive behind creating this year of awareness was intended to bring forth contributions of women, while promoting social equality. It examines the history of feminism and women's rights from the 1950's and looks at the funding and at the programs that were held throughout the year. It reviews how the benefits of the IWY seeped into all sectors of American society and how they are still being felt today.
From the Paper
"Financial stability was another obstacle that stood between women and their independence. It is often stated that the most visible sign of the Year?s impact on creating financially independent women was the enactment of the equal credit opportunity legislation and the establishment of women?s banking organizations. Banks created to help the financial plight of women were established in the East. Eventually, some of these banking institutions were taken over and run by women. Once this trend caught on, male bankers began to look more favorably upon female applications. The acknowledgment that women had a place within the financial world led to an increase in female entrepreneurs. Increasing numbers of women began opening their own businesses and became more confident in their financial capabilities."
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"Changing History: Women, Power, and Politics", 2002.
A review of "Changing History: Women, Power, and Politics" by Geraldine Ferraro.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
A book report on a collection of Geraldine Ferraro's speeches and essays from 1984 to 1993. It discusses her centrist-liberal views on ethics, women in the workplace, health care, rape, Roe v. Wade, US-Israel relations, and diversity issues. It also points out how these issues have changed in politics since 1993, comparing the Bush, Sr. campaign of 1992 with the current Bush, Jr. campaign.
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Women and Social Change, 2004.
This paper discusses women and social change, based on "The Story of an Hour," "The Necklace" and "The Lady with the Pet Dog."
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper explains how women's roles and self-expression have significantly broadened over the past 100 years but are still subjected to negative stereotypes from the time when the three short stories under discussion were written: "The Story of an Hour," "The Necklace" and "The Lady with the Pet Dog."
From the Paper
"Women and Social Change. There is little argument that roles for women have changed over the past years. From being granted the right to vote, the Women's Movement equal pay for equal work legislation and the slow but sure dismantling of the glass ceiling in organizations and corporations, women's roles are much expanded and more diverse than they were years ago."
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The Changing Roles of Women in American Society, 2000.
A look at the changing status of women throughout history.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 65.95
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Abstract
An overview of the status of women, starting from antiquity (including their status in the Far East), and ending in the present day, emphasizing American women, and their prospects for education and economic advancement.
From the Paper
"There are and always have been very distinct divisions in the roles of men and women. These divisions are deep-rooted in economic, social and religious beliefs throughout history. Women have played many roles in societies throughout history. Through the centuries, almost every society has developed very distinct ideas of what activities are proper for women. In some societies, there is no greater honor than to be a woman and in turn a mother. Yet, as in some Asian cultures, the lives of women are of such less value than those of men that the practice of female infanticide has become a widely used device for population control. Over time, many reasons have been given for the gender inequality that exists in society. Women are supposed to be weaker, less aggressive and more caring and nurturing than men. However, the most applied barrier of equality, especially in the workplace, has been woman?s ability to bear children (Hanmer 19). Because only women have the ability to bear children, it has often been viewed that it is thus a woman?s ultimate obligation to do so. There has been no scientific evidence though that women have what is called maternal instinct, that is, a natural desire to bear and care for children (Hanmer 115). From the earliest of times, motherhood has helped to divide men and women since women primarily stay at home while pregnant and nursing. Likewise, men have traditionally taken jobs away from the home. In primitive times, this practice may not have suggested inequality between the sexes. Yet, in our modern times the tradition of women staying at home rearing children while men work outside the home has left many women economically dependent on a man to provide the material necessities of life. "
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Ibsen and Chekhov: Roles of Women and Social Change, 1992.
A compares and contrast analysis of Henrik Ibsen's "A Dolls House" and Anton Chekhov's "The Cherry Orchard" focusing on the on the roles of women and of social change in the thematic structure of the two plays.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"The character of Lyuboff Ranevskaya in The Cherry Orchard offers quite a contrast to Nora in A Doll's House. The Ibsen heroine is at heart an innocent who comes to see the falsity of the social setting in which she lives, while the older Russian woman has lived a less respectable life. Lyuboff is also a foolish woman who is easily gulled by people such as Boris Borisovich. She and her brother both look back now to a happier time, a time symbolized for them by the orchard. Nora, on the other hand, is a young woman forced to face the realities of life for the first time. She has also been foolish in allowing herself to become financially involved with Krogstad, but in the course of the play the audience sees her learn how much her life has been an illusion and how much she needs to take control of it herself."
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Changing Role of Women in America, 2008.
This paper discusses changes in regards to the status of women in American society.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer notes that less than 100 years ago, American women enjoyed relatively few freedoms: they could not vote, they could not control money, and they were frequently treated like chattel or other property, owned by their male relatives. However, the last 100 years have seen tremendous advances in women's rights. The writer points out that, first, women have obtained significant legal advances in the past 100 years, which have led to the legal recognition of women as equals. Although women have not achieved absolute equality, these legal changes have led to significant equitable equality. The writer discusses that while these changes have impacted women of different races in different manners, the feminist movement has resulted in positive changes for all women. The writer concludes that, as a result of these changes, all American women have achieved substantial gender equality, and the changes have benefited women regardless of class or gender.
Outline:
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
From the Paper
" Although women did not traditionally enjoy legal or real freedoms in America, there has been a tremendous change in women's rights in the last 100 years, and those changes have positively impacted women of all races and classes. Women have gone from being considered the property of husbands or the absolute property of slave-owners to autonomous individuals with the full range of legal rights and responsibilities. In addition, the law officially prohibits sex-based discrimination. These legal changes have led to increases in substantive equality. For example, women make up almost half of the American labor force and, though the wage gap still exists, it is slowly shrinking. In addition, American women have access to reliable contraceptives, giving them an unprecedented level of personal freedom. These changes have benefited women from all walks of life; though the feminist movement has not accomplished its goals of eliminating racism and classism, it has successfully benefited women of all races and classes. Such tremendous changes in such a relatively short period of time make total equality seem inevitable."
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Women Writers and Changing Social Perceptions., 2002.
Examines the work of Veronica Franco, Anna Maria Van Schurman, and Tullia d'Aragona on the changing of social perceptions.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of women writers in history challenging a male- dominated society. Three women writers are of particular interest for this paper, being active in their fields. These women are Veronica Franco, Anna Maria Van Schurman, and Tullia d'Aragona.
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The Changing Role of Women in the Late 1800s., 2001.
This paper discusses the novel "A Hazard of New Fortunes" by William Dean Howells.
1,365 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper is a literary analysis of William Dean Howells' novel regarding the rapid change in the women's movement at the end of the 19th century in "A Hazard of New Fortunes". The author discusses and contrasts women of the future, like character Alma Leighton, with the very traditional woman, like Mrs. March. The paper also expresses the view that Howells preferred Mrs. March to the more radical Alma.
From the Paper
"In ?A Hazard of New Fortunes?, William Dean Howells explores a number of themes through the interaction of the major characters in the novel. Much of his focus revolves around the women in the book and the interaction of these women with each other and with men. Howells writes about issues contemporary to the time of the book?s publication in 1890. Not coincidentally the 1880s marked the beginning of a significant upsurge in the women?s movement. ?A Hazard of New Fortunes? presents women who abide by the old values in contrast to women who have begun to adopt the values that eventually lead to full suffrage for women, more education opportunities for women, and more career choices for women."
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Women and Social Change in Silla and Koryo, 2002.
Examines the political and social power wielded by women in the Silla and Koryo period, up until 1392.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In Silla and Koryo women exercised a degree of political power that they did not possess again between 1392 and 1945. The sources and manifestations of this political power are identified. Subsequently, women's precipitous decline and exclusion after 1392 is briefly examined and causes are sought in the Silla and Koryo period. It will be demonstrated that women exercised considerably more influence in the earlier period than they did subsequent to 1392.
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