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Women in Sports, 2002.
An analysis of 10 articles on women in sports.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper critically analyzes 10 articles from different sources on the topic of women in sports. It reveals the prejudice and facade behind the glass ceiling that prevents the role of women in sports to be equal to that of men.
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Women and Sports, 2002.
A study of women gaining presence in American sports.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper addresses the issues of women in sports, the changing trends and the struggle involved in accomplishing the desired place in athletics. It describes how the field of sports since 1970?s, has been the obtrusive battleground to fight for the equality of sex. he paper describes how women?s participation in sports has increased dramatically since the passage of Title IX.
Table of Contents:
Gender Discrimination and Women Sports Participation
Role of Title IX in Women?s Sports Participation
Increased Sports Opportunities for Women
Increase in Men?s Support for Women Sports
Practical Implications to Increase Women Participation in Sports
Getting Results Through Increasing Awareness
Removal of Myths
Augmenting Press Coverage
Getting Authorities Intervene and Take Adequate Actions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Sports are another field where racial differences and gender biases are common. Women equality to play, to prove their abilities and to compete with men on the field is still a primary goal on the women rights association?s agenda, those organizations working to ameliorate the contemporary conditions of the womenfolk. However gone are the days when women were willing to conform to the roles of a domestic wife, an obedient daughter and a dutiful sister. Women of today are not only well educated but they are also aware of their rights as human beings. With the signing of the Title IX, women became adamant in accomplishing equality of sex in the field of sports, apart from other disciplines."
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Gender Bias and Women in Sports, 2007.
An examination of the challenges posed for women in sports by the gender binary system.
2,441 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how female athletes face tremendous obstacles and prejudice because by definition they are in opposition to the twin pillars of our patriarchal society: the gender binary system, and compulsory heterosexuality. The paper shows that many athletes and athletic organizations spend a great deal of energy on countering suspicions that women athletes are not "natural," "real," heterosexual, feminine women. The writer suggests that women stop wasting their energy on counteracting societal prejudices, and concentrate on being the best athletes they can be. The paper concludes that society has to change, and acknowledge and affirm the new ways in which 21st century women are choosing to express themselves. The writer believes that in this way, women's sports will some day command the same respect and money as men's sports do.
From the Paper
"Our society is rigidly structured on the basis of a gender binary system, which stipulates and prescribes that there must be two - and only two -genders, and moreover that these two genders are the opposites of one another. This system commonly posits the male as the norm, and the female as merely the "other," or simply the opposite of the norm. Within this system, certain attributes are regarded as quintessentially masculine, and others as feminine. Deviation from this is not well tolerated by mainstream society, possibly because it threatens the patriarchal status quo."
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Women's Sports Literature, 2005.
A study of the intersection of literature and women's sport experience.
3,941 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper is a study about how sports in literature reflects a dominant male perspective and why women's experiences in sport should be included in the curriculum of schools.
From the Paper
"When I first read the call for papers about literature as a force for understanding or equipment for living, I recalled my own intersection with literature. For isn't the reader experience with text the initial sounding board? The ground zero for literature experience? And isn't our experience with literature a method of transference? So I couldn't help but wonder how influential my interpretation of what I read when I was young led to real life experiences, indeed life-altering experiences, as I grew up. Was I enacting my favorite characters or was I re-inventing myself, or is there a difference? Does what we read shape our vision of who we might become? If that is the case, then there is strong rationale for including sports stories about girls and women in school curriculum."
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Women In Sports, 2004.
A discussion on the discrimination against women in sport.
6,210 words (approx. 24.8 pages), 37 sources, APA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper examines four essays on women in sports that focus on how social, economic, and political institutions often marginalize female athletes in U.S. society. It analyzes the historical view that women are inferior to men with regard to athletic prowess. It also includes discussions on political institutions including legislation, colleges and universities.
From the Paper
"A history of sport and women in sport in the United States illustrates how various social economic and political institutions impact the individuals who participate in sport. Historically women have often been viewed ..."
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Women in Sports, 2004.
This paper discusses women in sports and takes a look at the ideal woman.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses women in sports. The writer looks at the importance of the body image and how one is viewed in society. The writer discusses the prevalence of eating disorders and the use of steroids. In this paper, the effects of media images on the behavior of athletes are also discussed. Further, the writer discusses the impact of stereotyped images of women in the media.
From the Paper
"Body image, the way a person sees their body and feels about it is a concept developed over time and may change depending on a range of factors including media images, attitudes of friends and family and cultural traditions. Looking back over this century we can see how body image has changed from the well-rounded full figure to the slim and even ultra-slim ideal, portrayed today in fashions. We are constantly being bombarded with these images on the television, in the newspaper, in magazines, in fashion shows, in ... "
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Title IX: Women?s Sports, 2005.
Discusses how this 1972 legislation affects women's sports, especially at college level.
1,688 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
The 1972 legislation Title IX, one of 13 amendments to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, launched a revolution in the way that federally funded schools treat women in athletic programs. This paper examines how research fails to show that female athletes get the status, respect and approval that athletic participation brings to males. The paper argues that decades after the passage of Title IX, few colleges have adequately met standards for gender equity in school sport.
From the Paper
"Title IX was the start of two decades of significant athletic progress in academic institutions and beyond. In women's college sport, the number of intercollegiate athletes in the United States rose from 16,000 to over 160,000 between the early 1970s and late 1980s (Cahn, 1999). Along with this dramatic increase in numbers, women athletes enjoyed far greater acceptance and appreciation, as more and more female athletes became household names and famous celebrities."
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Role of Women in Sports, 1990.
This paper discusses that the role of women in sports has reflected the changing status of women in society from the ancient Greek games to 1973.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
"Throughout human history, the role of women in sports has reflected the changing status of women in society. In ancient Greece, for example, women were not allowed to participate in the Olympic Games which took place once every four years. In fact, if women were caught even watching the Games, they could be "tortured and punished with death, as this was an age when life was cheap and the rule of men was total" ("Then and Now" 55). Despite such persecution, there was for a time a women's version of the Olympics called the "Heraea," after the goddess Hera, wife of Zeus (55). In the second century B.C., Roman forces conquered Greece, and women were again barred from participating in public sports events. Women were eventually restored in Roman sporting events; however, the historic evidence indicates "that women's athletics in the Roman period had more to do with public ... "
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Women's Participation in Sports, 2002.
Reviews four articles concerning the gradual increase of women performing and participating in exercise and sports activities.
1,361 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes and discusses four articles written about the increasing trend towards active performance of women in the world of sports. An emphasis is placed on the sociological issues and health concerns surrounding this trend. The articles reviewed discuss the positive psychological and physiological benefits derived from a women's active participation in sports. They also discuss the detrimental effects women may experience from excessive physical activity and the social barriers women often encounter in the athletic arena.
From the Paper
"While the Women?s Sports Foundation article (discussed earlier) had outlined the sociological, psychological, and physical benefits of engaging in sports, two articles regarding women?s physical health in sports discuss the problems that women face nowadays in order to be physically fit and attain their ideal ?body figure/form,? which is the thin figure. The first article, entitled, ?Women?s Health and Sports,? is a research study by Drs. Stephen and Amelia Pribut, wherein the different physical problems that commonly afflict women as a result of sports and exercise participation are discussed. It cited the famous ?Female Athlete Triad,? which is a tripartite ?relationship of three (3) health problems? common among female athletes. This topic is also discussed in the second article, entitled, ?The Female Athlete Triad? (Women?s Sports Foundation 2001). These three common health problems are eating disorders, amenorrhea (loss of monthly period), and osteoporosis (bone loss)."
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Women, Sports and Equality, 2006.
This paper examines the lack of equality between the sexes that exists not only in the workforce, but in various areas of sports and athletics as well.
1,706 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the normally male dominated field of sports and athletics and the lack of equality between the sexes in this area. The writer of this paper contends that in most instances, equality of opportunity between the genders is mandated by U.S. law. This paper examines the Equal Employment Opportunity Act which is the major legislation mandating equality in employment as well as Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments that mandates a move toward equality in college sports. This paper focuses on the career of jockey Julie Krone who was inducted into the Thoroughbred Racing Hall of Fame in 2000. The writer discusses Krone's battle with prejudice in a male-dominated field, that had at one time gotten her so depressed she had contemplated suicide. This paper details the various laws and achievements of exceptional women have struggled to bring about true equality in the field of sports. This paper also contains the text of two published articles regarding women and sports, that were used in researching this paper.
Outline:
Sports Equality at the College Level
Equality in Sports Professions
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Krone made it in a man's sport and profession; it would be logical that other women would have followed in her footsteps. If one were to gauge the possibilities on the basis of a 1985 National Geographic production, The Ballad of the Irish Horse, one might think of equine sports and professions as the perfect place for women to break into a man's world. The father of a junior rider who competes in pony races, with betting and purses and all, said he didn't particularly like his teenaged daughter exposed to the dangers, but she loved it so much and was so good at it, he didn't have the heart to stop her. In the same production, there is also a women veterinarian at the Irish National Stud, breeder of many of the world's great race horses, and a segment on Lady Anne Hemphill, founder of Pony Club in Ireland, an organization to which many equine professionals once belonged."
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Missing Pieces; Where are the Women in Sports?, 1999.
A paper on the effect of gender on sport participation, sport television programming and commentary.
2,954 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 18 sources, $ 87.95
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Abstract
As the title implies, this paper evaluates both the history of womens' involvement in sports and the recent developments. The author blames the media for the present imbalance citing many specific examples and causes. She examines sports on the High School level as well as the professional.
From the Paper
"I have decided to look into the issue of media coverage and the imaging of female athletes because it is an area of popular culture that I am not only interested in, but have become intensely aware of as a spectator of sports programming. I have also watched and noticed over the years that sports coverage of women is another means by which the media sexualizes women. Mass media, which has long been transmitting negative stereotypes of women, portrays female athletes with these same stereotypes on place."
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Homophobia in Women's Sports, 2002.
Argues that homophobia and gender stereotyping exist in the world of sports.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 15 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of homophobia in women sports. It first defines the socio-cultural origins of homophobia and its link with sports. It then explains how gender stereotypes forces girls and women to fulfill certain expectations leading to the development of gender logic of sports. Finally, it concludes that despite a rise in the number of athletes, homophobia persists in sports world.
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Women in Sports, 2006.
A discussion regarding women's unequal participation and media coverage in sport.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the major problem of gender inequality in sports. This inequality reaches further than just participation in sport, but also to the media coverage of women's sport. This paper further discusses the theory that men are considered to be more competitive and therefore are deserve to be more in the media spotlight.
From the Paper
" Gender inequality is a major problem in sports both in terms of women's participation and media coverage. Gender inequality has its source in gender stereotypes. Men are viewed as deserving a dominant position in sports because they are more competitive and sport is their proper sphere. Sexual difference and the notion of male dominance have a specific purpose, which is to guarantee that male dominance or hegemony will continue. My position is in agreement with researchers that media coverage serves the purpose of maintaining sexual difference and opposing sex roles."
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Women in Professional Sports, 2004.
This paper discusses women participating in professional sports.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The writer explores how female athletes have overcome many barriers and still have many more ahead of them. The writer discusses that by competing in professional sports, female athletes challenge beliefs, such as that sports are just for males. The writer suggests that perhaps due to the barriers that women encounter in this field, they should be encouraged to compete in professional sports. In this paper, the writer discusses how the female athletes are making a place for themselves in a traditional male dominated arena.
From the Paper
"Women in professional sports encounter many obstacles in their road to participation. They must overcome the lack of institutional support and advocacy, gender bias and discrimination, the idea that sports are for males and males only and images of femininity and sexuality. Yet, despite and perhaps because of these barriers, women should be encouraged to compete in professional sports. Already current research has re-evaluated some of these beliefs. For example, it has shown that physical differences, one of the primary objections to female participation in ... "
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Women in Sport, 2004.
A discussion on the impact of women in sports.
2,760 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the impact of social, economic, and political institutions on women who participate in sports. It traces women in sports from the Colonial era to the 19th and 20th centuries. The author discusses issues of gender distinctions, self-identification, discrimination, weight and eating disorders.
From the Paper
"The movie, "Love and Basketball", focuses on the love and basketball careers of Monica and Quincy, two African-Americans acting as a microcosm from the impact of social political and economic institutions on women who choose to make sports a career the film ..."
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