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Women in Old Testament & Dead Sea Scrolls, 1999.
Examines their attitudes towards women & their roles in two works rooted in a patriarchal Hebrew society & religion.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
" This paper is an examination of the view of women and their place in society as portrayed in the Old Testament and the Dead Sea Scrolls (also known as the Qumran). While the Qumran includes at least fragments of all but one of the books that make up the Old Testament, it gives some suggestions of Hebrew traditions that predate those of the Old Testament. Hebrew society, facing a state of constant exile and ongoing persecution, developed into a distinctive form of patriarchy, one that allowed women some greater freedoms and responsibilities than more conventional patriarchal systems, because the society needed to include significant contributions from all its adult members in order to survive. These unique adaptions have made some scholars argue that the Jewish system was actually a form of matriarchy, with real power and organization emanating from the.."
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The Old Testament, 1991.
This paper provides a condensed overview of the Biblical Old Testament, as outlined and explored in the book, "Old Testament Survey: The Message, Form, and Background of the Old Testament", by William Sanford LaSor, David Allan Hubbard, and Frederic Will
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to provide a condensed overview of the Biblical Old Testament, as outlined and explored in the book, Old Testament Survey: The Message, Form, and Background of the Old Testament, by William Sanford LaSor, David Allan Hubbard, and Frederic William Bush.
The first point that must be made here is that the point of view of the authors of this meaty volume is tinged heavily by their Christian evangelical attitudes. The authors consider the Old Testament to be not only a historical study of a time and place in history (the Middle East, during the two thousand years before Christ,) but also the precursor to the New Testament, in a purely religious sense.
Thus, the authors emphasize the importance of the old Testament as the foundation upon which Christianity is based, as ... "
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The Dead Sea Scrolls, 2005.
This paper discusses the contents, history of discovery and the dilemma of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
3,010 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Dead Sea Scrolls, since their discovery in 1947 and their subsequent translations by numerous scholars, continue to demonstrate many contradictions among the books in the Old and New Testaments, which points to the conclusion that the Essenes and other religious groups at Qumran either wrote certain books of the Holy Bible or copied the text from much older sources that are now lost. The author points out that the Dead Sea Scrolls have strengthened the Jewish faith because they made it abundantly clear that Jewish history as it is related in the Old Testament and in the Torah is quite accurate. The paper contends that for Christians the overall importance of the Dead Sea Scrolls lie in the fact that what theologians and religious historians currently accept as the truth concerning the history of Palestine and the role of Jesus within it may be inaccurate with the result being a complete re-writing of history as it is reflected in the scrolls.
From the Paper
"One of the first scholars to actually see and photograph the Dead Sea Scrolls in 1948 was John Trever, who has provided a highly-researched and documented history of the initial find at Qumran. According to Trever's account, three Bedouin shepherds were in the area of Qumran, located on the northwest side of the Dead Sea, in the spring of 1947. During this time, the area was under the control of the British Mandate in Palestine, and the shepherds were apparently tending their flocks when one of them casually began to throw stones at what appeared to be the opening of a cave just west of the plateau at Qumran."
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Messiah in the Old Testament, 2007.
A discussion of the history and tradition of the Messiah as found in the Old Testament.
6,960 words (approx. 27.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 156.95
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Abstract
This paper, written from a religious Christian perspective, attempts to show that the New Testament writings can be seen as the direct fulfillment of Old Testament Messianic prophesy. The author acknowledges the many problematic issues that surround the theological relationship between the teachings of Christ in the New Testament and the Old Testament Messianic vision. This paper, however, focuses on what the author considers to be the many prophetic statements of the Old Testament regarding a Messiah. Several examples of these statements are given in the text, with most coming from the Book of Isaiah.
Outline:
Introduction
Old Testament Messianic Prophesies
Genesis and Early Prophetic Statement in the Old Testament
Lineage
Isaiah
The Son of God: Psalms and Proverbs
God Nature
Daniel
The fulfillment of Messianic Prophesies in the New Testament
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is also an important part of the discussion of this subject to be aware of the complexities and problematics of a direct and overly simplistic linkage between Old Testament prophetic statements about the Messiah and the image and message of Jesus Christ in the New Testament texts. As the above quotation indicates, the Old Testament Messianic vision is largely related to the future history of the Jewish people and has historic and political connotations. While these problematics are largely outside of the parameters of this study as such, yet it is also important to take note of the fact that important Old Testament prophets like Isaiah saw the Messiah in possibly a different light to the way that Jesus is portrayed in the New Testament. For example, a study of the prophecies of Isaiah by Patterson (1953) states the following. "
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A Dictionary of the Old Testament, 2006.
A review and analysis of Desmond Alexander's and David Baker's book, "Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch".
934 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and reviews the book "Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch" by Desmond Alexander and David Baker. The paper explains that, although the title of the book would leave one questioning what light a dictionary could possibly shed on one's theological and philosophical understanding of the Old Testament, the book does, in fact, have a lot to offer its readers and contains a clear message and mission about the Old Testament.
From the Paper
"The section of the authors on the "Image of God" is perhaps the most powerful example of how a dictionary format can be instructive as a way of teaching an individual about the theological and historical nuances of the Bible. Rather than seeking the Image of God as a particular doctrine, expressed differently and piecemeal in a few texts, or pertaining only to the Genesis creation myth, the authors trace how humanity was made in the image of God, and yet connect this concept to the mention of God's image in other texts of the books of Moses, such as the condemnation of idolatry in the story of the Golden Calf and in the Ten Commandments. They stress how God's Image in the Pentateuch was also regarded as sacred thing, not a part of the idolatrous worship of the human-created image common to paganism."
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"The Old Testament Documents", 2006.
Presents a book review of Walter Kaiser's "The Old Testament Documents: Are they Reliable and Relevant?".
1,397 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The Biblical scholar and theologian Walter Kaiser offers an alternative thesis to the 'documentary hypothesis' commonly held amongst secular Biblical scholars in his book, "The Old Testament Documents: Are they Reliable and Relevant?" The paper shows how Kaiser suggests not only that the Old Testament documents are relevant, but also the Old Testament stories are actual historical accounts of real events that occurred in Israel's past.
From the Paper
"The Old Testament books may be relevant spiritually for the moral truths that they suggest in a metaphorical way. But that does not mean they are reliable as historical, eyewitness testimony and relevance in modern terms of historical data. Kaiser does include some supporting archeological evidence for his anti-documentary thesis, such as the possibility that Sodom and Gomorrah were actual, leveled cities - but this does not mean that the ancient Hebrews did not engage in mythmaking and putting a particular spin upon these enemy cities destruction from their own historical and religious perspective."
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The Nature of God in the Old Testament, 2007.
Examines how God appears to man in the Old Testament of the Bible.
2,755 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that the nature of God in the Old Testament is made up of His attributes, that make him at once personal and human-like, but also sets Him out as the transcendent, the absolute divinity, to which men should aspire for their own salvation. The paper shows that all these attributes are to be found in His names; God appearing thus as an abstraction, but also as something bearing a name, and therefore an identity. The paper quotes extensively from the Old Testament.
From the Paper
"It is significant also, as Dyrness observes, that after the creation of the Heaven and Earth, the seventh day, the day in which God rests, is devoted to God himself, which means it is marked by his holiness. So, in the process of creation itself, the worship of God, and of his holiness , has its appointed place: " And God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, for that in it he had rested from all his work, which God created and made. "( Gen . 2:3 )."
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The Dead Sea Scrolls, 2004.
A book review of Hershell Hanks's ?The Mystery and Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls."
1,852 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
A look at the origins of the Dead Sea Scrolls and who actually found them, as discussed in Hanks's book. The paper provides a history of Palestine at the time and the sociological and historical implications of the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls. It looks at how their revelation became a political issue.
From the Paper
"Hershell Hanks begins his book ?The Mystery and Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls,? (Shanks, 1998) with a startling revelation. Despite numerous treatises, articles and books on the subject, it is still unclear who found The Dead Sea Scrolls. An Arab shepherd boy or maybe two shepherd boys searching for their lost sheep close to the banks of the Dead Sea discovered the ?Scrolls? in 1947 in a cave in Qumran?though the date varies depending on the source. In an effort to look for the lost sheep, the Bedouin shepherd began throwing stones into nearby caves. An unexpected cracking sound of earthenware inside the cave encouraged him to explore further. Muhammad Ahmad el-Hamed of the Ta?amireh tribe is assumed to be the shepherd who found the scrolls. This fact has however been constantly debated and interviewing and identifying the right individual who found the scroll was never possible at the time."
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The Dead Sea Scrolls, 2002.
Examines the history of the discovery and current issues surrounding the Dead Sea Scrolls.
2,162 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
What started out as an exploration of some ancient scrolls discovered in the Dead Sea region has become a career for some people, a controversy regarding control of the material and a matter leading to interpretation and reinterpretation of central issues in Christianity. The paper examines the story of the Dead Sea Scrolls, describes the controversies and sets forth current findings.
From the Paper
"One of the best overviews of the Qumran project is provided by Hershel Shanks (1998). Shanks was part of the basic editorial team, involved with the archeological excavations, and the initial work on the scrolls. He was part of the group which decided, in the 1990s, to open up the Qumran scrolls to general access. He discussed the political machinations of the group, as well as the relationship of the scrolls to numerous. For example, one issue is the nature of the Copper Scroll and whether that is essentially a fantasy or a real treasure map."
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Rituals of War in The Old Testament, 2003.
Analysis of the war rituals of the battles fought in the Old Testament.
3,929 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
Rituals played a vital role in the wars of the Old Testament: divine consultation, preparatory rites, scare tactics, the herem and purification rites all characterized the Israelite battles. This paper gives a systematic overview of the rituals associated with ancient Israelite warfare in the Old Testament used before, during and after battle.
From the Paper
Consultation with God prior to battle was key in the pre-war rituals of the Old Testament. The Israelites would consult God to determine if they would be successful in their battle. Several methods and techniques were used to communicate with God, including simple consultations, omens/signs (sent from God), mediums, and the use of magical articles such as the ephod. An example of a simple consultation can be seen in 1 Samuel 23:2, where a report has reached David that the city of Keliah has been attacked by the Philistines. Not knowing what to do, David prays to God asking if he should go and rescue the city of Keliah. God answers, ?Go and attack the Philistines and save Keliah? (1 Samuel 23:2). This is the simplest form of consultation that is seen in the Israelite pre-war ritual tradition. Here, God?s word is given directly from God and not through any outside source requiring interpretation.
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Old Testament Prophecy, 2004.
This paper looks at some of the main topics addressed in "Old Testament Prophecy: From Oracle to Canon" by Ronald E. Clements.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer reviews some of the main topics addressed in "Old Testament Prophecy: From Oracle to Canon" by Ronald E. Clements. The writer discusses the written preservation of prophecy leading to the apocalyptic and interpretive methodology.
From the Paper
"Ronald E. Clements' Old Testament Prophecy From Oracles to Canon is a collection of Clements' formerly published writings. The essays pertain to the study of the prophetic corpus of the Old Testament. The essays are arranged in the book in canonical order with Clements' providing insights on a variety of significant issues being debated among the community of theology scholars. Old Testament Prophecy is structured in seven parts including and introduction and the following parts devoted to the prophets and prophecies Prophet King and Messiah ... "
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The Dead Sea Scrolls, 2002.
Where, and by whom were the Dead Sea Scrolls written.
1,893 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper examines arguments about the origins of the Dead Seas Scrolls. It asks whether or not the the scribes were Essene in origin and if the site of Qumran was where the scrolls were written.
From the Paper
"The Dead Sea Scrolls, after more than fifty years of intense investigative research, remain a much-debated enigma among theologians and manuscript scholars. The most argued points of contention include who produced the works and where the manuscripts originated. Scholars have also raised speculation as to the extent in which the documents connect with both Jewish and early Christian doctrines. Due to the overwhelming amount of material involved, this paper will focus examination on the prevalent arguments regarding the origin of the Dead Sea Scrolls."
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King David of the Old Testament, 2005.
This paper is an extensive discussion of the history, symbolism and controversy surrounding King David of the Old Testament.
3,055 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that of all of the famous central characters of the Old Testament, King David is, without a doubt, both one of the most interesting as well as the most relevant with regard to the life of Jesus Christ. The author points out that King David is not free from controversy; many scholars have put forward theories concerning everything from his supposed homosexual tendencies to the possibility that he may not have existed at all. The paper relates that King David is chosen, not to reveal commandments concerning moral or right conduct as in Moses' case nor to "sacrifice" in order to prove his devotion and faith such as Abraham, but to be almost "installed" by God to fulfill the very temporal and practical purpose of ruling the nation of Israel, the chosen people of God, both, within his lifetime and as a function of his descendant, who will be the messiah.
From the Paper
"Although one might imagine that in the face of such goodness and upright behavior, David might regain his senses, perhaps dulled now by power and privilege, and show his repentance by following Uriah's example, he, instead continues in his sin--by now approaching murder for is own selfish gains. Here, after trying once again to sway Uriah by getting him drunk, he notes with dismay that Uriah, even in his drunken state, will not betray his principles, and again sleeps at the king's door. Thus, in frustration (and, perhaps envy), David writes a letter to Joab and sends it with Uriah, himself, ordering Joab to put him in the front lines of battle and thereafter abandon him, "...that he may be smitten (11:15).""
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Old Testament, 2002.
An evangelical summary of the Old Testament.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
Thispaper summarizes the Old Testament, emphasizing the sovereignty of God and the doctrine if redemption.
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Old vs. New Testament, 2002.
Examines the differences which exist in the Old and New Testaments.
2,315 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This research examines degrees of difference among selected biblical sources within the Old and New Testaments. It shows that what must be appreciated at the outset about all biblical sources is that their impetus plainly comes from a serious moral purpose. Whatever distinguishes them from one another, they all share one feature: a moral agenda that is meant to affect the manner in which people lead their lives. It explains that this moral purpose comes down to an articulation of the role of God in human life, or a sense of the finitude of human existence and an acknowledgment of a power that exerts moral force on and lends meaning to human experience. The various ways in which this articulation emerges in the books of the Bible constitute their differences.
From the Paper
"Beginning with the text of Genesis, degrees of textual difference can be discerned. Consider the fact that, as Gochberg notes (545), Genesis contains two separate creation stories. The first story deals with the day-by-day creation of the physical universe, culminating in the creation of male and female mankind, which would have dominion over the earth (Gen. 1:27). The second story collapses the creation of the physical universe into the image of Eden, to be inhabited by man, out of whose rib woman is created, along with the concept of the conjoining of man and woman as sentient beings capable of a degree of creation on their own (Gen 2.22-25). What these two creation stories share is the lending of moral weight to the principle of the Creation, or the persistent impulse toward life. The tree-of-knowledge fall sights the limits of that impulse because it introduces knowledge of evil and contingency into human experience, at the same time asserting the permanent significance of God in human consciousness."
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