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The Women of the French Revolution, 2004. A look at the role of women during the French Revolution. 2,166 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how one of the most significant aspects of the French Revolution was the incredible momentum the women?s movement achieved during this time. It looks at how, during a time of intense suffering and turmoil, women came together to fight for a common cause and how ,in the wake of the Enlightenment and the French Assembly issuing the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, French women rose to the occasion and courageously demanded freedom and equality. While many of these women did not live to see the equality they fought for, their efforts proved to be a constructive force during the French Revolution.
From the Paper "Olympe de Gouges was another influential woman who fought for equality. In 1791, Olympe de Gouges wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Women. She demanded that women be looked at as citizens as well as mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters. In her declaration she also argued that women have the right to own property. She also argued for equality in marriage and education. She encouraged women to ?wake up; the tocsin of reason is being heard throughout the whole universe; discover your rights? (de Gouges). Her declaration demonstrated how the rights described in the Declaration for the Rights of Man and Citizens created basic rights for everyone, including those that it did not cover."
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Women in the French Revolution. This paper discusses the participation of women in the French Revolution and its effect on them. 2,645 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 79.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that some women had been able to vote for deputies of the First and Second Estates before the Revolution, but the r?glement royal (royal decree) of January 24, 1789, took those voting rights away; women could only vote through a male representative. The author points out that professional and working women joined in the fight from the storming of the Bastille in 1789 through the many years of revolt that followed. The paper relates that, even as they worked diligently for liberty, women were not considered citizens of France and did not win the right to vote until 1944.
From the Paper "Most of the women who championed and worked for the Revolution believed in the rights of women, and that the Revolution would create a new age for women in France. One of these women was Th?roigne de M?ricourt, a single woman and singer who worked tirelessly throughout the Revolution, and was awarded a couronne civique for her activity in the August 10, 1792 attack on the Tuileries. She gave numerous speeches about the Revolution, started a club for both sexes called the "Amis de la loi," a club who hoped to inform the populace in political matters and to drive out fear and ignorance. She traveled to Belgium to incite revolution, where she was jailed in Austria until 1791. "She described her persecutors as abominable and hideous liars, saying 'not only is their goal to incriminate and defile an innocent woman, but they tend also to compromise and dishonour persons who are respectable and deserving of the esteem of the public.'" When she returned to Paris after her release, she was greeted with admiration and applause. De M?ricourt is representative of women who worked for the Revolution in many ways."
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The Roles of Women in the French Revolution, 1995. This paper compares "Blood Sisters" by Marilyn Yalom and "Rebel Daughters", Eds: Sara Melzer & Leslie Rabine: Two literary portrayals of the roles of women in the French Revolution. 1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95 »
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From the Paper " "Blood Sisters: The French Revolution in Women's History" by Marilyn Yalom presents the views of women who took part in the revolution. What makes the book special is that Yalom lets the women speak for themselves in their own words, from dozens of preserved accounts. Their personal histories record their own role in that revolution. We learn the essential roles of women in the transformation of France at the end of the eighteenth century, and we learn that women were treated unequally by men who led the revolution, despite women's many minor and major contributions.
At the same time, most importantly, the accounts and Yalom's interpretations make clear that women were hardly passive victims of male manipulations during the revolution, but took active roles in both advancing it and protesting its injustices."
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French Revolution: A True Revolution?, 2002. A study on whether the French Revolution was a true revolution or not, through a discussion of revolutions in general and the French Revolution in particular. 831 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines the issues which can lead to a revolution, and illustrates how these issues were prevalent in France prior to the outbreak of the revolution. The paper outlines the social, economic and political problems in France in the years preceding the revolution. The writer also explains that through all the horror and bloodshed, there were also positive and far-reaching effects of the revolution for France as well as for Europe. The French Revolution brought about great long term changes in the society and government.
From the Paper "The French Revolution is known as one of the bloodiest revolutions in all of history, it claimed the lives of thousands of Frenchmen. The question that remains to be answered is, what was the cause for all this carnage?? It was during the years of 1789-1795 that turmoil arose and an outcry came from France, and in place of one of the oldest civilizations stood a new one filled with uncertainty, and the need to reform and build what remained of France. To reflect upon the reasons as to why such a revolution occurred, one must focus upon the main aspects troubling the country and it?s people at this time."
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Napoleon Bonaparte and the French Revolution, 2002. This paper discusses that the Age of Napoleon Bonaparte has its roots in the French Revolution and that it was Napoleon Bonaparte who spread the teachings of the French Revolution throughout Europe. 2,385 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 73.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that the French Revolution ignited new ideas regarding equality, justice, freedom and the very nature of social interaction; but, ironically, it was a dictator, Napoleon, who perpetuated and spread many of these ideas. The paper points out that the Napoleonic Code, the introduction of liberal ideas to Egypt, and the beginning of the drive for the unification of Italy were all things that resulted from ideas derived from the French Revolution that spread because of Napoleon and his rule. The author believes that the impact of the French Revolution and Napoleon?s dissemination of its ideas can be demonstrated by the fact that even after the defeat of Napoleon, none of the old European monarchies or regimes ever enjoyed the absolute power that they once held.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The French Revolution
Napoleon Early in the Revolution
Quest for Power
Napoleon as a Ruler and Conqueror
The Tragedy of Napoleon?s Life
The Legacy of Napoleon and the French Revolution
Conclusion
From the Paper "Napoleon is a tragic figure in that few have had so much and lost it all. From being the world?s most powerful man to becoming a lonely exile must have been a bitter pill to swallow. Napoleon?s life is also tragic in that so many people were fanatically loyal to him, yet his first love Josephine, was unfaithful to him and never provided the male heir that he so desperately wanted. But, the greater tragedy is the waste of Napoleon?s talents. True, he achieved monumental military accomplishments, but his conquests were ephemeral; they did not last. Universally recognized as one of the great military minds, Napoleon was equally talented as an administrator. If he had turned his attention to these pursuits, he could have done so much lasting good. He was also a man of contradictions. Vain, arrogant, and ambitious, he loved himself, but he was not afraid to recognize and praise ability in others. He was ruthless when necessary, but he does not seem to have been driven by hate as some later dictators were. All in all, he still fascinates us today."
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"How did the American Revolution contribute to the outbreak of the French revolution?", 2002. This junior level paper is on "How did the American Revolution contribute to the outbreak of the French revolution?" 1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95 »
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Abstract This junior level paper is on "How did the American Revolution contribute to the outbreak of the French revolution?" It includes that what independent factors propelled the French to the revolution? Sources.
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The French Revolution, 2005. This paper analyzes whether the French Revolution was a class war 1,685 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 54.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that the classes represented in the French Revolution are (1) "The First Estate", which was the clergy, (2) "The Second Estate", which represented the nobility and (3) "The Third Estate" which was at the bottom of the hierarchical ladder, representing the poorer and lower classes of people in France. The author points out that no philosophies, either in whole or in part, actually caused the French Revolution; but, because the philosophers of the Enlightenment attacked the established order and authority of any kind, their ideas helped to produce what can only be called a "revolutionary mentality". The paper concludes that the French Revolution was a war of the classes: However, the lines are not clearly drawn dividing the classes; therefore, it is clear that the French Revolution was a war of and a war within the social classes in the society of France.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
The Beginning of the Revolution
Classes Represented in the French Revolution
First, Second and Third Estates Grow Dissatisfied with Their Lot
Americas' Influence on the Revolt of the French
Effects of the Enlightenment in Relation to the French Revolution
Beliefs of the Revolutionaries
From the Paper "At the time of the French Revolution France was under the rule of an absolute monarchy and was a monarchy that was under the rule or reign of King Louis XIV (1643 - 1715). Louis XIV encouraged both trade and manufacture and centralized the country during this time period. The individuals represented by all three estates, The First, Second and Third Estate has grown dissatisfied with their lot in life for one reason or another. The main reason for the Nobility's dissatisfaction was the longing to regain the power that the monarchy had stripped from them. The peasant class as well as the bourgeoisie class was extremely unhappy over the system of taxation that operated in France and the Bourgeoisie resented deeply the privileges enjoyed by the Nobility class in France during that time period."
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Enlightenment and the French Revolution, 2004. A discussion on the effect of the Enlightenment on the French Revolution of 1789. 3,321 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 94.95 »
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Abstract This paper examines how revolutionary changes in the leadership of 18th century France did not occur overnight or with some sudden spark of defiance by citizens. It looks at how the events and ideals that led to the French Revolution were part of a gradual, yet dramatic, trend toward individualism, freedom, liberty, self-determination, and self-reliance, which had been evolving over years in Europe, and which would be called the Enlightenment. It examines and analyses the dynamics of the Enlightenment, and also those individuals who contributed to the growth of the Enlightenment and to the ultimate demise of the Monarchy, in terms of what affect it had on the French Revolution.
Outline
Thesis
Introduction to the French Revolution
Social Issues leading up to the French Revolution
The Enlightenment?s Historical Origins
The Scientific Revolution was one of the Engines Driving the Enlightenment
Michel de Montaigne, Charles Montesquieu and Rene Descartes
Enlightenment Heavyweights: Voltaire vs. Rousseau
Rousseau?s Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789)
The Enlightenment?s Direct Impact on the Revolution
Conclusion
From the Paper "When the legitimate question is raised as to what role, if any, The Enlightenment played in the French Revolution, the best evidence from credible historic sources is that The Enlightenment did indeed play an important role in the transformation of key social and political dynamics leading up to and through the French Revolution. The trends in the early to middle 18th Century indicate that Europeans were in the midst of dramatic social change. For one, secularization was taking place: the Church was losing its once-powerful position; people were no longer true and total believers in the Church?s dogma that citizens would be damned if they strayed to a place outside the boundaries of the Church?s influence."
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Popular Will in the French Revolution, 2005. An examination of the impact that popular will had on the course of the French Revolution. 1,789 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 57.95 »
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Abstract An analysis of the French Revolution illustrates the role of the popular will in dictating its course of action. This paper explains how the Revolution began with the aim of establishing a constitutional monarchy via internal reorganization, but the initial actions of the National Assembly were immediately met with suspicion and criticism, paving the way for the first turning point in the Revolution, which involved division and radicalization of the political culture. It discusses that, as the public became increasingly active and radical, it eventually achieved power over the Convention with the demise of the Girondins, the second major turning point in the French Revolution. After this, the Revolution?s focus on preservation of the Republic and underclass concerns was expressed through hysteria and terror. The writer points out that the French Revolution is a clear example of how revolutions are created and sustained by the people. Thus, in any historical analysis of a revolution, a consideration of the public will is an essential component for fully understanding the causes or the course of a revolution.
From the Paper "At the core of a revolution is the mass population that lends credibility to the revolutionary leaders. Thus, the popular will is a key element in understanding the course of any revolution. Specifically, during the French Revolution popular will forced the goals and methods of the National Assembly, which aimed to replace the absolute monarchy with a constitutional monarchy, to turn in many unpredicted directions. In the first major turning point of the revolution, the moderate goals of the National Assembly took a dramatic turn on June 20, 1791 when King Louis XVI fled to Varennes, confirming popular suspicions of an aristocratic plot and producing a radicalization of popular political culture. The popular will reached its pinnacle of power during the second major turning point of the Revolution, the demise of the Girondins. After this, the suspicious popular will was expressed through the ruling Jacobins and the Revolution turned hysteric. Although the popular will was not always sovereign during the French Revolution, the interaction of the public’s will with the governing deputies forced abrupt changes in the direction of the French Revolution and dictated the course it would take."
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The French Revolution, 2006. This paper discusses that the ideas of three Enlightenment philosophers--- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume and Edmund Burke----which were related to the French Revolution. 1,675 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 54.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that Rousseau, a proponent of equality and freedom, in his "The Social Contract" passionately argued that common consensus should derive each law; whereby the French Revolution saw the end of absolutism in France and the creation of National Assembly, a representative body from among the masses. The author points out that Enlightenment ideas, which were put forth by Hume, furiously attacked religion, especially the Catholic Church, for yielding too much power and spreading falsehoods; whereby, the denouncement of religion is reflected in the French Revolution in the legislation of the "Civil Constitution of the Clergy". The paper relates that, on the other hand, the French Revolution had its critics, such as Edmund Burke, who saw the bloody revolution as corrupt and a threat to traditional establishments.
From the Paper "Edmund Burke also views the National Assembly as a corrupt, impractical body. He believes that the masses are utterly ignorant and for leaders to follow them could be disastrous. Here Burke dismisses Rousseau's idea of the general will as he does not believe the masses are capable of policy making. Burke writes, "In this political traffic, the leaders will be obliged to bow to the ignorance of their followers, and the followers to become subservient to the worst designs of their leaders." Unlike Rousseau, Burke believes that the right to vote should only lie in the educated, property owning class."
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French Revolution and the Multimedia, 2002. How the French Revolution is used in multimedia today. 1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95 »
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Abstract This research paper discusses the influence of the French Revolution on multimedia use by historians today. It is found that the first time multimedia was used by historians was in the case of documenting the French Revolution. Now historians can use multimedia for other histories as well. And the French Revolution has been helping in the dissemination of knowledge while its history has been the pioneer in this arena.
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The Peasants and the French Revolution, 2001. Examines the role of the large population of French peasants in the French Revolution of 1789. 952 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, $ 33.95 »
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Abstract This essay examines the role of the farming peasantry of France in pushing forward the French Revolution. What grievances and suffering had the peasants endured that led to open revolt in 1789, and what revolutionary responses did they take? While not representative of the political or intellectual strength that provoked the French Revolution, the peasant?s role in toppling the old regime cannot be ignored. This essay describes and evaluates that role.
From the Paper "It should be said before beginning that during the initial struggle between the status quo and the other classes (aristocracy, bourgeoisie, workers), the peasants had played little or no role. In fact, they had literally no part in ?provoking? the first responses and revolts, and before July, 14, 1789 there was scarcely any question of the peasants. Their grievances and complaints were of little interest to the National Assembly, in which they had no members (Lefebvre 131). Yet, if one examines the story of the French peasantry and evidence provided by Georges Lefebvre, it can be argued that they had had been suffering longer and had more to complain about than any of the other classes of French society and that their actions in July and August, 1789 were utterly crucial ones. In the end, it was the mass peasant uprising of 1789 that pushed forward the revolution, destroying the remnants of the manorial and feudal system, and finally bringing all the non-aristocratic social classes in France fully together in their efforts to topple the status quo."
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The French Revolution, 2002. An analysis of the reasons for the radicalization of the French Revolution. 1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 39.95 »
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Abstract This essay examines the implications of the National Assembly, the internal and external military action, conditions in Paris and economic and social injustices which culminated in the radicalization of the French Revolution. It looks at the various stages of the Revolution and gives an historical overview of the events that led up to it as well as the revolution itself.
The French Revolution radicalized in 1793 as the revolutionary masses attempted to change their political power and overcome what they perceived as economic and social injustices. This radicalization occurred foremost as a reaction to counter-revolutionary forces which pushed the radical revolutionaries into action to preserve the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity.
From the Paper "By 1793 the French Revolution had established the principles of equality before the law, the sovereignty of nation and representative institutions and introduced changes in political and social institutions. Roger price refers to this first stage as the ?creative? phase. However, in 1793 the Convention voted for the execution of the king, marking a break with the past and the revolution radicalised and the reign of terror began. Eric Hobsbawm states that the French Revolution was ?a mass social revolution and immeasurably more radical than any comparable upheaval?. The violent radicalisation of 1973 was not from ?Enlightenment theorising? but from the pressures from internal and external wars and ?the related twin political forces unleashed by the Revolution itself, popular radicalism and elite counter-revolution?. The interaction between the revolution and counter-revolution forces provided the pressure which radicalised the French Revolution in 1793."
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The French Revolution, 2007. An analysis of the events leading up to and resulting from the French Revolution in 1789. 1,267 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 42.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the French Revolution in 1789. It discusses the events and public feeling leading up to and resulting in the revolution. The paper then goes on to discuss the repercussions of the revolution, particularly with regard to the type of government that was established. The paper concludes that the French Revolution was only partially successful in the short term.
From the Paper "While the Revolution managed to keep its promise of liberty, that promise was frequently touted as an inaliable human right alongside equality. The Revolution failed to give the French people equality. First, the Revolution did not result in immediate popular sovereignty. More meaningfully, the Revolution did not result in the type of large-scale property redistribution that would have permitted actual equality. There was a redistribution of property, but it went from the group of nobles to those who had taken power, and those who were among the least advantaged prior to the Revolution remained among the least advantaged following the Revolution. This was partially due to the poor themselves. In the beginning of the Revolution, the poor took on meaningful roles. In fact, masses of the poor were responsible for the more symbolic events of the French Revolution, such as the storming of the Bastille. However, when confronted with a weak government, the poor grew increasingly apathetic about revolutionary ideals, and began concentrating on day-to-day existence. Therefore, they were somewhat responsible for not becoming political equals during the Revolution."
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The French Revolution, 2004. An examination of the causes and effects of the French Revolution. 2,524 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 76.95 »
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Abstract This paper presents an historical analysis of the causes and the effects of the French Revolution and then considers whether or not the revolution can be deemed a success. The paper describes three issues as the primary causes of the French Revolution and three primary results of the revolution as well. Finally, the paper concludes that the revolution did have a positive effect on the world, at least to the degree that the positive weighs equally with the negative backlash it created.
From the Paper "No moment in history stands alone, but each builds surely from the moments before it. The French Revolution and its aftermath was no exception. In many ways it sprang from the undeniable and unswayable forces of modernization, toppling a system which was dying under its own weight and intrinsically unable to adapt and survive in the new economic and philosophical reality. One could argue that this violent overthrow of the old aristocracy was the inevitable outcome of modernization and the arrival of the bourgeoisie class. The war was caused by the financial and social collapse of the old regime and the disappointed hopes of a people who had been inspired by the enlightenment; its effects were far reaching and terrible in their bloody implications, and its overall effect upon the world is hopelessly drawn between the good and ill."
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