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Women's Experience in Modern East Asian Literature, 2008.
An analysis of women's subjective experience in modern East Asian literature, particularly in Japan.
1,051 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how, in Japan, women's literature since the late 19th century, has had particular forms expected whereby the woman who writes from her heart and reports details of life is seen as less significant than the woman whose work somehow complies with established traditions of form, subject and genre. The paper provides examples from East Asian literature to support its arguments.
From the Paper
"It is as though women's subjectivity, in their authentic expression, must crack through barriers of slightly different kinds, as both societies need to take on a new understanding of how women fit into literature and ideas. In the meantime, a wise approach is one of reading Chinese or Japanese works by women as direct accounts, trying to put aside preceding forms, concentrating on what the writer is trying to convey, more than the nature of her environment or the social or political environment. One knows that the women, not the Chinese outlook or the Japanese society's sexism, will be seen as problematic, as is well understood by women writers in both countries. Whatever appears will be assessed in relation to how well it fits with a tradition to have gone before and with criticism likely of that which diverges. Many things have not been good about women's experience in modern China or Japan at different times or in particular situations. At the same time, many things have been appreciable, as needs to be kept in mind by non-East Asian readers who may be quick to criticize the societies described or the condition or women within them. It is tremendously important that women in both China and Japan be encouraged to express themselves, as individuals, so that women's literature in both countries can be seen for its different vantage points and ideas."
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East Asian History, 2005.
A sinocentric view of modern East Asian history.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the history of East Asia in the modern period from 1400 to 1900 is commonly viewed through the lens of the Europeans who came to trade, convert, loot, and conquer during this time. It discusses how although it cannot be denied that the arrival and eventual dominance of the Europeans over the international relations of the Sinic world was of great significance in the history of the region, it may be argued that simply by shifting our perspective we may obtain a more accurate analysis of this era in East Asian history.
From the Paper
" The history of East Asia in the modern period - from 1400 to 1900 - is commonly viewed through the "lens" of the Europeans who came to trade, convert, loot and conquer during this time. While it cannot be denied that the arrival and eventual dominance of the Europeans over the international relations of the Sinic world was of great significance in the history of the region, it may be argued that simply by shifting our perspective we may obtain a more accurate analysis of this era in East Asian history. "
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The Financial Crisis in East Asian Economies, 2006.
An analysis of the East Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 and whether the crisis is really over.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the East Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998 and how it represented not only a shock to the regional economies of East Asia but, in a larger context, a blow to the confidence of global financial markets in the fundamental structural soundness of East Asian economies. The paper points out that the East Asian economies that were at the center of the crisis - in particular, Thailand and South Korea - were also among those being most highly praised for their market liberalization and fiscal prudence during the regional economic boom of the 1990s. This, in particular, represented troubling concerns for the global economic community in terms of the validity and trustworthiness of assessments of East Asian economies. With this in mind, this paper considers whether it is safe to assume that the crisis is truly over.
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East Asian Financial Crisis, 2007.
This paper examines the role of the IMF (International Monetary Fund) in South Korea during the East Asian economic crisis.
3,649 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the 1997 East Asian financial crisis, also termed the IMF crisis locally within the region, that saw the downturn of many East Asian and Southeast Asian economies. The paper explains that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) received much of the blame due to its handling of the crisis. The paper focuses on the IMF efforts in South Korea and reveals that the IMF today is moving toward a less restrictive and more realistic system.
Outline:
Introduction
The East Asian Economic Crisis
South Korea
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The South Korean Central Bank was forced to expand its open market operations (OMO) in order to attempt to stabilize its currency. By elevating the amount of OMO in terms of their own securities, Central Banks attempt to control extreme devaluation in times of stress or manage exchange rates in a more stable fashion (Guille 57). For South Korea, contracting the amount of currency through sales of securities was extremely important in controlling the free-fall of the Won during the extent of the crisis."
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Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", 2005.
This paper discuses Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East", a modern history of the Middle East from the perspective of the changing peasant and urban artisan classes and the emerging modern working-classes.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Joel Beinin's "Workers and Peasants in the Modern Middle East" begins in 1750, which marks the start of modern history for the Middle East because of (1) the rise of autonomous provincial regimes, (2) the expansion of agricultural production and (3) the intensification of links between several parts of the Ottoman Empire and the world capitalist market. The author points out that Beinin argues that industrial manufacturing was introduced to the Middle East as part of a drive to establish modern armies and extend the power of the states. The paper relates that Beinin considers the period after the collapse of global oil prices in 1985-86, when states became unable to provide previously established levels of services, thus creating an economic and moral vacuum, as the beginning of the political Islamic movements of establishing a popular base by offering social services, including education, health care and child care.
From the Paper
"During the era of Fordism-Keynesianism many Middle Eastern states pursued policies of populism, nationalist anti-imperialism, state-led economic development, and import-substitution industrialization. Some examples of this post-World War II trend he cites were Muhammad Mossadegh's nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company in 1951 and Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal Company in 1956. State-led development and import-substitution industrialization were key components of the social policies advanced by Gamal 'Abd al-Nasir in Egypt, the Ba'th in Syria and Iraq and the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) from the 1950s to the 1970s. The political and economic programs of these authoritarian-populist regimes were designated "Arab nationalism" and "Arab socialism" respectively."
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East Asian Newly Industrialized Countries, 2002.
Outlines the economic growth of East Asian newly industrialized countries and discusses the effects of globalization on these countries.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by briefly outlining the astronomical pace of economic growth in the East Asian NICs. It then explores the course of development's relationship to development theory. It asserts that the neo-liberal link between economic development and democracy and greater equality is dismissed by the experience of the NICs. However, the dependency/world system approach, currently expressed in globalization, is affirmed by the recent history of the East Asian NICs and the present situation.
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Eurocentric Ideas on East Asian History, 2006.
A look at fundamental errors in Eurocentric views on East Asian isolationism.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper makes use of three cases to show the incorrectness of the past notion of East Asian isolationism. Eurocentric ideas about Tokugawa, Japan, Qing, China, and Choson, Korea are examined as examples of these incorrect notions of static Asian societies. The paper includes notes on different stereotypes to emerge from different approaches to East Asian history.
From the Paper
"A basic error of Eurocentric ideas of East Asian history can be seen in thumbnail sketches of Tokugawa Japan, Qing China, or Choson Korea. First of all, they upset ideas of static Asian societies in which little changed till the arrival of Westerns, as in ideas of Asian xenophobia in Japan and China, in particular, or references to a chronic isolationism that, actually, can be seen as ordinary protectionism. Blaut explained how models of European or other Western diffusionism have had a strong power over ideas of the West's impact upon the non-Western world, for good or ill, towards several assumptions that have only been upset, in the last few decades."
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East Asian Students and Dating, 2006.
This paper discusses East Asian University students in Toronto and dating issues.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 2 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This is an anthropological paper rooted in discussions with university students of different East Asian origins, mainly in Toronto. The paper refers to literature that tends to criticize cultural conflicts and those of generations, whereas students appreciate some aspects of their families of origin and note how Toronto offers many choices due to large, well-established East Asian communities. The writer points out that students were more inclined to joke about tradition and parents' ideas, than to complain about them. The writer also discusses dating, a 20th century phenomenon in East Cultures, that takes on forms of its own and can be superior to other social life for students.
From the Paper
"For a Canadian post-secondary student of East Asian origin this paper was interesting to research. It is clear that young people of East Asian heritage gain other views of proper social life than in the day of their parents or grandparents. The 20th century saw the creation of a new courtship in East Asian countries and cultures as explained in Kendall's study of Korean cultural change. If one sees a broader world of Chinese-influenced cultures that are very old, it is predictable that some ideas linger and students who contributed to this paper did not see them as binding or 'bad'."
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East Asian Financial Crisis: Over or In Hibernation, 2008.
An analysis of the East Asian financial crisis.
2,181 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The East Asian financial crisis was an important developmental economic event in that region. This paper attempts to put that financial crisis in perspective. The paper examines the speculation on whether the region still might suffer from or be prone to the effects of such a financial crisis. The paper also explains that the East Asian financial crisis can best be characterized as a currency crisis.
Outline:
I. Introduction
Motivation
Problem Definition
Goals and Objectives
Significance of Study
Summary of Results
II. Literature Review
Relative to Prior Research
Relevant Literature
Theory and Methodology
III. Methodology
Relation to Previous and Present Literature
Hypothesis Formulation
Advantages and Limitations
Plan of Analysis
IV. Data Collection and Analysis
Results and Explanations
Achievement of Goals and Objectives
V. Implications and Policy Recommendations
Implications
Policy Recommendations
From the Paper
"The 1997 East Asian financial crisis, also known as the IMF crisis, caused the contraction of many formerly robust East Asian and Southeast Asian countries. The crisis began in Thailand and quickly spread throughout the region with sudden devaluation of currencies, stock markets and various other economic structures (Li). One unique characteristic of the East Asian financial crisis was not that it occurred but that it spread like a pandemic from one economy to the other in the region. The problem examined here is whether these conditions or characteristics that led to the financial crisis in the region persist in any real sense."
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"Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East", 2006.
A review of the collection of biographies "Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East", edited by Edmund Burke III.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews "Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East," a collection of biographies of twenty-four Middle Eastern men and women, edited by Edmund Burket. The author of this paper asserts that the sheer number and variety of these biographies undermines current stereotypes about the Arab mindset and challenges elite-centered accounts of how the Middle East has changed in modern times. The paper explains that the book is organized chronologically, tracing the history of the Middle East through the biographies. The paper provides a synopsis of several of these biographies and looks for commonalities, even among the diversity of stories.
From the Paper
"Hibgo, an American truck driver, lived his life in Middle East and ended in United States. He started his challenging job of truck driving in iran by developing his own grop of drivers. The challenging nature of the truck driving profession in Iran during this formative period necessitated a truck driver's involvement in a guild. The guild served a variety of crucial needs through a network of shared information and credit based on mutual trust. In the 1930s Hagob became part of a guild consisting of Armenian and Assyrian members, who maintained their ties for decades. He and the others proudly wore their guild's insignia, a jeweler's handcrafted replica of the front portion of a transport vehicle."
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Modern Middle East, 2007.
An analysis of the Middle East according to two books entitled "The Modern Middle East: A History", one written by James Gelvin and the other by Sun Allah Ibrahim.
1,059 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses two books entitled "The Modern Middle East: A History," one written by James Gelvin and the other by Sun Allah Ibrahim. The paper discusses the differing views of the two authors on the same subject with Gelvin suggesting that the Middle East has remained tyrannical and economically stagnant, while Ibrahim suggests that Western ideology has penetrated the once supposedly pure nationalist governments of the Middle East.
From the Paper
"The young man's choice, that of a doctor who is famous for his works of global outreach and philanthropy, shows that the apparently noxious ideology of globalization has already penetrated even his consciousness. The reason the doctor is seen as evil in the book is because he is an international figure, and globalization is deemed to be harmful. The committee is afraid that if the young man selects this doctor, the regime's true ideology will be revealed, and the Westernized control of the Middle East will make itself known to the general population. The ideology of the supposed diversification of interests of modern economic life masks the real, controlling presence of the West that is manifest even on the Carter buses that run through the streets. This demonstrates that the nation is in the grips of a consumption ideology that only results the people consuming things against their own true nation's interests. Rather than Coca-Cola, Ibrahim suggests, better to drink in the ideology of true anti-capitalist nationalism."
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The Stagnant Pre-Modern Economies of East Asia, 2002.
A discussion of how the pre-modern societies of East Asia were considered isolated and stagnant focusing on China and Japan.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay will assume the position that the pre-modern societies of East Asia were isolated and stagnant. It is recognized that this argument is controversial, and dependent upon certain geographical and social assumptions. "isolation" and "stagnation" are relative concepts. It will be seen that two of the main economies of the region - that of China and Japan - possessed flourishing domestic economies and some degree of trade with other economies in the region. However, given the inescapable fact that European colonial powers in this era came to dominate Asia, first economically and then politically, a balanced view of the pre-modern economic history of the region must explain why this came to pass. Key to this explanation is a recognition that, in comparison to the nations of the West, the pre-modern economies of China and Japan were stagnant and isolated.
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East Asian Religions, 2002.
A brief overview of the principal characteristic of the main East Asian religions.
2,523 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the religions of China, Korea and Japan have in common an emphasis on the essential unity of all things and the necessity of the individual's integration with nature, family and society. It shows how some of the most important religions in East Asia have been Confucianism and Taoism, which were indigenous to China and Buddhism, which was imported to China from India and then spread to Korea and from there to Japan. Through a brief overview of the main beliefs of these main East Asian religions, it demonstrates how this region of the world has been a distinct entity in terms of the nations' reliance on similar types of worship, shared faiths that are adapted to separate cultures and similar conceptions of the relationship between religion and society.
From the Paper
"Devotion to ancestors and the burial of the dead characterized Chinese civilization from its earliest beginnings and these aspects of religion have persisted throughout history. But the emergence of the concept of the Tao, usually translated as "way", was to influence the formation of the two great indigenous religions of China. The Tao--and "how to know it, live it and construct a society that exemplifies it"--has been the thread that runs through all Chinese thought and religious expression and has, consequently, affected Korean and Japanese civilization as well (Ellwood & McGraw 183). Chinese thinkers held that there were three realms in which the Tao could be realized: nature, society, and the individual's inner being."
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The Modern Middle East, 2003.
A review of 'Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East' by Edmund Burke.
1,491 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at Edmund Burke's book, 'Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East'. Burke's book consists of a collection of essays, documenting the life stories of peasants, villagers, pastoralists and urbanites.
From the Paper
"Defensive Modernization defines the transformation of the Arab political, cultural and social worlds. Artisan shops in the Bazaar were gradually replaced by factories and industrial complexes. Smokestacks and skyscrapers increasingly rivaled minarets in the Middle East's newly urbanized skyline. Eventually new Western forms of communication such as the telegraph and telephone, railroads, trucks and airplanes displaced human and animal transport. In the period after the end of the Second World War, when the Middle East finally threw off the burden of colonialism, defensive modernization became an essential part of new Arab states investiture into nationalism. Projects on a grand scale such as the Aswan Dam in Egypt, or the drive for modernism at a pace that overrode traditions in the Shah's Iran are all symptomatic of the concept."
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East Asian History, 2008.
This paper explores the forces behind several events in East Asian history.
1,186 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the historical meaning behind several important events in East Asian history through the 'people' perspective and nationalism. The paper argues that although nationalism was the driving force behind these events, particularly in China, diverse events were brought about by different groups of 'people' in that society. The paper focuses on China and Korea and examines the the Japanese colonial rule in Korea, the 1911 Revolution in China and the Chinese May Fourth movement.
From the Paper
"The situation in Korea at the beginning of the 20th century was particularly complex. The Korean peninsula was of interest to both Russian and Japanese imperial interests for economic and strategic reasons. After the Russo-Japanese war (1904-1905) Korea was acknowledged as Japanese sphere of interest by United States and Britain. In 1910 Koreans officially lost their sovereignty when the treaty of annexation was signed. Many see the Japanese rule over Korea as contradictory. Korean people suffered from the police regime the Japanese authorities have established. The punishment for riots and crimes were strict. The Korean participation in all forms of government was cancelled."
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