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Women's Bodies, Sociology, and Aesthetics., 2005.
A review of Anne Balsamo's writings in 'Technologies of the Gendered Body' and her opinion on how the social constructions of beauty are developed.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Balsamo's introduction to the plastic surgery industry supported by women and a popular media source reporting that a celebrity woman is less interested in her appearance, both pointing to the foolishness of women in so adhering to external ideas of what beauty is, and to points of self-mutilation. The general point highlighted in this paper, is that one of women's reality being skewed, rather by choice, in accepting and complying with social constructions of beauty, in a day of relative choice.
From the Paper
"Anne Balsamo's chapter on cosmetic surgery in 'Technologies of the Gendered Body' expresses the contrast between Anthropometry as a past measurement of men, and a plastic surgeon's assessment of what is ideal in women's appearance. (1996) Pseudo-science once allowed persons' characters to be assessed in terms of the shape of their skulls, nature of their noses, or the ways in which their eyes were set. In the early 21st century, women consult the plastic surgeon as an expert on what can be done to alter imperfections that the woman would 'logically' wish to correct. "
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Body Image, Body Health and Pathology, 2005.
An overview of eating disorders and anorexia and their seriousness.
5,322 words (approx. 21.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 131.95
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Abstract
This is a detailed paper about eating disorders and anorexia. The paper describes the symptoms, the segment of the population most affected by eating disorders, the physical problems prolonged eating disorders can cause and some the environmental, physiological and psychological conditions that might predispose some to developing an eating disorder. The paper also explains that there are far more women with eating disorders than men and points out that this is an important factor in determining the causes of eating disorders. Additionally, the paper discusses treatment methods and prevention programs.
From the Paper
"Eating disorders and anorexia are becoming more commonplace today, and this is true particularly of young women, although older people and men sometimes also suffer from them. It is important to look at this issue as it relates to body image and how one feels about one's body, but also important to see it in the light of the way that one trusts oneself and others, and the hope for the future that is sometimes absent from the lives of these individuals. Such problems as depression can often play a large role in whether someone has problems with body image and eating disorders."
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Gertrude Stein?s Radical Aesthetics, 2005.
Examines how Stein's "Tender Buttons" uses radical aesthetics to necessitate social change and better the position of women in society.
1,912 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This essay looks critically at Stein's writing style in her book "Tender Buttons," and shows how her syntax draws attention to the binary of man and woman, and ultimately deconstructs this binary.
From the Paper
"In Tender Buttons, Stein stresses the importance of the direct treatment of objects, as well as how they appear on the page. She employs parataxis, the placement of words side by side, in order to show the importance of simultaneity, and how it affects multiple perspectives. Through parataxis, Stein blatantly rejects traditional realism, and instead shows how truth is not solely rooted in the appearance, but in the overall mood or meditation of a piece."
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Introduction to Sociology, 2006.
This paper examines the origins of sociology as well as the impact of the industrial revolution which changed the face of the social and physical environment.
1,315 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper defines sociology as the study of society and social institutions. This paper explores the new discipline of sociology which began in the 19th century with the introduction of the industrial revolution in Europe. This paper describes how sociology is applied when studying various interaction patterns in both individual and group settings. The writer also discusses how various aspects of culture impact society.
Outline:
Definitions
The Development of Sociology
The Origins
Early Sociologists
Subject Matter of Sociology
Collective Behavior
Limited Social Interactions
Unclear Social Boundaries
Weak & Unconventional Norms
Culture
Aspects of Culture
Socialization
Social Structure
Social Institutions
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The new discipline of sociology began to merge in the middle of the nineteenth century, in the contest of the sweeping changes the industrial revolution brought to Europe. No social changes in the history had been as wide spread or as far-reaching, as this information which is still taking place in the less developed nations of the world cried out for analysis and explanations. Industrialization threw into turmoil societies that had been relatively stable for centuries. New industries and technologies changed the face of the social and physical environment. Peasants left rural areas and flocked to the towns, where they worked as industrial laborers under appalling conditions."
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Psychoanalytic Aesthetics, 2002.
Outlines the concept of psychoanalytic aesthetics as portrayed by clinician Hannah Segal.
5,000 words (approx. 20.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
The psychoanalytic approach to aesthetics enables us to understand the artists' aesthetic experiences as he or she conjures up his perception and response thereof, interpretation and meaning and his or her thoughts and feelings. The paper explains that, primarily divided into applied psychoanalysis and clinical psychoanalysis, the discipline of psychoanalytic aesthetics has been studied and commented upon by many famous psychoanalysts and clinicians over the years. This paper focuses on the comments of clinician Hanna Segal's psychoanalytic approach to aesthetics in general and particularly her quotes on creation and recreation. It examines her comment: ?The essence of the aesthetic creation is a resolution of the central depressive situation and that the main factor in the aesthetic experience is the identification with this process." (H. Segal, 1981).
From the Paper
"According to Segal, one of the main aims of the artists is to create a world of his own, as Winnicott (1971) also held that the need to create something out of nothing is the main impulse. Segal says that though the artist believes that he is engaged in reproducing the external world, the fact is that the artist is using the external world to rebuild his own inner self. One of the themes used by Segal is of recovering the past and the defragmentation of the pieces."
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Developmental Studies and Sociology, 2006.
Contrasts and compares the fields of scientific sociology and developmental studies.
2,551 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the fields of scientific sociology and the broader field of developmental studies, examining both similarities and differences in the two fields. The paper explains that while the worlds of scientific sociological investigation and developmental studies are indeed closely related, the field of scientific sociology has yet to overcome a great deal of its "snobbery," before it can work effectively with the newer and broader field of developmental study.
Table of Contents
Thesis Statements
Comparisons and Contrasts of Sociology and Development
The Scientific Sociological Viewpoint
A Typical Example
The 4 S Society
Conclusions
From the Paper
"The Scientific Sociologist, Psychologists and other professionals in attendance at these various meetings received their "wake-up," calls where this issue was concerned. However, not all agreed that the events of the past quarter-century confirm Mead's precocious reasoning that academic scholars and professional societies have unwisely abdicated public education and cultural leadership to others. Putting it somewhat less politely, academic research relevant to the general public is a challenge that cannot be put off any longer."
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Sociology of Sleep, 2003.
This paper is about sleep as a sociological discipline to be studied and investigated by researchers, as well as students and professors of sociology.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates sleep as a sociological process. The writer explains the methodology used, including an introduction, a literature review, and results of the findings. It looks at a history of the study of sleep and further examines modern-day literature on the topic. It finds that the sociology of sleep has its roots deeply planted in rational choice theory, in the sense that the human being must make a rational, coherent choice in weighing out the costs and benefits before deciding how much sleep to engage in on a particular occasion.
From the Paper
"When I first decided to investigate sleep as a sociological process for the 2003 Sociological symposium, I had no idea where my research would take me or what I was getting into. I basically conducted my project as a research paper, finding an abundance of information regarding sleep within cultures, but finding an enormous lack of research regarding sleep in the field of sociology. Even studying sleep cross-culturally was a field left mostly up to anthropologists. As I continued to research various cultures and their methods of sleeping, I found there are very deep sociological implications for sleep. Thus my original research question was becoming more of a mystery than a solution: why is sleep not being researched within the field of sociology?"
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Sociology Over Psychology, 2002.
An argument for sociology over psychology in dealing with issues such as emotion, intelligence and suicide.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss why sociology is more important than psychology when it comes to such issues as emotions, suicide and intelligence that can have a diverse affect on society, but more importantly than what psychology can teach. Sociology discusses more solutions within the scope of a society and therefore, can be a better way to handle the systems that are crated in a society to deal with it more effectively. Some examples of studies will be offered to make these points more clear and to show how sociology is a more important angle on the issues. Furthermore, an example of a future study that may applicable to intelligence will be brought forth by myself to try and make an argument for sociology over psychology.
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What is Sociology?, 2004.
A look at some methodological approaches to sociology social theory.
919 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper is concerned with synopsis of the concept of sociology, its etymological meaning and definition. It briefly highlights the process through which sociology emerged as an academic discipline. Finally, the debate originated by different sociological perspectives is analysed in order to provide a much broader view of the role played by sociology on a day-to-day basis.
From the Paper
"For instance, the word ?Sociology? derives from the combination of the Latin socius (meaning companion) and the Greek logos (meaning the study of). So the word literally means the study of companionship, or social relations. ( Cuff, 1980)Many will define Sociology as the study of society, but nevertheless it can constitute a great challenge to understand what it really means. This is because it requires the individual to analyse this subject in greater depth by suspending all his or her personal views about their surroundings. Thus being a detached observer and develop the ability to look underneath the ?surface? is a compulsory requirement."
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Sociology and Science, 2006.
This article analyzes the connection between sociology and the scientific method.
1,234 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
Sociology studies human behaviour and society. The writer points out that sociology also is a science; it subscribes to the accepted scientific method of the other natural sciences, however there is much debate and contention about the nature of the scientific method and whether it is entirely applicable to sociological discourse. The writer explains the debate and concludes that sociology is a science - but this statement has to take into account the changing view of what science is.
From the Paper
"Sociology as a discipline is part of the scientific examination and understanding of human behavior and society. In this sense, and as a science, it attempts to "... discover the causes and effects that arise in social relations among persons and in the intercommunication and interaction among persons and groups." ( Sociology) As a scientific enterprise sociology also includes within its parameters the "... the study of the customs, structures, and institutions that emerge from interaction, of the forces that hold together and weaken them, and of the effects that participation in groups and organizations have on the behaviour and character of persons." ( ibid) Sociology therefore subscribes to the accepted scientific method of the other natural sciences. However there is much debate and contention about the nature of the scientific method and whether it is entirely applicable to sociological discourse."
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The Sociology of Poverty and Welfare, 2005.
A sociological perspective on poverty and welfare, including a sociological definition of poverty, explanations for poverty and welfare, and an evaluation of the explanations.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
The paper researches the sociology of poverty and welfare. The paper identifies the conflict and individualistic and cultural perspectives in poverty and welfare, gives a description of six sociological explanations relating to the two identified perspectives of poverty and welfare, and evaluates three of the sociological explanations. Further, this paper gives a description of at least eight sociological studies of welfare and poverty, with at least four representing the different sociological perspectives, as well as four evaluations of the sociological studies. Finally, this paper provides a description of four main constraints, which could affect the work of sociologists in their study of welfare and poverty.
Statement of Thesis
Review of Literature
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Defining elements in culture are those of language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed through generation to generation. Further culture can be separated into subgroups of material culture and nonmaterial culture. Components within a culture are inclusive of symbols, gestures, language, values, norms and sanctions, folkways and mores." Those who participate in social research or sociologists place their reliance on three main theoretical frameworks which are symbolic intereactionism which is defined in the focus on languaging and human relationship elements in intimate group settings which gives emphasis to the construction and communication by the individual through use of symbols or micro-analysis. In the thinking of today there is little disagreement that there is not an existence of a definitive in poverty that is "the" end-all in relating the meaning of the existence demonstrating the meaning of poverty. Globalization is new in the theorem arena in relation to reflect on poverty. The studies that are recent in relation to: "globalization, regionalization and their local manifestation in 'globalization' revealed an extraordinary variety of micro-social" causal factors and reasons within the framework of social processes and consequences that are of a broader nature."
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Durkheim and Sociology, 2005.
An examination of the contribution that Emile Durkheim made to the field of sociology.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
Sociology is an extremely important field of study that has dramatically changed the world in which we live. This paper looks at how Emile Durkheim played a major role in shaping sociology and its theories. The discussion provides an overview of the theorist and his work and focuses on the evaluation of the validity of the theories of sociology.
From the Paper
"A book entitled Emile Durkheim, 1858-1917: A Collection of Essays, with Translations and a Bibliography describes the socialist and his theories. Durkheim was born April 13, 1958 in ?pinal, France. Epinal is located in the Vosges region of Vosges. (Durkheim, ?mile) Thought and intellectual capabilities came to him easily as his ancestors were rabbinical scholars; in fact, Emile was supposed to become a Rabbi and continue this tradition. (Durkheim, ?mile) There is very little known about his parents; the book reports that he rarely spoke about his parents. One of his most influential teachers was a Catholic woman and while under her tutorage he studied a mystical form of Catholicism. However, the book explains that Durkheim was actually agnostic."
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The Relationship between Sociology and History, 2004.
This paper raises the question of how far history, with its emphasis on the particular and on individual human factors in causation, can work in harmony with sociology.
2,135 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the development of modern historical scholarship away from an emphasis on the individual and towards a recognition of the role of social groups, such as classes and masses and large-scale economic, social, and cultural factors, has brought history and sociology into closer conjunction intellectually and methodologically. The author points out that the strong influence exerted by the academic discipline of sociology upon history during the 1960s was itself very important in bringing about this development in history?s methodological approach. The paper stresses that neither sociology nor history should take over the other discipline, but that there is a strong identity in approach and methodology that must be recognized and indeed welcomed as intellectually vibrant.
From the Paper
"Bernhard J. Stern?s observation of 1949 can be seen as an appeal for sociology to work in harmony with history; specifically, for sociologists to inform their work with an understanding of the value of historical context in providing substance to their discipline. This can be seen as an expression of a long-established critique of sociology, from the perspective of history: that it has a tendency to be abstract, to rely excessively on concepts and methodologies detached from the actual contexts of human interaction, even where the empirical study of social relationships is its starting point. For many sociologists this emphasis on abstract universal principles ? the ?nomothetic? emphasis of sociology ? is precisely the discipline?s strength and provides part of its reason for existing as a distinct discipline. It can be argued that all social science must strike an analytical balance between the general and the particular, and it has been part of sociology?s identity that it has tended to come down on the side of the general."
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The History of Sociology, 2001.
This paper traces the history of the development of the study of Sociology and examines the works of its founders , including Marx, Durkheim and Weber.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a complete overview of the development of the science of sociology. It focuses on three major players - Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber and their influence on the early stages of the science. It shows how they they helped form the basis for the three general perspectives in sociology: conflict theory, functionalism, and interactionism.
From the paper:
"It was Auguste Comte (1789-1857) who coined the term ?sociology.? He believed this new science should study the question of ?how is society possible?? (Bartek/Mullin14) He based his own science on the idea that society is composed of individuals in the same way as a line is composed of points. The focus must be on observations of society and the collections of those individuals. Because of Comte?s work, other sociologists began to study the changes in society."
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The "Bodies" Exhibit, 2007.
A description of the "Bodies" exhibit that uses plasticized corpses to display human anatomy and physiology.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the "Bodies" exhibit, one of several traveling science exhibitions illustrating human anatomy through a remarkable use of real human cadavers. The paper explains that the exhibit includes whole plasticized corpses placed in athletic poses that show off the inner workings of the human body, as well as body parts, for a more in-depth analysis of organs and systems. The paper is of the opinion that in spite of its coldly scientific vibe, the exhibit is well-managed, inspiring and highly informative.
From the Paper
"In addition to the general goriness of the exhibit, the source of the bodies has cause considerable controversy. Unlike von Hagen's, the bodies in the Seattle exhibit were those of people who died of natural causes but were unclaimed by friends or relatives (Doughton). Because they were unclaimed, the bodies were donated to a medical hospital and were later plasticized for Bodies. Dr. Sui Hongjin, a protege of Dr. Hagens, was in charge of the plasticization technique used on the bodies on display in the exhibit (Doughton)."
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