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The Welfare Mess, 2006.
A look at welfare reform measures and why they fail to benefit the poor.
905 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the welfare reform measures that have been implemented in order to address what the middle class generally regard as problems of welfare abuse. The paper asserts that many in the middle class fail to grasp the real poverty conditions under which many Americans live and that the welfare reform measures pushed forward by the middle class do nothing to alleviate problems of poverty and, instead, benefit mostly those in the middle class.
From the Paper
"Despite the fact that the United States is one of the most industrious and wealthiest countries in the world at this time, there are millions of American citizens who live in poverty. In order to cope with this phenomenon, the American government has gradually created a social safety net that lifts many out of an otherwise dismal situation. However, it is interesting to note that 'the middle class, not the poor, is the major beneficiary of the nation's social welfare spending' (Dye, 92). Ironically, 'over two-thirds of all Americans are skeptical about the needs of most welfare recipients' (Zuckerman, 1). While they support programs that directly benefit themselves, the middle class generally does not favor those programs that aid the poor. It therefore comes as no surprise that recent reforms target what are perceived as overly generous welfare packages."
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Immigration and the Welfare Mess, 2005.
Discusses issues pertaining to immigration and welfare services in the United States.
928 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses some major issues that drive debates around new and existing immigration policies in the United States. The paper also presents aspects of the present immigration policies that may need reform. Because immigration is a function of the push-pull philosophy, the U.S. nation often pulls from nations of those attempting to escape the ravages of war and even war with its country. These are the basics of what create sound immigration policies. The paper argues that the U.S.'s underlying immigration policies are thus influenced by whoever is being pulled or pushed, as well as inherent racist fears against whichever group our nation is creating. The paper further argues that U.S should not be building immigration policies on real or perceived fears.
From the Paper
"Bringing us into the twentieth century, immigration brings to mind a vision of historic Ellis Island and its many pre and post World War mass indoctrinations of new Americans. That vision does not seem to be a reality anymore. Our nation's immigration policies are far too often fueled by fears and racism. For example, many immigration and naturalization policies in the early 1900's were obvious attempts to restrict the civil rights of new immigrants and certain social or ethnic groups - Germans, for instance, had obvious difficulties immediately during and after World War I with restrictive laws such as the 1917 espionage Act, the 1918 Sedition Act, and a draft of the Civil Service Act."
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Impact of the Welfare Reforms on the Welfare System, 2002.
A paper exploring the relation between poverty and welfare reforms and the research potential of the same in the future.
2,130 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper studies how society decided that the poor should do something about their situation, they did not need to live on welfare and they should get jobs. Thus, in 1996 a welfare reform was introduced in the U.S. that came under the name of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, suggesting that the welfare provided to the poor in the nation would be temporary. The behavior of the individuals would be monitored until such a time when they changed their behavior and got jobs to support themselves. This paper studies the predictive impact of the welfare reform that took place on the poor of the urban areas and the associated factors.
From the Paper
"Most of the jobs into which welfare recipients are being pushed, while good enough for teenagers living at home with working parents, are not of much help to heads of households. Thus, not surprisingly, several studies have shown that inner-city residents cannot increase their households' incomes by taking suburban jobs.(6) Of course, a bad job is often better than no job. PRWORA, however, is not a jobs policy: it does not create new jobs. It simply assumes, in the absence of any evidence, that people will find work because they are being forced to do so. This presumption arose, in part, because of the modest success of many micro-level welfare-to-work programs that states have piloted during the past five years.(7)"
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Welfare vs. The Welfare State in Canada, 2002.
This paper covers the development and current state of the welfare system in Canada.
1,625 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
Using Ben Carniol's "Case Critical: Challenging Social Services in Canada", as well as Larry Jonston's "Politics: An Introduction to the Modern Democratic State," this paper discusses the welfare state in Canada, the development of it and its shrinkage within the past one hundred year. The author shows evidence that the modern welfare state is shrinking in today's society because of the advancement of right wing politics and the decline of Keynesianism as a solution to the problems of the people of Canada.
From the Paper
"It is important to remember that Canada did not invent the welfare state, it was merely adopted during the development of the country. It was the adoption of these welfare state ideals, that has lead Canada to develop things such as free public Health Care, Employment Insurance, public education and welfare itself. Ben Carniol (2000) explains the welfare states creation in the terms of industrial England where it first surfaced in the modern form. The creation of a welfare state began when the capitalistic owners of large factories in England were beginning to become disgruntled by the constant visitation of representatives from the numerous charitable organizations that had formed in the country to help the poor and underprivileged survive in the new society that saw the factory owners compete for profits at the expense of the men who worked for them under sometimes extremely harsh conditions. It was agreed upon that some sort of central organization for the collection of charity from the owners would be necessary to ensure that the money was going to charity and not people who had begun cheating the system in order to make money for themselves."
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U.S. Welfare Reform, 2001.
Discusses impact of 1996 legislation on female welfare recipients and their children. Key reform provisions. Characteristics of women on welfare. Weaknesses of the welfare restructuring. Annotated Bibliography.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, $ 119.95
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From the Paper
"With much fanfare, President Bill Clinton signed a welfare reform act in August 1996 that ended the federal government?s 60-year commitment to the provision of financial assistance to the nation?s citizens in need. Essentially, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) handed responsibility over to the state governments, abolished Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and set new requirements and time limits for welfare recipients.
According to Clinton and proponents of the new welfare law, the elimination of certain welfare programs and the creation of rigid requirements would provide an incentive for the poor to work, instead of relying upon the government?s financial ..."
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The Sociology of Poverty and Welfare, 2005.
A sociological perspective on poverty and welfare, including a sociological definition of poverty, explanations for poverty and welfare, and an evaluation of the explanations.
3,525 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
The paper researches the sociology of poverty and welfare. The paper identifies the conflict and individualistic and cultural perspectives in poverty and welfare, gives a description of six sociological explanations relating to the two identified perspectives of poverty and welfare, and evaluates three of the sociological explanations. Further, this paper gives a description of at least eight sociological studies of welfare and poverty, with at least four representing the different sociological perspectives, as well as four evaluations of the sociological studies. Finally, this paper provides a description of four main constraints, which could affect the work of sociologists in their study of welfare and poverty.
Statement of Thesis
Review of Literature
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Defining elements in culture are those of language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed through generation to generation. Further culture can be separated into subgroups of material culture and nonmaterial culture. Components within a culture are inclusive of symbols, gestures, language, values, norms and sanctions, folkways and mores." Those who participate in social research or sociologists place their reliance on three main theoretical frameworks which are symbolic intereactionism which is defined in the focus on languaging and human relationship elements in intimate group settings which gives emphasis to the construction and communication by the individual through use of symbols or micro-analysis. In the thinking of today there is little disagreement that there is not an existence of a definitive in poverty that is "the" end-all in relating the meaning of the existence demonstrating the meaning of poverty. Globalization is new in the theorem arena in relation to reflect on poverty. The studies that are recent in relation to: "globalization, regionalization and their local manifestation in 'globalization' revealed an extraordinary variety of micro-social" causal factors and reasons within the framework of social processes and consequences that are of a broader nature."
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Unwed Mothers Moving from Welfare to Work, 2002.
This paper is a research proposal, including an extensive literature review, which explores the relative importance of non-economic factors in predicting the level of difficulty unwed mothers will experience in moving from welfare to work.
10,210 words (approx. 40.8 pages), 62 sources, APA, $ 205.95
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Abstract
This paper is a proposal for a research project that evaluates the non economic factors faced by unwed mothers as they go to work: Personal health limitations, personal mental health problems, health and behavioral problems of dependent children, substance abuse, child welfare, domestic violence, housing instability, inadequate transportation and very low social skills. This paper includes a literature review that covers many areas such as economic issues of mal-distribution and political issues of welfare legislation especially the Welfare-to-Work Partnership. The author plans to collect data through the administration of survey questionnaires to both subjects? case workers and to the subjects themselves. Includes questionnaires.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Introduction to the Proposed Research
Description of the Issue
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
Definitions of Major Concepts
Overview of the Study
Review of Literature
Introduction
Conceptual Framework
Relevant Literature
Welfare State Concept
Welfare Reform
Employment and Welfare Reform
Welfare Reform Outcomes
Other Non-Economic Factors and Work
The Conclusions Relevant to the Study
Problem and Statement of Hypotheses
Methodology
Introduction
Research Design
Population and Sample
Data Collection
Instrumentation
Case Workers
Subjects
Subject Confidentiality
Data Analysis
From the Paper
"Past social legislation guaranteed all American citizens entitlements to food, shelter, and other basic necessities. This social contract, which prevented the need for triage, was the foundation of the American state for fifty years. In the name of personal responsibility, welfare reform has destroyed the entitlements of dependent populations. According to the welfare reform scenario, Americans would survive only by taking responsibility for themselves?the shiftless and irresponsible would lose their life-support system and sink or swim on their own."
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Welfare Reform, Women and Globalization, 2001.
The realities behind government statistics for Welfare Reform.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the realities behind the remarkable success story of the U.S. Welfare Reforms. The statistics show huge gains in employment and standard of living, but this paper shows that many of the improvements are temporary and not always correct in real terms i.e. U.S. median wage same as it was 27 years ago. Also discussed are race issues, how it is easier for whites to move out of welfare, whilst for ethnic minorities it can be seen as punitive. The paper contains many governmental figures and independent statistics showing alternative realities.
From the paper:
?The Welfare Reform Act of 1996 looks like a smashing success: it has successfully reduced welfare rolls by more than half, and cut the number of welfare recipients from 4.6 million to 2.4 million in 1999. Many welfare recipients have left the system. Instead of receiving cash grants, parents had to learn skill sand enter the labor force. They also faced a five-year lifetime limit for welfare assistance.
"But numbers are never simple. The truth is that few are thriving in this new system. The numbers show success, but if one looks beneath the surface to find out if women have truly become self-sufficient, a different story emerges. In many ways, the welfare reform act is a broken promise. Women have not truly received help to access decent jobs, and have not gained economic independence.?
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Welfare Programs, 2006.
A paper comparing the welfare programs of President Lyndon B. Johnson to present day welfare programs.
2,653 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the welfare programs under former President Johnson's "War on Poverty" to today's politically conservative approach to welfare programs. The paper contends that, while President Johnson's programs were committed to the maximum feasible participation of the poor, today's welfare policies have caused a narrowing rather than an expansion of the citizenship of the poor. The paper concludes by suggesting that the challenge for anti-poverty and labor activists now is to create a coordinated response that harnesses the progressive possibilities of the War on Poverty to contest the disenfranchisement and further impoverishment of poor mothers and their communities.
From the Paper
"For a short time, the War on Poverty expanded the local citizenship. Today, this differs from the disenfranchisement and urban disinvestment of today's policies. Commitment to maximum feasible participation of the poor has disappeared from the welfare policies of the 1980s and 1990s. Emphasis on community action and comprehensive, multiservice, community-based approaches to fighting poverty has receded from public discourse. So have calls for local community control over the assessment of community needs and the design and implementation of antipoverty programs. Contemporary welfare reform shifts control over funds for social support to the individual states, but it does not require or invite the active participation of community residents and welfare recipients in program design, resource allocation, and implementation. However, certain features that were prominent in the Community Action title of the Economic Opportunity Act have gained renewed popularity in the contemporary conservative political climate: namely, community service and decentralization."
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Child Welfare, 2002.
An evaluation of "Temporary Assistance to Needy Families" (TANF) welfare reform package to aid child welfare.
1,155 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the "Temporary Assistance to Needy Families" (TANF) package most often referred to as "welfare," which provides cash assistance and work support for low-income families with children. It discusses the effect of these new economic and social conditions on family reunification and preservation and examines the impact on the poor and needy. It also looks at the role of a child welfare worker and how it is conceivably different in 2001 than it was prior to welfare reform.
From the Paper
"In 2001, cash assistance is no longer an entitlement to low income parents raising children. Cash grants are now time-limited, and parents in need of financial help must meet a number of performance requirements. In the early to mid-1990s, prior to the passage of PRWORA, many states obtained waivers from the federal government that permitted them to put into action reforms to their welfare programs. With these state waivers and changes to the federal laws, the welfare system in the United States has undergone a dramatic alteration."
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Alternative Economic Welfare Indicators, 2008.
Looks at the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) and the Genuine Progress Indictor (GPI) as alternative indicators of economic welfare.
890 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper points out that the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) does not capture the realistic status of economic welfare because it is mainly based on monetary-related factors. The author relates that the alternative economic welfare indicators, the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) and the Genuine Progress Indictor (GPI), are interested in the actual utility of the production for improving the quality of life. Thus, these alternative indicators attempt to include non-market goods and services, which yield utility to consumers, and exclude production in dollar terms, which yield no utility or even create negative utility.
From the Paper
"By examining the five basic categories that are included in both indicators, we can see that GDP is more monetary-related based, while the alternative indicators are based on social welfare-related factors. While GDP is based on production, ISEW and GPI are more consumption based because they are thought to be more closely linked to human welfare. Thus, consumption is adjusted up or down to reflect relative changes in income equality or inequality over time."
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The State of Welfare in Canada, 2002.
An overview of the history behind the Canadian welfare state and its current advantages and disadvantages.
2,525 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper will take a look at the state of welfare in Canada. It will provide an outline of the economic, political, and social conditions that led to the establishment of the welfare state, a look at the present conditions of the welfare state, the pros and cons of the welfare state, and alternatives to government intervention in the economy. In the final analysis it will be clear that the emergence of the welfare state was, in many ways, inspired by the President Roosevelt's 'New Deal' in the US. But whereas the US has veered away from the welfare state to more laissez faire, until very recently Canada's government has maintained an active role in society. Many argue that it has been too active a role, though at other times many have argued that the Canadian model is superior to that of the US. This paper will not offer an opinion on this issue, but will argue that the Canadian welfare state is bankrupt and the government must continue to re-assess its ability to intervene meaningfully in the Canadian economy.
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The Welfare System, 2004.
This paper discusses the welfare system and argues that welfare is not a positive program for families.
1,285 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while the changes have moved in a direction that is supposed to help families get out of the system, they still fall short of the mark; welfare is bad for families because it encourages dependency on the program, which can be multi-generational. The author points out that welfare in every state pays stipends that vary in what they lay out in cash, but the payments are all well below the national poverty level and not enough to live on. The paper relates that food stamps open the door for fraud; if the family adults go to work, the entire family loses the food stamps.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Problems
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While this is a sad plight, it also proves that families can survive without the benefit of a welfare program. Welfare dependency goes deeper than financial issues. Welfare stigma can create a depression and embarrassment of the person who collects it. Welfare is frowned upon by John Q. Public and those who are on it often lose confidence in their ability to tackle their problems and overcome their plight. That defeatist attitude can be made worse each time a participant in a welfare program has to pull out a food stamp card in a store, or enroll their child in a state run free day care program. Another thing that can be discouraging is that many employers get tax benefits by hiring welfare recipients. Those recipients disclose to the employer that they receive welfare and that can be embarrassing so the recipient chooses not to look for a job at all."
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Welfare Dependency, 2006.
A review of the sociological evidence for and against welfare dependency.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of welfare dependency. Some believe that welfare programs actually facilitate the creation of a welfare culture that becomes dependent on the programs. But how true is this argument? Does the welfare system actually create the conditions of welfare dependency? Is there such a thing as welfare dependency? The paper reviews these questions and the discussions they create.
From the Paper
"For the past several decades, there has been a growing debate over the effectiveness of developing welfare states in the West. In the United States, in particular, the welfare state has been criticized heavily. In fact, despite a history of welfare dating back to the early decades of the Twentieth Century, politics in the United States still fall back on anti-welfare rhetoric. One of the major issues on which the debate has turned is the matter of welfare dependency. Some believe that welfare programs actually facilitate the creation of a welfare culture that becomes dependent on the programs. According to this argument, over time individuals are less able to function without the aid of the state. They become utterly dependent upon welfare "handouts" in order to survive. "
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Welfare Reform, 2004.
A look at the impact of welfare reform on the United States.
2,425 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how welfare reform in the United States will ultimately have largely negative economic, social, and political repercussions. It investigates four important areas impacted by welfare reform, politics, the economy, business and management and consumers, investors, and taxpayers. Each area is examined in turn, and both the positive and negative impacts of welfare reform are discussed in relation to each of the four areas. Finally, a number of recommendations for welfare reform in the United States are given based on the discussion.
Outline
Introduction
Welfare Reform
Political Aspects
Economic Aspects
Business and Management Aspects
Consumers, Investors and Taxpayer Aspects
Recommendations for Welfare Reform
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Welfare reform has a wide number of political aspects. The act of reducing the welfare rolls may have important consequences for the political makeup of a nation. For many years, the United States has moved away from a true model of laissez-faire capitalism, toward a model of capitalism tempered by many socialist ideals. Certainly, the introduction of programs like Medicare and welfare represents a political step toward many socialist ideals. As such, any discussion of welfare reform must also focus on the impact of such reform on the political makeup of the nation."
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