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War: Moral and Ethical Considerations, 2004.
A definition of the concept of a "just war" as coined by Alex Moseley.
754 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly discusses the moral and ethical aspects of a "just war" by focusing on Alex Moseley's "Just War Theory". It looks at the concept of war from a religious point of view and discusses whether any war could truly be justified.
From the Paper
"Saint Thomas Aquinas was another important person who supported the developed the concept of ?just war? wherein religious sanction was accorded under certain conditions. Saint Thomas declared that, "those who are attacked, should be attacked because they deserve it on account of some fault.". [John Raymond] He proposed three conditions namely ?just cause?, ?authorized authority? and ?rightful intention? as prerequisites for approving a war. According to him, the ruler of a nation has the authority to declare war against any other nation to restore peace and protect his own nation from an internal chaos or impending danger. St Thomas explains that the divine doctrine ?he who takes the sword will perish by it? is not applicable in the case of war because the use of sword is approved by the authority to defend the national integrity. He further justified his ?just war? theory but pointing out to the biblical injunction ?do not resist evil?. Another important aspect stressed by St. Thomas is the prevalence of the common good over individual moral considerations. That is he seems to approve of two different moral codes at the individual and collective level. [John Raymond]"
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Ethical Considerations, 2006.
A discussion on the ethical considerations of fraudulent misrepresentation and mergers and acquisitions.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how fraudulent misrepresentation, also known as fraud or deceit, is a tort based on liability for material misrepresentations, upon which a party justifiably relies, which lead to a contract or other legal relationship. It points out that the reasonable reliance clause makes the tort of fraudulent misrepresentation an acceptable part of ethics law and how the ethical ramifications of the extension of liability are enormous. It also relates that the very complexity of most mergers and acquisitions, combined with the sheer number of interested parties, makes it unlikely that a merger or acquisition can be completed without dealing with conflicts of interest or other ethical considerations.
Table of Contents
Fraudulent Misrepresentation
Mergers and Acquisitions
From the Paper
"The merger of acquisition of small companies presents different ethical issues. The first issue is that rumors of a merger might be enough to destroy a smaller business, which means that confidentiality takes on a new importance in small business mergers. The second issue is that many small businesses are funded from the outside, whether through investors, lenders, or venture capitalists. Any change in a company's ownership has to protect the interests of the people and institutions that already have an interest in the company."
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Ethical Considerations in Criminal Surveillance, 2006.
An examination of the ethical considerations in policing techniques such as video surveillance and shot detection microphones.
3,120 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper studies two technological advances -- video surveillance and shot detection microphones, both of which make police work easier, but which also raise ethical concerns. The author considers the effectiveness, usefulness and ethical considerations in using each of these two crime prevention methods. The paper cites Supreme Court decisions, focusing on fourth amendment issues to privacy.
From the Paper
"The question is how free such a society can really be. If privacy is annihilated, many other rights go with it. The situation could escalate to a "big brother" sort of society, when perfectly honest citizens are never certain about how their actions are observed and interpreted. That is why it is essential to exercise rigorous control over modern electronic surveillance methods. Of course, while a fundamental right, privacy is not an absolute right. There are cases where it is legitimate and necessary to sacrifice some privacy in order to ensure security. This is the case in places where security is a high risk, such as shops and airports. However, rigorous research needs to be done to determine the measures that should be taken to ensure safety, and the degree to which privacy should be sacrificed. Video surveillance is of course standard practice in the above-mentioned high-risk situations. However, in a public place such as a street or a park alternative measures could be considered."
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Nursing and Ethical Considerations, 2008.
This paper discusses roles, ethical considerations and the effectiveness of the acute care nurse practitioner and clinical nurse specialist.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer addresses three important themes for the acute care nurse practitioner (ACNP) and the clinical nurse specialist (CNS): ethical principles and ethical issues in patient care, professional resources available to help the ACNP, research highlighting the effectiveness of the ACNP and CNS in acute care. The writer also covers five ethical principles that guide the ACNP/CNS in their practice and notes that the move to procedure-based medicine requires the nurse to make more serious life-or-death decisions for the patient than in the past. The writer concludes that whereas the primary burden of patient care decision-making was placed on the physician in the past, the nurse must now weigh various ethical imperatives in order to make the right decision for the patient at the time.
Outline:
Introduction
Ethical Principles for the ACNP and CNS
Nonmaleficence
Utilitarianism
Justice
Fidelity
Veracity
Autonomy
Ethical Issues in Patient Care: Advance Directives
Ethical Issue in Patient Care: Clashing Ethical Requirements
Professional Resources
ACNP/CNS Effectiveness in Acute Care
Patients Spend Less Time in the Hospital
ACPN/CNS' Have Been Given Greater Responsibility
Increasing Cost Pressures Require Greater Nurse Participation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The legal aspects of patient treatment have come to the fore, but should not be regarded as equivalent to ethics issues. Much of what happens in the privacy of the intensive-care suite, the hospice or the general floors happens outside the purview of the medico-legal profession.
"Nurses make decisions today about patient care that they have not had to make in the past. Part of the reason for this is that hospitalized patients, on average, are sicker than they were in the past (mainly due to the shortened stay periods) and the need of physicians to leverage their care decisions with better-educated specialist nurses."
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Ethical Considerations for General Parkelite Company, 2004.
Discusses the ethical and moral dilemma faced by the General Parkelite Company concerning a recent discovery about General Parkelite.
1,624 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case analysis of the dilemma facing General Parkelite Company concerning the recent discovery that the formula for Parkelite was actually stolen by the company's founder. The paper discusses the ethical decision the current CEO of General Parkelite must make regarding this discovery, whether to reveal or hide it, and the implications of either decision. The paper evaluates the problem, presents a plan of action, and offers a personal appraisal of the dilemma.
From the Paper
"General Parkelite (GPC), a 75 year-old company, is a trusted corporate brand with a reputation for being straight shooting and dependable; a reputation it has gained primarily due to its carefully and continuously nurturing an organizational culture that emphasizes fair business practices. The recent discovery of an 80 year-old graph paper, proving that Hudson Parker (its founder) had stolen the formula for Parkelite, the company?s first patent in 1920, could now, however, completely damage its business reputation. As such, the discovery of the document poses an ethical dilemma for the current CEO and grandson of the founder, Hudson Parker III. On the one hand, revealing the discovery implies running the risk of perhaps irrevocably damaging the strong belief in the company?s honesty among its stakeholders, especially its 8000 employees. Failure to disclose the information, on the other hand, means living with the knowledge that a company whose culture is all about honesty and integrity has tolerated an unethical act at its very core."
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Ethical Considerations of Economic Growth, 2007.
This paper explores economic growth and its effects on welfare, justice and sustainability in Australia and developed countries.
4,035 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how economic growth in developed countries is affecting individual well-being, justice within society and environmental sustainability. This includes how economic growth damages mental health, physical health and our feelings of happiness. The paper then considers the treatment of unpaid workers and the protection afforded to the vulnerable in society. The paper also considers the lack of concern for dangerous emissions and industrial malpractices such as the dumping of waste. These issues are considered with respect to John Rawls' vision of "Justice as Fairness" and Australian Prime Minister John Howard's speech entitled, "Getting the Big Things Right".
From the Paper
"Political ideology in Australia and many developed nations emphasises the perceived importance of strong economic growth. Policy is focussed on establishing an economy where Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is rising, inflation and unemployment are low and foreign debts are zero. Much of this growth in GDP, which is the measure of total monetary transactions in the economy , is justified by a magical and unfounded belief that society is like a pipeline where money is sucked in at one end and wellbeing flows out the other . However, the world is a complex system that does not simply transform wealth into human wellbeing. The societies and environment in which we, as individuals, live is dynamic and affected by multiple factors. In 2004, Australian Prime Minister John Howard gave a speech entitled, "Getting the Big Things Right" in which he asserts that Australia would be a "fair and just society" based around a strong economy."
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Ethical Considerations in the Free Will Debate, 2000.
An introduction to the problems of 'determinism' and the 'principle of alternate possibilities'.
4,815 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the fundamental problems of the free will/determinism debate, a perennial topic in philosophy. The first part introduces the basic principles of the debate and the postulates of alternative possibilities, with their attendant implications. The writings of G. E. Moore are discussed in conjunction with the responses of Peter Von Inwagen and other meta physicians of the early 20th century. The second part continues the debate by examining the putative solutions forwarded in the late 20th century by Harry Frankfurt, and attempts a series of defenses against the Frankfurt Theorem.
From the Paper
"The subject of free will has long been a part of moral and ethical discussion. Before considering the particulars of free will, and how to interpret and apply them, it is important to understand how it relates to ethics in general. The free will debate dates as far back as Aristotle (and probably predates him), when he discusses what he terms ?voluntary and involuntary? actions. A simple way of understanding an involuntary action is that it would be an action whose motivating force comes from outside the person acting, or an action which was committed in ignorance (but not negligence); for example, giving an aspirin to someone who has a headache, and being unaware that someone in the packing plant had poisoned the aspirin, thereby killing the person it was given to, or being tricked or coerced into performing an action that they would not have committed under normal circumstances. An essential part of morality is worthiness of praise and blame. It does not seem right to praise or blame someone for something they did that was beyond their control (that they were not free in their doing of it). For quite some time an attempt to explicitly define free will was neglected (it was simply presupposed); however very recently the topic of free will, and what that means, has been reopened and pursued rigorously."
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Moral and Ethical Dilemmas of Human Cloning, 2001.
A discussion whether human cloning is justified considering the moral and ethical issues it raises.
2,720 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 7 sources, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the controversial issue of cloning. It analyzes the moral and ethical implications of cloning and whether it is correct to conduct cloning at all. The paper describes the origins of cloning, the methods currently used and the problems with the process.
From the Paper
" Cloning can basically be described as the copying of genes and other pieces of chromosomes to generate identical material. Two other types of cloning produce complete, genetically identical animals. Blastomere separation (sometimes called "twinning" after the naturally occurring process that creates identical twins) involves splitting a developing embryo soon after fertilization of the egg by a sperm (sexual reproduction) to give rise to two or more embryos (Wilmut, 998). The resulting organisms are identical twins (clones) containing DNA from both the mother and the father. The second type of cloning that is more controversial in terms of its moral and ethical implications is when the identical material that has been generated consists of the DNA of only one parent. With the innovation of the second type of cloning that came primarily with the birth of Dolly, a number of moral, social, ethical and legal issues were raised with regard to it. Religious and social organizations were outraged at the prospect of creating animals (not to forget humans) that did not involve the natural process of conception. The right to create a life, they claimed was after all ultimately in the hands of the Creator and to play around with that was tantamount to interrupting the path of Nature (Wilmut, 1998). However before one moves on to discuss the moral and ethical dilemmas of cloning, it is important to briefly study the history of this controversial process."
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The Moral Stance on Ethical Vitalism, 2002.
In support of Paul Taylor's views on ethical vitalism, this paper argues that humans must have an ethical code of behavior toward nature.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The moral stance on ethical vitalism affirms that living organisms deserve respect for their intrinsic self-worth. Humans, therefore, must simply have a certain ethical code of behavior toward nature. There approach to the living world must be life-centred, not human centred. This is the belief of Paul Taylor, who argues that the belief that human life is superior to any other living organism is flawed. While some of Taylor's assumptions have their own weakness, this essay will contend that his overall view is legitimate. There does need to be a moral stance on ethical vitalism. If there is not, then humans must concede their subjectivity in defining the worth of human and non-human life.
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Health Care Morality and Ethics, 2003.
A study of the morality and ethics relating to health care providers.
2,236 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to understand the difficulties faced by health care providers and administrators in today's medical climate and how they need handle the challenges in decision making, using proper moral and ethical guidelines. It examines how knowledge is the basis for effective decision making ,as well as the four principles that health care practitioners must consider when faced with a dilemma: autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance and justice.
Outline
Introduction
Morality and Ethics
Ethics Approaches and Theories
Means, Ends, Principles and Virtues
Section Two: Professional Roles
Surviving Professional Life Ethically
The Professional ? Patient Relationship
Special Challenges
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Knowing what you believe, how strongly you believe, and what your moral convictions are will serve you well when you face an ethical question. Self-examination is a process that should be practiced until it becomes automatic. Analyzing incidences or decisions you have made in the past will help later on when you may be the one to whom everyone else is looking for direction or advice. This is especially relevant to a health services manager because there will be many times when you will be expected to give a ?right? answer to employees, patients, or their families in a very limited amount of time. By practicing self-examination and even engaging in professional role-playing, one will become a better decision maker."
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Morality and Ethics, 2006.
A discussion of the role of morality and ethics in laws made by people.
1,663 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of morality and ethics in our society. It presents examples where morality and ethics are discussed in society, such as gay marriages. It also analyzes the concept of a business code of ethics and its implications. The paper concludes with a holistic interpretation of the role of nature in this world.
From the Paper
"As a result, there are two main ways in which ethical codes can be undermined. The first is from the bottom up, and the second is from the top down. In other words, the code might be violated by one employee, in one instance, in order to benefit themselves; or the code might be violated by the overall ethical stance of the business through lack of enforcement. Although the Enron Code of Ethics was relatively consistent in its goals, it meant nothing because an objective enforcement entity was absent. The bureaucratic framework needs to be structured such that autonomy is created between ethical enforcement and the business, rather than mutual dependence."
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Morals and Ethics, 2002.
A philosophical view of the meaning of morals and ethics in business, religion and personal settings.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed discussion about morals and ethics in business, religion and personal settings. The author takes us on an exploratory journey of the meaning of morals and ethics and discusses how they affect those areas of life. .
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Personal Morality and Ethics in Politics, 2006.
This paper examines whether personal morals and ethics have a bearing on a politician's ability to exercise leadership.
4,550 words (approx. 18.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 118.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper details the importance of personal morals and ethics in politics. This paper discusses how media coverage impacts matters of public conduct. This detailed paper also explores our society which is based on Judeo-Christian ethics and morality which expects its leaders to govern based on this philosophy.
Topics covered in this report include:
Political Leaders as Role Models
Immoral Private Behavior Puts the President in a Vulnerable Position
The President's Role in Advancing Societal Ethics
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Ethics further defines morality and is a set of standards by which acts are determined to be moral or immoral. Most professions have ethical standards that delineate acceptable behavior within the profession. These standards may or may not be subject to civil law, but they are agreed upon by members of that profession to define correct behavior within that profession."
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Value of Moral Ethics in the Life Of Ex-President Clinton, 2004.
Considers the various events that led to the admission of President Clinton?s "improper relationship" with his former intern, Monica Lewinsky.
2,171 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the moral and ethical debate surrounding former President Clinton's affair with former intern, Monica Lewinsky. In doing so, the paper compares Clinton's propensity for extra-marital affairs with that of former President Kennedy, also known to have had several extra-marital relationships. The paper notes the difference in press coverage and societal standards that made it possible for Kennedy to avoid public scandal but impossible for Clinton to avoid it. The paper also looks at the moral and ethical responsibility of a leader to be not only a proper role model, but to accept responsibility for his actions. The paper concludes by arguing that, while Clinton's behavior was unacceptable on a personal level, his service to the country was genuine and highly successful.
From the Paper
"In today?s political world, leaders are looked up to for creating a healthy social environment that is a pre-requisite for a healthy governing environment. More over, a growing population of the working class Americans is taking greater interest in ethics and values these days. Most voters link bad ethics with a person?s character. Many are of the view that a few ?bad apples? can spoil the working environment for the rest of the nation. Speaking of ethics, an individual who is well groomed should be able to act ethically without special training."
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