| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "WAGE EARNERS STEEL SECTOR": |
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Wage-Earners in the Steel Sector, 2002.
Explores the lives of steel workers in Canada over the past half century and the impact of deindustrialization on their community.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This essay will explore the experiences of wage-earners in the steel worker occupational group in Canada over the past half century. In the course of this work, interviews with three steel workers will be integrated with scholarly research to explore the changing nature of work in this industrial sector in recent decades.
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The Efficiency Wage, 2004.
This paper analyses the practice of some firms to pay a wage above the market clearing wage level called the efficiency wage.
1,920 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that some firms, especially in third world economies, will attempt to increase their profits by improving their worker productivity by paying a wage that is above the wage paid by other competing firms because, at the market level wage, workers may not get the necessary nutrients they require in order to carry out the working day's hard labor and to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The author points out that the ability of a firm to increase profits by setting these wages may not necessarily apply in other more industrialized labor markets where there is not a strong correlation between worker productivity and their nutritional intake. The paper relates that the efficiency wage model indicates that the behavior of a firm seeking to increase its profits is no longer limited to just decisions on how many workers to hire.
From the Paper
"It has been mentioned once before in this essay that efficiency wages may not necessarily hold true in today's modern, industrialized economies. However, there is empirical evidence that efficiency can hold true in an industrialized setting and not just in a subsistence one. If this is the case, then the economic rationale behind firm's setting wages above the market clearing wage, is a sound rationale. There is evidence that shirking-related employee problems are reduced when companies pay higher salaries. A study of large manufacturing companies in the United States shows that fewer workers are dismissed for disciplinary reasons when a firm pays a high rate of wage. In particular, a 10 percent increase in the wage reduced the rate at which workers were dismissed for disciplinary reasons . Hence, the economic rationale behind firms setting an efficiency wage is very plausible indeed, as back by empirical research such as this."
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Affirmative Action and Wages, 2008.
An examination of affirmative action, wage inequality and wage differentials.
2,220 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper examines affirmative action and its impact upon the wage gap found among various groups. While the initiative has met with some success, it is evident that various groups continue to lag behind. The paper looks at the advances that have taken place in recent decades as well as at the areas - mostly in enforcing compliance - where it appears affirmative action is not eliminating workplace discrimination. The paper also suggests that corporate cultures need to change. Finally, it concludes by offering a solution to the enforcement issues plaguing affirmative action in America.
From the Paper
"Interestingly, just as the different groups of women comprising the female population in America gain from affirmative action at a different rate when it comes to pay increases, some scholars argue that affirmative action really works best in industries that have a high incidence of federal contracts or in industries that, because of their high growth rates, invite more government reviews. In other industries, it appears as though the rate of compliance is not quite so high because the extent of government review and involvement is less significant (Walker, 2000). Evidently, the manner and degree of discrimination can only be sharply reduced through rigorous government oversight; simply having federal legislation in place is insufficient to reduce discrimination if those laws will not be strictly enforced. "
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Minimum Wage, 2002.
Briefly discusses the history of the minimum wage and examines some of the legal aspects concerning minimum wage.
2,172 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at a variety of aspects regarding minimum wage. It looks at the laws enacted, the rates set, and exceptions to minimum wage laws. The deterioration of the buying power of minimum wage is addressed, and statistical evidence of this deterioration is provided. Also included is an account of the economic impact of minimum wages.
Brief History of Minimum Wage
United States Minimum Wage
Minimum Wages Economic Impact
Different States Minimum Wages
From the Paper
"The minimum wage as part of the Fair Labor Standards Act was passed in the year 1938. The first minimum wage was .25 per hour. However, it has increased over the decades with now as current federal minimum wage $5.15 per hour. But even with the increases, the Coalition on Human Needs has observed that the buying power of the federal minimum wage has deteriorated by almost twenty five percent over the last twenty years (about.com)."
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Raising the Minimum Wage, 2008.
An analysis of the history of minimum wage increases in the US and whether changes are necessary in the current situation.
1,054 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses when and how minimum wage should be increased for employees. It looks at the history of minimum wage increases and then discusses the benefits and difficulties of wage increases for employers. The paper also looks at whether the minimum wage has finally reached an acceptable level which can now be deemed a livable wage or whether an increase in wages is necessary.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Doubled Minimum Wage Results
Market Demand Curve
Company Affects
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Unfortunately when wage rates rise it must be performed across all employees within a company. This will result in a significant outlay for any corporation when raises are given or wage rates change. When such changes occur there is a significant change in the lowest hourly rate which will eventually follow through to other positions including those occupied by the skilled labor forces (Edwards 10). When such increases occur margin levels must also increase in order to support such increases in the corporate salary expenses. However when such increases occur, it is inevitable that the same number of employees will continue to populate the company as what did prior to the wage increases. The fact is that wage is usually not directly proportionally to increases in margin. The aggregate unemployment rate has varied between 4% and 8% over a period of 20 years (Overall Unemployment Rate in the Civilian Labor Force). However, the numbers of employees in the skilled labor force have increase by a significant number of employees."
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Steel Tariffs, 2005.
This paper discusses tariffs, the politics of trading in the commodity of steel.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a tariff is a tax levied by a government on imports and exports, which can be a major source of revenue for governments but is usually used as a political and economic policy for the protection of domestic industries against foreign competition by making imported goods costlier than their domestic counterparts. The author points out that throughout U.S. history, various administrations have granted benefits to the country's steel and iron industry through high tariffs to keep the steel prices above the fair competitive levels; as a result of such pampering, the U.S. steel industry has failed to become economically efficient, has lacked innovation to remain competitive and been a notorious laggard in adopting new technology. The paper relates that the World Trade Organization (WTO) decision that the tariffs imposed by the U.S. government in March 2002 on steel imports was illegal because the U.S. tariffs on steel imports were illegal under global trade laws and because the U.S. had not sufficiently proven that cheap imports from overseas were the reason for the U.S. steel companies' problems.
Table of Contents
U.S. Steel Tariffs: Was it a Correct Decision?
Protective Tariffs: Main Beneficiaries and Losers
World Trade Organization on Steel Tariffs: Loss of U.S. Sovereignty? Why Did WTO Side with EU?
If All Tariffs on Steel are Removed
From the Paper
"Lower tariffs result in greater international trade in which all the countries participating in such trade benefit through the economic principle of comparative advantage. Greater international trade, stimulated by lower tariffs, result in creation of wealth and higher economic growth rates for the participating countries. Recent real life examples of the dramatic benefits of free trade and reduced tariffs abound. Economies of Asian 'tiger' countries such as Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand that followed policies of low tariffs and few trade barriers in the 1990s experienced very high growth rates. On the other hand, economies such as India, and Cuba that put up high tariff regimes and protective barriers during the same period, stagnated."
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Manufacturing Sectors in Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, 2002.
An in-depth study which compares the manufacturing sector of Jamaica with the manufacturing sector in Trinidad and Tobago and why one is more successful than the other.
12,014 words (approx. 48.1 pages), 43 sources, MLA, $ 232.95
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Abstract
This paper compares, through the application of appropriate economic models, the development of the manufacturing sub-sector in Jamaica with the manufacturing sub-sector in Trinidad in order to identify those factors that have led to higher levels of growth in Trinidadian manufacturing than those prevailing in Jamaican manufacturing. The paper asks if the differences between Jamaica and Trinidad in the effectiveness of the transmission of export gains, have contributed to differences in the growth of the manufacturing sub-sector in the two countries. It also questions whether the differences between Jamaica and Trinidad, in relation to the development of internal obstacles emanating from governmental economic policy, have led to differences in the levels of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the two countries.
From the Paper
"Throughout the decade of the 1980s, Jamaica experienced economic growth. The nation?s mean growth rate for the decade was 2.2 percent, and the Jamaican economy recorded its highest growth rate, 4.1 percent, in 1990. Subsequently to 1990, Jamaican economy performed somewhat erratically through 1994 while maintaining growth. The economy was flat in 1995 and fell into recession in 1996, where it has since remained (World Bank, 1999). Gross domestic product (GDP) in Jamaica declined 0.7 percent in 1998 (Thomas, 1999). By the spring of 1999, Jamaica?s economy was described as being in a state of "shambles" after recording its third consecutive year of recession in 1998 (Gibbings, 1999, p. 1).
The Trinidadian economy, by contrast with that in Jamaica, was in recession throughout the 1980s, experiencing mean negative growth of 2.9 percent across the decade. Trinidad experienced two years of economic growth in 1990 and 1991 before falling back into recession in both 1992 and 1993. From 1994 through 1998, however, Trinidad recorded strong economic growth, although the rate of growth steadily declined from 3.8 percent in 1994 to 3.1 percent in 1998 (World Bank, 1999). By the spring of 1999, however, Trinidad?s economy was described as being in "rapid decline" (Gibbings, 1999, p. 1). GDP growth in the first quarter of 1999 slipped to two-percent (International Monetary Fund, 1999)."
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Private vs Public Sector of the Canadian Economy, 2006.
A review of the private sector versus public sector argument with respect to labour relations and collective bargaining.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the common-refrain of the Conference Board of Canada to report that private-sector unions and management are becoming more likely to pull "closer together for the sake of survival" in the newer global economy. The paper points out that in the public sector the Board generally reports that relations are worsening. It continues that despite the fact that strife garners much more in the way of headlines than agreements negotiated good faith, the Board's statement that private-sector unions are making more of an effort to work with employers is ideological in that it creates a spin pressuring unions to reduce demands in the name of tax cuts.
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Private vs. Public Sectors in the United States, 2002.
An informal survey of diversity in the workforce of the private and public sectors of America.
2,325 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The following paper focuses on the way in which the public and private sectors differ as well as what their similarities are. In addition the writer provides examples, applications and implications of each sector and the diversity question. The writer concludes from the research that the public sector leads by example and the private sector often follows the public sectors lead. Thus, it is the writer?s opinion that the public sector has long since mandated the employment and the development of a diverse workforce.
From the Paper
?America is known throughout the world for its open arms regarding diversity. Each year countless immigrants flock to the shores of the nation to begin life anew in a place where they have heard they will receive unconditional acceptance. While it is true in many ways that America has one of the most diverse populations on earth it doesn?t mean there are never any issues when it comes to that diversity. Diversity in the private and public sector of America have different challenges presented as well as challenges that are decidedly similar. The private and public sector have been working on the diversity question for many years and while they run parallel in many ways, they are also walking their own lone path.?
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Minimum Wage and Inflation, 2002.
An argument in favor of increasing minimum wages in greater increments in order to avoid the decline of living standards from inflation.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper presents an argument for raising minimum wage increases in higher increments so that inflation does not erode living standards. The paper gives a background and history of the minimum wage explaining the original objective of the minimum wage compared to its current objective. A graph is provided showing the increase in minimum wage since its inception. Arguments are given for and against minimum wage laws. The paper also compares minimum wages in the United States with those in Canada showing how the law affects women and workers in the two countries. The paper discusses whether the minimum wage is appropriate for the future economy.
From the Paper
"Minimum wage is the lowest hourly salary that an employer is allowed to pay an employee for services rendered. The Federal Labor board sets the minimum hourly labor rates. The lowest hourly rates are decided by a *collective bargaining, an arbitration and a board action legislation. Minimum wage laws were passed to ensure that employees are reasonably compensated."
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Minimum Wages, 2002.
This study will look at minimum wages through a cost-benefit perspective.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
It makes no aims at solving the minimum wage debate, but does hope to provide the reader with a firm footing on the subject whereby s/he will be able to draw their own reasoned opinions and conclusions. For all readers, the unavoidable impression is that minimum wages, along with all price floors, interfere with the operation of market forces. In the case of genuine social problems, this is sometimes a good thing, when the benefits of intervention actually exceed the associated costs. With minimum wages, however, the results do seem to be at odds with the desired outcome. The evidence seems to suggest that minimum wages tend, on the whole, to increase unemployment in the low-skilled labour market; generally the very area that minimum wages seek to ameliorate. So, while the jury is still out on the effects of the minimum wage, it seems fair to say that regions that employ minimum wages should at the very least adopt a more cautious position on their use.
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Minimum Wage, 2004.
Analyzes the case against the minimum wage in America.
1,330 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the minimum wage and, in particular, why it does not work in America today. It looks at how the federal minimum wage was created to ensure American workers received adequate and fair wages during the Great Depression, when jobs were scarce and wages were abysmally low and how, today, the federal minimum wage stirs controversy and ire in many areas of American politics and business. It evaluates how the federal minimum wage has served its usefulness and how many believe there are now better ways to ensure workers receive adequate wages.
From the Paper
"Along with job loss, raising the minimum wage can also have severe affects in many other areas of the American economy. A rising minimum wage can make it more difficult for people to return to the workforce from welfare, and it can encourage high-school students to drop out, as many studies have shown, including this one: "Minimum wage jobs are often thought of as 'entry-level' jobs. The evidence in our data supports this view. Among the workers earning the minimum wage in the second year of our panels, 39.4% were not employed in the prior year" (Even & Macpherson, 2003, 676). This seems to support the theory that many high school and college-aged young people are leaving school for jobs."
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Minimum Wages vs. The Working Poor., 2002.
Examines the potential effects of Canada's minimum wage policy.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This study examines the potential effects of Canada's minimum wage policy and finds that, based on the available evidence, certain sectors of Canada's workforce have the potential of be being negatively affected by minimum wage policies. Increased unemployment among lower wage workers and increased poverty are the policy's most visible consequences. Here, critical look at the country's minimum wage policy is taken and its negative qualities are brought to the fore. In the final analysis, it is argued that minimum wage policy is something that should be carefully reconsidered, if not abolished outright.
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The Steel Industry, 2005.
This paper analyzes the steel industry in the United States.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the steel industry is a major determinant of economic health and is itself much affected by economic changes in both the macro- and micro-economy. The author points out that steel has a particular role in construction today; therefore, the degree of health in the construction industry, especially for commercial construction, affects the demand for steel. The paper relates that the domestic steel production attempts to meet the demand, to reduce imports of steel from other parts of the world while trying to increase its own ability to export steel.
From the Paper
"The steel industry is a major determinant of economic health and is itself much affected by economic changes in both the macro- and micro economy. Steel has a particular role in construction today, and the degree of health in the construction industry, especially for commercial construction, affects the demand for steel. Domestic steel production tries to meet the demand and often tries to reduce imports of steel from other parts of the world while trying to increase its own ability to export steel. Other countries also take a protectionist stance toward steel, with varying results. The demand for steel is only somewhat price elastic and is governed more by need, given that substitutes are few, especially for construction uses. Steel prices are affected by economic health, construction demand, automobile industry needs, market conditions, and general economic conditions. Steel is used in thousands of products as well as for big projects."
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An Argument Against Raising the Minimum Wage, 1999.
An economic analysis of the pros and cons of raising the minimum wage, including the Republican vs. Democrat viewpoint. Concludes from points raised that raising the minimum wage would harm society and the economy rather than help it.
1,579 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This is an economic paper that argues that although partially beneficial, raising the minimum wage would in fact harm society and the economy more than it would help. The Republican versus Democratic views are compared and contrasted. Moreover, many economic issues such as the business cycle, and supply and demand, and taxes are implied and/or discussed.
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