| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "VIOLENT HABITUAL OFFENDERS": |
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Violent Habitual Offenders, 2005.
A discussion on whether violent repeat offenders should be committed beyond the limits of their jail terms.
1,427 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In 1997 the Supreme Court established a precedent for detaining a habitual violent criminal beyond the limits of his prison term in the case of 'Kansas Vs. Hendricks'. Judge Clarence Thomas wrote the majority opinion, which stated that the Kansas statute allowing the action neither violated the civil rights of the defendant nor constituted ex post facto lawmaking. This paper examines the issue of committing violent repeat offenders and looks at other options beyond the obvious choice of prison.
From the Paper
"The prediction of future behavior is a concept that is not recognized in American jurisprudence. The law and the constitution hold that a person may not be deprived of life and liberty without due process. Due process is not defined as including any prediction of future behavior by any panel of experts, medical or judicial. From this perspective, committing a person because he is judged to have a mental condition that would make him likely to commit the crime again would be patently unconstitutional. The compulsion to commit an offense, a previous record of certain offenses or a psychiatric pathology that usually results in a type of behavior in no way is a guarantee that the offense will be committed."
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Rehabilitation of Non-Violent Ex-Offenders, 2006.
An analysis of critical success factors for a reform and rehabilitation program to support non-violent ex-offenders.
6,135 words (approx. 24.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 144.95
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Abstract
This study focuses on the potential benefits of a rehabilitation and support program for non-violent ex-offenders in the community. The intent of the research is to gain insight regarding the critical elements necessary for a rehabilitation program to succeed and help reduce rates of recidivism in the community. After conducting an extensive preliminary literature review, the paper shows multiple critical success factors for a successful ex-offender support program. In addition to the literature review, the researcher proposes further investigation and field research that examine inmates' views and opinions regarding the potential benefits of a rehabilitation program for nonviolent ex-offenders.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Problem and Objectives
Background Of The Problem
Significance of the Study
Preliminary Literature Review
Ex-Offenders Problems
Programs In Other Countries
Opinions On Programs To Aid Ex Offenders
Benefits Of Rehabilitation
Programs That Work
Social Support For Ex-Offenders
Summary of the Research
Methods
Results
Limitations Of Study
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"Every year more than 600,000 people are released from prison, and this number continually grows (Petersilia, 2005). Studies suggest that up to 93 percent of inmates are released at some point in time (Petersilia, 2005). The needs of ex-offenders continue to grow as fewer and fewer rehabilitation programs exist to house and enable ex-offenders to gain meaningful employment. Reentry programs are vital to the success of ex-offenders and may substantially impact rates of recidivism among ex-offenders (Petersilia, 2005)."
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Ethical Punishments for Non-Violent Offenders, 2002.
An examination of the current prison system and the changes that need to be made. Shows that non-violent criminals deserve better treatment than violent offenders.
1,859 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
What punishment does a non-violent criminal deserve? This paper shows how an examination of the U.S's current system's problems is necessary in order to understand how a solution will work. The paper asks if an eclectic approach could improve the current system and society as a whole. The paper tries to prove that a Commission should be set up to dictate the regulations of a new system that would allow non-violent criminals to be rehabilitated while receiving a punishment fit for the crime that was committed.
Table of Contents
Non-Violent Crime: An Overview
Internally-Based Prison Problems
Overcrowding
Recidivism
Making Non-violent Criminals Violent
Fights and Rapes
Stabbings and Beatings
In Prison Solutions
Drug Treatment
Boot Camp
Prison Commissaries
Out-of-Prison Punishments for Non-Violent Criminals
Intense and Inclusive Probation
Drug Treatment
Residential Restitution and/or community service
Day Reporting
Electronic Monitoring
Community-Based Employment Opportunities
Trouble shooting
Noncompliance
Increase in probationary case loads
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A nonviolent crime is a crime committed in which no person is physically injured. Of the nonviolent crimes committed in America, only one in three are reported to police. The police arrest an estimated 20% of those crimes reported which means there are approximately seven arrests for every one hundred crimes. Of these arrests, the prosecution throws out nearly 50% and the rest are usually sentenced. The sentencing usually consists of nearly 50% going to jail or prison. In other words, in total, two people are incarcerated for every one hundred crimes committed (Colson & Van Ness, 1991, p. 70)."
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Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders, 2002.
The rise in violent juvenile crime, its origins and suggestions for improvement.
1,585 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the phenomenon of violent juvenile offenders and explores the reasons and theories behind it. It begins by examining the "gang violence" culture which breeds many violent youth. It then examines the interplay between violent and non-violent crime and shows how often those who begin with non-violent move quickly to violent if not correctly guided. The writer then looks at misconceptions about juvenile dlinquency and its origins. The writer concludes with stressing the importance of avoiding incarceration, so as not to create career criminals.
From the Paper
"At the same time, the nature of juvenile crime has changed significantly. The United States has seen a notable increase in gangs and gang violence. This can be blamed in part on the popularization of gangs, which were at one point limited to blighted sections of Los Angeles and other cities. Drug prohibition has provided these groups with a revenue stream; gangs have provided a more dynamic distribution system for scheduled narcotics than traditional organized crime. Unlike many traditional merchants or racketeers, teenagers from lower income families without other job prospects willingly undertake the political risks associated with the sale of these narcotics."
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The Sexually Violent Offender, 2006.
This paper analyzes the characteristics and behavior of violent sexual offenders.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper distinguishes between two specific types of sexually violent offenders which include the impulsive offender and the ritualistic offender. This paper delves into the main characteristics of the impulsive offenders who exudes control and power over their victims. The writer analyzes the extremely complex psychological and mental factors that must be considered when attempting to understand why certain individuals choose to commit these acts of crime. This paper explores the correlation between aggression, anger and sexual arousal in individuals who are prone to acts of sexual violence. This paper also cites various experts in the fields of psychology and sex related crimes which are relevant to this specific topic.
From the Paper
"A central aspect of the impulsive offender is control and power over the victim. Violence is also often excessive in order to facilitate the level of control that the offender desires. There is however little evidence of paraphilic behavior as this form of behavior is essentially fantasy free.
The article points out through close comparisons that there are marked differences between the impulsive and ritual offender. The most prominent difference is the extreme planning and preparation with regard to the fantasy dimension that characterizes the ritual offender."
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Vocational Programs for both Offenders and Non-Offenders, 2001.
A look at various educational programs for prisoners and the possible benefits thereof.
4,400 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 25 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the educational programs available for prisoners. The author discusses the controversial topic of prisoner education, the type of skills and rehabilitation that prisoners can acquire and the economic issues concerned. The author argues that the cost of housing a prisoner are higher than educating one and that the possible behavioral and life skills that prisoners may learn are beneficial in that they not only improve prisoners morale, self-esteem and academic level, they also produce positive behavior and provide an alternative for prisoners when they are released back into public life.
From the Paper
'Providing all individuals with educational services is a fundamental value in the American society. Discipline and education has been the mainstay of prison programs for inmates since the early years of our penal history. However, providing inmates with an education is a controversial issue, and presents a difficult dilemma to be confronted by tax-paying citizens. There are many conflicting opinions regarding whether we should strive to rehabilitate rather than to merely punish inmates. Yet, when one carefully considers the average cost to provide quality education against the cost of keeping one inmate adequately housed and fed for one year in a state or federal institution, the question becomes, ?How can we afford not to educate??'
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Violent Juvenile Sex Offender, 2005.
This paper provides a simulated court case of a juvenile that has committed violent sex crimes.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper is a mock court case of a juvenile sex offender. The writer describes how the state's attorney first makes a case, based on the nature of the crime, the accused's criminal history, and family environment. The writer continues to show how the defense then refutes each of these three arguments, calling for leniency. Finally, the writer demonstrates that the court gives its final decision, based on the evidence provided, the sources used and the arguments that were made.
From the Paper
"The state will, in their argument, ask that the defendant, a 12 year old sex offender, be remanded to the adult court system. This transfer from juvenile court is being requested on the grounds that the defendant has committed adult crimes, both in this case and in the past, and that rehabilitative measures and the juvenile justice system are not adequate to hold him. The arguments that the state shall make are that this crime, in particular, is particularly heinous and violent in nature, that the defendant's history proves that rehabilitation and juvenile confinement will not prove successful, and that the defendant's parent has not and will not be able to monitor and rear this individual. The first thing that we shall look at in the case of the defendant is the crime in question."
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Imprisonment of Drug Offenders, 2001.
Argues that non-violent offenders should not be incarcerated as it is not an effective solution to widespread drug abuse.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"This paper is a discussion of the question of whether or not nonviolent drug offenders should continue to be imprisoned. Since the early 20th century, the use of narcotics and other controlled substances has been seen as evil, destructive, and morally reprehensible, and the national anti-drug policy that has slowly evolved since then has developed into a war on drugs that usually leads to prison. With the institution of mandatory sentencing, the possession, use, and sale of illicit drugs has come to account for a significant portion of all arrests and convictions, at a considerable cost to the legal system. Yet harsh penalties have not resulted in a substantial reduction in drug use and have instead filled already overcrowded prisons with offenders whose principal crime has been against themselves. While the majority of Americans oppose legalizing .."
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Juvenile Offenders, 2002.
A discussion of whether juvenile offenders should be tried as adults.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper examines, through a literature review, the issue of whether juvenile offenders should be punished in the same way as adults in light of the increase of crimes involving juvenile offenders and also the level of violence associated with such crimes. In response to the perceived skyrocketing in juvenile crime, states throughout the country have passed a variety of measures to send more juvenile offenders to criminal court. Historically our criminal justice system has encouraged law enforcement officials and prosecutors to focus on rehabilitation when it comes to juvenile offenders since law enforcement officials, prosecutors, and researchers believed that youths often make mistakes and are more able to learn and re-train their behavior than adult offenders who are often more jaded and violent. It evaluates how the decision to prosecute a juvenile offender as an adult has momentous consequences for the individual involved, with the juvenile offender frequently being confined with the general adult inmate population, arguably increasing the likelihood of recidivism since the juvenile offender will be exposed to ?new? crimes as well as techniques for avoiding punishment.
From the Paper
"There is a large array of literature concerning juvenile offenders and the issue of whether juveniles should be tried as adults. Presently there are three possible mechanisms used to allow juvenile offenders to be tried as adults. Judicial waiver involves a juvenile court judge transferring an adolescent to criminal court based on, among other things, the seriousness of the crime, the offender?s history, and the chances of the offender repeating his or her act. (Steinberg). Direct file policies allow the prosecutor to decide whether to file charges against a juvenile offender in criminal or juvenile court. (Steinberg). Finally, under statutory exclusion, certain categories of juveniles are automatically tried in adult criminal court. (Steinberg). Statutory exclusion is generally determined by a combination of age and the seriousness of the offense. (Steinberg)."
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First Time Offenders, 2005.
This paper is a detailed report of a research project to discover what average people think of when they hear about the sentencing process as it pertains to first time offenders.
2,405 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the research polled 320 (N=320) random individuals through a survey that gathered personal data and a scoring system of four dependent variables: (1) How serious is the offense?, (2) How much do you believe the offender deserved the penalty?,
(3) How pleased are you with the penalty the offender received? and (4)
Based on the crime, how fair do you believe the penalty is? The author points out that, based on this research, especially among persons who have been victims of crimes, a criminal history should play a major role in the sentencing process and that first time offenders should be treated differently than repeat and violent offenders. The paper relates that an assumption can be made that, even though offenders with no prior record merit less serious punishment, they also may be subject to a prejudicial jury in some instances. Many statistical tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Methods and Materials
Results Section
DV 1: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: How Serious this Offense?
DV 2: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: Did the Offender Deserve the Penalty?
DV 3: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: How Pleased are You with this Penalty?
DV 4: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: How Fair is the Penalty?
Discussion Section
Appendix: Statistical Tables
From the Paper
"Over the last few decades, local, state and federal prisons throughout the United States have inmate populations that are steadily rising may even be as high as two million strong. This has added a great strain on society and of course the entire incarceration system. The media during this period of increased prison populations have proclaimed that the overall national crime rates have ironically fallen to new lows. This may imply that the public may have less to fear in regard to crime and victimization, but still policymakers and society should address sentencing policies so as to ensure that we are best utilizing punishment policies that ensure the safety of the masses and provides a reasonable rehabilitative opportunity for offenders. "Public opinion plays an important role in the sentencing process in Canada and elsewhere.""
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Youthful Offenders Under British Law, 2006.
A research into how youthful offenders are handled by British Law.
2,108 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper researches the British legal system with regards to youthful offenders and the sentencing of juvenile offenders in British Courts. This research shows that more studies are necessary in order to develop a program to better assist young offenders in the British legal system.
Contents:
Research Proposal Objective
Statement of the Problem
Introduction
Methodology of the Research
Age of Juvenile Offender According to General British Law
Alternative Sentencing Solutions Available in British Courtrooms
Youthful Offenders: Custodial Sentence
Argument Both For and Against Custodial Sentencing of Young Offenders
Findings
From the Paper
"The age of 'responsibility' or 'accountability' in the criminal justice court in England and Wales is the age of 10. Juveniles in the age range between 10 and 17 years old must appear before a youth court upon receiving a criminal charge A National Institute of Justice report states that "the sanctions available to youth courts are more restricted than those for adult courts, the major differences being that fines can be imposed which parents must pay and supervision or attendance center orders may be imposed." (NIJ Report) Options exist that may be pursued in lieu of typical trial on the case the defendant is charged under. For example, the following options are available in the British Court/Legal System. Alternatives to trials exist, according to the National Institute of Justice Report due to the possibility of a "formal caution administered by the police, used disproportionately for young offenders...." Stated is that a caution of a formal nature makes as a requirement that specific conditions be met. Inclusive in these requirements is that the offender: (1) admit to the offense; and (2) The offender and their guardian must be willing to "proceed as the police wish".
The following is stated in relation to Youth Courts which are one within the division of various Special Courts: Courts. Youth courts are specialized magistrates' courts that adjudicate cases involving defendants less than 18 years of age. There are restrictions on the access of the public and press to such courts. The defendant and any other witnesses under 18 years old must not be identified. "
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The Gender Distribution of Sex Offenders, 2005.
Dispels the myth that sexual offenders are exclusively male.
2,948 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
In the last fifty years, there has been a strong shift in the attitudes and beliefs that deal with sexual abuse and sexual offenses. This is particularly true when it comes to female sexual offenders and the rates at which they abuse others. This paper shows that the rates are actually much higher than were first thought and, most alarmingly, the rates of child sexual abuse are also rising. This appears to be the case for female sexual offenders as well as male sexual offenders, but some of this could come from the fact that female sexual offenders are just now beginning to be recognized in larger numbers. In other words, the abuse may have been just as prevalent in the past, but the rates at which it was reported and believed were much lower. The paper shows that, due to this, it was assumed that females did not commit sexual crimes. When most people, even today, think of sexual offenders, they assume that the perpetrator is male and the victim is female. This paper shows that in reality, this is not always the case.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Prevalence
Judicial and Mental Health Decision Making
Formal Culture
Training Initiatives
Organizational Policies
Crime Reports
DSM-IV and Sex Offending
Informal Cultures
Culture of Denial
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Individuals that are female, or 'feminine,' are considered to be nurturing, caring, protecting, non-aggressive, and non-sexual (Denov, 2003). Because of this, the idea that they might harm someone, especially in a way related to sexuality, is almost impossible for some individuals to comprehend, even if their knowledge and training tells them a different story. The sexual scripts that most people live by are not only heterosexual, but gender-based as well. Asking people to suspend this type of 'normal' thinking to say that a women is completely capable of a sexual offense is something that even those that are educated about the issue struggle with frequently (Denov, 2003). This could be part of the reason why so many women that are suspected of sexual offenses or even charged with them escape with little to no punishment by the judicial system and often do not spend as much time in counseling for their 'problem' as their male counterparts."
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Abuse of Male and Female Offenders in Prisons, 2002.
An examination and analysis of the many issues related to the abuse of male and female offenders in prisons.
926 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by giving a general introduction to crime and its main causes. It then analyzes and examines the multitude of issues related to the abuse of male and female offenders in prisons. In the second part of the paper the writer discusses the nature and extent of this abuse. In the concluding section, recommendations are offered for improving the relationship between male and female offenders and prison officials. This is in order to eliminate or at least reduce the level of abuse of offenders in prisons. The paper argues that only when government, law enforcement officials, and society ensure that offenders have the same basic human rights as non criminals, will the practice of abusing inmates end.
From the Paper
"Few issues transcend all economic, educational, ethnic, occupational, political, religious, and social lines and impact all individuals, either directly or indirectly. Crime is one such issue, affecting all individuals and society, both economically and non-economically. The main causes of crime are relatively simple to identify, i.e., lack of affordable housing, lack of high-paying jobs for lower and middle class wage earners, lack of trust between citizens and police officers, racial tensions, rising unemployment, etc. However, while the main causes of crime are relatively easy to identify, few effective and viable solutions to eliminating and/or reducing crime have been identified and implemented".
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The Seclusion of Sex Offenders is Not an Isolated Issue, 2002.
An argument for the harsh punishment of sex offenders while examining the various legal and social issues involved.
3,133 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
Many sexual predators have admitted that they cannot control their urges to sexually and violently abuse women and children. This paper advocates that more strict legislative measures are needed that would prevent vulnerable individuals from being raped, abused and possibly killed by essentially "incurable" predators. It puts forward the proposal that if people were assured a harsh punishment if they were to commit a crime, they would be less likely to be able to justify their criminal actions as being ?worth the risk?. It discusses the holes in current legislation and how offenders are often not required to undergo sex offender treatment or evaluation and they are released into the community without being forced to adhere to sex offender registration laws and evaluates Megan's law. Megan's Law refers to the series of laws introduced in New Jersey following the murder of seven year-old Megan Kanka who was kidnapped, raped and murdered by her neighbor, a twice convicted sex offender who had committed a similar crime only months before. It analyzes the increasing public awareness and concern about crime together with intense media focus on the issue.
From the Paper
"According to Princeton University professor John DeIulio, ?almost half of the country's 671,000 parolees and probationers are caught committing serious new offenses within three years? (Feinsilber, 1997). Many sexual predators have admitted that they cannot control their urges to sexually and violently abuse women and children. For this reason we should not allow these dangerous criminals to terrorize our neighborhoods, schools and homes. It is therefore my contention that more strict legislative measures are needed that would prevent vulnerable individuals from being raped, abused and possibly killed by these essentially "incurable" predators."
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The Rehabilitation of Sex Offenders, 2002.
This paper scrutinizes various treatment methods available for sexual offenders (including sexual assault, incest and paedophilia) as well the future and societal issues concerning this problem.
2,717 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 14 sources, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper endeavours to explore the different types of treatment employed in the rehabilitation process for sex offenders and what the current and future societal issues surrounding offender treatment are. It defines what a sexual crime is, what types of sexual offenders there are and the various styles of treatment that are currently employed to battle this type of psychosis. It looks at matching the type of treatment most influential to the different type of sexual offender and highlights some future concerns society needs to address in order to continue the research the rehabilitation of the sexual offender effectively.
From the Paper
Incest offenders usually do not have long criminal histories before the current charges, and most are being convicted for the first time. They are the most minimising and denying of the sexual offender sorts and will be adamant that it happened 'only once', that the child ?propositioned? them, that alcohol was to blame, etc. Destroying this system of denial and twisted beliefs is necessary and can perhaps best be achieved in tandem with family-based therapy. Within a correctional institution setting, endeavours must be made to contact the family and/or social service networks dealing with the family so as to successfully face the offender
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