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Urban Planner Patrick Geddes, 2005.
This paper explores the visionary contributions of Sir Patrick Geddes to modern urban planning.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Patrick Geddes' contribution to the'garden city' concept of urban planning, a movement that gained strength throughout the twentieth century. The author points out the impact of Geddes upon urban planning thinkers such as Lewis Mumford and Ebenezer Howard. The paper relates that these planners owe a great deal of their own views to Geddes' firm belief in the marriage between the city and the urban landscape and between nature and human creation.
From the Paper
"This paper explores the impact of Patrick Geddes upon the development of contemporary urban planning. Chiefly, this paper focuses upon Geddes' contribution to the 'garden city' concept towards urban planning as that movement gained strength throughout the twentieth century. In particular, this paper examines Geddes' undeniable influence upon later thinkers - most famously Lewis Mumford. In the final analysis, perhaps no short paper can make complete sense of Sir Patrick Geddes, but the very exploration of the man is a rewarding and illuminating pursuit in and of itself. "
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Regional Planner Patrick Geddes, 2005.
This paper discusses Patrick Geddes and his contribution to the idea of regional planning.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that that Sir Patrick Geddes was one of the founders of town planning as a profession. The author points out that Geddes was the first in Britain to use "landscape architect" as a professional title. The paper relates that he derived his ideas from a study of evolution under T.H. Huxley and, in turn, Geddes'greatest influence was through his student Lewis Mumford.
From the Paper
"Patrick Geddes (1854-1932) was a Scottish biologist and town planner. He made use of the theory of evolution, which he studied with T.H. Huxley, using it as a basis for his ethics, history, and town planning. For instance, he created "a botanical garden for the University of Dundee which aimed to show the relationships between groups of plants and also their historical significance" (Turner para. 1). He carried this into his work in different ways, producing the key book Cities in Evolution in 1915. Sir Patrick Geddes was one of the founders of town planning as a profession and was the first in Britain to use "landscape architect" as a professional title (Turner para. 1)."
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Urban Planner Lewis Mumford, 2005.
This paper examines the role of organic urban city development as pioneered through the genius of Lewis Mumford.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the fusion of naturalism and industrialization in urban planning as presented in Lewis Mumford's Organic Theory. The author includes aspects of urban planning such as more municipal land control, less mechanization in urban planning and organic balance in cities of steel, which were the innovation of Lewis Mumford. The paper relates that these three concepts demonstrate how Mumford helped to forge a city, which included nature within the formation of the new modern American city.
From the Paper
"This study examines the role of organic urban city development, as pioneered through the genius of Lewis Mumford. By evaluating the issues of industrialization and the growing problems of privatized capitalism of his times, Mumford offered a newer public array of city planning that would infuse naturalism into modern cities. By the acceleration of industrialization slowly eroding the overpopulating cities of America, Mumford forged a new path by offering a balance between capitalistic interests and the organic beauty of Nature that created healthier and more open city environments."
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Urbanization and Rural Urban Migration in China, 2006.
A discussion on the emerging-entrepreneurial class and rural urban migrations in China.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses urbanization and rural urban migration in developing countries. In particular, the paper discusses the role that the entrepreneurial class, made up most of rural peasant migrants, has had on China. Basically these individuals are responsible for all of the political and economic changes in China.
From the Paper
"Urbanization and rural-urban migrations are two very closely related phenomena. According to K. Jegasothy in "Population and Rural-Urban Environmental Interactions in Developing Countries," urbanization is conventionally defined as a process of spatial movement of a population towards towns and cities and their resulting expansion" (Jegasothy 1031). Urbanization is the direct result of rural-urban migrations. This is because urbanization is caused by people from rural areas moving into cities and towns. The rate of urbanization and rural-urban migrations has been increasing in recent decades."
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Carol Geddes 'Growing Up Native', 2005.
A review of the story 'Growing Up Native' by Canadian Carol Geddes.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This short essay explores the story 'Growing Up Native' by Canadian First Nations' writer, Carol Geddes. This paper discusses how in her story she discusses the effects of the Alaskan highway, missionaries, alcohol and drug abuse had on her community and herself, but also offers hope.
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Anne Geddes: A Biography., 2002.
A bio of the photographer Anne Geddes and a look at her work involving babies and children.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This three-page undergraduate paper is in the form of a brief biography of Anne Geddes, a famous Australian photographer whose photographs of babies and children have become very popular in recent years.
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Urban Planning in Canada, 2008.
This document discusses the need for greater urban planning across Canada.
1,535 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that if Canada wishes to maintain its advantage in sustainability and environmental leadership, it must continue to implement urban planning as a core strategy of sustainable development. The paper focuses on the greater Toronto area and discusses how urban planners have defined its geographic boundaries by the character of the surrounding geography itself. The paper shows, however, how its overall boundary making strategy may not be as clear as it could be. The paper concludes that without the technology to remap the region for various purposes, assigning requisite resources for specific purposes would be very difficult indeed for the city's urban planners. The paper includes two color maps of Toronto.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Urban Boundaries in Planning
Determining Borders as Urban Planning
Urban Planning Characteristics
Conclusion
From the Paper
"European settlers, across the breadth of Canada, have long utilized boundary setting and the definition of geographical boundaries for both cartographic and political purposes. This began with the earliest colonization of the Canadian provinces and continues, to one degree or another, today. Harris points out that the expansion of the suburbs following World War II created growing strain on Canada's cities and its natural environment that was quickly recognized as a threat vis-a-vis sustainability (2004). Yet, with the ever expanding population following the war, due both to natural population growth as well as to Canada's ever-more friendly immigration policies, urban planning became not only a benefit to sustainable development but a necessity."
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The Urbanization Process, 2002.
Looks at global variations in levels of urbanization and the relationship between urbanization, economic development and social conditions.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
For people who live in a country such as Canada, most are aware of the prominence of urban centers. In fact, the majority of people live and work in urban areas in most, if not all, industrialized countries. But this only serves to focus attention on topics such as global variations in levels of urbanization as well as the relationship between urbanization, economic development and social conditions. These topics will be covered in the analysis of this paper.
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Urban Culture and Innovation, 2007.
This paper explains how urban culture and society impacted and shaped achievement in science and in technology, especially as discussed by Lewis Mumford.
3,760 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of the urban ecosystem in expediting the exchange of ideas, in creating vast local markets for new products, in forcing urban planners and engineers to look at new ways of meeting the pressing exigencies brought about by dynamic growth, and in concentrating human and productive resources in a geographically discrete location so that they can be exploited fully. The author points out that Lewis Mumford relates that, in the early American towns, businesses, in ceaseless competition, sought innovations to stay "one step ahead". The paper states that Mumford argues that the essential "garden city", which incorporates nature into the urban world and vice versa, actually existed in the colonial America of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
From the Paper
"One of the more controversial items Mumford raises in his work is the view that the urban community and the culture springing from it are not simply phenomena intrinsically designed to build human wealth and/or to fulfill basic human needs. Perhaps, at one time, that was indeed the case, but Mumford insists that the modern urban society is pre-eminently one in which the "conquest" of nature and the "control of life" are the chief aims of those who wield power over the productive appendages of the mega-machine."
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Urban Sociology, 2008.
This paper discusses the term and the concept of urban and looks at how the urban setting directly impacts the social relations that are conducted within it.
1,207 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer looks at the meaning of the term urban and discusses the extent that the urban setting shapes the social life which occurs within it. The writer notes that these issues are closely interrelated. This paper argues, the term "urban" must be understood as a sociological concept whose characteristics fundamentally define the social relations that occur within the urban space. The writer concludes that models of human social behaviour, such as civility, are developed in urban settings as a means of coping with the stresses of population densities as well as a cultural production that is deeply intertwined with economic and emotional relationships of humans as groups and as individuals.
From the Paper
"The relationship between the urban setting and the social life that occurs within it is thus complex but clear. The population densities and uses of space that physically characterize urban settings lead to a range of impacts upon social relations that, in many cases as in the cultural realm, seem indirect and would likely not be predicted. To use a metaphor, within a physical setting human population densities increase until a "critical mass" is attained, at which point "urbanity" comes into existence with an explosion of social and cultural forms that are distinct to urban life.
"Consider, for example, the arguments of some urban sociologists that the urban setting has led to a radical revisioning of fundamental human social interactions."
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Urban Development, 2005.
This paper discusses that the development of the city has been a combination of both laissez-faire and planned forces.
2,330 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the relationship between laissez-faire city building and professional city planning is a complex one to examine because city planning is influenced by a combination of sporadic growth and the meticulous planning of professional developers, political leaders and outside forces. The author points out that the most obvious causes of laissez-faire urban growth are sudden bursts of economic culture and political posturing; however, even these cities, experiencing random growth, have been carefully planned or they would not have been able to accommodate the population bursts associated with the history of cities. The paper relates that San Diego is an example of an urban area, which was developed over time without the sporadic growth of industrial centers to conflict with its overall planning; although it is eight times its size since the 1900s, because the development of the city has been slow, urban planners and architects have been able to design it to be the optimum example of modern city growth.
From the Paper
"The growth of ancient cities into modern ones entails many chance and random coincidences. The fact that London and Paris has stood as such cultural and economic powerhouses is due in a large part to their status as capitols of major countries, whereas other cities such as Sussex have fallen into relative minority status even though they were once also giants of industrial growth. The concept of city growth is in line with a familiar concept of economic change, therefore when cities suddenly experience an influx of immigration due to industrial growth, city planners are more concerned with accommodating the new residents with space rather than thinking of the future convenience of roads and congestion. Thus in many of these ancient cities that have been modernized in the current era, living conditions are poor and traffic congestion has become an enormous problem".
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From the Rural to Urban Areas: China and India, 2004.
This paper discusses the problems of urbanization, industrialization, and housing security in China and India as their populations immigrate from rural to urban areas.
2,565 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the spectacular growth and development of the urban habitation over the past 16 years is just the beginning of a gigantic phase of extension. The author points out that China?s ecological problems from the speedy urbanization and industrialization process in the recent decades generate social effects, causing a great deal of harm to human health, instigating economic and welfare suffering, and harming the environment in both urban and rural areas of China. The paper relates that, because of increasing industrialization and urbanization, the majority of the Indian cities have exceedingly compact habitation that results in overcrowding, clogging, obstruction, traffic jams, air pollution, noise pollution, as well as major deficiencies of vital requirements and necessities of life
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Impact of Urbanization, Industrialization And Housing Security on China
Ecological Problems in Urban China
The Problem of Water and Cleanliness in Urban China
The Problem of Clearance of Waste-Water in Urban China
The Problem of Air Pollution in Urban China
The Impact of Urbanization, Industrialization And Housing Security on India
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The velocity of urbanization and industrialization was extremely slow prior to the late 1970s when contrasted with other developing states. The proportion of urban inhabitants was 11.2 in 1950, and still barely 17.9 by 1978. This low degree of urbanization had been the consequence from purposeful procedures of restraining rural-urban immigration and urban increase. Economic restructurings have since accelerated the industrialization and urbanization procedures. Large numerals of towns, as well as, cities have surfaced, at the same time as old cities are quickly increasing their managerial spheres."
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"Fast Wheels, Slow Traffic: Urban Transport Choices", 2003.
Discusses Charles Wright's book on lack of public transportation in U.S..
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 31.95
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Abstract
Discusses the failure of urban planners and politicians to develop efficient mass transportation and reduce energy consumption and pollution created by massive automobile usage.
From the Paper
"here is no large metropolitan area in this country that does not have enormous traffic jams at so-called "rush hour". One reason is, of course, the ubiquitous use of private automobiles rather than available public transportation..."
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Urbanization, Poverty, Growth and Inequality, 2006.
Presents an overall picture of development and urbanization with various factors affecting them.
3,386 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the effects of urbanization on various factors affecting development, poverty and income inequality, based on empirical data obtained from various sources. The following factors are analyzed across various countries, based on the latest data available: Economic growth measured in terms of GDP per Capita in US$ (PPP), absolute poverty at $1 per day standard, poverty gap, Gini Index, openness of trade, percentage of population living in urban areas, annual percentage migration of population to urban areas, the Corruption Perception Index ,etc. These factors are analyzed to arrive at correlations they have with urbanization in order to determine to some extent whether urbanization is inevitable for development of a country and what are the consequences associated with the phenomenon.
Paper Outline:
Urbanization and other factors affecting Economic Growth
Factors affecting Urbanization
Determinants of Poverty Deepening (Poverty Gap)
Factors Affecting Absolute Poverty
Factors Affecting Gini Index
Determinants of Human Development Index
Concluding Remarks
References and Bibliography
From the Paper
"However, contrary to above, it can be seen that absolute poverty alone is not the cause for urbanization. In other words, where even in urban areas people do not find enough jobs, they would like to stay in rural areas. The negative correlation between absolute poverty (measured in terms of earning per capita less than $1 per day), and the percentage of urban population means that as poverty increases, urbanization decreases. However, this may not be the trend the world over. If we have a glance at the countries considered in this analysis, it can be seen that they are least developed countries."
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Urban Education, 2004.
An overview of the challenges facing urban education.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how urban education can be defined in many ways and how, from a strictly dictionary definition or technical standpoint, urban education is merely education offered to inner city students or students from within an urban setting. It also discusses how a more comprehensive perspective and definition of urban education would be to describe urban education as education directed at the nation's most deserving and wanting population, inner city youth.
Outline
Urban Education: An Overview
Issues Facing K-12 Leadership in Urban School Settings
From the Paper
"Urban education is perhaps the single most challenging sector of education within the United States today do to a variety of different factors unique to urban settings and inner cities. Urban education for decades has faced criticism from the public who often believes it has expert opinion about the manner in which students should be taught, regardless of their background (Goldenberg, et. al, 2003). Much of the public criticizes urban educators for failing to serve students in many ways. Test scores and overall student performance are community based issues in urban education that have oft been addressed by administrators and the public seeking to maximize a student?s potential for success in the future. Many people criticize urban education for failing students, without first addressing the issues facing urban educators."
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