| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "UNIVERSAL HEALTH CARE INSURANCE": |
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Universal Health Care Insurance, 2007.
An analysis of the pros and cons for universal health care insurance in the United States.
1,164 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the arguments for and against universal health care insurance in the United States. The paper concludes that health insurance coverage should be assured in a nation that is as financially strong as the United States and should be instituted according to the guidelines as set out by the National Institute of Medicine.
Table of Contents:
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
I. Arguments Exist on Both Sides
II. Arguments Against Universal Health Care Insurance
III. Arguments in Support of Universal Health Care Insurance
IV. National Institute of Medicine Report Recommendations
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Arguments provided against the Universal Health Care Insurance include the reasons as follows: (1) There isn't a single government agency or division that runs efficiently; if they can't run an office such as the DMV efficiently, how can we expect them to handle something as complex as health care? (2) "Free" health care isn't really free since we must pay for it with taxes; expenses for health care would have to be paid for with higher taxes or spending cuts in other areas such as defense, education, etc. (3) Profit motives, competition, and individual ingenuity have always led to greater cost control and effectiveness; (4) Government-controlled health care would lead to a decrease in patient flexibility; (5) Patients aren't likely to curb their drug costs and doctor visits if health care is free; thus, total costs will be several times what they are now..."
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Lack of Universal Health Care in U.S., 2001.
Rising cost of health care. Employer provided health insurance. Employee-based health plans. Growth of HMOs. Move toward health care reform. Government vs. private industry run universal health care.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 15 sources, $ 127.95
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From the Paper
"Few issues are as critical to individuals as their physical health. Yet the cost of health care in the United States is recognized as one of the most serious public issues facing Americans today. For many years, employers have provided, or subsidized, health care in one form or another to employees. In some cases, the employer provided health insurance and the employee could select the provider without limitation. In other cases, the employer joined a health maintenance organization which required employees to go to specific physicians and providers. Americans who did not work full-time, who did not work at all, or who worked for small companies often did not (and do not) have access to health insurance or health care on a regular basis. This research considers the state of the health care industry today, the ..."
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The U.S. Health Care Insurance Industry, 2007.
This paper examines the U.S. health care insurance industry at the national and regional levels.
3,905 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the U.S. health insurance industry is a faltering system as witnessed by poor performance, difficulty accessing physicians and rising premiums that cut into after-tax income. The author compares two health plans in Texas: Aetna Life Insurance Company's PPO 500 plan, which is judged better for a younger workforce that is predominantly unmarried and without children, and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Texas' PPO Select Saver Plan IV Blue Cross plan, which is deemed a better arrangement for an older, "graying" workforce. The paper evaluates the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), which is generally seen as a watershed event for health insurance reform.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The U.S. Health Care Industry over the Last 10 Years
The U.S. v. Canadian Approach to Health Care
Development of Managed Medicare Insurance Products in Texas
A Comparison of Two Health Plans in Texas
A Plan for Managed Care Organization Seeking Accreditation from JCAHO or NCQA
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
A Plan for Comprehensive Improvement of a Managed Care Organization's Processes
Conclusions
From the Paper
"In fairness, the U.S. model has its advantages. For one thing, wealthier individuals/employees who wish to "cut through" the bureaucratic red-tape of socialized medicine in Canada can go to the United States and have their needs promptly addressed in a way not possible in Canada. Moreover, from a strictly business perspective, the fact that American HMOs are prepared to exclude various clientele in order to serve the "bottom line" and are likewise prepared to similarly slash services can be just the excuse private American corporations need in order to exclude various members of their workforce."
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Health Care Insurance Crisis in the U.S.A., 2003.
This paper explores possible solutions to the health care insurance crisis in the U.S.A..
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that the health care insurance crisis in the U.S.A. is multidimensional, including subsidies and market reforms. The author proposes solutions including expanding coverage by attempting to regulate the individual market. The paper suggests the lowering insurance costs by lowering health care costs.
From the Paper
"There is a crisis in America's insurance healthcare system and it is multidimensional. The United States is facing inadequate funding and increasing demand for services."
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Universal Health Care in United States, 2002.
Examining the health care crisis in the States, reasons for the crisis and possible solutions.
3,589 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
The first part of this paper examines the scope of the current healthcare crisis, with a special focus on New Jersey. It looks at the number of uninsured people in America, the rising costs of health insurance and other reasons why more and more people cannot afford adequate health care. The paper then studies why the current healthcare system fails to address their health needs. After looking at the failed health reform plan of former President Clinton and the various grassroots efforts towards providing low- or no-cost health insurance, the paper discusses the need for a single payer system of national health insurance.
From the Paper
"The United States has arguably the most scientifically advanced healthcare system in the world. Its physicians and scientists make significant strides in complex medical procedures such as organ transplants and treating cancer. People from around the world travel to the United States to consult with health experts and to seek medical help. It is therefore a sad irony that an estimated 44 million Americans could not afford adequate medical care. A growing number of Americans do not have health insurance and live in fear of an unexpected illness and financial ruin."
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Differences in Quality of Health Care by Insurance Type, 2003.
An in-depth study of health care utilization and access in fee-for-service vs. health maintenance organizations.
20,250 words (approx. 81.0 pages), 70 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study examines the role of the health care safety net in increasing utilization and access for uninsured adults and children. Data from the 1997 National Survey of American Families and county-level data on local safety net conditions are cited. The study notes the minor variation in utilization and access among low-income adults by local safety net conditions, but the large differences by insurance status. Also noted is the discovery that most measures of the local safety net conditions were not related to use and access differences between insured and uninsured adults. The paper concludes with the finding that expanding insurance coverage would be more effective as a means of increasing use and access among low-income individuals than expanding the safety net.
From the Paper
"Critics of American health policy frequently note that only the United States and South Africa have failed to develop a system of national healht insurance despite possessing the societal resources to do so. It would appear that the United States is a clear favorite to become the next-to-last industrialized country to with a national health care system. The failure of American society to establish a national health insurance system has created a crisis of social justice. Some 40 million Americans, two-thirds of who are full-time workers and their dependents, lack both health insurance and individual wealth, and as a result are permitted to suffer ill health and premature death in comparison to those who are well-off or well insured. Given that the birth of managed care includes stringent reimbursement guidelines and insuing controversy over services provided or not provided, studies are needed to compare the quality of care provided by managed care insurance plans to the traditional method of health insurance, fee-for-service cost reimbursement."
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Health Care Insurance, 2005.
A proposal to create a national health insurance system in the United States.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 5 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses a plan to create a national health insurance system. This system would have a reasonable but sufficiently high co-payment to instill responsibility and would be means-tested so as to protect the truly poor and assure that they get the health care they need. The paper examines the issues of developing a national health insurance system and compares the health care that is provided in the United States with other countries that already offer some form of national health insurance. The proposed plan would avoid some of the problems people fear might develop while offering the benefits people need.
From the Paper
"In the effort to make the individual exhibit greater responsibility for his or her own health and so to promote more preventive care, the only system that has a good chance of working on a national basis is a form of national health insurance. HMOs work to minimize costs and to reduce overuse of the health care system, but the emphasis is on denying service and denying expensive procedures, many of which are badly needed and which can create higher future costs when denied in a timely manner. A national health insurance system with a reasonable but sufficiently high co-payment to instill responsibility, means-tested so as to protect the truly poor and assure that they get the health care they need is the best approach. Other countries already provide some form of national health insurance and manage to do so at a lower cost than the U.S. ...."
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Impediments to Health Care Access for Low Income Visible Minorities, 2002.
Identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access for lower-income Americans and visible minorities and the more affluent members of America's majority.
29,350 words (approx. 117.4 pages), 135 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
As the American population continues to become more diverse racially, members of visible minority groups within the population become more prominent. Simultaneously, with the increase in diversity, income distribution in the American economy has become more distorted. While economic growth in the United States has surged over the past decade, the income gap has widened; not only between the richest and poorest Americans, but also between moderate-income and low-income Americans. Members of visible minorities in the population tend to be represented disproportionately in the low-income and poverty classifications in the United States. While there is an abundance of implications of this state of affairs, one of the more crucial ones is access to health care. Individual and household financial capacity, the scarcity of employer-paid health insurance among small businesses, cultural differences based in social psychology and other factors frequently act as impediments to health care access for low-income individuals and households among visible minority population groups in the contemporary United States. This problem and these issues are investigated in this study. The study identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access between lower-income Americans and members of visible minorities in the United States, on the one hand, and more affluent Americans and members of the majority segment of the population, on the other hand. The initial chapter of this study delineates the problem investigated. Specific research questions are formulated and stated to provide greater focus for the investigation.
Social psychological theory and applied social psychology literature are reviewed in the second chapter. Literature relevant to the functioning of low-income and visible minority population groups in the United States within a social psychological context are reviewed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to a review of literature relevant to both the health care system in the United States and the experiences of low-income and visible minority population groups in relation to health care access and health care delivery in the United States. An assessment of the problem investigated, performed within the structure of the research questions, is presented in the final (fifth) chapter. Conclusions drawn from the study findings are stated and recommendations for further research are made. The summary conclusions reached through the conduct of this study relate both to health care access and health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities. With respect to health care access, the summary conclusion reached is that a universal system of health care entitlement is required in the United States. In relation to health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities, the summary conclusion reached is that extensive education is required for both low-income persons and members of visible minorities, on the one hand, and health care providers, on the other hand. Low-income persons and members of visible minorities require education on the benefits and function of health care services, while health care providers require education in the social mores of the diverse populations they must serve.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem Delineation
Background on the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Review of Relevant Social Psychology Theory and Literature
Introduction
Sociological Theory and Health Care
The Welfare State
Accessing Contemporary Health Care
Role of Ethics in Accessing Health Care
Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems
Chapter Conclusions
Social Functioning of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
HIV/AIDS Related Behavior
Initiatives to Improve Health Care
Access and Behaviors
The American Health Care System and the Experiences of Low-Income and Visible Minority Groups
Introduction
The American Health Care System
Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems
Care Quality
Alternative Approaches to Health Care
Bioethical Issues
Problems of Accessibility
Initiatives to Improve Minority Access
Chapter Conclusions
Assessment of the Problem Discussion, Recommendations for Further Research
Appendices
Annotated Bibliography
From the Paper
"Social Cognitive Theory [self-efficacy] emphasizes the role of expectancies, self-efficacy, peer normative influences, and social competency skills as key components affecting adolescents? behaviors (DiClemente, Lodico, Grinstead, Harper, Rickman, Evans, & Coates, 1996). The applicability of models based on social psychological principles for understanding African-Americans? decision-making and sexual behavior has been questioned because most such models tend to be individually-focused and do not take into account the social context in which the behavior is embedded (Cochran & Mays, 1993). Social cognitive theory, however, explicitly integrates behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors as reciprocally interactive. Thus, given the hypothesized multi-factorial nature of sexual decision making and the potential impact of the high-risk social environment of the study population, approaches based on social cognitive theory are thought to be particularly relevant for understanding the myriad factors that may affect African-Americans? sexual behavior."
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Disparities in American Health Care, 2008.
An examination of the American health care system.
2,332 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the American health care system and suggests methods of creating universal access to health care. The paper explains that health care should be considered a right for all citizens; a constitutional amendment would make this proposition mandatory. The paper points out that, at its root, the lack of health care for all in America is fundamentally a moral issue. The paper suggests that the United States follow its industrialized, wealthy counterparts and demand universal health care. It explains that the desire for universal health care is apparent and cites examples of states which are implementing a near-universal health care system. The writer proposes that the U.S. pass the United States National Health Insurance Act, or the Expanded and Improved Medicare for All Act. The writer further explains that this act establishes the United States National Health Insurance (USNHI) Program to provide all individuals residing in the United States and in U.S. territories with free health care, including all medically necessary care, such as primary care and prevention, prescription drugs, emergency care, and mental health services.
Outline:
Universal Healthcare in Other Countries
United States National Health Insurance Act
The Uninsured: College Students
Children's Health Care
Preventative Health Care
Eliminating Disparities
Conclusion
From the Paper
"More health care clinics geared toward minority populations could also be beneficial; citizens would feel more comfortable in settings that recognize their specific needs. Cultural and linguistic competence is mandatory. More classes in medical school concerning minority health care issues should be implemented. More minority members should be in the health care system. This would increase patient participation in care processes, ensuring grater satisfaction and adherence to treatment. The regulations in the system should be transparent and open to the public. A department in the government should be primarily focused on minority health care. The heath care system should be as diverse as our country."
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The United States Health Care System, 2008.
Argues for universal health care in the United States.
2,195 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the United States is virtually the only industrialized country in the world that does not automatically give citizens the benefit of free health care, but notes that there are, however, several other types of health care options in the U.S.. The paper then describes problems with these health care options such as that they require the individual to independently pay for private health insurance or Medicare. Next, the paper relates that, in other countries such as Canada and Britain, the universal health care concept is viewed as very successful. The paper contends that when the United States government realizes that universal health care is the best option, all citizens of the U.S. will begin to live a healthier life.
From the Paper
"The quality of health care in the United States can be considered opinionated to a certain extent but the amount of money the U.S. spends in comparison to other countries is inarguably absurd. There cannot be any denial of the inflation rate of uninsured citizens. The number of Americans without health insurance is now up to 45,000,000. That is a huge increase considering that in 1990 there were 35,000,000 uninsured citizens. Being uninsured increases your chance of fatality. If a universal health care system were to come into existence, we would see far less deaths in the U.S."
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Minority Groups and the American Health Care System, 2002.
An assessment of minority access to the American Health
Care system, focusing on HIV-AIDS patients.
7,229 words (approx. 28.9 pages), 39 sources, APA, $ 160.95
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Abstract
Approximately 12 percent of America's population is without any formal health care insurance coverage, although some estimates of this proportion are higher. The research problem investigated in this study concerns minority access to health care. The central issue in the study is the determination of the best approach to improve such access, especially in relation to HIV-AIDS patients. The paper begins with a review of health care delivery problems for minority population groups, which is followed by a consideration of the HIV-AIDS issue among minority population groups. The primary focus of this assessment is on health care outcomes.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Minorities and HIV-AIDS
Interaction with Health Care System
Racial and Ethnic Orientation
Structure and Method of Investigation
Minorities: Health Care Delivery Problems in the Community and Health Care System
Bioethical Issues
Failure to Address Racial Differences
Failure to Address Insurance Status Differences
Health Care Delivery and Accessibility
HMOs and Fee-for-Service Providers
Social Psychological Influences
Distrust of the Health Care System
Health Beliefs of Minorities
Social Identity Influences
Minority Status and HIV-AIDS
HIV-AIDS and Minority Population Groups
Origins
Ethical Issues
HIV-AIDS Health Care for Minorities
Initiatives to Improve Minority Access to Health Care
Proposed Initiative
Conclusions and Recommendations
Restatement of Problem
Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Potential Solutions
Assessment
Recommendations
From the Paper
"In the 1990s, one initiative designed to broaden access to health care services needs for the nation?s indigent involved the development of nurse-managed clinics targeting low-income persons. A nurse practitioner is a specially educated and trained nurse who provides some level of health care directly to patients without supervision by a physician.
Nurse managed clinics for the indigent are prominent in the nation?s inner cities. Nurse managed clinics such as those associated with the Kellogg Homeless Project in Washington, the Pine Street Inn in Boston, and the Los Angeles School of Nursing Health Center are delivering health care services to indigent persons at cost savings (compared to more traditional delivery venues) and in areas that would not otherwise be served by health care professionals (Sharp, 1992; Lutz, 1991)."
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HIV-AIDS Patients and the Health Care System, 2002.
An assessment of minority access to the American health
care system focusing on the HIV-AIDS community.
5,926 words (approx. 23.7 pages), 36 sources, APA, $ 141.95
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Abstract
Approximately 12 percent of the American population is without any formal health care insurance coverage. The research problem investigated in this paper concerns minority access to health care. The central issue is the determination of the best approach to improve such access, especially in relation to HIV-AIDS patients.
Outline:
Introduction
Problem
Minorities and HIV-AIDS
Interaction with Health Care System
Racial and Ethnic Orientation
Structure and Method of Investigation
Structure
Method [Focus on Outcomes]
Minorities: Health Care Delivery Problems in the Community and Health Care System
Bioethical Issues
Failure to Address Racial Differences
Failure to Address Insurance Status Differences
Health Care Delivery and Accessibility
Delivery
Accessibility
HMOs and Fee-for-Service Providers
Social Psychological Influences
Distrust of the Health Care System
Health Beliefs of Minorities
Social Identity Influences
Minority Status and HIV-AIDS
HIV-AIDS and Minority Population Groups
Origins
Ethical Issues
HIV-AIDS Health Care for Minorities
Initiatives to Improve Minority Access to Health Care
Proposed Initiative
Conclusions and Recommendations
Restatement of Problem
Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Potential Solutions
Assessment
Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"Decisions made by health care professionals in the conduct of practice typically are reached within the context of an ethical framework (Marty, 1992). Clinical ethics is defined as the systematic identification, analysis, and resolution of ethical problems associated with the care of particular patients (Zuckerman, 1994). The goals of clinical ethics include protecting the rights and interests of patients, assisting clinicians in ethical decision-making, and encouraging cooperative relationships among patients and those close to patients, clinicians, and health care institutions. Important in the definition of clinical ethics is an emphasis on clinicians, not only physicians, thus underscoring the fact that clinical ethics needs to be a multi-disciplinary endeavor that encompasses the range of clinician expertise involved in patient care."
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Private Health Care, 2002.
A review of private health care with regard to existing public health care services.
2,303 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This research study explores existing literature regarding private and public health care to determine the factors important to each. The paper demonstrates the necessity for both private and public health care systems in the U.S. The paper looks at the benefits of both systems of care, in terms of cost, quality of service and the level of assistance. The aim of this study is to help guide future directions of the health care system, which will help to insure optimal health care for all.
From the Paper
"As a consumer, Amiel reports that due to the public system and managed care, doctors tend to work less hard when their income is capped and they are inundated with paperwork, and hospitals are becoming inefficient. A mention of the return of private medicine brings with it the fear that the poor will suffer from inferior care, and yet the inferior care is present and accounted for in the public system. In another instance, a friend of the author died in the hospital since the hospital staff failed to notify the hematologist needed; again care was denied. The author reports that Canada's best doctors tend to go to America, where private health care is still in existence."
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Long-term Care Insurance, 2005.
This paper discusses the viability of the Long-term care insurance product offering by Prudential Insurance Company.
2,034 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the long-term care insurance product. The author reviews the demographic outlook, cost and market structure. The paper forecasts the future for this product.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this project was to assess the viability of long-term care insurance as a product offering by Prudential Insurance Company. Long-term care insurance helps cover the cost of a person's care or supervision over the course of an illness disability or aging. The projection is that approximately one-half of adults in the United States will have a need for long term care at some point in their lives. Long-term care in the United States is very ..."
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Long-Term Care Insurance., 2004.
This paper discusses the product pricing component in long-term care insurance .
678 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the long-term care insurance product. The author explains that the product is a service product provided by Prudential Financial, a subsidiary of Prudential Insurance. The paper focuses on product demand and supply.
From the Paper
"The selected organization providing a private product, a service in this case, is Prudential Financial, a subsidiary of Prudential Insurance. The product selected is long-term care insurance, a financial service. Long-term care insurance helps cover the cost of a person's care or supervision over the course of an illness disability or aging. The projection is that approximately one-half of adults in the United States will have a need for long term care at some point in their ..."
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