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Union Organization, 2004.
An examination of the way that trade unions have been organized over time and the way that they encourage members to join.
5,124 words (approx. 20.5 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the recent history of trade unions and how they have changed over the years. It looks at public perceptions of unions and union leadership and how the union's actions influence the way they are perceived in public. It then discusses membership motivation and the membership drive tactics that the unions may use to boost their numbers.
From the Paper
"Birthed in a time in which business demands on laborers were high and often bordering on inhumane, the organized labor movement was a needed guarantor of employee rights and fair labor practices. Beginning concurrently with the industrial revolution, labor unions demanded that businesses include the needs and well-being of their most valuable asset, its? workforce, in planning for a profitable future. However, during the past 3 decades, businesses have adjusted their paradigm to include the value of its educated and trained workforce. The global workplace has forced business to take a proactive position toward creating and maintaining a positive work environment. Business can no longer treat its workforce like a disposable piece of machinery which can be replaced on a whim. The modern worker carries skills, talent, and learned organizational assets which can not be replaced by a visit to the local employment agency. As a result, organized labor, its ranks and political power are at low ebb. The central power brokers of money and influence on the 50?s, 60?s and 70?s is rattling its sabers and marshaling its forces for a new crusade to regain the clout it once had in the nation's factories and ballot boxes."
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Organizing a University Union, 2006.
Discusses the organizational activity involved with forming a university union and some of the situations that might arise as a result.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper shall review four situations that could conceivably arise when dealing with present or past employees in a university setting. Specifically, the paper deals with items like unionization and
de-certification, faculty selection procedures, the differences between labour relations in private and public workplaces, and termination agreements and covenants not to compete. The paper examines the legal dangers that may result from intemperate action by management and also looks at the rights and responsibilities of employees as well.
From the Paper
"Recently, it has come to our attention that several faculty members are interested in forming a union. This development raises some curious issues. Most notably, some in management feel that it is best to let the union form "quietly" and then negotiate a contract. The idea is that when the novelty of having a union has worn off, it would then be possible to de-certify the same union through an election involving the whole faculty. The question we are confronted with is whether or not it is possible to allow a union to both form and then de-certify within the span of a year. To answer such a question, we need to examine current United States statutory law and case law and also review the broad trends of the law over the last century. Since the late 1920s, the United States government (and judiciary) one..."
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Organized Crime & Unions, 1989.
Discusses history & evolution of corruption in unions, racketeering, laws, industrial relations, investigations and types of crimes.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"Industrial relations involves the dealings or relations of an industrial concern with its employees in general and with the public. It also involves the administration of such relations, especially to maintain goodwill for an industrial concern.
The process of controlling industrial relations involves the use of ethical codes and customs as well as laws. Informal methods are also used when negotiating trade agreements, the terms of trade agreements and the conduct of arbitration. Informal methods refers to ideas about good and bad practices,, and fair and unfair settlement terms. However, for the most part, legislation is the primary controlling factor in industrial relations. The controls have been instituted to protect all parties and specifically to reduce abnormal behavior and practices by employers or unions (...)"
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Profitability in Unionized and Non-Union Companies, 2005.
A look at the impact that a union has on a firm's profit and investment.
893 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and summarizes studies that looked at whether unionized companies were less or more profitable than non-union firms and whether there was less new investment in unionized firms as compared to non-unionized ones. After reviewing the literature, the paper concludes that, while unions generally transfer payment from shareholders to employees, there is a downside to unionization; it may inhibit the very investment needed to run the company.
From the Paper
"As long ago as 1994, researchers were interested in ascertaining whether unionized companies were less or more profitable than nonunion firms, and whether there was less new investment in unionized firms as compared to nonunionized ones. Morgan investigated shareholder risk and rates of return in both sorts of companies during the period 1973-1987. Morgan?s work cited earlier work of Becker and Olson (1989) in which they provided an analysis of differences in shareholder risk and returns in union and nonunion companies, finding that shareholders in more highly unionized companies realized lower rates of return than did shareholders in the nonunion companies. Becker and Olson had further suggested that lower shareholder returns during the 1970s had led management to attempt to limit the extent of unionization during the 1980s in a move to reverse that trend. (Morgan, 1994, unpaged)"
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The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 2005.
This paper discusses the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for the period after the Cold War.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 10 sources, $ 178.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO is an alliance of the United States, Canada and a number of West European states that came into being in the wake of the Second World War.
The author points out that, with the i primary objective is to defend Western Europe from the perceived threat of the Soviet Union, NATO is the most powerful and arguably the most effective military alliance in history. The paper relates that, dominated by the superpower of the United States, the NATO alliance won the Cold War to the extent that it is expanding by incorporating former adversary states from the Soviet dominated and now defunct Warsaw Pact.
From the Paper
"The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), an alliance of the United States, Canada, and a number of West European states that came into being in the wake of the Second World War with its primary objective being to defend Western Europe from the perceived threat of the Soviet Union, is the most powerful - and arguably the most effective - military alliance in history. Dominated by the superpower of the United States, the NATO alliance "won" the Cold War to the extent that it has begun expanding by incorporating former adversary states from the Soviet-dominated and now defunct Warsaw Pact."
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The Transmogrification of the Palestine Liberation Organization, 1998.
An examination of the PLO, including the PLO's relations to the former Soviet Union, as opposed to Israel's relations to the U.S.A.
2,135 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the founding, history, documents, beliefs, and actions of the Palestinian Liberation Organization. It describes the PLO's relations to the former Soviet Union, as opposed to Israel's relations to the USA. It uses these two comparisons to describe the PLO's involvement in the Cold War, while also describing its obstacles and goals in the middle east. The paper carries the reader through many of the PLO's failures and successes, all the way until the 1990's near peace agreement with the Israelis. The paper details Arafat's many ideals, those carried out in military actions and those carried out amongst his Arab brethren.
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World Trade Organization, 2005.
A look at the impact of the WTO on the world economy.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is a powerful force in global economics. The WTO plays a significant role in every industry including the oil industry. This paper investigates the WTO's impact on oil-producing countries (Gulf Cooperation Council) political economy as a strategic union. The discussion seeks to discover if they are better off working as a bloc of countries, or as individual nations.
Introduction
The GCC and the WTO
The GCC as a Bloc
From the Paper
"The gulf Cooperation council was created in 1981 and composed of six old producing countries including Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman, and Qatar (Gulf Region 2004). The purposes of the organization are educational, political, economics, industry and security (Gulf Region 2004). The council was created to find the most beneficial ways to handle scarce resources. Accept for Saudi Arabia, all of the countries in the GCC are also members of the World Trade Organization (Gulf Region 2004)."
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Case Study: Non European Union (EU) or European Union, 2008.
Discusses the European Union (EU) and its individual markets as a potential target market for entry by a foreign enterprise as well as a non-member market.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This analysis examines the characteristics of two specific target countries for potential market entry by a foreign enterprise. The two countries examined are a non-EU member country which is Indonesia and an EU member state which is Spain. Additionally, the benefits and disadvantages of such countries vis-a-vis individual company acquisitions or joint venture targets are discussed.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Country Analysis
Overview
Target Country One--Indonesia
Cultural
Trading Blocs and Related Data
Major Currencies
Fund Repatriation and Exchange Rate Risks
Target Country Two--Spain
Cultural
Trading Blocs and Related Data
Major Currencies
Fund Repatriation and Exchange Rate Risks
European Union Membership Versus
Non-Membership
The EU Market Environment
Non-EU Market Disadvantages
Business and Commerce in EU Markets
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The most important regional trading blocs related to this project are ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). Indonesia reported a trade surplus with Japan of $9,018m, $5,096m with the United States, and $1,958m with China as recently as 2000 which indicative a strong export economy (Indonesia, 2006). These and its other total exports formed the equivalent of $57.4b worth of exports in 2001. Its current account stands at $6,899m and balance on goods of $22,695 while its balance on services totals a deficit of -$10,380m . Regional barriers to trade are minimal."
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Jimmy Hoffa's Legacy, 2005.
This paper relates the legacy of Jimmy Hoffa, a labor union organizer in the 1930's.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the legacy of Jimmy Hoffa as a labor union organizer in the 1930's and relates his rise to power as President of the Teamsters Union.
From the Paper
"Jimmy Hoffa was the leader of the largest union in the United States, the 'International Brotherhood of Teamsters.' He was fervent, some might even say fanatical, in his support of the Teamsters. He often faced conflicts with law enforcement and union leadership. Many speculate that his dealings with organized crime leaders resulted in his disappearance or murder."
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Unions, 2002.
Discusses the historical face-off between labor and management.
2,163 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
Unions first caught the national imagination in 1869 with the foundation of three important unions: The Black National Labor Union, the first local Knights of Labor (in Philadelphia), and the Daughters of St. Crispin (first national female union). The paper shows, however, that organized labor had existed before that. Even before America was founded, powerful ?guilds? protected skilled laborers. The paper questions why organized labor exists and what kind of power it wields. The paper shows that the answer to that question is in many ways ever-evolving and changing. The nature and needs for organized labor are constantly changing, as is the degree of power that they wield. About 70 years ago, for example, unions were relatively powerful and their interests mainly revolved around safe working places, living wages and so forth. They organized because they had to, for their own protection, because of the severity of working environments. The paper shows, however that unions today have far less power and though in many cases they organize for the same reasons, they are also concerned with globalization, privacy and advancement or investment rights and other concerns. Perhaps the simplest explanation for why labor becomes organized is that they are responding to the innate organization of the bosses and that their political clout is in direct reverse proportion to their expandability.
From the Paper
"There are varying degrees of resistance which have been employed by labor, and the threat of which creates what political clout exists for labor. There is complete revolution, like that which has passed in many communist/socialist countries and is aimed at overthrowing both the capitalist system and the capitalist government. Additionally, labor can threaten active civil disobedience and striking by workers, even armed resistance. The third sort of threat is that of legal striking (organized or unorganized) and other legal pressures such as boycotting, which while less frightening are none the less debilitating. The fourth sort is purely political pressure, based in voting and other passive means to an end. The threat of these four sorts of resistance are enough to give labor some bargaining power when they come to the table."
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Organized Labor, 1990.
This paperrxamines the phenomenon of organized labor especially in the United States: U.S. History, case studies, wage theory, unionism and wages, inflation, union vs. non-union labor, emphasizing economic aspects.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"Although not a novel idea, there is significant merit to the notion that organized economic groups play an important role in the process of economic and governmental adjustment. One of the most important of these groups, at least in the modern, industrialized world, and specifically the United States, is organized labor. The American Federation of Labor, for instance, has had the ability to draw together and organize several million people , grouping them into a political and economic force that must be accounted not only as an integral part of the electorate, but as a significant economic identifier and modification process.
This paper will begin with a brief examination of the phenomenon of organized labor and will then turn to a history of the labor movement in the United States. In looking at case ... "
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The European Economic Community.
This paper discusses the history of the European Economic Community (EEC), organized in 1958, which predated the European Union (EU), organized in 1992, especially the positions of Germany and the U.K. (Britain).
2,125 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the European Economic Community (EEC) was established to lower custom barriers between European countries and to create greater political cohesion and ultimately an economic entity, which would increase Europe's power in the world market. The author points out that the major reasons Germany, which was more familiar with federalism, wanted the states of Europe to join together as a European federal state were: (1) The quicker the integration process, the shorter time period needed for Germany to overcome the loss of the war and the status of being the 'loser' of the war and (2) if a European union would control all members, then there would be less or even complete avoidance of discrimination towards Germany by other nations. The paper stresses that the major reasons Britain, on the other hand, did not want to be a part of a united Europe were: (1) They viewed unification as a European super-state being run by the Britain's oldest rivals French and German and (2) Britain, having had a stable democracy for many centuries and never having been subject to totalitarian rule, saw themselves as different and unlike any fellow European member.
From the Paper
"At the end of the Second World War, Europe was devastated and economically exhausted, and its most urgent need was to restore its economy. In this situation two great powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, uneasily confronted each other across Europe. Europe would be organized in such a way that war between Western European countries could not recur. There was an urgent need to construct war shattered economies that led the countries of Western Europe to begin working together. Finally, after long and complicated negotiations, the "Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) was signed in Rome on March 25, 1957 and came into affect in January, 1958." (Palmer and Lambert, 1968, 33). What this Treaty established was a European free trade eliminating all tariffs on trades between members of the EEC, which included Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, France, Luxembourg, and the Federal Republic of Germany."
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The European Union, 2006.
A discussion of the European Union and the difficulties of unifying diverse countries.
1,603 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper addresses the founding of the European Union and its organizations. The paper discusses how different theories of international relations view political events in vastly different ways. The paper specifically examines the standard schools of thought (realist, liberalist, and feminist) regarding these international organizations, regarding their opinion on EU developments. The paper analyzes how diversity has given the region much of its culture and heritage, but it is now faced with the task of finding a method of coexisting under a federation of states in the EU. The paper concludes that despite the "growing pains" created by the tension between different states and varying degrees of cooperation among these states, the EU has evolved quickly into an effective and influential organization.
From the Paper
"Realists see regional organizations like the EU as "a gathering of sovereign states" all acting in their own self-interest and perpetually in conflict with the other states (McCormick 1999, p. 10). These conflicts, say realists, may be delayed, purposely set aside, or even settled, but each state will continue to operate within its borders under its own authority. Realism sees the state as a member of the international organization only because such membership is the most viable method of state survival in the global system (ibid.)."
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Russian and European Trade Unions, 2001.
A history of the differences between the two.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at pre-trade union working conditions in factories and elsewhere and describes how the workers in the west realized that they were an essential part of the system and thus gained power. It looks at the rising figures for strikes as time progressed and in which countries they were most prevalent. The last segment describes the rather different appearance of the Russian trade unions, from the end of serfdom to Bolshevism and Communism.
From the paper;
"It is no accident that the power of trade unions has diminished over the past several generations so that now for most Americans it is difficult to imagine the political, cultural and social power that they once had. But unions were once a major force in the age of industrialization, and it is only because we are living at the end of that age of industrialization that we see trade unions in their current weakened condition.
This paper examines unions when they were moving toward the height of their powers in the first decades of the last century. Although there were (and are) certain commonalities amongst all unions, there were also important differences among the unions both because of the trade that was being represented and the country in which the union was organized."
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Labor Union Acts, 2006.
This paper studies labor legislation in the United States.
1,730 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This article studies laws and regulations which have been created over the years regarding labor in the U.S. The first of such laws gave the labor unions the right to organize themselves among workers and stopped court injunctions during labor disputes with management.
The writer looks at the various labor acts and their implications. The author portrays that the concept of labor itself has changed over the years and the article relates to changes in importance of labor and unions.
From the Paper
"All steps taken by employers or employees are for the sole purpose of getting their demand or demands fulfilled. There are many federal government and state government laws in this matter. There are also regulations and previous decisions of the administrative agencies. Thus the relationship of employers and employees are governed by many laws, yet Wagner Act is probably the first act for labor that has given administrative support for the labor, unionization and collective bargaining. The National Labor Relations Board was created through this act. This is a board with five members appointed by the President and the Senate with a term of five years for the board. The offices of the board are spread in thirty regional offices, all of whom have to report to the head office in Washington. (The NLRB: The Wagner Act of 1935) This is certainly a step forward for the labor."
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