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U.S. Military Assistance Funding to Indonesia, 2005.
An overview of the people and events, which are causative factors to U.S. military assistance funding in Indonesia.
5,241 words (approx. 21.0 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 130.95
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Abstract
This case study examines the issues surrounding the influence, intervention, sanctions, and programs applied toward Indonesia support. Key to this study are the individual people, groups, and institutions surrounding the successes and failures in this assistance and the motivations, perceptions, and agendas involved.
Table of Contents
Introduction
History
Historical Overview of Indonesia and United States' National Security Interests
U.S. Military Assistance Prior to Sanctions and How Funding was Used
Sanctions
Aim
Objectives
The Informal Universe
Issue Leaders
Overview
Indonesia Players
Institutional Linkage
Human Rights Watch
Nike
United States Military Collaboration
Issue Clusters
Assessment
Appendix A
Appendix B
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs , Indonesia is a strategic key to our National Security interests. Located strategically alongside several important international maritime crossroads, ingress to the United States from the sea must be managed from such strategic locations. The United States enjoys a reliable relationship with Indonesia at this time; playing a significant role in its independence and supporting its anti-communistic position during the Cold War has worked to repay our nation in 'cordial and cooperative relations' today. Jemaah Islamiyah - a terrorist organization - made its presence known to Indonesia during terrorist attacks on Bali (October 2002) and Jakarta (August 2003). Occurring so close to the United States attacks of September 11, 2001, the alliance - although not a formal treaty - has meaning and value to both countries."
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Military Assistance To The 1992 Los Angeles Riots, 2002.
Examines the function of U.S. Armed Forces to provide military assistance to civilian authorities in restoring law and order in domestic civil disturbances as a last resort.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 11 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Function of U.S. Armed Forces to provide military assistance to civilian authorities in restoring law and order in domestic civil distrubances as a last resort. Legal considerations. Examines appropriateness of the military response in Los Angeles, California; its implementation, shortcomings, effective results. Socio-economic issues involved. Loss of control by LAPD.
From the Paper
"MILITARY ASSISTANCE & CIVIL DISTURBANCES: LOS ANGELES RIOTS CASE
A. Identification of the Appropriate Military Response to Civil Disturbances Based on Doctrine and Which Organization Should Accomplish This Response. United States armed forces have traditionally been available to provide military assistance to civilian authorities (MACDIS or MACA) in restoring law and order in domestic civil disturbances. However, under Department of Defense (DOD) Directive Number 3025.12, 4 Feb 1994 (1994 Directive) and its 1991 predecessor, the armed forces renders MACDIS only as a last resort where its "use . . . is necessary to prevent the loss of life or wanton destruction of property, or to restore governmental functioning and public order" and when "duly constituted local authorities are unable to control the situation" (sec. 4.2.2.1). Sec. 4.1.3 provides that "the primary ..."
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Keynesian Theory and Five U.S. Economic Situations, 2004.
This paper discusses responses, based on Keynesian theory, to five proposed hypothetical fluctuations in the U.S. economy.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that basic Keynesian theory states that, ?in a normal economy,? there is a high level of employment, and everyone is spending salaries as usual, which means there is a circular flow of money in the economy. The author points out that, according to Keynes, if stock market prices rose sharply, this would be an indication that the economy was looking up and that consumers were willing to spend more. The paper responds that, if Congress passes an increase in income tax rates to take effect next year, according to Keynes, the effects of this measure should be salutary, if the increased funds are accrued by the federal government and utilized properly to create jobs by expanding the government programs of public works.
Table of Contents
Overview of Keynesian Theory and the Current U.S Economic Situation
Hypothetical Occurrence 1#: The stock market prices rise sharply.
Hypothetical Occurrence 2#: The Conference Board's Index of Consumer Confidence falls for the fifth straight month.
Hypothetical Occurrence 3#: The rate of capacity utilization rises.
Hypothetical Occurrence 4#: The government institutes a 10% investment tax credit retroactive to the start of the year.
Hypothetical Occurrence 5#: Congress passes an increase in income tax rates to take effect next year.
From the Paper
"Keynes stated that ?in a normal economy,? there is a high level of employment, and everyone is spending salaries as usual. This means there is a circular flow of money in the economy. Individual spending becomes part of total earnings. Total earnings become part of the total spending, generating profits. When something happens to shake consumer confidence in the economy, consumers begin to save their money. Because consumer spending is part of other consumer?s earnings, consumer?s decisions to hoard money cause retailers to spend less and to lay off employees. Responding to these difficult times, ?other consumers resort to hoarding money as well.? "
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A Childcare Systems Comparison: France and U.S., 2007.
A comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of the French and U.S. childcare systems.
5,142 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the fundamental differences in the systems of childcare provided to working parents in the United States and in France. The paper explains the basic laws pertaining to the rights of working parents, descriptions of varying childcare arrangements available in each country, and the level of educational content emphasized in each arrangement. The paper also discusses the history of working families and childcare arrangements in the United States and in France, for the purpose of evaluating how each system is ingrained in the culture. The paper concludes that the United States is capable of providing a much more family-friendly system than is currently in place.
Outline:
Introduction
France: Laws
France: Childcare
United States: Laws
United States: Childcare
Funding Comparison
History - Viewpoints and Trends
The Hidden System
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The United States, like most other cultures and societies around the world, is vulnerable to ethnocentric feelings which may prevent change in some of its established systems. I believe this to be true in the case of our childcare system today. In concert with our desire for low government "interference" in our lives, our in ability to see the importance of a universally available, nationally sponsored childcare system hinders the path to improved education and quality care for our country's youngest citizens. By comparison, the social programs of European nations like France, though they place a high tax burdens on the people, display much more of a commitment both to quality care and to the future educational achievements of the young. What is puzzling is that, in the midst of debate in the U.S. about ways to improve childcare without turning into a socialist government, there lies an alternative - run by the very government that refused to get involved in childcare for education's sake for generations - which has proven that a good system run by federal standards can be launched and run successfully in under 20 years. This system is in place and running silently within our nation's Department of Defense, serving the children of those who serve our country on military bases worldwide."
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Welfare and the U.S. Government, 2005.
This paper discusses issues of welfare support of children by the U.S. government.
4,440 words (approx. 17.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the controversy surrounding the marked increase in the govern financial support of families with dependent children by such programs as Medicaid, food stamps, housing subsidies and child nutrition programs. The author points out that, although some people are under the impression that it is welfare that causes a major financial difficulty for the government, corporate welfare, such as tax reduction and write-offs, is a large and growing component of the federal budget. The paper recommends that these federal subsidies to corporations be removed or reduced and the funds used to promote programs to support and protect children.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Analysis
Solutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"No single policy of the government like no faults divorce or increased employment of women lead to this. The market economy now views individuals as producers and this makes occupational roles are more important than family roles. Some of the results of this can be seen directly in the father who sits in the office for extra time rather than taking his child to the softball game. This father is concentrating on the pay raise that will come the next time. This is what makes young people say that they can't afford to marry. Certainly their lifestyle will be worse than the common lifestyle of 1950 if they got married, but it is only that the young individual feels that he or she needs more."
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U.S Foreign Policy, 2001.
A history of modern foreign policy.
2,750 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 14 sources, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the different policies of the Bush Jr and Clinton administrations in the use of U.S armed forces overseas. Clinton?s World Police humanitarianism are compared to Bush?s ?power relations and great-power politics.? The paper continues with a discussion on the void created by the downfall of communism and its current lack of purpose, the history of international affairs and the CIA, Bin Laden and Afghanistan and the U.S?s role in funding their arms. A similar story is told for Iraq, including U.S violations of the UN charter. Contains segments of policy inconsistencies and future foreign policy.
From the paper:
?Still, even as the Administration puts forth a realist view, they also spout idealist propaganda. This is, in part, to appease the American public in the ideal that the U.S. stands for individual rights, capitalism and the pursuit of happiness. However, the ideal is just that: a concept of perfection in the most general sense. The ideals of democracy and prosperity already exist for Americans; they are not so concerned with the rest of the world.[i] This has not always been the case: the purpose of the 40-some year Cold War was to check the expansion of communism, a purpose that Americans agreed was a necessity. Now that we are the sole remaining super power, Americans are not sure where to go with its privilege. After all, ?lacking purpose, power does not exist.??
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U.S. Defense Spending, 2004.
This paper discusses that there is no legitimate reason for the United States to increase its defense spending.
1,560 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that America?s current military spending is exceptionally high and has the country in a downward spiral towards financial disaster. The author points out that the funds are not coming from the wealthy supporters of Bush?s administration, but, instead, they are already coming from cuts to much-needed public programs. The paper concludes that the U.S. government should be focusing its attention on peaceful alternatives to military action because the people of the world want peace.
From the Paper
"What benefit has come from the redirection of fund from the American working class to our military? Our government claims that we have liberated Iraq and that we are currently providing them with invaluable assistance. Unfortunately, this does not seem to be the case. ?Iraq has been reduced to a state of intolerable chaos.? Electricity is only available to some areas for a couple of hours each day, which is far less than was available before the war, which is affecting the ability of hospitals to treat the ill. There is also a lack of clean and safe drinking water, which combined with lack of refrigeration and air conditioning as well as limited vital supplies is leading to soaring death rates. Iraq remains largely unemployed.
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The U.S. and the Arab/Israeli Conflict, 2005.
Examines the role of the United States in the Arab/Israeli conflict in the United States.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this paper it is shows that the origins of the Israeli/Arab conflict reflect the Jewish Nation, and how American funding helped to build their army. In this manner, the creation of a military helped to oust the Palestinian who now had to leave due to the Jewish presence in the region. The paper argues that by creating a military complex through U.S. support, Israel used their military to validate land acquisitions, which they could not defend. Also, through American military support and training, the Jewish state was encouraged and fostered in its earliest stages through American intervention.
From the Paper
"This political study will examine the origins of the military intervention by the United States in Israel, as well as the economic aid that began the conflict with the Palestinians in the region. By understanding how the United States funds the military complex of the Israeli military, one can realize how the 'conflict' between Arab and Jew was created and propitiated through violence and political struggle between the two societies. The early aspects of the Israeli-Arab conflict in Palestine can be defined from the past financial international military aid America has given to Israel since the 1960s. The growing rate of military aid up until 1982 was of paramount importance to stability in a region with strong ties to American Jewish lobbyists and others interested in formulating a Jewish state since the end of World War II."
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International Fund Assistance to Afghanistan, 2007.
An analysis of the reasons for the failure of the international fund assistance directed toward Afghanistan.
2,230 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses international assistance that has been directed toward Afghanistan following the United States invasion after the September 11 terrorist attacks in America. The paper argues that this international assistance has been a failure and it discusses the reasons for this suggestion. It then discusses the role of the Committee for the Reconstruction of Iraq and Afghanistan and what it has achieved.
From the Paper
" One more reason for the failure was the Bush administration's cooperation with regional warlords, i.e., its decision to ally with them and their militia (Dorgan 2004). These warlords destabilized Afghanistan's central government, inhibited reconstruction efforts, enhanced the resurgence of narcotics production and trafficking, and contributed to human rights abuses against the Afghans. Yet the US continued to send financial support to these regional commanders and rely on their forces in dealing with remaining Taliban (USIP 2004 as qtd in Dorgan). The CIA simply handed suitcases of cash to these warlords to rearm or enable them to resume former positions in dealing with the Taliban. It also provided them with seed money for smuggling, drug trafficking and overall criminal activity (Dorgan)."
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The International Monetary Fund and its Assistance to Russia, 2000.
A brief explanation of the bailout and assistance rendered to Russia by the International Monetary Fund during the financial crisis of the late 1990's.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 32.95
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From the Paper
"Established in 1946, the IMF was formed as an international organization of 182 countries, established to promote international monetary cooperation, orderly exchange arrangements; that fosters economic growth and high levels of employment; have exchange stability, and to provide temporary financial assistance to countries under enough safeguards to help ease balance of payments adjustment. It was now time for Russia to turn to the world for help."
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The U.S. Military's War on Drugs, 2006.
This paper examines the role of the U.S. military in aiding Latin American countries win the war on drugs.
2,024 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the growing cocaine and marijuana market in Latin American countries and the lack of local resources available to prevent this valuable and profitable industry from expanding even more. The writer of this paper details the U.S. military's role in aiding these countries, as well as the cost to the American people, while pondering if the American military should even be involved in drug related issues outside the U.S. The cost for the military intervention in the war on drugs continues to rise and has created entirely new perceptions about money and the military both within and outside the U.S. This paper discusses the military involvement in the war on drugs and cites the leading recipients of aid, military equipment, training and personnel. This paper also delves into a program, involving military participation, which was recently introduced in Congress, called the Western Hemisphere Drug Elimination Act. This act would authorized $2.3 billion over three years for military hardware, personnel, training and a small amount for alternative crop development in various Latin American countries.
From the Paper
"Even though the House and various representatives have called on military action, the Pentagon was reluctant- albeit, it finally was dragged into it. Even though the Pentagon budget continues to grow, year after year, there are still concerns that legislators who dole out the tens of millions of dollars are underestimating the total cost. In a recent report to the House and Senate armed services committees, the Department of Defense estimated that "24-hour surveillance of the U.S. 'southern fence', the border from Jacksonville, Florida, to San Diego, full interdiction capability, and C13 programs, would cost between $480.4 million and $760.5 million annually, depending on the equipment mix ." All this money without a single soldier leaving the continental U.S.- even though advisers may now be operating in the various targeted Latin American countries. All that has been publicized, and strongly so, are planes and equipment, everything from helicopters to flame throwers which are supposed to be used by the local troops."
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The Evolution Of U.S. Military Communications, 2004.
Discusses the evolution of U S military satellite communications.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the evolution of U.S. military satellite communications, the improvements made upon each new program and the impact on today's military. It looks at the requirements of today's military force and the main objectives of the satellite communications program.
From the Paper
"For today's modern warfighter the ability to communicate effectively is the key to success on the battlefield. U S soldiers must operate covertly in unfamiliar and hostile territory and they must know where their allies are, where their enemies are and what each is doing. Today's military must be lighter, more mobile and more lethal and the improvements made in military satellite communications ..."
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Labor Relations in the U.S. Military, 2005.
Examines the U.S. military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy toward homosexuals and how this leads to strained labor relations.
1,067 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The military policy of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" was developed to be a compromise between those who felt homosexuals should be allowed to serve in the military and those who wished them banned. However, due to multiple international conflicts, such as the war in Iraq, the Pentagon has issued a stop loss order for military personnel and the discharge of openly gay military members has, in many cases, been suspended, by simply ignoring claims of homosexuality or using the loophole that was devised to be able to retain members if needed. This paper examines the topic and shows that this hypocritical waffling is one of the military's biggest labor relations issues that needs to be addressed immediately.
From the Paper
"Although some gay servicemen have been discharged since the United States went to war in Iraq, cases such as Nguyen's and Hill's show that this is not always the case. Not only are military commanders not accepting simply a statement of homosexuality as proof, but also they are relying on the "for the good of the service" loophole to retain homosexual service members as well. As situations in other parts of the world intensify, such as Korea, Iran and Syria, and military troops are spread thinner, it is likely that the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy will continue to be overlooked and the built in loophole utilized more and more to retain all members of the service, no matter what their sexual orientation."
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Public Support for the U.S. Military, 2001.
This paper looks at public support of the U.S. military action in the 1990s.
2,170 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth examination of the American public's support military involvement during the Clinton/Gore administration. The author looks at several gallop poll surveys taken to gauge the American public's support for military involvement in areas around the globe. The polls taken include questions about Kosovo, the Balkans, Panama and the Middle East. The results of these surveys show that although there was wide public support to keep the military strong and prepared during this administration, when it came to actually sending troops into battle, the support was mixed. This, the author states, is keeping with American tradition of wanting to have strong military, but avoiding unnecessary involvement in conflicts abroad.
From the Paper
"Thus when one asks the question of how high was the level of public support for U.S. military involvement during the Clinton/Gore administration, one must be content to allow for some measure of uncertainty in the answer. There is also, in this case, the fact that ?U.S. military involvement? is not a homogeneous principle. Some wars are in general considered to be ?good? wars. Most Americans think that their country did the right thing in World War II. The level of public support is much less, of course, for Vietnam. There are no doubt Americans who passionately believe that the United States has done the right thing by intervening in the Balkans but thinks that we should stay out of the Middle East, just as there are no doubt Americans who think that we should be much more activist in the Middle East but stay as far away as possible from the political, military and historical powder keg of the Balkans."
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U.S. Military Intervention in Iraq, 2002.
An essay that analyzes the issues of U.S. military intervention in Iraq if the U.N. weapons inspectors are hindered in their role.
1,513 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This essay focuses on the national debate in the US as to whether there should be military intervention in Iraq if the weapons inspectors are hindered. The writer presents an analysis of the arguments both for and against intervention and highlights the position of President Bush and those who oppose him. The paper maintains that Iraq has attempted to create weapons of mass destruction and needs to be stopped. It concludes by arguing that there is currently worldwide support for a US led initiative and this makes it an opportune time to persevere in attempting to bring stability to the region.
From the Paper
"There is a nationwide debate-taking place about whether or not the U.S. should intervene militarily if Iraq hinders the weapons inspection process. The debate is not just across political party lines, Americans from all walks of life are contemplating this decision. If war is declared with Iraq, the U.S. and hopefully, their allies, will be looking at a military campaign with the use of ground troops, possibly occupying Iraqi cities. I believe there is credible evidence that Iraq has attempted to produce weapons of mass destruction and should be stopped."
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