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Turks in Modern World Politics, 2003.
This paper discusses the role of the Republic of Turkey in contemporary politics as the only modern, secular Muslim state after its revolution during years 1910-1923.
3,075 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the fundamental principles of Turkey's foreign policy. It examines Turkey's role in World War II and asks whether the country was completely neutral or not. It discusses Turkey's membership in the United Nations; the conflicts between the Soviets and the Turks; the importance of the Korean War for the Turks; the role of Turkey as the only Muslim state in NATO; the Turks and the Greeks and Cyprus; the 1991 Gulf War and Turkey's role as the critical ally of the U.S ,and finally, Turkey in the EU.
From the Paper
""History has seen many great people. It has seen Alexander the Great's, Napoleon's, Washington's. However, in the twentieth century, the record for greatness was broken by Ataturk, this Turkish son of a Turk." as L'IIIustration Newspaper of France states after the death of a great leader, a true liberator in 1938. Among the great leaders of history, few have achieved so much in so short period, transformed the life of a nation as decisively, and given such profound inspiration to the world at large. With the foundation of today?s Republic of Turkey in 1923, Ataturk, literally the Father of the Turks, came up with a huge package of reforms to transform the sick, old Ottoman state into a young, modern Republic and a nation. This set of reforms is called Kemalism and it is the introduction and the rendering of the rights to the nation. It is the expression of the national sovereignty. It is an attempt to reach the level of the modern civilizations, it is westernization, modernization. It requires to experience a modern social life, to establish a secular state, and to govern with a positive science mentality. Ataturk?s words, which were brought by the idea of Kemalism, ?Peace at home, peace in the world,? give the basic principle of him about his views on world politics within his own nation and also in the world."
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India's Ancient Civilization to Modern Day Politics and the Legacy of the British Raj., 2001.
A look at India's development from as early as the 3rd millennium and how other nations and civilizations often imposed their rule on India. The primary focus of the paper is on how British rule in India continues to effect modern Indian politics.
3,960 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 6 sources, $ 107.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines how British rule has made an impact on Indian politics. Making comparison to Abdullah Hussein?s characters in ?Weary Generations?, the author suggests that British rule, in modern Indian politics, continues to be ?an unhappy marriage that still is not broken?. The second section of the paper discusses political institutions in contemporary India and their relevance, whilst the third section looks at Indian ancient civilization which the author suggests has led to a modern day philosophy of non-violence, religious tolerance. The paper concludes with a look at democracy in India as compared to that in China and Japan.
From the paper:
?The English made many external changes that led to the Indian people's desire and ability to become their own unified country. Although unification may never have happened without the influence of the British, it was the Indians themselves that eventually achieved their unity. The British could not completely unify India.?
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The Politics and Economics of the Modern State, 2003.
An examination of the importance of the development of the modern state in shaping both the political and economic orders constitutive of modernity.
3,103 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper embarks on an examination of the development of the modern state. It shows how, once the modern state had developed, it played a crucial role in shaping both the economic and political orders of modernity. Indeed, this work goes further by arguing that the modern state was active in managing, perpetuating, and regulating changes in the economic sphere. Furthermore, it was the central mechanism through which the changes in the political sphere were organised, formalised and exercised. A detailed account of the different ways in which the modern state shaped the political and economic spheres is provided and an attempt is made to explore how the modern state was able to do this. It ends by acknowledging the changing role of the modern state and re-evaluates its importance in a period marked by globalization.
From the Paper
"The ideals of the Enlightenment of the 18th century became inscribed within modernity, these were premised on the notion that the modes of thought and organisation associated with traditional society must be eradicated. Moreover, in the place of traditional society, a new society should be built which is rationally constructed through the application of reason. The Enlightenment marked a final decisive break between traditional society and the modern world and this period was charcterised by a great degree of optimism in the human condition. At the same time however new problems and issues were emerging as a result of the transformations, these can be viewed as being two-fold. Firstly, there was the problem of responding to the changes in the mode of production, and the activities of the bourgeoisie."
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"The Federalist No. 51" and Modern Politics, 2005.
A philosophical paper detailing "The Federalist No. 51" as it is relevant to both the canon of modern political thought and its historical genre.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a specific account of a multi-dimensional aspect of political thought: "The Federalist Papers". Zoning in on James Madison's detailed account of republicanism and the necessity of checks and balances, this paper surveys the importance of our national government's beginning.
From the Paper
"The roots of republican government and democratic ideals are firmly planted in James Madison's "The Federalist No. 51, The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments." Written on February 6, 1788, this essay is one of three documents that make up a group of political pieces known as The Federalist Papers. These documents were written by the three main proponents of the U.S. Constitution and the Federal Convention; Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison (Mulford 999). The collection of essays was first published in the Independent Journal, a political magazine based in New York, in addition to several other magazines. Ironically, the governor of New York, George Clinton, was an Anti-Federalist, an antagonist of governmental liberties, republican ideals, and the subsequent ratification of the U.S. Constitution (Mulford 999). "The Federalist No. 51" was written a year after Hamilton concluded that the state of New York would not ratify the Constitution. Subsequently, The Federalist Papers were published and widely disseminated in New York, in addition to several other states, in order to persuade and convince the Anti-Federalists to support the foundations of democratic republicanism and federalism."
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Populism and Modern Politics, 2004.
An examination of populism's history, roots and how active it is in our current society.
2,610 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how populism is not an ideology and argues that, along with elitism, it can be used effectively as a mechanism for understanding modern politics. It provides a definition of who is considered to be elite, a brief history of the elite and then the belief system associated with many of the elite: elitism. It also explains the core beliefs of populism, where it came from and what it is today. Finally it examines one of the most confusing events in modern politics; the election of Arnold Schwarzenegger as Governor of California.
From the Paper
"The Political Elite is the ruling class in a democracy that makes the actual governing decisions. In a democracy, their membership relies entirely on achievement, as they must be voted in, although they may have an advantage because of their membership in the Intellectual Elite, Economic Elite or Cultural Elite. In the past, this group has been made up of very different kinds of people. In today?s American Political Elite, it is fair to say that most members are also part of the Intellectual, Economic or Cultural Elite. In countries run by a Monarch, that person is the Political Elite because others can only have influence on the Monarch, while Monarchical power is usually transferred through bloodlines. In the past, Monarchical rule was based on military skill, political and religious ideas and command."
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Corruption in Modern Louisiana Politics, 2002.
This paper discusses political corruption in Louisiana.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 19 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Political corruption seems to be a way of life and the politicians' main sport in Louisiana. The state has had a history of elected and appointed officials who have either flown very close to the edges of what is legal and ethical and what is not, or have been shot down in full corrupted flight when caught with their hands once too often in the public till.
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Architecture: Modernism, Pre-Modernism and Post-Modernism, 2002.
A discussion of the different movements - pre-modernism, modernism and post-modernism - in architectural history and how each one differs from the other.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
A paper which discusses the different movements in architectural history and compares the differences between them. The paper shows how among these movements, modernism is the most popular and how it has influenced art and architecture in the United States and Europe. It shows, on the other hand, that pre-modernism is a less popular era in which architecture was influenced by the industrial age and its need for order and precision, and that Post-modernism was the movement that followed modernism and contains elements of both classicism and modernism.
From the Paper
"During the modernism movement, architects started using steel and iron more in their designs and they also started focusing on functional designs. Apart from the use of steel and iron, concrete was also brought back to the architectural world. It is important to know here that concrete is one thing that sets late 19th century buildings from pre-modernism architectural designs. While concrete was first used by the Romans in 5 B.C., it was later taken over by other materials such as marble, stone, brick etc. Modernists are responsible for the revival of concrete in architecture."
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Modern Political Theories, 2003.
A look at classical realism and complex interdependency theory in modern politics.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper exlores major tenets of classical realism and complex interdependency theory. It argues that classical realism does not provide adequate theories for modern politics because of the rise of nonstate actors, the decline in the importance of military force and the blurred boundary between domestic and foreign politics. Each weakness of classical realism is argued with a specific historical evidence. It also demonstrates how weaknesses of classical realism can be overcome by strength of complex interdependency theory.
From the Paper
"The traditional agenda of international affairs ? the balance among major powers, the security of nations ? no longer defines our perils or our possibilities. Now we are entering a new era. Old international patterns are crumbling; old slogans are uninstructive; old solutions are unavailing. The world has become interdependent in economics, in communications, in human aspirations. " Realist perspectives on politics have existed since Thucydides and have evolved through the work of scholars such as Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Rousseau. Tempered by two world wars, realism became the dominant discipline of international politics. Realism, focusing mainly on the roles of states and power in international politics, and elaborated by scholars such as Hans Morgenthau and John Herz, provides an effective frame for understanding international politics of the post world war era. However, witnessing tremendous incidents in international relations such as the Vietnam War, the oil crisis, the rise of a transnational advocacy networks, and the rapid post-war spread of multinational corporations, scholars have begun to realize that realism does not always provide adequate theory for every historical event. Consequently, they seek ?better? alternatives to realism. This search leads to two questions: in which areas is realism weak? And which alternative would be ideal for overcoming the weaknesses of realism? This essay will argue that classical realism, which is still crucial for understanding the concepts of power, national interests, and rationality, is particularly weak at accounting for changes in international politics such as the rise of nonstate actors, the decline in the importance of military force, and the blurred boundary between domestic and foreign politics. Nonetheless, the weaknesses of realism can be overcome, and it will be argued that an examination of the main tenets of both classical realism and complex interdependency theory reveals that complex interdependency theory provides a more adequate theory than does classical realism and can better account for the areas in which classical realism is weak. In order to clarify this argument, this essay will begin by describing the main tenets of classical realism and complex interdependency theory."
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Modern Political Theory, 2004.
Examines Machiavelli's political theories and his influence on modern political theory.
2,877 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the central idea of Machiavelli's political theory as it is presented his book, "The Prince". The paper talks about what prompted Machiavelli to write the book, the four things Machiavelli said a prince must possess in order to conquer lands and become more influential, Machiavelli's philosophy on being evil and practicing violence, Machiavelli's views on how a leader should receive advice, and how an interloper should be treated.
From the Paper
"Machiavelli?s political theory is found in his book, ?The Prince? which offers sound political and military advice to those in power. He was deeply concerned about his country and wanted to find out what was it that had turned France into a great country. France was united under one Prince and had been one highly successful country. Machiavelli closely studied the French monarchy and some other great nations in ancient history and decided that if Italy wanted to succeed the same way, it was required to follow some of the principles described in his book ?the Prince?. It is important to make it clear that most of the views expressed in his book take readers by surprise, in fact they might shock him because of their rather audacious nature. But they are likely to leave a reader wiser and more equipped with skills needed to run a country because they are not based on emotions but common sense."
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Modern Russian Political History, 2005.
This paper reviews in detail the intricacies of modern Russian political history from the writing of the new constitution to relationships with the E.U..
7,120 words (approx. 28.5 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 159.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although Russian politics may appear to be chaotic, several factors underlie the problems in Russia, such as the history, the republics and regions and the diversity of the various groups involved. The author points out that, during the long, conflicted drafting process of the new constitution from June 1990 to November 1993, attention was often focused on the highly visible, disputed separation-of-powers doctrine; however, the process of drafting a new constitution for Russia also became protracted by the less conspicuous but progressively contentious, division-of-powers issue. The paper relates that Yeltsin's actions during the 1991 coup did much to bring democracy to Russia but he did not lived up to such ideals; even though plagued by ill health, Yeltsin's competence as a leader had long been suspect and corruption, crime and economic malaise flourished in Russia.
From the Paper
"The EU foreign ministers expressed their support for the Council of Europe's continuing cooperation with and assistance to Russia under the condition that Russia abides by its commitments. They acknowledged the efforts made by the Russian authorities for having the presence of Council of Europe experts in Russia and their promise of allowing free access by the International Red Cross to the detention camps in Chechnya. Portuguese Foreign Minister Jaime Gama and EU high representative of common foreign and defense policy Javier Solana briefed the foreign ministers about their recent trip to Moscow, where they met with President-elect Vladimir Putin and Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov."
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Political Theories in Modern Society, 2002.
A comparison of the political theories of Toennies and Durkheim in modern society.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper will compare Toennies and Durheim with respect to what each implies or suggests as to the kind of politics possible today in complex modern societies. In doing so, a comparison of each man's analysis of the specific factors will determine the kind of politics each man takes to be possible. By analyzing these differing theories on politics in today's world, a well-balanced comparison can be achieved between these two men.
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Low Voting Turn Out and Political Apathy in Modern America, 2000.
A discussion of the reasons for the trend of low voter turn out in America.
1,081 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 37.95
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From the Paper
"March 7, 2000 was what we call ?Super Tuesday?. More than fifteen presidential primaries took place that day. Most of Americans were interested in whether who would win those primaries. However, some of Americans were also concerned that Americans do not seem to care about politics. It is because they are well aware of the fact that the participation rate of Americans in national elections is very low. According to G. Bingham Powell, Jr, only 59 percent of Americans voted in presidential elections from 1960 to 1978 and a much smaller percentage vote in congressional contests. Based on this information some might wonder why Americans do not show their political interest by voting more. Is it because of political apathy or something more than that? A lot of scholars have studied on this particular issue and they have concluded that having a large number of elections, hassle of voter registration, more chances to participate in politics other than voting, and decline in political party with strong ideology that differs from others have contributed to this trend."
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Political Humor in Politics, 2002.
The paper looks at the role played by political humor in providing both political information and comic relief.
936 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the different forms of political humor available and the range of media now available, from newspaper cartoons to digital clips sent by e-mail. The paper examines how political humor has become an increasingly influential force in the American political scene, with high profile politicians, such as the President, often becoming the main target of jokes. The paper portrays such humor as a useful tool in keeping citizens lighthearted in tense situations.
From the Paper
"In the United States, political humor has become a very popular entertaining form of entertainment, and is used as a way to make light of political situations and poke fun at the politicians that have been elected and are in the national spotlight. Political humor has been in newspapers and other forms of mass media since the elections of some of the first politicians. However, unlike the comedians of the French Revolution Era, political humorists today will not be beheaded for making jokes about the president."
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Political Analysis and Political Philosophy, 2002.
A look at whether the problems of political analysis and political philosophy are distinct.
6,093 words (approx. 24.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 143.95
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Abstract
Political analysis and political philosophy are two human activities engaged in by men striving to know the world. The problems of political analysis and political philosophy rest on the problems concerning man?s knowledge of the world. The paper shows that such knowledge is the result of attempts to describe, analyze, explain and interpret the actions and beliefs of men as they live in the real, material world. This essay presents an argument against that school which would draw a sharp distinction between two sorts of knowledge, each type being the result of a separate and distinct activity. According to this school, political analysis is concerned solely with the identification and description of political phenomena. The paper explains that the problems of political analysis are, thus, said to be ?scientific? problems, directed towards the discovery of empirically testable scientific ?laws?. This essay shows that, despite its empirical orientation, political analysis is underpinned by a wider set of theoretical perspectives, such that analysis itself reflects elements of the observer?s political philosophy. The paper concludes that political analysis and political philosophy are intimately connected; many of the ?problems? are common to both. Each activity - analysis and philosophy - heightens the level of human knowledge.
From the Paper
"What is presented to the political analyst is a mass of apparently chaotic social phenomena; what Heinrich Rickert calls ?formless matter?. The task of the political analyst is to structure and give order to that part of reality he has chosen to explain. Already we have recognized two crucial problems for political analysis. The first arises from the necessity of selecting specific areas of reality for study. I shall discuss later the way in which a certain limited range of ?problems? present themselves for the political analyst?s particular concern. The problem-field is limited in such a way that the possibilities for different accounts of politics is itself restricted. The task of political analysis is also complicated by the fact that knowledge of the world is not immediately attainable; understanding is mediated through mental constructions and elaborations (language, concepts and constructed arguments) of real, observable situations and events. Thus, Aron says of the methodology of science ?all science is an elaboration or construction of formless matter? (2)."
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"A Look at Modernity: An Introduction to Modern Societies", 2005.
An analysis of European colonialism as interpreted in the book "A Look at Modernity: An Introduction to Modern Societies."
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at the impact of European colonialism upon its own self-identity and upon its place in the world by reviewing a text entitled, :Modernity: An Introduction to Modern Societies.: While the reading glosses over the impact of the Europeans upon the indigenous peoples they were displacing, it does offer some interesting insights into how overseas adventurism changed European cartography and self-identification.
From the Paper
"As much as Western imperial powers may wish otherwise, there can be little doubt that colonialism inflicted great harm upon many indigenous peoples the world over. Of all the many depredations that can be laid at the feet of colonial activity, one of the most pernicious was - and remains - population displacement. Among other things, this paper will examine the extent to which population displacement is treated in Modernity: an Introduction to Modern Societies. As will soon become evident, the paper refers to the issue of population displacement only obliquely while focusing far more upon the impact of Western expansion and colonialism upon western self-identity. "
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