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The True Nature of Cannibalism: A Tribute to the Deceased, 2001.
This paper examines the historical realities and significance of cannibalism and cannibalistic peoples.
2,085 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
Using historical evidence of cannibalism existence, this paper identifies different forms and practices, and explains the motives for such behaviors.
From the Paper
"For millions of years, the majority of humans and their ancestors around the world have eaten meat, derived from a countless number of animals. However, the majority of these people have avoided one particular kind of meat: human flesh. For a human to knowingly eat the flesh of his own kind has been taboo to the most extreme definition of the term. Even the thought of it provokes a deep-rooted, enculturated repulsiveness that is so powerful it has actually prevented modern humans from eating remains of dead people for the sole purpose of survival (Barker, Hulme, and Iversen 1998:37). In other words, they would rather die than eat the meat of another person. The general practice of eating human flesh, anthropophagy, commonly referred to as cannibalism, has always been a subject full of controversy and debate. Hundreds of scientific studies have been published on the subject, but few have focused on the anthropological reasons for its supposed occurrence. In order to understand the true nature of cannibalism, it is necessary to examine it from a number of different perspectives. First, the historical evidence indicating that it took place must be carefully analyzed and interpreted. Second, the different forms of cannibalism must be identified and defined, and examples of their historical presence must be cited. Lastly, the motives of each type need to be explained, detailing the various tendencies of cannibalistic peoples and their practices. Only then will the appropriate significance of cannibalism and its existence become clear."
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Cannibalism Along the Oregon Trail, 2002.
A discussion of cannibalism in 1846 along the Oregon Trail.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This three-page undergraduate-level paper discusses cannibalism in 1846 along the Oregon Trail. The experience of the Donner Party is examined in order to resolve the issue of whether or not cannibalism is ever justified.
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Cannibalism, 2005.
A discussion on the evidence of Cannibalism.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the evidence for cannibalism among homo erectus and other Late Pleistocene hominids. The paper reviews Chinese and Spanish sites in detail in order to weigh the evidence for cannibalism. The author concludes that they do in fact prove that it happened.
From the Paper
"Everything we know about ourselves ends in mystery. Of course we are intimately familiar with the circumstances of our daily lives as individual human beings. We know our faces, bodies, activities, friends and family ..."
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Aztec Cannibalism, 1991.
This paper discusses Aztec cannibalism in Mesoamerica now part of Mexico: Human sacrifice and eating of remains, causes, theories and religious aspects.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 8 sources, $ 87.95
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From the Paper
"The Aztec Empire existed in a region of Mesoamerica which is now part of Mexico. In the early sixteenth century, Spanish conquistadors, led by Hernan Cortes, conquered the Aztec people and destroyed their culture as it existed at the time. One of the most shocking aspects of that culture to the Spaniards was the fact that the Aztecs practiced human sacrifice on a massive scale. The invaders were further shocked when they realized that the Aztec Indians also routinely engaged in cannibalism with the remains from their human sacrifices. In addition to the eyewitness accounts of the Spanish conquistadors, there is evidence of both human sacrifice and cannibalism to be found in the ancient writings of the Aztec people themselves. These writings show that the Aztecs had a religious motive in undertaking human sacrifices. They believed that if their gods were not periodically ... "
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Anasazi Cannibalism, 1999.
Evaluates archaeological evidence for cannibalism among American Southwest people. Looks at the functions & significance of death-related rituals, research findings, methods & interpretations.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 15 sources, $ 127.95
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From the Paper
"Evidence for the practice of cannibalism by the Anasazi people of the American Southwest has been growing during the last three decades. As archaeologists have excavated new sites and re-examined findings from previously explored locations, the taphonomic and forensic analysis of human skeletal remains has led to a hypothesis of cannibalism at as many as 28 Anasazi sites. Though the first suggestion of cannibalism was made in 1902, the absence of any sign of such a practice in the ethnographic literature may have mitigated against thorough investigation of the notion. But with the systematic application of the methods of physical anthropology archaeologists have steadily produced a body of cases in which cannibalism seems the most likely explanation of anomalous states and dispositions of human remains. The reasons behind the practice--whether it was.."
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"A Modest Proposal" ( Jonathan Swift ), "Of Cannibals" ( Michel De Montaigne ) and "Leviathan" ( Thomas Hobbes ), 1999.
Critiques these writers' views on the darker side of human nature.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Jonathan Swift ("A Modest Proposal"), Michel de Montaigne ("Of Cannibals"), and Thomas Hobbes (Leviathan) offer comparable views on the darker side of human nature.
From the Paper
"Jonathan Swift ("A Modest Proposal"), Michel de Montaigne ("Of Cannibals"), and Thomas Hobbes (Leviathan) offer comparable views on the darker side of human nature. Their views reflect patterns of the world in which we live as that world slips into an increasingly self-centered, frightened, materialistic and God-less reality.
Swift satirically presents a terrifying solution to the problem of overpopulation, specifically, from the British perspective, the overpopulation of poor Irish who were seen to be having too many children and who would inevitably require British aid to care for those children. Swift suggests a solution: the children should be eaten:
I have been assured by a very knowing American . . . that a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old ..."
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Create a True Experiment for Stationary Cameras, 2008.
A comprehensive description of the creation of a true experiment for the use of stationary cameras in a high-risk crime area.
3,241 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper, broken down into five parts, describes the creation of a true experiment to examine the use of stationary cameras in crime prone areas. All elements are included, explained and discussed. The author also includes discussions related to data gathered, the test instrument itself and the validity and reliability of the results. The forth section discusses the advantages and disadvantages of cross-sectional, panel and trend designs and which is most effective. Finally, in the fifth section, the writer presents a discussion of the relationship among the various concepts explained in the text.
Outline:
Part 1 - Create a True Experiment for Stationary Cameras
True Experiment Requirements
Design of the Experiment
Abstract
Comparison Groups
Variation in the Independent Variable
Random Assignment
Conclusion
Part 2 - Create a Test Instrument
Nominal Data
Ordinal Data
Interval Data
Ratio Data
Part 3 - Validity and Reliability of Survey
Validity
Reliability
Part 4 - Cross-Sectional, Panel and Trend Designs
From the Paper
"One of the ways to determine the causal impact of certain conditions upon social groups it through the use of "True Experiments". True Experiments contain at least three elements, being: at least two comparison group, an experimental group and the control group; before the measuring of change in the dependent variable, a variation must be made in the independent variable; and, members of the comparison groups are randomly assigned (Schutt, 2006, p.201). These elements are important in determining the causal mechanism and controlling the experiment."
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Plato's Quest for True Knowledge, 2002.
Examining Plato's paradox of the search for true knowledge and how one will know when one has discovered this knowledge.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Plato states that for true knowledge, the process known as learning is actually a process of uncovering or recollecting what the individual already knows. It explains that as a solution to the question of how one will know when the correct answer is found this is ingenious. But this is not Plato's essential answer to the paradox. The true resolution lies in Socrates' demonstration that one can, through inquiry, come to knowledge of an object even though one has no knowledge of it to begin with.
From the Paper
"As Socrates puts it, during the discussion of what the slave has accomplished in the exercise in inquiry, "a man who does not know has in himself true opinions on a subject without having knowledge" (85c). Plato's theory of recollection may provide an explanation of how the individual is able to proceed along the path toward knowledge and how he knows when he has discovered knowledge. But recollection is, in itself, inadequate to the task of inquiry which is, as Socrates shows, essential to acquiring knowledge even if this is essentially an uncovering of knowledge the individual possesses from previous incarnations.
Socrates' method on being asked about a particular object (usually a virtue) is to deny that he has any knowledge of the object of inquiry and then to prompt the other to explain what he knows about that object. Those with whom he speaks inevitably have opinions or beliefs about the object in question. As the interlocutor supplies his answers (his opinions and beliefs) Socrates leads him, by careful questioning, to see that he does not, in fact, have the knowledge of the object that he thought he possessed. Thus Socrates invariably demonstrates to the other party that, like Socrates, he too does not know what the virtue is. This leaves the other man, as Meno says, feeling like he has been stung and numbed by the hidden barb of a sting-ray (80a). But in Meno's case the interlocutor begins to question the whole process of inquiry in which they are engaged. Meno poses a paradox for Socrates which presents a genuine puzzle."
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"It's True, These Last Few Years I've Lived", 2004.
This paper discusses the meaning of Adrienne Rich's poem "It's True, These Last Few Years I've Lived" .
678 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper serves as an analysis of the meaning of Rich's poem, "It's True, These Last Few Years I've Lived". In this article, the writer discusses the worldview of the speaker in the poem and the techniques used by Rich to evoke that view.
From the Paper
"The speaker in Adrienne Rich's 'It's True These Last Few Years I've Lived" maintains that over the past few years she has lived. However, the speaker of the poem is filled with irony as she maintains this act of living. For while Rich's poem maintains the speaker has lived, the speaker is actually maintaining that life is nothing but a process of loss. How the speaker has lived has only been to fight against this loss in a manner that has ... "
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"What True Education Should Do", 2005.
A review of Sydney Harris's "What True Education Should Do".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
According to Sydney Harris, the educational system treats students as "animate sausage casing[s]." To quite a large degree, this perspective is true. The student is given a certain amount of time to complete the goals the teacher has set forth on the syllabus, no matter how well he or she may be able to comprehend that information in that time. This paper responds to Harris' essay, examining his perspective in relation to both grade school and the college or university level.
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"The Canning Season" and "True Confessions of a Heartless Girl", 2005.
An analysis of the theme of childhood and innocence in "The Canning Season" and "True Confessions of a Heartless Girl".
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the books, "The Canning Season" and "True Confessions of a Heartless Girl". It focuses on the them of childhood and innocence, with supporting documentation that both supports and dispute that these concepts are valid. The paper further offers citations from each book that support this concepts, contending that just because people are stricken with tragic elements in life, it does not mean that there can be no innocence in childhood.
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"The True Story of Ah Q", 2007.
This paper discusses the Chinese story "The True Story of Ah Q" by Lu Xun.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper examines "The True Story of Ah Q", which appeared in 1921 as a story attacking archaic ways of thinking in Chinese society. The paper describes how this book portrays the everyday sufferings of a typical Chinese vagrant and his daily battles to remain alive and to keep his self-respect. The paper explains that, when publishing the story, Lu Xun hoped that it would inspire people of conscience to want to do something towards alleviating poverty and promoting social reform.
Outline:
Introduction
The Story
Political Significance
From the Paper
"Lu Xun or Lu Hsun was a pen name used by Zhou Shuren (1881-1936) when publishing different short stories that usually offered criticism of Chinese society. Lu Xun wanted a radical change in China that he saw had to remove old and often repressive social customs. His early life allowed him to see a good deal of what life was like for ordinary Chinese as he was born to poor parents yet had an educated mother to encourage his studies. Lu Xun studied at the Jiangnan Naval Academy, the School of Railways and Mines in Nanjing and then became a medical student at Sendai in Japan. He also became familiar with social reform movements in China which he supported and at the turn of the 20th century saw the need for a literary movement to convince more people of what had to leave Chinese culture if the country was to be more humane, let alone to modernize."
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True Nature in "Macbeth", 2005.
An analysis of the theme of facades, true nature and intentions in William Shakespeare's "Macbeth".
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the facades that characters present throughout "Macbeth" are often very contradictory to their true nature and intentions. It attempts to show how the play demonstrates that although appearances can always be deceptive, in the end the truth cannot be concealed.
From the Paper
"Macbeth trusts the witches and they deceive him, leading him to destruction. They appeal to his ambition and pride. 'All hail Macbeth! That shalt b e king hereafter!" With the witches prophecy Macbeth converts to a path of wickedness, murdering the king and becoming increasingly evil. The witches deceive Macbeth with simple truths. Banquo illustrates this theme. "But 't is strange: and oftentimes to win us to our harm, the instruments of darkness tell us truths; win us with honest trifles, to betray in deepest consequence." When Macbeth is on a harmful path and seeks reassurance the apparition deceives, "The power of man, for none of woman born shall harm Macbeth." Macbeth is betrayed into feeling out of harm's way. The apparation also prophesises, "Macbeth shall never vanquish'd be, until great birnam wood to high Dunsinane Hill shall come against him." This foresight is supposedly correct but misleads Macbeth to further destruction. "
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Romanies: True Victims of the Holocaust, 2005.
The Romani involvement in the Holocaust is discussed along with their pre-war and post war treatment. Arguments are reviewed regarding their status as true victims of the Holocaust.
5,161 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
A thorough research paper that discusses the treatment of the Roma (Gypsies) during the Holocaust, and the controversy that surrounds the way they are remembered in the Holocaust. The paper details the Nazi logic leading to the Holocaust, the targets of the Holocaust and the arguments of the debate on whether or not Romanies should be considered true victims of the Holocaust.
Paper Outline:
Background
Leading up to the Holocaust
Nazi Logic
Targets of the Holocaust
The Holocaust
Treatment of Jews and Roma during the Holocaust
Post World War Two Treatment
Roma Minimization in the Holocaust
Holocaust Controversy
From the Paper
"Proponents of Roma exclusion as victims of the Holocaust point to the overall death rates as proof that the Roma were not targeted for total annihilation. Research by Brenda and James Lutz offers an explanation for the discrepancy in the number of deaths. They attribute the difference in death counts to location. Their research has found that in areas under direct Nazi control, Gypsies and Jews were eliminated in equal proportions. The difference in death counts are found in areas that were not under direct occupation by the Nazis. Fortunately for the Roma, the majority lived in such places were the government refused to cooperate in the Nazis plane to eliminate the Gypsies and Jews."
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"Of Cannibals", 2002.
An analysis of the essay "Of Cannibals" written by sixteenth century writer Michel de Montaigne.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 1 source, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The essay "Of Cannibals" is a narrative prose by 16th Century French writer, Michel de Montaigne, describing the culture of a South American tribe (Native Americans). In it, Montaigne compares the Native American tribe's society and culture with that of Western society. This paper discusses and enumerates these comparisons between the two societies, as well as describes in detail the different social customs and lifestyles of the cannibalistic group. A comparison and analysis of the differences between the two societies in Montaigne's point of view is made for further understanding of the author's objective, that is, to criticize Western society of its conservative and strict compliance to dogmatic beliefs that continually plague the people from Western societies. Thus, Montaigne analyzes "barbarism" and "civilization" in context of the two societies.
From the Paper
"The act of war and cannibalism in this tribe is one important comparison of Montaigne to the Europeans. The author justifies the tribe's barbarism and cannibalism through several explanations. According to him, barbarism, or the act of war popular among tribes people, is one of the two important articles taught in their society, that is, valor towards their enemies or "resolution in war." Cannibalism is said to be done not "for nourishment", because cannibalism for the tribes people is an "extreme form of vengeance." Montaigne justifies this "barbarous horror of so cruel an action" by comparing the tribe's cannibalism with that of "cannibalism" in Western society. For him, the tribe?s cannibalism is much more honorable and just, since the prisoner is killed first and only eaten when he was already dead. The Western society, on the other hand, practices a more "barbarous" act of cannibalism because, as Montaigne had described, "[I] conceive there is more barbarity in eating a man alive, than when he is dead... in tearing a body limb from limb by racks and torments... among neighbors and fellow-citizens... under color of piety and religion...""
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