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Tornadoes on Campus, 2004.
This paper is a risk analysis and management assessment of a tornado striking a university in the Midwest.
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses that, even if you have never been through the ?tornado experience?, you can still be on the lookout in the sky for a greenish or greenish-black color common to approaching tornadoes. The author points out that one should be especially wary if local weather or disaster authorities have issued a tornado watch, which means that a tornado is possible within a narrowly-specified period; a tornado warning is even more serious. The paper relates that, no matter how many tornadoes you have suffered through at home or on your farm, it is particularly important in multi-storied, crowded buildings to move to the interior of the structure, preferably a stairwell or hallway.
Table of Contents
Step 1: Awareness
Step 2: See a Tornado in the Sky
Step 3: The Tornado Strikes
Step 4: What to Do before a Tornado Strikes to Mitigate Risk
From the Paper
"It is helpful to be aware of what a tornado is, meteorologically and chronologically speaking. There are four main stages in a tornado's life. These are the organization stage, the mature stage, the shrinking stage, and the decaying stage. In the organization stage, the weather conspires to create the classic, funnel-shaped cloud. The mature stage means that the tornado cloud is not at its largest size. ?The funnel then decreases to a thin column in the shrinking stage, and becomes fragmented and very disorganized in the decaying stage, although it is still a destructive funnel.? "
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Tornadoes and the Damage they Cause, 2006.
This paper analyzes the impact of atmospheric phenomenons while primarily focusing on the causes and effects of tornadoes.
1,932 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the effects of tornadoes, one of the deadliest atmospheric conditions known to man. This paper also details the event of May 30, 1998 in which a tornado hit the small town of Spencer, North Dakota. This paper examines the differences between tornadoes, hurricanes and cyclones. Tornadoes differ from hurricanes in that they form over land, while hurricanes form over water. This paper explores how tornadoes develop as well as the atmospheric conditions that must occur to form tornadoes, including vast thermal instability, high humidity and the meeting of warm, moist air at low levels with cooler, drier air above. The writer also examines a recent trend, called storm chasing which has become a popular, recreational sport. Professional storm chasers include meteorologists and scientists who study storms to try to discover how to predict them earlier and understand just how they form.
From the Paper
"The National Weather Service (NWS) does have certain criteria that indicate certain weather patterns that spawn tornadoes. When these patterns occur, the NWS does issue "tornado watches," which can be upgraded to tornado warnings if the conditions persist or intensify. A warning tells people that a tornado may be imminent and they should take shelter immediately. Experts recommend that small, interior rooms are the best for shelter in the event of a tornado. Basements are good, but people should stay away from windows in any part of the house. Hiding under a heavy piece of furniture can also be a good idea. People are more educated about tornadoes than they were, and so they are better at protecting themselves when tornadoes strike. Many large cities have underground tornado shelters that help save many lives each year."
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Tornadoes, 2007.
A discussion of tornadoes from the viewpoint of an emergency management director.
1,329 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that tornadoes are one of nature's most powerful forces. The writer explores the strengths of a tornado, the type of damage it does and the steps that can be taken to warn communities of its possible arrival. The paper discusses the Doppler radar system that can detect a tornado while it is still in the sky, the tornado siren system and trained human storm chasers and spotters. The paper explains that one of the problems with tornadoes is their unpredictability, but as emergency management teams nation wide continue to improve, the public will become increasingly safer.
Outline:
Introduction
Damages
Assessment
Warning the Public
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Out of all the natural disasters that can occur, tornadoes are often considered the most damaging and the most dangerous. While earthquakes are unpredictable, they have not developed a history in the United States of frequent occurrence or many deaths. Hurricanes, with the exception of Katrina usually provide enough advanced warning that the emergency management coordinators can provide notice to evacuate. Tornadoes, however, often strike with little or no warning and they can come in "swarms" during optimum weather conditions(Gugliotta, 2003)."
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Tornadoes, 2002.
An examination of the phenomenon of tornadoes and their effect on the planet.
2,014 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the natural phenomenon of tornadoes and provides an in-depth discussion about what causes them. It then discusses ways of warning people against tornadoes and precautions that can be taken. It finally examines tornado frequency over the years.
From the Paper
"?Tornado? comes in English from a Spanish word ?tornada? that means ?thunderstorm?. As defined by Nation Weather Service, a tornado is a ?violently rotating column of air in contact with the ground and pendant from a thunderstorm?. Tornadoes result when there is stuffiest amount of moisture in the atmosphere at lower and mid levels, and when this condition gets combined with warm unstable air that rises above due to a lifting force. Initially, there should be some reason to cause air to flow upwards and to contribute in the formation of a tornado. This happens due to the fact that warm air is considerably lighter in weight than cold air (Earthbulletin). The buoyant air is produced as atmosphere gets heated near the ground surface. The heated air, which is warm and light, begins to rise upward and if during this phenomenon, a thrust of cool air is met, it further instigates the upward motion of air and could possibly trigger a thunderstorm."
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Predicting Tornadoes, 2002.
An examination of the process of predicting tornadoes.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes the process of predicting tornadoes. The use of technologies such as Doppler radar and Optical Transient Detectors is discussed, as are meteorological indicators of tornado formation in supercell storms.
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Tornadoes, 2002.
Reports on the causes and formations of tornadoes.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the formation of tornadoes. This destructive natural phenomenon takes place very often in the Central region of the United States. The warm moist air collides with drier air to form super cells, which are massive storm accompanied by violent powerful winds.
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Tornadoes, 1980.
This paper discusses tornadoes: Description, impact, susceptible areas, causes and forecasting.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The following research is on the subject of the tornado. A tornado is a storm that moves rapidly and leaves considerable destruction in its wake. This meteorological event happens several times each year in the continental United States, and the cost in life and property is usually high. The tornado is the msot violent weather phenomenon. The wind speed is greater than that in the worst tropical cyclone. The most affected American states are Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas and Iowa. In no other region of the world are the conditions so favorable to the formation of tornadoes, nor are they as frequent when they do occur. They usually occur in the spring and summer, accompanied by thunderstorms..
Tornadoes are revolving storms which turn counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere. They have a small diameter and a ... "
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Cyclones & Tornadoes, 1997.
Compares features, causes & effects, locales, direction, prediction of, size, related to hurricanes & thunderstorms.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to describe, contrast, and compare the tropical cyclone, which can develop into a hurricane, and the tornado. Although the term ?cyclone? is used also in popular parlance as a name for a tornado, this usage will be avoided here, since it would obviously be confusing. Cyclones and tornadoes are cyclonic phenomena, in that both consist of a mass of air that is whirling rapidly counterclockwise, but there are vast differences between them. The most important difference between the cyclone and the tornado is that the cyclone is a normal large-scale phenomenon--there are almost always cyclones somewhere within certain latitude belts of the northern hemisphere during many months of the year--but the tornado is a small-scale local phenomenon, and so inherently far more difficult to predict."
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Crime on Campus, 1998.
This paper examines the issue of student discipline and the pursuit of justice on college campuses.
13,560 words (approx. 54.2 pages), 38 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although there is a long legacy of criminal incidents and systemic injustices occurring on college campuses;the number of incidences of wild melees, rioting, cheating, hooliganism and serious criminal behavior are increasing greatly on many campuses. The author stresses that, even though more than eight years have passed since Congress first enacted the landmark Campus Security Act of 1990, the scope and magnitude of the problem of crime prevention and justice on campus is still not accurately understood. The paper stresses that, if accountability is to be included in any calculus of guilt or innocence, America's college administrators deserve special mention for their particularly underwhelming record, transforming too often what should resemble an intellectual journey into a life-threatening and too often hair raising tour through Dante's inferno.
Table of Contents
Prologue
Current Trends
Rioting: The New Rage and a Few Familiar Faces
Enforcement Efforts
Is Your School Safe?
Campus Crime: Not Just Numbers
Campus Courts
Campus Police Logs
Definitions Used for Compiling Crime Statistics
Campus Awareness Act of 1990
Background
The Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act
Campus Crime Statistics
Annual Security Reports
Campus Security Procedures and Programs
On-Campus Occurrences of Crime
Occurrences of Crimes Manifesting Evidence of Prejudice ("Hate Crimes")
Study Indicates Widespread Non-Compliance
From the Paper
"Property crimes (which here include only burglary and motor vehicle theft, since these are the only property crimes the Act requires institutions to report) were reported by about two-fifths of the institutions in each of the 3 years. According to 1994 statistics, 37 percent had experienced burglary on campus, while 23 percent reported at least one motor vehicle theft. The percentage of institutions reporting occurrences of violent and property crimes varied greatly by institutional type, whether the institution had campus housing, and the size of the institution. Public 4-year institutions, those with campus housing, and larger institutions were more likely to report occurrences of both violent and property crimes than were other types of institutions. For example, one or more violent crimes were reported by 78 percent of public 4-year institutions, about half of institutions with campus housing, and 84 percent of institutions with 10,000 or more students, compared with 3 percent of for-profit less-than-2-year institutions, 12 percent of institutions without campus housing, and 7 percent of institutions with less than 200 students."
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Campus Policing, 2005.
A thorough study into the current trends of security and law enforcement of university campuses.
14,210 words (approx. 56.8 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper examines that which is termed "campus policing". It explores the subject "campus policing" both in historical terms as well as the possible implications in today's world. It also examines and explores the perception that the student and teacher both hold of the campus police officer as well as exploration of the standards or requirements of the police officer employed in the university setting. This work also explores expectations and as to what standard the campus officer is held, by the campus community at-large, as well as the public viewpoint of the campus officer as compared to the expectations of local or country officers in standards of skill, education, training and in the overall role of the officer.
Table of Contents
Preface
Table of Contents
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations
Statement of Problem/Thesis
I. Background and History of Campus Policing
II. The Role of Campus Police Officer
III. The Campus Officer's Proper Role
IV. Campus Policing: Related Legislation and Law
V. Perception of Respondents
VI. Department of Public Safety Community Survey
VII. Research Methodology
VIII. Crime: Focus and Concern
IX. Limitations of the Study
X. Community Based Policing Program
Executive Summary
Synopsis
Campus Police Community Survey
Bibliography
From the Paper
"President Bush signed the "Crime Awareness and Campus Security Act", also referred to as "The Clery Act" in 1990. Universities and colleges, that are recipients of federal funding, are required by law to prepare as well as publish and distribute the crime statistics for the institution to students, teachers and faculty. Since that time many reports and studies have been conducted focusing on different aspects of the statistics, the methodology of collection of information, categories of the statistics and other invaluable information.
This paper intends to investigate and research campus policing with a focus on the perception held by constituents, that is; the faculty, teachers and students of the institution, as to the campus police officer in relation to the duties and ratings of the performance of those duties. This study intends to examine specific questions that have been posed in a typewritten survey and distributed to students at Houston Community College as to the System of the police department on the campus and surrounding adjacent areas and the campus neighborhood community."
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The 1925 Tri-State Tornado, 2007.
An analysis of the cause, impact and coverage of the 1925 Tri-State Tornado.
2,006 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the causes and mechanisms of tornadoes in general, with a focus on the 1925 Tri-State Tornado, and briefly touches on media coverage of the tornado. The paper looks at how the Great Tri-State Tornado, an F5 that devastated eastern Missouri, Southern Illinois and Southwestern Indiana on March 18, 1925, stands out as a distinct statistical rarity and how it has remained the single deadliest tornado in history, even after decades of record keeping. The paper also touches on media coverage of the tornado at the time.
From the Paper
"The week prior to the tragic date of March 18 was unusually warm across the Midwest. A cold front was expected to bring showers and thunderstorms and cooler temperatures from Canada. On the 18th, temperatures rose into the 70s, about 10 degrees warmer than normal for that time of year (NOAA News). Severe thunderstorms formed just behind the approaching cold front over southeast Missouri in the early afternoon. This cold-front helped create the tornado's parent thunderstorm that was centered over northwestern Arkansas, as shown in the Weather Bureau's daily weather map issued that morning. The same parent thunderstorm originally developed within a low pressure area that was centered over western Montana two days before the tornado hit (Potter)."
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Arming Campus Police, 2005.
This essay argues in favor of campus police being armed with guns and .
2,645 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that criminal acts, which reflect the surrounding society such as assaults, murders, robberies and vandalism, have increased markedly on campuses. Therefore, schools are struggling with whether to continue the policy promoting gun-free schools, which also means that the campus police do not have guns. The author points out that the campus community cannot be so naive as to believe that campus policemen who do not carry handguns can help prevent or crime or protect innocent people; towns people would not want their police not to carry handguns. The paper stresses that campus crimes will not decline if all police officers begin carrying handguns, but the crime rate most assuredly will not decline if they don't either.
From the Paper
"An armed police officer strolling through a college library may at first grip some students with fear, but it is also a comfort and a source of security to know that your safety is someone else's concern as well. Colleges are places of learning and culture because society has cultivated that image. This same image can be torn away through the fear of crime, which has no counterbalance. A college's survival depends on enrollment. If students fear they are not or cannot be protected, it is almost assured enrollment will drop, which will have a cascading effect on every aspect of the college from where students choose to attend to who receives research grants."
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Campus Crime, 2002.
This paper discusses ways to increase the reporting of crime on college campuses and to reduce its occurrence.
2,385 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that crime on college campuses has been evident for many years but historically has been under-reported. This paper analyzes types of college crime, particularly date rape, civil liability, architecture and its role in prevention, and campus security mission and focus to understand campus crime. The author believes that security teams, students, faculty and administrators need to further the collaborative nature of the solution to campus crime.
From the Paper
"One particularly heinous aspect of campus crime is associated with the growing phenomena of date rape or acquaintance rape. Though it is clear that stranger assaults do occur frequently upon college campuses, it is also clear that the more common form of rape is acquaintance or date rape. Acquaintance rape is often closely associated with drug and alcohol use, another troubling aspect of campus life. Linking the two together is a string of both experience and statistical evidence. "In the United States, researchers have often demonstrated through self-report and victimization surveys that sexual assaults are endemic on university campuses." Not only are the recreational use of drugs and alcohol associated with the occurrences of rape but also there is an alarming trend associated with the crime that resonates the seemingly un-punishable offender state that has been created by the aforementioned institutional environment."
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The Tornado, 2004.
This paper examines the mechanism of a tornado.
805 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that tornado observation and study date back more than three centuries. The author points out that the mechanism of a tornado is relatively simple when compared to the damage it does; a thunderstorm that has air pushed up into its storm over and over again provides the stage for tornado formation. The paper relates that, with storm chasers on the ground, airplanes in the sky, and current technology, the world knows more than ever before about the scariest natural disaster on earth.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background
Mechanism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Tornadoes form during the updraft stage of a thunderstorm. The updraft air begins to rotate and when this rotation occurs it forms something called a vortex. Wind shear is when the wind speed changes and the direction and height change. Wind shear is what maintains the vortex formation. While this occurs the rising air and up currents that are inside the cloud flow move in direction of the wind. This can all happen many miles above the earth while those below are innocent to its formation."
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Violence On College Campuses, 2002.
This paper addresses crime on college campuses, its frequency and type, and how it can be prevented.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses crime on college campuses, its frequency and type, and how it can be prevented, including how victims and administrators alike should react to reports of increased campus crime across the country.
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