| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "TIME OFFENDERS": |
|
|
First Time Offenders, 2005.
This paper is a detailed report of a research project to discover what average people think of when they hear about the sentencing process as it pertains to first time offenders.
2,405 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 73.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper relates that the research polled 320 (N=320) random individuals through a survey that gathered personal data and a scoring system of four dependent variables: (1) How serious is the offense?, (2) How much do you believe the offender deserved the penalty?,
(3) How pleased are you with the penalty the offender received? and (4)
Based on the crime, how fair do you believe the penalty is? The author points out that, based on this research, especially among persons who have been victims of crimes, a criminal history should play a major role in the sentencing process and that first time offenders should be treated differently than repeat and violent offenders. The paper relates that an assumption can be made that, even though offenders with no prior record merit less serious punishment, they also may be subject to a prejudicial jury in some instances. Many statistical tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Methods and Materials
Results Section
DV 1: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: How Serious this Offense?
DV 2: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: Did the Offender Deserve the Penalty?
DV 3: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: How Pleased are You with this Penalty?
DV 4: Tests of Between- Subjects Effects - Dependent Variable: How Fair is the Penalty?
Discussion Section
Appendix: Statistical Tables
From the Paper
"Over the last few decades, local, state and federal prisons throughout the United States have inmate populations that are steadily rising may even be as high as two million strong. This has added a great strain on society and of course the entire incarceration system. The media during this period of increased prison populations have proclaimed that the overall national crime rates have ironically fallen to new lows. This may imply that the public may have less to fear in regard to crime and victimization, but still policymakers and society should address sentencing policies so as to ensure that we are best utilizing punishment policies that ensure the safety of the masses and provides a reasonable rehabilitative opportunity for offenders. "Public opinion plays an important role in the sentencing process in Canada and elsewhere.""
| |
|
Vocational Programs for both Offenders and Non-Offenders, 2001.
A look at various educational programs for prisoners and the possible benefits thereof.
4,400 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 25 sources, $ 115.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the educational programs available for prisoners. The author discusses the controversial topic of prisoner education, the type of skills and rehabilitation that prisoners can acquire and the economic issues concerned. The author argues that the cost of housing a prisoner are higher than educating one and that the possible behavioral and life skills that prisoners may learn are beneficial in that they not only improve prisoners morale, self-esteem and academic level, they also produce positive behavior and provide an alternative for prisoners when they are released back into public life.
From the Paper
'Providing all individuals with educational services is a fundamental value in the American society. Discipline and education has been the mainstay of prison programs for inmates since the early years of our penal history. However, providing inmates with an education is a controversial issue, and presents a difficult dilemma to be confronted by tax-paying citizens. There are many conflicting opinions regarding whether we should strive to rehabilitate rather than to merely punish inmates. Yet, when one carefully considers the average cost to provide quality education against the cost of keeping one inmate adequately housed and fed for one year in a state or federal institution, the question becomes, ?How can we afford not to educate??'
| |
|
Juvenile Offenders, 2002.
A discussion of whether juvenile offenders should be tried as adults.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines, through a literature review, the issue of whether juvenile offenders should be punished in the same way as adults in light of the increase of crimes involving juvenile offenders and also the level of violence associated with such crimes. In response to the perceived skyrocketing in juvenile crime, states throughout the country have passed a variety of measures to send more juvenile offenders to criminal court. Historically our criminal justice system has encouraged law enforcement officials and prosecutors to focus on rehabilitation when it comes to juvenile offenders since law enforcement officials, prosecutors, and researchers believed that youths often make mistakes and are more able to learn and re-train their behavior than adult offenders who are often more jaded and violent. It evaluates how the decision to prosecute a juvenile offender as an adult has momentous consequences for the individual involved, with the juvenile offender frequently being confined with the general adult inmate population, arguably increasing the likelihood of recidivism since the juvenile offender will be exposed to ?new? crimes as well as techniques for avoiding punishment.
From the Paper
"There is a large array of literature concerning juvenile offenders and the issue of whether juveniles should be tried as adults. Presently there are three possible mechanisms used to allow juvenile offenders to be tried as adults. Judicial waiver involves a juvenile court judge transferring an adolescent to criminal court based on, among other things, the seriousness of the crime, the offender?s history, and the chances of the offender repeating his or her act. (Steinberg). Direct file policies allow the prosecutor to decide whether to file charges against a juvenile offender in criminal or juvenile court. (Steinberg). Finally, under statutory exclusion, certain categories of juveniles are automatically tried in adult criminal court. (Steinberg). Statutory exclusion is generally determined by a combination of age and the seriousness of the offense. (Steinberg)."
| |
|
Youthful Offenders Under British Law, 2006.
A research into how youthful offenders are handled by British Law.
2,108 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 66.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper researches the British legal system with regards to youthful offenders and the sentencing of juvenile offenders in British Courts. This research shows that more studies are necessary in order to develop a program to better assist young offenders in the British legal system.
Contents:
Research Proposal Objective
Statement of the Problem
Introduction
Methodology of the Research
Age of Juvenile Offender According to General British Law
Alternative Sentencing Solutions Available in British Courtrooms
Youthful Offenders: Custodial Sentence
Argument Both For and Against Custodial Sentencing of Young Offenders
Findings
From the Paper
"The age of 'responsibility' or 'accountability' in the criminal justice court in England and Wales is the age of 10. Juveniles in the age range between 10 and 17 years old must appear before a youth court upon receiving a criminal charge A National Institute of Justice report states that "the sanctions available to youth courts are more restricted than those for adult courts, the major differences being that fines can be imposed which parents must pay and supervision or attendance center orders may be imposed." (NIJ Report) Options exist that may be pursued in lieu of typical trial on the case the defendant is charged under. For example, the following options are available in the British Court/Legal System. Alternatives to trials exist, according to the National Institute of Justice Report due to the possibility of a "formal caution administered by the police, used disproportionately for young offenders...." Stated is that a caution of a formal nature makes as a requirement that specific conditions be met. Inclusive in these requirements is that the offender: (1) admit to the offense; and (2) The offender and their guardian must be willing to "proceed as the police wish".
The following is stated in relation to Youth Courts which are one within the division of various Special Courts: Courts. Youth courts are specialized magistrates' courts that adjudicate cases involving defendants less than 18 years of age. There are restrictions on the access of the public and press to such courts. The defendant and any other witnesses under 18 years old must not be identified. "
| |
|
The Gender Distribution of Sex Offenders, 2005.
Dispels the myth that sexual offenders are exclusively male.
2,948 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 87.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In the last fifty years, there has been a strong shift in the attitudes and beliefs that deal with sexual abuse and sexual offenses. This is particularly true when it comes to female sexual offenders and the rates at which they abuse others. This paper shows that the rates are actually much higher than were first thought and, most alarmingly, the rates of child sexual abuse are also rising. This appears to be the case for female sexual offenders as well as male sexual offenders, but some of this could come from the fact that female sexual offenders are just now beginning to be recognized in larger numbers. In other words, the abuse may have been just as prevalent in the past, but the rates at which it was reported and believed were much lower. The paper shows that, due to this, it was assumed that females did not commit sexual crimes. When most people, even today, think of sexual offenders, they assume that the perpetrator is male and the victim is female. This paper shows that in reality, this is not always the case.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Prevalence
Judicial and Mental Health Decision Making
Formal Culture
Training Initiatives
Organizational Policies
Crime Reports
DSM-IV and Sex Offending
Informal Cultures
Culture of Denial
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Individuals that are female, or 'feminine,' are considered to be nurturing, caring, protecting, non-aggressive, and non-sexual (Denov, 2003). Because of this, the idea that they might harm someone, especially in a way related to sexuality, is almost impossible for some individuals to comprehend, even if their knowledge and training tells them a different story. The sexual scripts that most people live by are not only heterosexual, but gender-based as well. Asking people to suspend this type of 'normal' thinking to say that a women is completely capable of a sexual offense is something that even those that are educated about the issue struggle with frequently (Denov, 2003). This could be part of the reason why so many women that are suspected of sexual offenses or even charged with them escape with little to no punishment by the judicial system and often do not spend as much time in counseling for their 'problem' as their male counterparts."
| |
|
Rehabilitation of Non-Violent Ex-Offenders, 2006.
An analysis of critical success factors for a reform and rehabilitation program to support non-violent ex-offenders.
6,135 words (approx. 24.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 144.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This study focuses on the potential benefits of a rehabilitation and support program for non-violent ex-offenders in the community. The intent of the research is to gain insight regarding the critical elements necessary for a rehabilitation program to succeed and help reduce rates of recidivism in the community. After conducting an extensive preliminary literature review, the paper shows multiple critical success factors for a successful ex-offender support program. In addition to the literature review, the researcher proposes further investigation and field research that examine inmates' views and opinions regarding the potential benefits of a rehabilitation program for nonviolent ex-offenders.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Problem and Objectives
Background Of The Problem
Significance of the Study
Preliminary Literature Review
Ex-Offenders Problems
Programs In Other Countries
Opinions On Programs To Aid Ex Offenders
Benefits Of Rehabilitation
Programs That Work
Social Support For Ex-Offenders
Summary of the Research
Methods
Results
Limitations Of Study
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"Every year more than 600,000 people are released from prison, and this number continually grows (Petersilia, 2005). Studies suggest that up to 93 percent of inmates are released at some point in time (Petersilia, 2005). The needs of ex-offenders continue to grow as fewer and fewer rehabilitation programs exist to house and enable ex-offenders to gain meaningful employment. Reentry programs are vital to the success of ex-offenders and may substantially impact rates of recidivism among ex-offenders (Petersilia, 2005)."
| |
|
Abuse of Male and Female Offenders in Prisons, 2002.
An examination and analysis of the many issues related to the abuse of male and female offenders in prisons.
926 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper begins by giving a general introduction to crime and its main causes. It then analyzes and examines the multitude of issues related to the abuse of male and female offenders in prisons. In the second part of the paper the writer discusses the nature and extent of this abuse. In the concluding section, recommendations are offered for improving the relationship between male and female offenders and prison officials. This is in order to eliminate or at least reduce the level of abuse of offenders in prisons. The paper argues that only when government, law enforcement officials, and society ensure that offenders have the same basic human rights as non criminals, will the practice of abusing inmates end.
From the Paper
"Few issues transcend all economic, educational, ethnic, occupational, political, religious, and social lines and impact all individuals, either directly or indirectly. Crime is one such issue, affecting all individuals and society, both economically and non-economically. The main causes of crime are relatively simple to identify, i.e., lack of affordable housing, lack of high-paying jobs for lower and middle class wage earners, lack of trust between citizens and police officers, racial tensions, rising unemployment, etc. However, while the main causes of crime are relatively easy to identify, few effective and viable solutions to eliminating and/or reducing crime have been identified and implemented".
| |
|
The Rehabilitation of Sex Offenders, 2002.
This paper scrutinizes various treatment methods available for sexual offenders (including sexual assault, incest and paedophilia) as well the future and societal issues concerning this problem.
2,717 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 14 sources, $ 81.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper endeavours to explore the different types of treatment employed in the rehabilitation process for sex offenders and what the current and future societal issues surrounding offender treatment are. It defines what a sexual crime is, what types of sexual offenders there are and the various styles of treatment that are currently employed to battle this type of psychosis. It looks at matching the type of treatment most influential to the different type of sexual offender and highlights some future concerns society needs to address in order to continue the research the rehabilitation of the sexual offender effectively.
From the Paper
Incest offenders usually do not have long criminal histories before the current charges, and most are being convicted for the first time. They are the most minimising and denying of the sexual offender sorts and will be adamant that it happened 'only once', that the child ?propositioned? them, that alcohol was to blame, etc. Destroying this system of denial and twisted beliefs is necessary and can perhaps best be achieved in tandem with family-based therapy. Within a correctional institution setting, endeavours must be made to contact the family and/or social service networks dealing with the family so as to successfully face the offender
| |
|
Adolescent Sex Offenders, 2006.
A look at the problem of child sex offenders, its prevalence in society and the tendency to overlook the seriousness of the problem.
1,544 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 50.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper begins by explaining how a child sex offender is defined and then takes a look at the reasons that make it difficult to determine its prevalence in society. The paper points out that the tendency to under report child sex offense cases as well as the tendency to downplay or dismiss the sexually abusive conduct as simple sexual curiosity make dealing with the problem more difficult. The paper also discusses problems with the way law enforcement handles child sex offense cases and the unfortunate results of not taking seriously this very threatening behavior. Additionally, the paper describes the differences between male child sex offenders and female child sex offenders and discusses some of the treatment options now available for these offenders.
From the Paper
"In addition to the fact that treatment and counseling are often suggested as opposed to criminal prosecution, is the fact that minors are often given the opportunity top plea bargain out of more serious charges, and therefore avoid the stigma of the, "sex offender" for the remainder of their lives. This leniency does more to enable the behavior in the future, than cure the problem and help the individual in the meantime. Additionally, it does nothing to reward brave victims for asserting their rights to be free from sexual assaults regardless of the age of the persecutor."
| |
|
Sexual Offenders Who Kill, 2002.
A discussion of the reasons why sexual offenders kill their victims.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Discusses reasons why sexual offenders kill their victims. The two types of sexual homocide. Signs that an individual may become a sexual killer. Value to investigation of profiling crime scenes & offenders. Treatements for sex offenders. Division of experts regarding success of psychological treatment. Dangers to society of release.
From the Paper
"Sexual killers often display aggressive and antisocial behaviors during their childhood, which escalates to sexual sadism in adulthood. The pattern and style of their killings involves domination, control, humiliation and sadistic sexual violence. The killers rarely show remorse, and the murders of the randomly chosen victims are committed with no sense of guilt or shame (Geberth, 1995). These psychopaths are morally bereft, incapable of intimacy and empathy, essentially being entirely egocentric. They reason in a way that is not acceptable to society and investigators must attempt to determine how their alternative reasoning works (Turvey par. 43-45). Examined in this paper are sexual offenders who kill and their reasons for killing, signs that an individual may become a sexual killer, the value of offender profiling, and..."
| |
|
Chemical Castration for Sexual Offenders, 2002.
The paper discusses whether the benefits gained from castrating sex offenders justify violating the constitutional rights of those treated with it.
964 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper examines the different chemical castration laws that call for such treatment on sexual offenders. It also looks the effectiveness of castration on different types of sexual offenders and the benefits of this treatment in reducing recidivism rates. The paper analyzes the danger of creating a false sense of security by relying solely on this treatment. It also discusses the infringement of offenders' constitutional rights by castration.
From the Paper
"Chemical castration is becoming a popular ?get tough? measure against sex offenders that is gaining popularity across the country. In 1996 California became the first state to enact a chemical castration law, and in 1997 three other states followed their lead. Under the California statute chemical castration is mandated for all paroled two-time sex offenders, and within the judge or parole board?s discretion for first time offenders. ?It will now be possible for judges in chemical castration jurisdictions to condition probation on the convict accepting chemical castration? (Meisenkothen 141). This widespread injection of the chemical castration treatment into the criminal justice system before the effectiveness and weaknesses of the treatment are fully understood is a mistake."
| |
|
Sex Offenders, 2004.
A discussion of therapy for sex offenders.
6,670 words (approx. 26.7 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 135.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper studies therapy for sex offenders. The paper examines human development issues associated with male sex offenders aged 18-40. The paper focuses on the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches for this population. The paper offers theories of sexual deviance and profiles of male sex offenders. The paper concludes that while these individual and group psycho- therapeutic approaches may be effective, they can also be counterproductive.
From the Paper
"This paper examines human development issues associated with young male sex offenders aged and years as well as the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches for this population. In the first half of the paper the developmental issues of a typical population..."
| |
|
The Seclusion of Sex Offenders is Not an Isolated Issue, 2002.
An argument for the harsh punishment of sex offenders while examining the various legal and social issues involved.
3,133 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Many sexual predators have admitted that they cannot control their urges to sexually and violently abuse women and children. This paper advocates that more strict legislative measures are needed that would prevent vulnerable individuals from being raped, abused and possibly killed by essentially "incurable" predators. It puts forward the proposal that if people were assured a harsh punishment if they were to commit a crime, they would be less likely to be able to justify their criminal actions as being ?worth the risk?. It discusses the holes in current legislation and how offenders are often not required to undergo sex offender treatment or evaluation and they are released into the community without being forced to adhere to sex offender registration laws and evaluates Megan's law. Megan's Law refers to the series of laws introduced in New Jersey following the murder of seven year-old Megan Kanka who was kidnapped, raped and murdered by her neighbor, a twice convicted sex offender who had committed a similar crime only months before. It analyzes the increasing public awareness and concern about crime together with intense media focus on the issue.
From the Paper
"According to Princeton University professor John DeIulio, ?almost half of the country's 671,000 parolees and probationers are caught committing serious new offenses within three years? (Feinsilber, 1997). Many sexual predators have admitted that they cannot control their urges to sexually and violently abuse women and children. For this reason we should not allow these dangerous criminals to terrorize our neighborhoods, schools and homes. It is therefore my contention that more strict legislative measures are needed that would prevent vulnerable individuals from being raped, abused and possibly killed by these essentially "incurable" predators."
| |
|
Juvenile Sex Offenders, 2007.
A review of the theoretical basis and causes of adolescent sexual aggression as addressed in academic literature.
9,746 words (approx. 39.0 pages), 80 sources, MLA, $ 198.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses how sexual aggression perpetrated by adolescents has represented a growing concern in the United States over the past decade and how adolescents account for the vast majority of cases involving rape and child molestation perpetrated by minors. It highlights the need to find a way to curb sexual aggression and in order to understand the causes and potential solutions for this problem, turns to the extant body of academic research.
Outline
Theoretical Basis of Sexual Aggression
Early Attachment
Childhood Attachment Styles
Adult Attachment Styles
Affect Regulation, Empathy, and Attachment
Fathers and Attachment
Adult Attachment
Adolescent Attachment
Etiology of Adult Male Sex Offenders
Classifications of Adult Male Sex Offenders
The Juvenile Male Sex Offender
Legal Definition of Sex Offenses
Current Research on Juvenile Offenders
Victims of the Juvenile Male Sex Offender
Demographic Characteristics of Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Etiology of Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Mental Health Issues of Male Juvenile Sex Offenders
Attachment and the Juvenile Sex Offender
Why This Study?
Aim of the Study
From the Paper
"Attachment theory, as proposed by Bowlby (1969, 1973), serves as a conceptual framework for explaining variations in mental health, emotional regulation, and interpersonal relations. According to Bowlby (1969, 1973), the attachment system is designed to help the child maintain proximity to significant others as a means of coping with stress-inducing events. A child's attachment behavior becomes activated by hunger, pain, fatigue, or anything frightening (Bowlby, 1988). The significant other functions as a "haven of safety" that individuals seek out for support and relief in times of stress. Additionally, the significant other serves as a "secure base" from which to explore the world and pursue other goals unrelated to attachment (Mikulincer, et al., 2003). According to Bowlby (1988), if the caregiver is consistent, there is a sense of security in this relationship. "
| |
|
Intervention for Juvenile Offenders, 2004.
An analysis of the option of intervention with juvenile offenders.
2,071 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents a study examining the possibility of intervention for juvenile offenders. The variables that are used as a focus in this study are age and violence and the serious as opposed to the less serious offender. The purpose of the study is to ascertain to what extent the available literature can be utilized to work effectively with juvenile offenders.
It should be noted that correlating factors cannot be excluded in a study of this nature. For example, the correlation between age and gender should be considered in ascertaining the efficacy of intervention strategies.
From the Paper
"In a study of psychosocial variables in juvenile crime, the authors state that "in 1997, juveniles accounted for 37% of all burglary arrests; 30% of robbery arrests; 24% of weapon arrests; 14% of murder attempts and drug arrests respectively." (Katsiyannis et al, 2004) There are also numerous studies that establish that the number of juvenile offenders are increasing and in dire need of intervention policies. "The increased volume and changing composition of juvenile delinquency caseloads have overloaded the juvenile justice system ... the juvenile justice system must be equipped to address the full range of juvenile problem behaviors. Often the presenting offense is merely the 'tip of the iceberg' ". (Provide Immediate Intervention) "
|
|
|
