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"Teacher Evaluation" Edited by Sarah Stanley and James Popham, 1995.
This paper analyzes the book "Teacher Evaluation: Six Prescriptions for Success", edited by Sarah Stanley and James Popham, a compilation of approaches to evaluating effective teaching.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 1 source, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"This paper is a summary and analysis of the book "Teacher Evaluation: Six Prescriptions for Success", a compilation of approaches to evaluating effective teaching. School administrations continue to search for comprehensive tools for evaluating how well their teachers do their jobs. The six approaches presented here offer six different perspectives on the problem, each of which contributes significantly to the discussion, from emphasizing the need for ongoing staff development to analyzing the precise tasks and ways of thinking that a teacher needs to use in the classroom. None gives a comprehensive solution. Taken together, however, these six prescriptions illuminate some of the possible traps and areas of concern that school administrators face in asking how effectively their schools educate their pupils. The prescriptions were ... "
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"Living In America" ( Edited by Roshni Rustomji-kerns ), 1999.
Reviews a collection of South Asian-American poetry and fiction, focusing on internal contradictions in and among Asian-American communities.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 12 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"This paper is a discussion of the internal contradictions that exist within and among Asian American communities. The clash between the culture of origin and American culture creates a number of significant inner stresses in individuals attempting to bridge both worlds. In addition, the variety of cultures grouped under the general heading of "Asian" encompasses a remarkable range of perspectives, histories, religions, and customs. This diversity exerts stress on individuals attempting to reconcile these various cultures. This is particularly true of American immigrants with ties to more than one Asian culture. This paper uses Roshni Rustomji-Kerns' anthology, Living in America: Poetry and Fiction by South Asian American Writers, as the means to consider some of these contradictions.
Throughout its history, the United States has symbolized ..."
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"The Four Voyages Of Christopher Columbus" ( Edited by J.M. Cohen ), 1999.
Analyzes the motivations of this explorer (including religious, personal, economic and adventure) in first-person accounts of his New World voyages.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The motivations of Christopher Columbus and other figures in The Four Voyages of Christopher Columbus, edited by J.M. Cohen, are varied and contradictory. Certainly, those motivations were not purely the result of high religious principles, for the lure of gold, land, slaves, power and prestige also played a major role in driving these men to seek, reach and exploit the New World. The reader must keep in mind that the book is written by men who were likely presenting what they saw as a positive portrait of their activities and intentions. Nevertheless, the full range of their motives comes through. One passage from the account of Columbus's son demonstrates the jumble of motives at work in the hearts and minds of these Europeans in their relations with the natives:
On receiving such kindnesses and such samples of gold from..."
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?Caring Teachers?: Impact on Students, 2002.
This paper evaluates ?caring teachers? and their impacts on students and the learning experience.
1,745 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a study conducted by the Center of Adolescent Studies that looked at "caring teachers" by interviewing sixth, seventh and eighth grade students. The author reports students defined a ?caring teacher? as a teacher who listens and helps them with personal problems and as a teacher who helps with homework, gives students individual attention, sets goals for students and talks to students about their behavior. The paper concludes that students learn better with a ?caring teacher? and develop skills that allow them to continue to learn effectively once they are out of the classroom.
Table of Contents
Impact of a Caring Teacher
Teaching Styles Used by Caring Teachers
Attitudes of Teachers
Success of Students
From the Paper
"The focus is on how the student can be helped. This is also important as it shows how the student is able to avoid ridicule and embarrassment. This would be important in maintaining a students interest and self-esteem. The fourth response shows us how caring teachers are attentive to their students, which is important in making the student feel they are supported and noticed. The fourth response shows how a caring teacher also provides encouragement and praises students for good work. The final response shows how being caring actually creates a better environment where learning is interesting to students."
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Teachers as Social Workers, 2002.
This paper reviews the article, ?The Social Work Dimension of the Primary Teacher?s Role?, by Webb and Vulliamy and uses many other sources for the discussion.
3,850 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses teachers acting as social workers for the students and parents in the British Education System, which is similar to that of the United States. This author states that the report is based on qualitative research (observations) that was done in fifteen schools in the North East of England and on a national survey.
Table of Contents
Role of Teachers as Social Workers in the School System
The Research Sample
Observation
Funding Paid by the University of York
Teachers and Social Work
Problems in Assessment
National Curriculum Based on the Needs of the Students
Problems in the Classroom
Teachers as Advocates
Children?s Act in 1989
British Educational Needs
Special Support System
Time and Needs of Teachers Overcome by Social Problems
Problems with Special Needs Students
Teachers Concerning Various Roles
Different Masks that Teachers Wear
Teachers Too Busy to Teach
The Education of Children in Need
Social Work by Teachers
From the Paper
"If a child goes to school and destroys the classroom, what would the child learn from the parent paying for the damage? The problem is that often the laws are adding to the problems that children have. Parents cannot spank their children or do other physical actions to control their actions. Often the parents talk to the teacher about the behavioral problems that they are having at home. ?Headteachers spent considerable amount of time providing advice and support on behavior management to parents who were experiencing major problems in controlling their children?s behavior. When pupils? behavior in school was disruptive and unacceptable, headteachers explained to the parents the school?s response to this behavior and sought to work co-operatively with them to effect improvement? "
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Teacher - Principal Relationship, 2007.
A discussion of the importance of a supportive relationship between a school principal and the teachers.
4,285 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between teachers and school principals, citing it as necessary for the continued educational opportunities of students. Included is an extensive literature review which examines such issues as teacher training, education and professional development. The author concludes that the perceived relationships between teachers and principals are closely tied to the educational success of the school overall.
Outline:
Introduction
Education & Training
Professional Development
Collaboration between Teachers and Principal
The Teacher and Principal Relationship with the Principal as Leader
Teacher and Principal Perceived Relationship
Impact of the Teacher & Principal Relationship on Student Achievement
Assessment of the Teacher & Principal Relationship
Teachers Understanding of Principals' Priorities
Bibliography
From the Paper
" Research by Marks and Printy (2003) examined the relationship between principals and teachers and the potential of their active collaboration around instructional matters to enhance the quality of teaching and student performance. They base their analysis around a comparison of two concepts of leadership; transformational and instructional. Marks and Printy state that transformational leadership provides intellectual direction and aims at innovating within the organization, while empowering and supporting teachers as partners in decision making. Instructional leadership, on the other hand, replaces a hierarchical and procedural notion with a model of shared instructional leadership."
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Teacher Evaluation, 2004.
Discusses the importance of teacher input on the process of teacher evaluation.
2,818 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper's intended purpose is to explain the outcomes of a teacher's seminar concerning the usefulness and importance of teacher evaluation programs. The seminar assessed the rational, purpose, criteria, uses, planning, and organization of a teacher evaluation program. It was organized with the intention of obtaining the input of teachers on issues regarding their own evaluation process and how it might be added to or changed to better meet the needs of teachers in their professional growth process. The paper is a compilation and an analysis of the questions asked and answered by the attendees of the seminar.
From the Paper
"Teacher evaluation is a controversial topic. It is often thought by the general public and even some educators that once a teacher rises to a certain level there is little incentive to alter practices based on current research or training and even more alarming the ability for an administrator to terminate a teacher?s contract can be difficult."
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Teacher Retention And Recruitment, 2002.
Reviews literature on strategies for recruiting and retaining good teachers.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 8 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
Reviews literature on strategies for recruiting and retaining good teachers. Need to reduce treacher attrition and meet the growing demand for more qualified teachers. Causes of teacher attrition; financial and educational costs. Problem of unqualified teachers. Discusses existing programs to retain teachers and their effectiveness. Teacher mentoring relationships and mentor programs.
From the Paper
"TEACHER RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Introduction
In the next ten years, it is expected that American schools will be short almost 2.5 million teachers (NEA,2001), a statistic that highlights the importance of programs aimed at teacher recruitment and teacher retention. A good deal of the shortfall in American teachers is said to be due to teachers leaving the profession at alarming rates; for example, the National Education Association (2001) reports that about 20 percent of all newly hired teachers leave the profession within three years and about six percent of teachers overall leave the profession yearly.
In terms of the causes of teacher attrition, Ingersoll (1998) states that the single greatest causative factor is ..."
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Teacher Evaluations, 2006.
A review of the effectiveness of teacher evaluations from an administrative perspective.
2,392 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that administrators within the school system, primarily principals, have the responsibility for management of all the evaluation programs of a school. It explains that one of the most compelling reasons for a principal to be a good evaluator is to be able to determine the effectiveness of the school's teaching staff. The paper presents arguments in favor of teacher evaluations, in order to evaluate teacher quality and positive performance through linked pay increases. The paper presents arguments against teacher evaluations in order to evaluate drawbacks to linking pay increases to positive teacher evaluations, to assess expensive administrative and personnel costs, to reduce the potential for bias in the evaluation system and to prevent using teachers as scapegoats for America's education crisis. The writer suggests alternate methods of teacher evaluation. In conclusion, the writer states that some people are in support of teacher evaluation and some against it, but that it is important to remember that the goal is to ensure that children grow up to be educated and productive members of society.
Table of Contents:
Arguments in Favor of Teacher Evaluations
Arguments Against Teacher Evaluations
Alternate Methods of Teacher Evaluation
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Expensive Administrative and Personnel Costs. Another drawback of the use of teacher evaluations is the cost to the school district, in terms of both time and money. In order for the evaluations to be accurate and useful, they must be designed for a teacher's specific grade level and subject matter. Because the administration must design different criteria for education level, experience level, and subject matter of each teacher, the costs for designing these systems of evaluation can be expensive. Some states offer standardized written assessment tests, but assessment tests also have their limits. Just because a teacher can regurgitate information about a certain subject, they may still not be an effective teacher."
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Merit Pay: Examining the Effect on Teacher Performance, 2004.
The effect of merit pay on teacher performance in the public school system: The benefits and drawbacks to paying teachers for performance.
1,397 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 34 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
Merit pay for teachers is an issue that has been debated since the beginning of the 20th century. This paper explains how the experts are still on both sides of the fence with regard to the effectiveness of performance-based pay in the educational system. The writer points out that much of the debate still continues because the data is lacking and what is available is inconclusive. Though the debate still continues, it is possible to tie teacher compensation to classroom performance. Not only can merit pay be implemented in the educational system, but also it should be; teachers need to be accountable for their performance. It concludes that merit pay holds teachers accountable and increases student achievement.
From the Paper
"Education is a cornerstone in a free and democratic society. In the United States of today, improving student achievement is a major concern. One way many educators and administrators believe will improve student achievement is through improving teachers? performance. In 1908 in Newton, Massachusetts the idea of merit pay was introduced as a way to improve teacher performance and thereby increase student achievement (Collins, introduction). That idea has been maintained into the 21st century and continues to be a topic of much debate."
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Stanley Williams' Gang Prevention Books, 2006.
This paper is a complete dissertation, which examines the impact of Stanley Williams' gang prevention books on pre-adolescent boys.
15,640 words (approx. 62.6 pages), 73 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that the purpose of this study was to determine how young people and their teachers perceived the Stanley Williams' gang prevention readers and their impact on their beliefs about gangs and people who join them. The author includes a critical review of the relevant literature and an analysis of the results of interviews with six students and teachers. The paper concludes that the research indicates the importance of providing young people with the information and tools they need to resist the temptation to become involved with gangs in the first place and to help them recognize the potential adverse consequence associated with these groups. The paper includes data tables and questionnaires.
Table of Contents:
The Problem
Introduction
Problem Background
Literature Review
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Limitations/Delimitations
Definitions
Importance of the Study
Review of Literature
Introduction
Risk Factors for Gang Involvement
Anti-Social Behavior
Protective Factors from Gang Involvement
Approaches to Prevention and Intervention
Types of Prevention Strategies
Prevention Approaches using Literature 2
Summary
Methodology
Introduction
Research Questions
Methodology
Participants
Instrumentation
Assumptions or Limitations
Procedures
Data Analysis
Findings
Introduction
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations
Children's Parental Permission Form
Request for Parental Involvement
Request for Teacher Involvement
Student Questionnaire
Parent Questionnaire
Teacher Questionnaire
Verbal Script for Students' Assent
From the Paper
"The average age for youth to become involved with a gang is between twelve to seventeen years. There is an increasing movement toward recruitment of elementary school aged youth. A contributing factor to this is that gang members know that states do not routinely prosecute younger children. This is a way for gang members to involve youth in their illegal activities, in an effort to remain out of jail. The younger children are extremely motivated to gain the approval of older male gang members, who they see as role models. It is increasingly necessary, then, that gang prevention education begins with elementary school age children."
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Disappearing Minority Teachers, 2006.
A discussion about disappearing minority teachers and the Latino classrooms of the future.
1,448 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The writer states that the disappearing minority teacher phenomenon can be traced directly to traditional teaching methods in American classrooms, in which the curriculum of public schools offers a one-sided and distorted view of life in the United States and throughout the world. The writer explains that as a result of this, fewer minorities seek careers in education. The paper highlights some of the issues surrounding the growing mismatch between teachers and students in public schools. The paper explains that because often the decision to teach is a result of positive experiences with former teachers, it offers ideas about effective ways in which to supply the current education system with a number of individuals who can help to improve the quality of education which grade-schoolers receive. In conclusion, the writer suggests that a revolution in thought is necessary among the many school districts and the teacher eduction programs that supply their teachers.
Table of Contents:
The Need for More Latino Teachers
Diversity within Minority Groups
Latino Teachers with Innovative Methods
Growing Numbers of Minority Teachers in Schools
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The current drought of Latino teachers in Southern California can serve as a model for disappearing minority teachers. Demographics indicate that the number of minority students entering the public school system (grades K - 12) largely dwarfs the number of new teachers entering the profession. (An example is El Monte High school, where 92 percent--out of 2800--of the students are Latino while merely five out of 90 faculty members have Spanish surnames.) Moreover, new teacher positions are rarely filled by minority teachers, of whom very few are Mexican. The fact that California's Latino and predominately Mexican (or Mexican-American) population continues to grow at a rate which will soon reach one-third of the State's total population is a great cause for alarm in light of the fact that the quality of education at public schools--especially in districts where minority populations are highest--remains questionable."
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Teachers or Computers?, 2002.
Argues that the educational system should place higher priority on the provision of more teachers rather than on additional computers.
1,451 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this ?computer age? governments and educational authorities continue to invest significant amounts of money and resources into the purchase and installation of computers within schools, colleges and universities. However, although the ratio of computers to students has vastly increased in recent years, many educational professionals have raised serious questions and concerns over the effectiveness of information technology to improve the processes of teaching and learning. The paper shows that, simultaneously, the resources available for the training and employment of teachers have been proportionately reduced - resulting, within many regions, in a related reduction in the teacher to student ratio. The paper argues that, considering the long established importance of the teacher-student relationship to the education process and in light of research that confirms the central role of teachers and of teacher training in the successful utilization of computers within schools, it is in the interest of the education system to place higher priority upon the provision of more teachers rather than on additional computers.
From the Paper
"Those who advocate more computers rather than more teachers also cite studies, such as those of Bialo and Sivin-Kachala (1996), which report other benefits enjoyed by students who use technology: including the development of increased self confidence and self esteem. It is argued that this is particularly true when the technology allows the students to control their own learning. Today, students use multimedia to learn interactively and work on class projects, they use the Internet to do research, engage in projects, and to communicate. The new technologies allow students to have more control over their own learning, to think analytically and critically, and to develop a sense of independence (Webb, 1989). It is also argued that, unlike the human teacher, the computer is always willing and ready to assist the student with this self-directed learning, and is able to answer any question on any subject."
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Teacher Leadership, 2008.
A review of the history of teacher leadership in America.
1,279 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the history of teacher leadership in American schools from colonial America to the present. It incorporates an overview of any studies conducted of teacher leadership and teaching styles, inclusive of those utilized in colonial times through the present, and reflects changes occurring in teacher leadership during the last several decades.
Outline:
Background to Teacher Leadership
Early Teacher Leadership
Teacher Leadership Developments
The Modern Classroom
Summary of Literature
From the Paper
"Historically, during colonial times in particular, teacher leadership was viewed much like one would view any trade or craftsmanship; that is it required full engagement with principles that should direct a trained leader to effect positive changes in students through lecture, group discourse and intuitive thinking (Campbell, et al, 2000; Likert, 1961). Many feel that in early times including during colonial times teaching was viewed more as intuitive, whereas in modern times teaching and teacher leadership has become more scientific and analytical in nature, with teachers adopting multiple models or paradigms of instruction for institutional success."
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"Missing Sarah", 2008.
A comparative analysis of the characters of Maggie and Sarah in Maggie de Vries' "Missing Sarah: A Vancouver Woman Remembers Her Vanished Sister".
1,562 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper first asserts that Maggie de Vries' "Missing Sarah" is a moving memoir of the author's relationship with her adopted sister. The paper also relates that the book was written in the shadow of the author's awareness of her sister's murder at the hands of a notorious Canadian mass murderer. The paper goes focuses on the narrative roles of the created characters of "Maggie" and "Sarah" in the text and argues the thesis that the disparity in our knowledge of the two characters - with the figure of the author being represented far more elusively than that of her sister - is a result of the different manifestations of narrative gaze within the text. The paper maintains that these gazes have narrative power to shape the spectator's perspective and understanding of the complex issues of identity, race, and familial interactions that define the text.
From the Paper
"It may be argued that one reason we know so little about "Maggie" in the text as opposed to "Sarah" - a fact that is extraordinary given that "Maggie" is "Sarah's" sister - is the possibility that the relationship between the siblings was defined by tensions that the author does not wish to revisit. Thus, the author - through the vehicle of the "unreliable narrator" - obscures the figure of "Maggie" in the text, and thereby avoids having to publicly discuss issues that may be emotionally unsettling to her. Thus, it is only at moments that the reader seems to catch glimpses of this tension; moments that seem to be revealed almost unconsciously by the author. "
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