| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "SUSANNE K LANGER SYMBOLISM": |
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Susanne K. Langer on Symbolism, 2002.
An interpretation of the views of philosopher Susanne K. Langer on symbolism and the human mind.
2,712 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
According to Susanne K. Langer in "Philosophy in a New Key", symbolism plays an enormously vital role in the evolution of the mind of man.
This paper explains the views of Langer--what divides humankind from other animals is ?a vast and special evolution of feeling?. It shows that this feeling arises from man?s propensity to symbolize anything which comes within reach of his individuating brain. The paper discusses how Langer distinguishes between two varieties of 'signs' and how she confronts the question whether man has a need for symbolization. Finally, the paper looks at Langer's interpretation of the concept of 'communication'.
From the Paper
"Langer distinguishes between discursive symbolism and what she labels presentational symbolism. Discursive symbolism belongs to the realm of language while presentational symbolism to that of art, dream, fantasy, myth, and rite. The cognitive value we receive from the apprehension of presentational symbols lies in their necessity as a foundation to our development of language. If we had never experienced the richness and diversity of ideation inherent in presentational symbols, we could never have acquired the tools?words?to structure the vast edifice of grammatical form. Langer devotes much of PNK to explaining how presentational symbolism plays this, its most demanding role."
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Susanne K. Langer on 'Acts' as Elements in the Continuum of Life, 2002.
An interpretation of philosopher Susanne K. Langer's views on acts.
4,427 words (approx. 17.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
According to Susanne K. Langer in her work, "Mind: An Essay on Human Feeling", acts function as elements in the continuum of a life. This paper analyzes Langer's views on the subject including her theory that within all acts, one can find smaller functional sub-units which, in their miniature realm, still exhibit and adhere to the typical act form. Langer claims that if we should turn our attention in the opposite direction, from microscopic acts to those of macroscopic dimensions, the same essential pattern, the same act form, will dwell there too.
Outline
The Act Concept
Individuation and Involvement
The Evolution Of Acts
The Growth of Acts
From the Paper
"Langer refers to the environment facing an organism at any given time as the environmental situation or ambient world. An organism shapes its ambient world; the stuff of the actual environment is altered through peripheral contact with that life. Not only do environmental forces impinge upon the organism, but that life, because it is a life and therefore does not exist passively, effects changes on its immediate environment. We could say that, in a sense, both creature and environment adapt. Different organisms in the same environment, because of their probable living uniqueness or individuation, may therefore exist in widely different ambient conditions. (282)"
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The Epistemology of Susanne K. Langer, 2002.
This paper looks at the work of Susanne Langer, "Philosophy in a New Key", comparing it to the theories of classical Idealism, Rationalism, and Empiricism and of the newer Pragmatism, Logical Positivism and Intuitionism.
5,452 words (approx. 21.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 133.95
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Abstract
The writer uses Langer's book to argue her theory that while discursive reasoning leads us to knowledge, we must look to what supplies us with the materials and desire to seek that knowledge. The paper takes a chapter by chapter look at the way in which Langer tries to define epistemology, the branch of philosophy that studies knowledge.
From the Paper
"While verbal language is the overt activity of one kind of symbolic process, the mind transforms those experiences which lie beyond the ability of language to describe into other quite different activities. "Just as the results of that primitive process of mental digestion, verbal symbolism, may be used for the satisfaction of other needs than symbolization, so all other instinctive acts may serve the expressive function" (45). The direct motivation which lies behind magic, for example, "is the desire to symbolize great conceptions." The language of magic belongs to the greater phenomenon of ritual, the language of religion (49). Further, the language of human behaviour, gesture, demonstrates that "symbolization is both an end and an instrument; and so far, epistemology has treated it only as an instrument." (51)."
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Susanne Langer's "Philosophy in a New Key", 1974.
This paper reviews Susanne Langer's "Philosophy in a New Key", a critique of her theory of art and focuses on her concept of art as presentational symbols.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"In her book, "Philosophy in a New Key", Susanne Langer draws a provocative distinction between verbal discourse and works of art. According to Langer, works of art are presentational symbols. These symbols conceptualize the flux of impressions in the sensory field and transform them into a concrete form. They articulate complex and subtle feelings and emotions which would be incommunicable through language. Presentational symbols differ from Discursive symbols (language) in that they have no vocabulary or syntax. One cannot, according to Langer, obtain meaning from a part of an art work in the same way as one can from part of a sentence. The art work has meaning only in as much as one scrutinizes the work as a whole, a constituent element has no intrinsic meaning. Presentational symbols are no less capable of articulation than are words. However, the laws ... "
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Susanne Langer on Imagination and Dreams, 2002.
This paper looks at the theories of Susanne Langer and how they apply to the imagination and dreams.
3,087 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The paper asks the question of whether or not humans are the only creatures who dream. The writer uses the texts of Susanne Langer to explore this question and to argue that the human mind, born of dream figments, and nurtured by the symbolism which the mind itself produces, has all the equipment it needs both for its own maintenance and, especially, its future growth and development.
From the Paper
"At one point in her Mind series, Langer suggests that feeling is simply a phase of a total act. Titchener?s view supports that notion. If all acts have a phase of feeling, then a superact, which entrains smaller acts in its progress, will possess the final product of all those psychic phases. That product would, in turn, be experienced as a broadening of the variety, as well as a concentration, of feeling. ?The total activity of the matrix has been raised to a higher level? (Mind 2, 273). For the purposes of theorizing, and having admitted that knowledge as to where feeling begins still escapes us, Langer will work with the hypothesis that it begins with behaviour. But she makes the further acknowledgment that exactly where behaviour begins is difficult to determine. (Mind 2, 272)"
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The Case of Kimura K.K., 2007.
This paper is an analysis of the international business case involving the Japanese company, Kimura K. K., and the Australian company Pramtex.
1,720 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Pramtex has lost one of the most significant and influential Japanese customers, Kimura, and risks losing other business opportunities in the Asian market because of negative fallout of Pramtex's relation with Kimura. The paper considers whether Pramtex can possible save retain Kimura as a customer and save its image among other Asian corporations. The author concludes that Kimura could be re-included in Pramtex's portfolio; however, the time needed for this achievement is going to be quite long because the Japanese company's bitter taste is too recent to be forgotten. The paper stresses that all employees of the company must understand that appropriate interactions with partners are an issue that has at least equal importance to having the best products.
Table of Contents:
Problem Definition
Situational Analysis
Main Strengths
Multiple Weaknesses
The Main Opportunity
Two Major Threats
Identifying, Evaluating and Choosing Alternatives
From the Paper
"Pramtex's main problem is Kimura's refusal to place a second order for three more Spartacus machines. Despite being enthusiastic about the quality and quantity of the outcome achieved by the new system implemented at the factory in Osaka, Mr. Kimura, the company's president, chooses to opt for other manufacturers in order to purchase the machines needed at his factory in Taiwan. The fax that John Reef (product manger and Pramtex representative in Japan) receives is quite confusing because it doesn't contain the reasons for such a sudden change of attitude."
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U.K. and the Euro, 2003.
An assessment of whether the U.K. should join the single European currency by looking at the Treasury's five economic tests.
964 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how since the birth of the single European currency, there has been a constant debate in the United Kingdom on whether they should join. It shows how the present government have made it quite clear that they are in favour of the U.K. joining the single currency, but only if the economic conditions are right. It analyses the five economic tests set by the U.K. Treasury: Convergence, flexibility, investment, U.K. financial services and the possible effect on employment. It assesses whether they have been met and offers both sides of the argument as to whether the U.K. should join the Euro.
From the Paper
"The first of the Treasury?s Five Tests looks at the possibility of ?sustainable convergence between Britain and the economies of a single currency?. This looks at the UK needing to have similar interest rates, inflation, budget deficit, national debt and exchange rates as the economies in the Euro zone. Recent economic data shows some big differences between the UK and countries such as France, Germany and Spain, for example the UK has lower inflation and unemployment than these countries. The UK?s public debt is also much lower, whereas its current account balance as a proportion of GDP is much worse that Germany and France but is much better than countries such as Spain."
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K-Mart, 2004.
An analysis of the K-Mart chain, using a fictitious store, presenting the business history, and potential of the company.
2,404 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This research examines the methodology of conducting a performance analysis and subsequent suggestions for strategic analysis. The subject of this research is a fictitious K-Mart store. This research is based, in part, on actual situations faced by K-Mart and its subsequent bankruptcy. A plan of intervention, implementation of that plan, and possible resolution of the current crises of the fictitious K-Mart are also offered. An historical analysis of the past four years of performance data is used to gain insight into possible strategic solutions to the company?s problems.
From the Paper
"K-mart is one of the largest retailers in the nation with over 600 stores nationwide. The financial success of K-Mart not only has an impact on the corporation itself, but K-mart is an imbedded icon in many local economies, both as an employer and as tax revenue. In Nashville, alone, the K-Mart corporation plans to close four stores in 2003 (Nashville Business Journal, 2002). This is expected to have a negative effect on the local Nashville economy. This same scenario is being played out in many cities across the United States. Because of this effect on many local economies K-mart has been under tremendous pressure to re-evaluate their strategies and to develop plans that are effective and than will quickly place them in a positive strategic position."
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Lean Construction and the U.K. Construction Industry, 2002.
A look at the application of the principles of Lean Construction on the U.K. construction industry.
978 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly examines the U.K. construction industry and the concepts of Lean Construction, in which the success of this company is attributed to the application of Lean Construction principles such as value, value streams, flows, pull, and perfection. It evaluates how U.K. construction companies have found that increasingly demanding customers, as well as pressures regarding environment issues, are forcing them to rethink their strategies.
Outline
The Principles of Lean Construction
The Construction Industry in the U.K.
The Egan and Lathem Reports
Supply Chain Leadership and Teamwork
The Possibility of Change
From the Paper
"It is with the above in mind that the Egan and Lathem reports highlight the changes necessary in the UK Construction Industry. The Egan Report identifies five drivers of change necessary to ensure greater profitability as well as better quality in the Construction Industry. These are: committed leadership, a focus on the customer, integrated processes and teams, a quality driven agenda and commitment to people (4GM Consulting, 2003). Furthermore the report sets targets such as 10% for annual reductions in construction cost and time, as well as a 20% annual reduction in defects. The report stresses the importance of replacing competitive tendering with long-term relationships within the industry. Clearly the win/lose relationships between partners are too adversarial to be effective."
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Family Friendly in the U.K., 2004.
Harmonizing personal and professional balance. A study of family-friendly policies in the enterprise as a major intervention in the U.K.
9,532 words (approx. 38.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 195.95
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Abstract
This study seeks to show that there are several different family-friendly policies utilized by employers in the U. K. and that these have been necessary for some time. The three main policies are part-time work, flex-time (flexible start and finish times), and teleworking. All three of these policies are important for working mothers and others that would like to have time with their families or for other pursuits. However, not all employers are interested in offering these kinds of arrangements, and many prefer to stick with the traditional work schedule where individuals all come in at a certain time and all leave at a certain time. There is increasing evidence, though, that this does not work well for many people in the U. K., and this is the reason for studying this issue and determining what would be the best choice for everyone.
Through a solid introduction to the issue and a thorough review of the literature that is involved with it, the study shows how very important much of these family-friendly policies are and how they are often overlooked by employers who do not want to break with tradition. However, many working mothers could utilize these if only their employers were willing to allow them, and if more mothers and employers knew about the possibilities for these family-friendly ideas. Many of these policies have not been studied a great deal, and it is therefore necessary that studies such as this be conducted, so that more can be learned and discovered about this issue and more people in the U. K. can benefit from it. Sources are copied and included in the paper.
Abstract
Introduction
Changing Nature of Work
The Flexible Firm
Literature Review
Annualized Hours
Compressed Work Week
Voluntary Reduced Work Time (V-Time)
Flexi Time
Job Sharing
Team Work
Telecommuting/Teleworking
Three Popular Choices
Similarities and Differences
Discussion
Solution and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The world is constantly changing. From the times of post world war two to the emergence of the neo-liberal agenda in 1975, economists are now speaking about free markets and the decline of bureaucratic capitalism. We are witnessing a continuous and dramatic shift as we are moving forward into the 21st century. This change has affected organizations all over the world in a number of ways. For example, the 1980s introduced the concept of flexibility in organizational working. Flexibility was largely driven by the employers to maximize profit and productivity. However, little concern was given to the employee benefits.
The continuous tussle between the employers and the employees has given rise to the introduction of family friendly policies. This has further led to the popularity of the concept of work life balance. This dissertation aims to identify the most commonly used practices adopted by organizations when implementing family friendly policies. It also aims to understand what influence these practices have on the organization by considering the way they affect, and are affected by, employers and employees."
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?Life and Times of Michael K?, 2006.
This paper reviews and analyzes the inspirational novel "Life and Times of Michael K," penned by Australian author J.M. Coetzee.
909 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the title character in the novel, Michael K and his experiences in South Africa during a time of civil unrest. Coetzee's novel depicts the story of Michael K, an unattractive and unintelligent young man who embodies the power of the human spirit and need for freedom, despite tremendous setbacks. The writer of this paper explores the manner in which Michael K strives to insulate himself from the despair of the war that rages around him in a South Africa, which is ravaged by apartheid. The writer contends and explains why Coetzee is successful in presenting a clear and succinct view against the arbitrariness and absurdity of war. The writer discusses the author's clear intention in providing a powerful insight into the essential human need for freedom of choice and action.
From the Paper
"In the book, Michael K strives to insulate himself from the despair of the war that rages around him in a South Africa that is ravaged by apartheid. Eventually, he succeeds in distancing himself from the unpleasantness of the world around him, and even from the terrors and absurdity of war. Through the story of Michael K, Coetzee is deeply successful in creating a clear and succinct comment against the arbitrariness and absurdity of war. His vision of South Africa is that of a nation that is in the grip of a civil unrest that makes prisoners of both black and white. Michael K shows both the futility and beauty of the human struggle to find meaning amidst this chaos."
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The U.K. Budget Hotel Sector, 2007.
This paper is a complete research project using a case study approach to investigate performance measurement practices in the U.K. budget hotel sector.
12,400 words (approx. 49.6 pages), 33 sources, APA, $ 238.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, in recent years, the concept of a "budget hotel" in the U.K. has changed so that today many of these less-expensive hotels are virtually indistinguishable from many of their more upscale and expensive counterparts. The author points out that the research focuses on major areas of hotel management including (a) overall performance, (b) employee performance, (c) customer satisfaction, (d) financial performance and (e) what innovative measures are being used to increase performance measure. The paper concludes that the Premier and Express by Holiday Inn were identified as the two front runners in the U.K. budget hotel industry and that these chains reached this performance level with careful attention to trends in the marketplace and the needs and wants of their guests. The paper includes several figures and tables, quotations, a complete questionnaire and the reporting of survey data.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Research Questions
Importance of Study
Overview of Study
Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview
Overview of Hotel Industry Categories of Service
Limited-service mid-scale hotels
Budget Hotels
Recent Trends in the Budget Hotel Industry
Overview of Budget Hotels in the UK Today
Performance Measures
Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Documentation Collection
Survey
Sampling
Reliability and Validity
Rationale in Support of Methodology
Data Analysis
Case Studies: Premier Travel Inn UK and Express by Holiday Inn UK
Premier Travel Inn
Stock Performance for Whitbread: March 2006 to Date
Key Financial Metrics for Whitbread: 2001-2005
Whitbread Net Operating Revenues versus Net Profit: 2001-2005
Whitbread Earnings Per Share: 2001-2005
Whitbread Earnings Per Share: 2001-2005
Express by Holiday Inn
Amenities and benefits featured by Express by Holiday Inn in the UK
Financial Metrics Reported by Express by Holiday Inn in the UK
Intercontinental Hotels Group plc (IHG)
Other Performance Metrics Reported by Express by Holiday Inn in the UK
Representative Google Search Engine Results for "Hotel," "London"
Survey of Express and Premier Hotel Management:
Summary and Conclusions
Summary
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Middle upscale hotels are also able to lower rates during times of adverse economic environments. Many of these hotels have found it to their mutual advantage to engage in strategic partnerships with organizations such as the American Association of Retired Persons and the Automobile Association of America by offering discounts during off-season periods or during adverse economic periods. All-suite middle upscale hotels include AmeriSuites (Howard Johnson), Embassy, Guest Quarters, Hawthorne, Homewood, Lexington, and Residence Inn by Marriott."
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U.K. Utilities Privatization, 2007.
This paper analyzes the competition strategies of U.K. utilities under privatization.
9,835 words (approx. 39.3 pages), 31 sources, APA, $ 200.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that competition among utilities is believed desirable because it promotes the interests of consumers and enables the competing companies to benefit fully from cost reduction and innovation. The author points out that public administration, especially of public utilities, functions as a business; therefore, the climate of competition in the U.K. utilities, which was ushered in by privatization, is tempered by sector-specific regulation. The paper relates that, for 15 years or more, almost all of the major utilities in the U.K. have been under private control and subject to these sector-specific regulations and to concurrent competition powers; however, the degree of competition varies by market.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Competition Theory and Practice
Privatization of UK Utilities
Competition Act 1998
Privatization of Telecommunications
Electricity
Gas
Water and Sewerage
Railways
Airport Services
Change of Rules
Price Cap Policy
Conclusion and Perspectives
From the Paper
"When the government privatized British Gas in 1986, the program did not follow the US model on both gas and telecommunication liberalization. The reason is that BG was a vertically integrated state-owned monopoly that was unique in UK. BG was first persuaded to detach its natural monopoly network from its affiliated services that could stand competition, such that the company was divided into the monopoly and competitive parts. At first, the relationship between BG and the assigned industry regulator was turbulent because of an oversight on the government's part."
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K-Mart Corporation, 2002.
The paper gives background information on the K-mart corporation, showing how its diversification into specialty retailing brought the company close to bankruptcy.
1,403 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper looks closely at the corporation of K-Mart, the #3 retailer in the United States. The writer shows how K-Mart became profitable, then in an effort to revitalize a mature market under increasing competition, diversified and made moves away from profitability, ultimately to move back to its more simplified stature in recent years.
From the Paper
"March 30, 2000, MSN Money Central Investor released an alert that the company?s P/E ratio was at least 25% below the average for its industry, but on March 28, 2000, Duff & Phelps Rating Company reaffirmed its ratings for debentures, medium-term notes, bank credit facility and lease certificates at BB+ and trust convertible preferred securities at BB; at the same time revising its rating outlook upward from Stable to Positive. The rating company affirmation reflects their assessment of the safety of the debt, in Kmart?s case, $2.8 billion."
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Ursula K. Le Guin, 2004.
A biography of the life and work of the author, Ursula K. Le Guin.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Ursula K. Le Guin is one of the most prolific writers of our time and how her works of fiction have long gained her status as a literary legend. It explores the life and times of Ursula K. Le Guin, focusing on her early life, educational experiences, academic contributions, literary works, awards won, and her reasons for writing science fiction.
Outline
Introduction
Early Life
Educational Experiences
Academic Contributions
Literary Works
Awards
Why She Chose Science Fiction
From the Paper
"Ursula K. Le Guin was born in 1929 in Berkeley, California. Theodora Quinn was her mother and the writer of children?s stories. (Ursula K. Le Guin) Her father was Dr. Alfred Quinn and head of the Department of Anthropology at UC-Berkley. (Ursula K. Le Guin) As a child she was surrounded by academia and her parent sparked her interest in Science fiction with stories about mythology and various legends. (Ursula K. Le Guin) Of course, her parents encouraged her to read and her mother?s literary background proved useful in uncovering Le Guin?s own writing ability. In later years the desire and the wherewithal to nurture this ability was evident."
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