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The Survey, 2007.
This paper describes the process of using surveys as a research technique and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of their use.
4,210 words (approx. 16.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 112.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the downside of using surveys as a research technique is that the process depends on universal principles, which allow the questionnaires to be generalized, that can make the use of the survey relatively inflexible and that there is always uncertainty about the potential level of response. The author points out that one of the advantages of conducting research surveys is that they are not as costly as other research methods and can be executed through a number of media such as mail, e-mail or personalized visits. The paper explains that the survey or questionnaire is selected by the researcher, as diverse as psychologists and anthropologists, to fulfill both his or her theoretical and practical goals.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Different Categories of Surveys
Surveys in Written Format
Surveys Conducted through Email
Surveys Administered within Groups
Drop-off Surveys
Surveys Conducted Orally
Reliability and Validity of Surveys
Reliability
Equivalency Reliability
Stability Reliability
Internal Consistency
Inter-rater Reliability
Difficulties of Achieving Reliability
Validity
Content Validity
Construct Validity
Criterion Related Validity
Face Validity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Content validity occurs when the initial aim of the research study is represented in the measurement of the overall results. All relative features and aspects have to be taken under consideration for the efficient attainment of aim as well as for its accurate measurement
A good example of this could be research done on the English language leaning of students. If the researcher only takes in the reading capability and factors that hinder reading capability then the content validity of that research would be inadequate because English language learning is not just about the reading skills but encompasses writing and vocabulary learning capabilities as well."
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The British Crime Survey (BCS), 2008.
Looks at the British Crime Survey (BCS), the first national crime victimization survey in Britain.
2,015 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a discussion on the rationale of crime surveys and then takes a look at the design of the British Crime Survey (BCS), a large sample survey whose main purpose is to provide an index of crime. The paper then presents some of the BCS' main findings about the extent of crime, statistics and data. Lastly, the paper presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the distribution of crime, illustrating this with findings on the risks of burglary.
Table of Contents:
The Rationale For Crime Surveys
National Crime Victimization Surveys
Crime Trends in Britain
Summary
From the Paper
"The first national crime victimization survey in Britain, the British Crime Survey (BCS) was carried out in 1982 with further surveys in 1984, 1988, 1992 and 1998. In the 2000 British Crime Survey, close to 23,000 people aged 16 and over were interviewed. From 2001, the BCS moved to an annual cycle with 40,000 respondents to be interviewed per year. The BCS measures the amount of crime in England and Wales by asking people about crimes they have experienced in the past year. It asks about people's attitudes to crime, such as how much they fear crimes and what measures they take to avoid it."
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Community Surveys, 2006.
An essay describing a survey that could be used to discover how different people define a community.
795 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are many different elements that combine to form a community and that the term 'community' can mean different things to different people. The paper further explains that the best way to discover the the ideas of community that dominate the minds of most people would be through a survey. The necessary questions in such a survey are then listed in the paper and the suggestion made that, in order to synthesize the information obtained from the survey, some qualitative and quantative analyses would need to be done. Finally, the paper points out that surveys, such as the one described in the paper, are useful information gathering-tools for the field of sociology and important elements of the sociological method.
From the Paper
"The word 'community' is somewhat ambiguous. It is not immediately clear whether it refers to geographical proximity, common interests and activities, or some other grouping method. As with many such ambiguous words, it is likely that different people have completely different ideas about what it means to be a member of a community. An interesting question to pursue, therefore, would be this: What factors do people have in mind when they consider themselves to be part of a community? It is not uncommon for people to mentally place themselves in more than one community. Perhaps someone is a member of her church community, the community of her apartment building, and her work community. These are three very different things. In the case of the church, the community seems bonded together by faith, which might more generally be described as a common interest. In the case of the apartment building, geographical location, or proximity of living, seems to be the main cohesive factor. Work shares elements of both of the other two. On the one hand, the workplace represents a common activity that all of the members of the community participate in on a regular basis. On the other hand, it is likely that the workplace is one office or building where many people convene in the same space at the same time."
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Survey Methods for Educational Research, 2006.
A research paper evaluating survey methods for educational research.
5,528 words (approx. 22.1 pages), 46 sources, APA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of questionnaires as research tools. The paper explores how, once a research paradigm and research questions are defined, researchers must determine the design nature (exploratory or conclusive). The paper discusses and evaluates different survey methods and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the survey methods over other descriptive research designs. Additionally, the paper discusses considerations involved in conducting surveys as well as the ethical issues arising from the various kinds of survey research identified. Finally, the author makes a proposal for a future study to design and evaluate a pilot questionnaire on effective uses of questionnaires as educational research tools.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Questionnaire Design
Validity and Reliability
Sampling Design and Procedure
Analytic Procedure
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social science researchers have long debated the best, most efficacious ways of viewing the world. Two major paradigms, the C positivist and interpretivist, have today become the main focus of this debate. The C positivist paradigm is more compatible with quantitative research methodology. Quantitative research endeavors to define, explain, predict or control phenomena, using descriptive and inferential statistics. That method reflects belief that reality is mechanistic and deterministic, and that a whole may be divided into parts. Quantitative research implies faith in scientific progress, and the static nature of reality. Thorndike state that if anything exists, it can be measured. Objectivity and detachment are upheld in quantitative data collection, in order to explain changes in aspects of reality, or reveal any cause-and- effect relationships that may occur among parts of a whole. Interpretivist paradigms relate mostly to qualitative methodology. Subscribers believe human beings, individually and collectively, develop reality. Such paradigms interpret the specific instead of generalizing from the specific."
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A Windshield Survey, 2007.
This paper explains the use of a windshield survey as executed in the Boyd Hill area of Rock Hill, New York in Sullivan County.
2,395 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that a windshield survey of a community requires making observations, either by walking or driving, at different times of the day and week to more fully understand and evaluate a community. The author points out that this windshield survey for the Boyd Hill community was conducted as a community health project to assess the community and to identify any problems. The paper concludes that this survey of the neighborhood shows it to be a true neighborhood, which has seen better days, but the real problem with the community is that it has been isolated and divided by the road system in the town. The paper includes many charts and a graph.
From the Paper
"The community does contain a recreational center called the Boyd Hill Recreation Center, located at 1165 Constitution Boulevard. The center is situated on a 22-acre park and includes a gym, a conference room, an activity/games room, three outdoor basketball courts, ands a lighted baseball field on two small lots. The center also has two lighted tennis courts, a swimming pool, and a wooded trail for hiking. One of these trails is accessible to the handicapped. The park operates Monday through Thursday from 9:00 am to 8:00 pm and on Fridays from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm."
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Automating Land Survey Data, 2006.
A look at the methods and reliability of cataloging land survey data electronically.
2,094 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to define a series of system integration and process re-definition strategies to enable field notes obtained during land surveying to be electronically cataloged and automated for more efficient use. The paper addresses the reliability of the data itself, which is captured and noted in field notebooks. The paper focuses primarily on how to automate what is today a highly manual repository of data existing in the 200 field notebooks that comprise the accumulated data to this point.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Starting with Change Management Is Critical
From Data Repository to Enterprise Content Management System
Advantages of Creating a Land Surveying Content Management System
Disadvantages of Creating a Land Surveying Content Management System
Proposed Costs
Considerations of Change Management
From the Paper
"The disadvantages of implementing an automated system to better manage the land use notebooks center mainly on both the time needed during work hours to train users in new procedures for using the system, in addition to the costs of integration with other systems to keep the current one relevant over time."
"In the majority of instances there are many more costs associated with implementing a content management system than initially appear during the forecasting stage (Columbus and Murphy 2), and the level of integration with other systems continues to drive up the costs of these types of implementations. With all these shortcoming said however, the savings in efficiency and accuracy of queries does have a significant effect on the Return on Investment (ROI) of this type of program."
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Jean Watson: Needs Assessment Questionnaire Survey, 2008.
An analysis of the results of Jean Watson's "Needs Assessment Questionnaire Survey" in "Caring Science and the Science of Unitary Human Beings: A Trans-theoretical Discourse for Nursing Knowledge Development".
1,152 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes "Caring Science and the Science of Unitary Human Beings: A Trans-theoretical Discourse for Nursing Knowledge Development" by J. Watson M. Smith, which discusses Jean Watson's "Needs Assessment Questionnaire Survey." The paper discusses the results of the survey and provides recommendations for a transtheoretical approach to teaching nursing models.
Table of Contents:
Results
Analysis
Recommendations
Summary
From the Paper
"The following are the top five leaning needs and recommendations for this contingent. There is a need to revise the BSN curriculum to create a transtheoretical approach to teaching nursing models, which specifically involves integrating more prominently the nursing theory teachings of Jean Watson, particularly for integrated use in clinical instruction and practice (Watson & Smith, 2002; Morgan, 2006). Thus a timeline must be established in order to accommodate the main activities of the curriculum revision: Content development for instructors, instructor tutorial proper, assessment and further content refinement for classroom instruction and preparation of materials for classroom instruction. Given the timeline for 2008, this must be done at the soonest convenient time."
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Survey Research, 2004.
An examination of a survey, entitled "Evaluation of Four Maternal Smoking Questions", by James L. Pirkle and John T. Bernert.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
A 1999 article by James L. Pirkle and John T. Bernert, entitled "Evaluation of Four Maternal Smoking Questions", used a survey method for research. This paper examines this survey instrument with regards to its validity and reliability, as well as its appropriateness for the task at hand. The data collection method the authors used and the levels of data measurement for variables are also discussed in order to fully understand the research that was done and whether it was completed in such a way as to be statistically significant and valid.
From the Paper
"Analysis of the survey instrument would indicate that it is valid and reliable. There is always some question as to reliability in any given survey instrument, simply because there is no way to guarantee that the people answering the questions are telling the truth. Because of this, the final data could be affected, but the likelihood is that the lies told on the survey, if any, are of a small enough number not to be statistically significant."
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Survey Instrumentation, 2004.
A description and analysis of a survey instrument designed to measure readiness for commitment.
3,450 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the development and administration of a survey instrument designed to measure readiness for commitment in serious intimate relationships. The paper discusses the administration of the instrument, the method and the results. The paper also contains a literature review on the topic.
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Job Satisfaction Survey, 2004.
Analyzes a job satisfaction survey to illustrate the sampling theory in research.
1,309 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that research requirements are statements of and a rational for the use of specifically chosen variables (independent and dependent), measurement or data assessment tools, statistical data analysis techniques, and potential error sources. The paper examines one source of possible error, namely that associated with sampling. The sampling theory is discussed, and the garnered information is applied to a specific study using a job satisfaction survey.
From the Paper
"Research studies, whether they are clinical trial based, experimental, case study designed, or descriptive, must exhibit and command interest, enthusiasm, and passionate commitment. The research investigator must catch the essential quality of the excitement of discovery that comes from research well done if expected results are to be gained. To this end the researcher is bound by a very stringent protocol for the development of all research endeavors. Not only must the investigator clearly define the research problem but must also plainly state a research question, followed by a testable research null hypothesis. Contained within the format of the research purpose, question, and hypothesis are various inherent constraints that will alert the reader as to the investigator's knowledge of, and adherence to, those tenets that make for sound, credible, and purposeful research (Ohlson, 1998)."
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Performance Appraisal Survey Analysis, 2004.
This paper uses performance appraisal theory to analyze an employee survey at a real estate company.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper emphasizes that, because performance appraisal is a means of determining these rewards, it is crucial that employees receive fair appraisals, that employees understand the performance appraisal, and that employees are measured against their job description and not on arbitrary criteria. This paper states that the survey of the performance appraisal system suggests the real estate office is currently operating with an appraisal system that exists 'for show', while achieving few real benefits. The author suggests that the real estate office upgrade and implement a performance management system to solve the problems, to help ensure that employees are motivated to achieve suitable results, and that employees receive the feedback they need to work effectively.
From the Paper
"Employees were next asked whether they strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree with the statement "I received a fair performance appraisal." Three employees answered that they disagreed and two answered that they agreed. This indicates that the process is not considered fair by over half of employees. When it is considered that the performance appraisal system is linked to employee rewards, this creates a major problem. Expectancy theory creates the link between motivation and rewards, with expectancy theory described as a theory suggesting, "that motivation depends on the individuals' expectations about their ability to perform tasks and receive desired rewards" (Daft, 1997, p. 536). If the performance appraisal system is not fair then an individual does not see their actions as allowing them to receive the rewards they deserve."
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Survey of South Korea, 2004.
An economic survey of South Korea.
2,699 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper is a survey report on South Korea with a special focus on its economy. It also contains an overview of its social and political conditions, including a review of some significant issues facing the country.
Geographical Information
Location & Neighboring Countries
Population
Language
Monetary
Economy
GDP (per capita) and Growth Rate
Imports, Exports & Trade Partners
Social Issues
Crime Rate and Corruption
Unemployment Rate
Poverty Rate
Education and Literacy Level
Human Development Index
Political Overview
Type of Government
Brief Political History
Human Rights Record
Other Significant Events
Relationship with North Korea
The Power of the Chaebols
Future Competitiveness of Korea/ Increasing Wages
From the Paper
"South Korea is located in northeastern Asia and occupies the southern part of the Korean peninsula. It is surrounded by North Korea in the north; the Sea of Japan in the east, the Yellow sea in the west, and is separated from Japan in the south by the Korean Strait. It has a total area of 98,480 km2 (land area: 98,160 km2) and a coastline of 2,413 km. (North Korea, Japan and China being its neighboring countries). The region has a temperate, continental climate with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. ("South Korea," Encarta, 2003)"
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Racism Survey, 2005.
This paper presents a survey that evaluates racism, prejudice and affirmative action.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This survey gathers both demographic data from the respondent and gathers data based on questions relating both specifically to the university and to a New Orleans oddity, the Mardi Gras Indian, none of whom are Native American. The paper explains that in studying the students' reaction to a certain passage regarding the Mardi Gras Indians and relating it to other Tulane policies, it may be possible to gain some insight on racism and stereotyping.
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Selecting Partners (Survey), 2003.
A look at gender differences in selecting romantic partners, using a survey.
2,800 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
Do males assign greater weight than females to physical beauty in selecting romantic partners? This has been a question in our civilization since the beginning of mankind, and just happens to be the hypothesis at hand. Most people believe that males who "go out on the prowl" look for women who are highly attractive and do not pay any attention to their job status, personality, or intelligence. On the other hand, females are stereotyped to look for males with a good career and personality before factors such as physical traits comes into play. To determine the truth about this phenomenon, the writer of this paper designed a survey on the subject.
From the Paper
"The problem researched as stated above was, do males tend to pick female partners because of their looks and nothing else? Also, do females tend to assign greater weight to job status, personality and success when choosing a partner? This is a common dilemma faced by everybody who is looking for "that special someone" in their life, or even just a one night stand. While researching an interesting article by Dugatkin and Godin, it was found that it disagreed with our hypothesis. The article states that females tend to be the "choosier sex" when it comes to selecting a mate (Dugatkin & Godin, pg. 1). This article says that females look for males with more "flashy and fearless" characteristics when choosing a mate, rather than job status and wealth. The study of mate selection has been discussed by scientists for many years. In fact, Charles Darwin was the first to propose that competition for mates plays an important role in reproductive success, a process he dubbed sexual selection (Dugatkin & Godin, pg. 1). Personally, this article made me second-guess whether or not our hypothesis would be true, but our survey would eventually determine the validity of the hypothesis at hand."
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A Survey of Four Major Psychological Disorders, 2000.
A survey of Bipolar disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder, Depression, and Schizophrenia, their symptoms and treatments.
3,440 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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From the Paper
"There are almost as many behavioral problems as there are people, but some of these problems develop into disorders that are serious enough to disrupt an individual's life or the lives of the people who live and function with this individual. Four of the most serious disorders that jeopardize an individual's life are: Bipolar disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder, Depression, and Schizophrenia."
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