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Surveillance of Employees in the Workplace, 2004.
A discussion on whether the employer has the right to monitor employees in the workplace.
9,656 words (approx. 38.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 197.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the rights of employers' to monitor employees at work by intercepting emails and phone calls. It further considers the problems associated with such monitoring.
Outline
Introduction
Monitoring - Species of What?
Monitoring - Why?
Surveillance of Email and Internet
Telecommunications and CCTV Monitoring
Data Protection
Employee Surveillance and ECHR and Human Rights Act Defamation
Employee Monitoring - Private Rights and Public Policy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Over the last few years, software packages have made electronic performance monitoring possible ; employers are able to use more sophisticated techniques to monitor their subordinate employees. Commonly used is the "telephone tap". Numerous recorded messages inform us that our calls may be "monitored and or recorded". Often to safeguard employees and also to protect the employers own interests as well as clients' but also for training purposes. However, many employers have ulterior motives behind their ability to monitor and record calls."
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Video Surveillance of Employees, 2002.
An examination of the benefits to employers and privacy issues of employees.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
Examines benefits to employers and privacy issues of employees. Current state of the law (federal & state). Political and moral issues. Differing views of labor and business groups. Cites legal cases & decisions. Difference between a supervisor watching & employee video cameras. Employee rights advocates.
From the Paper
"Should an employer be allowed to conduct video surveillance of its employees in the workplace? No, say employees, who feel that such surveillance violates their right to privacy. Yes, say employers, who argue that employees have no right to privacy in the employer?s workplace, and the employer?s need to prevent misconduct and maximize productivity outweigh the privacy interests of employees. This paper will examine this question, focusing on the current state of the law (both federal and state) and the continuing political and moral debate among labor and business groups.
Employers utilize video surveillance for a variety of reasons. Situations that require scrutiny include suspicion of drug use, conducting personal business on company time, revealing trade secrets, surfing the Internet, and harassment issues..."
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IT Surveillance in the Workplace, 2008.
A research paper examining the argument that surveillance results in negative impacts to both the quality and quantity of work of employees who are under electronic surveillance.
17,236 words (approx. 68.9 pages), 153 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper attempts to ascertain whether the pervasive workplace monitoring in today's businesses and organizations is effective in nature and whether this pervasive monitoring of employees is really needed and furthermore the ultimate driver of this surveillance. It concludes that findings have shown that stress, high tension, headaches and extreme anxiety as well as depression, anger, severe fatigue and musculoskeletal problems are derivatives of the impact of electronic surveillance in the workplace. While employers do have the right to conduct monitoring in the workplace and this certainly has been the case in historically and traditionally, there are considerations of the employer and laws and regulations that are necessary to ascertain information on the part of the manager in order to be in compliance on the part of the organization.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Methodology
Literature Review
Summary of the Literature Review
Findings of the Study
Recommendations
From the Paper
"The work of Patrick W. Schmitz entitled: "Workplace Surveillance, Privacy Protection, and Efficiency Wages" published in the Labor Economics journal (2004) states that workplace surveillance technology is infiltrating the employee's daily environment. It has been estimated that in the United States more than twenty million workers were subject to electronic monitoring in 1993 that companies spent more than $1 billion on monitoring software in 1996, and that by now 80 percent of US corporations keep their employees under regular surveillance." This is stated to be accomplished through the use of "...video cameras, telephone taping devices, and computer monitoring systems." (Schmitz, 2004) This is not all, in addition, email and voice communication may be archived and searched as well as can keystrokes and it is even possible for employers to "track the amount of time employees spend away from their computers." "
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Surveillance In The Workplace, 2004.
Considers the issue of employee privacy and reasons for and against surveillance.
3,390 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the issue of employee privacy, reasons for and against surveillance and legal and ethical consequences. It describes various means and technology employed in gathering and retaining information.
From the Paper
"Employers have long been concerned about how to improve productivity in the workplace. Unions were formed in part to ensure that workers received regular breaks and rest periods but many employers assume that their employees do not work at maximum productivity all of the time. With the increased dependence of the business world on the Internet employers are concerned that employees are surfing the Web on company time and certainly this assumption is correct in some cases. Just as companies worked out rules for ..."
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Employee Privacy and Video Surveillance, 2002.
Examining the moral and ethical question regarding the right of a company to institute video surveillance of its employees.
2,358 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
Should an employer be allowed to conduct video surveillance of its employees in the workplace? This paper examines the view of employees who feel that such surveillance violates their right to privacy. It also looks at the argument presented by employers, who say that employees have no right to privacy in the employer?s workplace, and the employer?s need to prevent misconduct and maximize productivity outweigh the privacy interests of employees. This paper examines this question, focusing on the current state of the law (both federal and state) and the continuing political and moral debate among labor and business groups.
From the Paper
"Employers utilize video surveillance for a variety of reasons. Situations that require scrutiny include suspicion of drug use, conducting personal business on company time, revealing trade secrets, surfing the Internet, and harassment issues (sexual and otherwise). For example, an employer could institute surveillance to ensure against a ?hostile workplace,? one of the causes of action under a sexual harassment suit. Similarly, surveillance could be used to ferret out instances of racial discrimination committed by employees but actionable against the employer. Employers in heavily regulated industries, such as nuclear power plants, also utilize videotaping to demonstrate compliance to federal authorities (Hymowitz 1)."
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Privacy in the Workplace, 2008.
Looks at the way technology in the workplace is invading employee privacy and affecting employers.
4,145 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that technology is often thought to increase employees' productivity, simplify work and make workplaces better; however, technology in the workplace also robs employees of privacy and employers of profits when it is misused by employees. The paper points out that experts believe that a certain amount of investigation about and surveillance of employees is necessary to manage a successful business operation. The paper then explores how much investigation and surveillance is too much and how can employees protect their privacy in the workplace. In addition, the paper offers a compromise position, which balances employer needs against employee rights, to the benefit of both groups.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
What is Personal Information and Privacy?
Employee Point of View
Advantages for Employees
Disadvantages for Employees
Negative Impacts on Workers
Employer Point of View
Why is Surveillance and Monitoring Necessary?
Surveillance can Increase Productivity
Too Much Surveillance can Hinder Productivity
What Types of Technologies are Available to the Employer?
How Can Employees Protect Their Privacy?
Common Ground
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Many employees are uneasy about this monitoring. They may wish to keep their financial situation private, or may not want the employer "to know their savings patterns" or that they are going through a divorce. Many employees are especially sensitive about their health information; a concern recognized by P.I.P.E.D.A., which outlines the types of health information it covers. Sexual orientation is another area some employees consider sensitive and wish not to disclose to the employer."
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Cyber-Surveillance, 2004.
A look at the ethical considerations involved in employers using cyber-surveillance to monitor employees.
1,176 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how a truly globalized economy is fast becoming a reality, thanks to technology, and how, with these benefits, comes new considerations and new challenges for businesses. In particular, it looks at how one such challenge involves the ethical considerations related to situations in which employers use cyber-surveillance to monitor their employees, especially the issue of invasion of privacy. It shows that a survey of 206 subjects found that perceived invasion of privacy was diminished when employees understood the monitoring policy and had input on the development of the policy.
Outline
Abstract
Background
Sample
Design and Procedure
Manipulations
Measures
Results
Secondary Research
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Electronic performance monitoring and control systems can include methods of counting keystrokes, reading employee e-mails, tracking employee locations, monitoring of Internet usage, videotaping areas of the organization, recording phone conversations, and even peeking into an employee?s computer screen or files (Alge, 2001). The most significant ethical concern, in all of these cases, is whether or not this surveillance is an invasion of the employee?s privacy. Utilizing 206 subjects, a survey was given covering 13 items to determine how each individual perceived the invasion on their personal privacy."
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Surveillance, 2005.
A discussion on in-house surveillance and the effect on employees.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the issue of what private industry can learn from casinos about state of the art security and surveillance systems. It also discusses the impact of monitoring on employees and the individual's expectation of privacy.
From the Paper
"According to an article published in "Futurist Workplace" surveillance is on the rise as employers seek ways to monitor and improve workers' productivity. However the program may not work as intended. The more employees feel they are being monitored ..."
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Workplace Monitoring, 2004.
An overview of workplace monitoring and the prospects involved in workplace surveillance.
1,477 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, as technology advances, employers worldwide are faced with the problem of employees' ill usage of the communication media and how, in order to reduce these risks, employers are now turning towards technology monitoring, which would enable them to keep a strict watch over their employees. It examines how many issues have arisen as a result of workplace monitoring, as well as the debate on whether this act by employers is ethically correct or not. It highlights the advantages of workplace monitoring and proves how it may become beneficial for both the employer and the employee. It also looks at the different types of workplace monitoring and the results obtained from them.
From the Paper
"Workplace monitoring can be divided into various categories. The first category is concerned with Call monitoring. Call monitoring basically involves listening to live phone calls and recording one's observations. ?The most important aspect of this system is the observer. The observer can sit next to the person making the call, which can be helpful with new employees who need training tips. The observer can also be a secret caller and judge the phone representative by playing a customer role? (Kristin Morgan, Types Of Employee-Monitoring Systems In The Workplace). As a result of call monitoring, an employee would be well aware of the surveillance and would always try his/her best not to violate the company?s policies."
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Privacy in the Workplace, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of workplace privacy and discusses trends in workplace surveillance.
1,194 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the issue of workplace privacy and the concerns that accompany this issue. Several individuals were interviewed via email for the purpose of this paper and their opinions are noted. Additional research regarding workplace privacy and future trends in workplace surveillance are discussed in detail. The suggestion is made that existing legislation regarding employee privacy protections are insufficient and clearly weighted towards the employer.
Outline:
Abstract
Interview One-HR Administrator
Interview Two-IT Administrator
Additional Research Related to Workplace Privacy
From the Paper
"Additionally, as technology continues to advance and new and novel ways of monitoring employees are conceived, the threat to workplace privacy seems certain to crossover directly to employees' personal privacy domains. One example of such new technologies being gradually adapted to employee surveillance and monitoring is the use and application of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. RFID technology is a radio enabled computer chip that is now in widespread use in the retail and foodservice industries among many others, which allows for more accurate and better types of data regarding products to be tracked and recorded by allowing easy reading and scanning of these products without ever being handled. While the use of RFID technology in the workplace might seem far-fetched and it certainly is not in widespread use by any stretch of the imagination, the fact that some foreign governments such as Mexico's judicial branch have implanted an RFID chip in some workers in order to control access to sensitive areas of its facilities should be alarming."
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Surveillance Technology, 2004.
An analysis of the use of surveillance technology in the workplace.
2,515 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the moral issue of the use of surveillance technology in the workplace. The paper contends that this not only violates an employee's right to a reasonable expectation of privacy, but serves as a mechanism for lowered morale and employee self-esteem. The paper presents numerous studies that suggest employers are increasingly willing to secretly monitor the actions of employees via surveillance equipment.
From the Paper
"As technology continues to afford employers the ability to monitor the day to day activities of their employees, use of surveillance technology in the workplace is gaining popularity. There are numerous statistics available that report widespread use of employee surveillance devices, with some reporting as many as 60-80% of employers utilizing some form of surveillance technology to monitor employee actions and work activity (Taslitz, 2002; Lund, 1994). Though a majority of these employers admit that the survey employees, many of them also admit that they inform employees that they may be monitoring their actions at any given time. They are not however required by law to tell employee's when they are being monitored (Lund, 1994) and this lack of regulation makes many employee's uncomfortable with the surveillance technology process."
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Workplace Privacy, 2007.
An analysis of the legal and ethical ramifications of employee testing and surveillance.
1,688 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses workplace privacy. It looks at the new and increasingly controversial ways in which employers can impinge upon an employee's privacy, such as drug testing, genetic testing and electronic surveillance. It then discusses, in detail, the legal and ethical ramifications of employers using these tools and how they can impact on the workplace.
From the Paper
"From the utilitarian standpoint, it is certainly imaginable that genetic testing, drug testing, and electronic surveillance might contribute to the overall good by increasing the output of various businesses. However, it is also imaginable that the negative aspects associated with these measures might detract from the total happiness of society: increased surveillance and the inability to use certain drugs might decrease employee contentedness; meanwhile, genetic testing might leave major subsets of society out of the economy and impoverished. Deontologically, people might take a stand for personal physical privacy as an innate moral good; yet, precisely what each deontologist might define privacy to be may vary. Consequently, some deontologists might think that workplace surveillance and drug tests are morally acceptable, while genetic tests are not. Others might organize their beliefs differently--all measures may be seen as morally unacceptable, for instance. Essentially, attesting to be either a utilitarian or a deontologist gives little indication of which way an individual might lean with respect to physical privacy in the workplace."
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Computer Surveillance, 2005.
A qualitative study about how computer surveillance is an attempt to conceptualize crime in the 21st century.
4,878 words (approx. 19.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 124.95
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Abstract
The primary focus of this study is a qualitative exploration of the changing nature of crime related to computer surveillance. Specifically, this study examines how advances in technology have facilitated computer crimes affecting both consumers and corporations. The extent to which computer surveillance crimes are becoming more insidious is explored, as well as any methods currently in use for deterring crime. The author explores the nature of computer crime and surveillance in a comprehensive literature review and combines the results of this examination with the information gained from surveying populations affected by computer surveillance. The conclusion of the study finds that the nature of crime is, in fact, changing in the face of technological advances. The author concludes that, though criminal activity is becoming more prevalent and problematic thanks to advances in surveillance, there still exist few solutions and statistical reports with regard to deterring criminal activity.
Abstract
Introduction
Background of The Problem
Rationale
Purpose/Objectives/Theoretical Framework
Research Hypothesis
Limitations
Summary of Remaining Chapters
Literature Review
Overview
Computer Crime in a Digital Age
The Impact of the Net on Computer Surveillance
Networked Surveillance
Electronic Surveillance in the Workplace
Deterring Crime
Deterrence and Encryption Technology
Methodology
Setting
Research Instrument
Survey Population/Description of the Subject
Hypothesis Evaluation
Hypothesis 1
Data/Analysis
Hypothesis 2
Data/Analysis
Conclusions/Recommendations
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
From the Paper
"A primary objective of the paper will be to assess changes in the nature of monitoring in recent years in addition to the impact computer surveillance has had vs. traditional surveillance methods. A qualitative study will be conducted in order to uncover trends and the implications of advanced technological incentives on computer surveillance activity. A qualitative study is most appropriate with regard to this subject, as an empirical or experimental examination would be impossible given the few available resources allocated to conducting a project of this scope. In addition, at this time there is limited information with regard to computer surveillance and statistics, due in part to a lack of cooperation between law enforcement agencies and technology firms who are consistently in competition to outperform one another (Shelley, 1998)."
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Privacy and Surveillance, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of privacy and surveillance and discusses where and how we should draw the line between them.
2,505 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer argues that privacy is very important in a liberal, democratic state and that it should be extended to the fullest practicable extent. At the same time, the writer also maintains that privacy concerns have to be balanced against the understandable need to protect others in society - this is especially true in a day and age of global terrorism. As a result of all this, the writer proposes that one should draw the line on surveillance in the following way: In the public space one should permit video surveillance, visual surveillance, and intermittent "checks" on employees just as long as the surveillance adheres to the standard of reasonableness articulated by the United States Supreme Court in "O'Connor v. Ortega". Turning to the private sphere, the writer holds that the much tougher standard of probable cause should be employed when it comes to watching and/or searching a citizen's private dwelling. A significant component of this paper is also set aside to looking at different types of surveillance approaches or activities and when and where each one is defensible - and when and where each one is not. The writer concludes that society does itself a grave injury by not ensuring that the prying eyes of the government cannot intrude into the inner sanctum of our lives.
From the Paper
"For one thing, the more traditional Fourth Amendment warrant and probable-cause requirements - requirements that permitted law enforcement searches of the personal possessions of private citizens - should really only apply in instances where a private dwelling is being searched or a personal vehicle is being searched; in cases where it is a desk or file or locker at a place of business, "reasonableness" alone is sufficient because the smooth operation of the workplace demands that investigations be launched periodically when an employee's performance or conduct is damaging to the organization. Additionally, when people enter someone else's private dwelling, they usually do so because they have been invited into that dwelling; to simply invite oneself in is, of course, tantamount to criminal trespass. Conversely, when people enter a public space to work, they are not doing so of their own volition but because they have a contractual obligation to do so; in other words, if they decline to appear (enter into that public space) for work without a legitimate reason (such as illness) or without proper notification, they run the risk of being ejected from their position. Because other people have to be present, a safety issue inevitably comes into play in public spaces - one that demands reasonable precautions be undertaken by management to protect others from possible harm."
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