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The Supreme Court And Civil Rights, 2007.
An examination of civil rights cases in the Supreme Court, in the post-Reconstruction period.
2,301 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The writer argues that one of the major reasons why African-Americans failed to achieve equality in the United States, following the Civil War, is due to the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States. The writer proposes that this makes it necessary to examine the records of this branch of the American government in order to determine how these decisions impacted African-Americans after the Civil War. The paper analyzes five important Supreme Court cases adjudicated following the war, which made equality in the United States impossible for African-Americans. The paper concludes that these decisions of the Supreme Court undermined the ability of African-Americans to obtain equality under the law and had a very detrimental effect on this brave and often dangerous quest to gain equality in America during the days of the post-Reconstruction Era.
From the Paper
"One of the first major Supreme Court cases considered after the Civil War was the Slaughterhouse cases, brought before the Court by the butchers of New Orleans in response to a law passed in 1869 by the legislature of the State of Louisiana which allowed the incorporation of the Live Stock and Slaughterhouse Company in New Orleans and granted them exclusive rights to slaughter livestock within the city, effectively granting them a monopoly. Thus, the butchers had no choice but to seek redress through the courts via a lawsuit which argued that the new law violated their fourteenth Amendment right to due process."
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Privacy Rights - A Supreme Court Authority, 2005.
Questions whether the Supreme Court of the US has the power to limit President Bush in his advocacy.
737 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
There is much conflict over the issue of privacy in the US government today. Though much of the conflict revolves around the right to an abortion without parental or spousal notification, the right certainly applies to other aspects, like the Patriot Act and Civil Rights movement, in the lives of its constituents. Through the use of various amendments, cases and other resources, this essay examines these aspects and proves that a right to privacy exists in the Constitution, although not stated explicitly, and argues for the Supreme Court authority to undermine the Congress.
From the Paper
"The right against unsanctioned intrusion of the government in the lives of its constituents is a fundamental, unalienable right of human beings to privacy. However, governments often create law enforcement agencies specifically designed to override this right in order to maintain security within the country. Civil rights libertarians strongly criticize such intervention, arguing, with proof, that such designs allow governments to become repressive regimes and prosecute people for political dissent. The issue does not concern whether a right to privacy is important, which it undoubtedly is, but whether the Supreme Court has been granted enough authority by the US Constitution to enforce this right."
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American Civil Rights, 2008.
A discussion of the effect on civil rights in America of the Patriot Act of 2001 and the 2007 Supreme Court's decision to make partial-birth abortions illegal.
1,329 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the challenges to civil rights that exist today in the United States. The paper particularly discusses the the implementation of the Patriot Act of 2001 and, in 2007, the Supreme Court's decision to make partial-birth abortions illegal. It then looks at how these two decisions have affected overall civil rights in America.
From the Paper
"If any good can be found in this ongoing crisis in the United States and its Patriot Act, it is that, hopefully, an important lesson has been learned by American civil rights activists. That lesson is that human rights cannot be taken for granted. Activists need to keep working even when civil rights are in good shape. Luckily, one win for the Democrats will probably be enough to get the legal framework moving to repeal the Patriot Act. The history of American civil rights since 1945 is too strong a tradition to be held hostage by hysterical legislation."
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Civil Rights Movements, 2005.
A discussion on the American Civil Rights Movements, focusing primarily on the fight for civil rights for African-Americans, women and homosexuals.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the American Civil Rights Movement was primarily a nonviolent struggle by African-Americans to obtain full rights, protections and equality under the law. It looks at how, although in many aspects the Civil Rights Movement continues it struggle for equality today, it actually began with the start of the Civil War and really took off in the 1960s. It looks at how the Civil Rights Movement has seen many successes and failures including boycotts, sit-ins, ride-ins and victories in the Supreme Court and how it has been led by such leaders as W.E.B Dubois, Thurgood Marshall and Dr. Martin Luther Jr.
Outline:
Introduction
Civil Rights Movement Background
Civil Rights Movement Timeline (1865-1955)
The Aims of the Civil Rights Movement
Major Players and Their Role in the Movement
Successes and Failures of the Movement
Other Movements with Roots in the Sixties
Conclusion
From the Paper
"After the Civil War, the 13th Amendment to the Constitution was passed in 1865. The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery. In 1868, the 14th Amendment was passed. This amendment made anyone born in the United States a naturalized citizen and afforded them equal protection under the law. The amendment however although providing equal protection to all citizens, created what is known as the separate by equal doctrine or better known as segregation. In 1870, the 15th Amendment was passed which provided voting rights to all citizens regardless of race. But with the passing of this amendment it, it did not remove literacy tests to qualify voters. This test was particularly used to eliminate black voters. "
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Race Relations and the U.S. Supreme Court, 2002.
This paper discusses the use of the U.S. Supreme Court, from the end of the Civil War through 1917, to support the beliefs that truly all men are created equal.
1,075 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the use of the U.S. Supreme Court by Blacks, Chinese and others to end discrimination, segregation and disenfranchisement by initiating and challenging regional legal decisions. The paper describes important U.S. Supreme court cases of this period: Roberts vs. the City of Boston ("separate but equal" doctrine), Ho Ah Kow vs. Nunan (discrimination against Chinese), Plessy vs. Ferguson (state's rights to enact its own laws) and Buchanan vs. Warley ( states cannot officially segregate African Americans into residential districts).
From the Paper
"For example, the Chinese, who comprised a critical element in building the fortunes of the West, were denied many of the rights whites freely enjoyed. The Chinese persevered in this hostile climate and succeeded in broadening the definition of "American." The Chinese achieved Constitutional rights and led the way for other immigrant groups yet to come. In Ho ah Kow vs. Nunan, Ho Ah Kow sued a San Francisco sheriff who followed a racially-motivated law that decreed all prisoners have their hair cut at the uniform length of one inch long upon entering jail."
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The Supreme Court and Public Opinion, 2006.
An analysis of the effect that the Supreme Court has on public opinion.
2,721 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses the effects of Supreme Court decisions on public opinion as debated by Johnson and Martin in "The Public Conditional Responses to Supreme Court Decisions," Mishler and Sheenan's "The Supreme Court as a Countermajoritarian Institution? The Impact of Public Opinion on Supreme Court Decisions" and Rosenberg in his book "The Hollow Hope". This paper argues that the Supreme Court does have an effect on public opinion but that such effects are conditional.
From the Paper
"It would be simple to conclude that the Supreme Court either has an effect on public opinion or that it has no effect whatsoever on public opinion. The correct conclusion would be to say that the Supreme Court has an effect on public opinion and that such effect is not always clearly determinable. In other words, "The Supreme Court can and does influence public attitudes toward highly salient issues, but its effect is conditional" (Johnson and Martin, 1998, 306). This is known as the Conditional Response Theory, as established by Johnson and Martin in their article The Public's Conditional Response to Supreme Court Decisions. Johnson and Martin assert that the Conditional Response Theory is based on three facts: First, the Supreme Court is viewed as a creditable institution and therefore a highly legitimate one. "
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Federalism and the Supreme Court In the 1990s, 1998.
Examines new trends towards states rights seen in Supreme Court cases since 1992. Examination reveals that these Supreme Court cases have given more power back to the state rather than the federal government.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 11 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"Supreme Court cases since 1992 have given more power back to the states rather than the federal government. In the history of the nation, the balance of power between the states and the national government has shifted many times. The Supreme Court has previously provided additional support to congresses obsessed with the further federalization of government control by upholding federal supremacy in almost every area. This is no longer so. The current Supreme Court under Chief Justice Rehnquist has supported the states in four recent and significant cases. Two of these cases, United States v. Lopez and Seminole Tribe of Florida, Petitioner v. Florida, et al., have ended the congressional practice of regulating local and intrastate affairs via the commerce clause in the Constitution. States' rights to local sovereignty reserved under the 10th Amendment were upheld by two other cases, New York v. United States and Printz, Sheriff/Coroner, Ravalli County, Montana v. United States. When considered together, these four cases as well as the nature of the opinions written about them present an overall trend towards states' rights."
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Interest Groups & Supreme Court, 1991.
This paper analyzes the role that interest groups play in Supreme Court cases: History and development of influence of lobbyists, accessibility of the Supreme Court, pros and cons and legal theory.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 10 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"This paper will critically analyze the role that interest groups play in Supreme Court cases. As a general rule, it is assumed that special interests do not belong at the level of the federal judiciary. The function of the Supreme Court is solely to interpret the Constitution as it pertains to matters of law. In order to arrive at fair and equal judgements, the Court needs to be free from the influence of outside sources. Interest groups are permitted by law to seek influence among members of Congress through the practice of lobbying. In this regard, the Supreme Court has played an important role in regulating the extent to which interests may take advantage of this First Amendment right.1 Nevertheless, the Court itself has for the most part attempted to remain "insulated" from the influence of lobbyists and other groups.2 The idea that this freedom from ... "
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Supreme Court Striking Down Taboos, 2002.
A paper which discusses the rulings of the U.S. Supreme Court on two cases dealing with interracial marriage and gay rights.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the U.S. Supreme Court provided tangible direction in 1967?s 'Loving vs. Virginia' and in 1986?s 'Bowers vs. Hardwick'. The paper shows that by ruling against states? rights, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to prohibit interracial marriage in Loving but sided with Georgia in Bowers and ruled that the state statute prohibiting sodomy was constitutional -- striking gay rights a blow from which they only began to recover in 1996. The paper explores how these two cases had an immense impact on the historical progress of the twentieth century - the end of the century concerned itself primarily with equality and equal rights for various groups and these two cases were seminal in determining the course of the twenty-first century?s continuation of the quest for equal rights.
From the Paper
"Interracial marriages and gay rights represent much larger issues -- as if those issues are not large enough. American history since 1789 is one long debate between states? rights and federal powers. Those usually willing to effect change in favor of minority groups have clamored for federal powers to refuse states the right to marginalize certain groups. Those who prefer the conservative -- whether evangelical Christian or not -- viewpoint call for the federal government to stay out of states? regulations pertaining to hotbed issues like race and sexual orientation."
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The Supreme Court, 2005.
This paper extensively reviews the Supreme Court, two of its Chief Justice--- Earl Warren and William H. Rehnquist--- and some of the cases relating to their tenure.
5,610 words (approx. 22.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, when studying the Supreme Court, the views of the Chief Justice becomes the generalization for the Court as a whole because, when each new Chief Justice is appointed, the view of the Court tends to change. The author points out that two of the main changes that the Supreme Court has gone through over the last half century were periods when it was headed by Chief Justices Earl Warren, who became a liberal and by William H. Rehnquist, who remained a staunch conservative; both were Republicans but they had completely different views on how the decisions of the Supreme Court should be made. The paper concludes that the Supreme Court would not be considered the most prestigious court in the United States, and perhaps even the world, if it was not a court with diversity, not only in the justices themselves who represent various races, genders, ethnicities and religions, but also in ideologies and political views.
From the Paper
"Throughout Warren's years as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, he changed the entire way the nation operated. Warren and his court overruled precedents and set new ones. When an individual wakes up, gets ready, and goes to school, that individual will most likely step into a classroom where there are people of many different races, ethnicities and religions. If it was not for the liberal views of the Warren Court, especially Warren himself, there is no way to determine if the United States would have the civil rights that it does. If it were not for the Warren Court, we would not hear, "you have the right to remain silent..." on the television show, Cops, every night. Warren's liberal views helped mold the United States into what it is today."
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The U.S. Supreme Court and Politics, 1998.
A discussion of the various topics that the U.S. Supreme Court deals with.
1,670 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 54.95
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Abstract
A detailed examination of the U.S. Supreme court and the type of matters it addresses. The author argues that issues of politics and political controversies should be taken into account by the supreme court as often they form constitutional issues, and supports this view by emphasizing the chief objective of the U.S. supreme court: to preserve the principles and rights guaranteed in the U.S. Constitution. The paper includes an analysis of various politicians and an explanation of the roles of the supreme court and judiciary.
From the Paper
"When political beliefs and thoughts evolve into law, often times, constitutional issues arise alongside. Although the U.S. Supreme Court has the license to decide whether or not to adjudicate matters involving hot political topics, past history has indicated that the Court has not been inclined to evade such questions, but rather, to thoroughly delve into such controversies. As a staunch Federalist, Alexander Hamilton had strong beliefs and ideas as to how the infant U.S. government should be set up and efficiently run. As opposed to Thomas Jefferson?s notions on the importance of strong state governments, Hamilton believed in the superiority of a powerful central government body. He set forth his political views in the Federalist papers, examining all aspects of government and focusing on the role of the judicial branch in numbers 78, 79 and 80."
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The United States Supreme Court, 2008.
This paper examines the United States Supreme Court, looking into its history and procedures.
1,248 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides the background to the U.S. Supreme Court through a brief history of the Court. In addition, the writer presents an explanation as to how cases from trial court work their way up to the Supreme Court for review. The writer notes that both topics are rich with layers of complexity and for the purposes of this paper, an overview of the history and process of the Supreme Court is provided.
From the Paper
"Additional restrictions on appeals to the Supreme Court include some of the general restrictions applied to all appellate review. For example, appeals are restricted to losing parties, questions of law to be addressed must have been raised during trial court, and time restrictions exist in permitting the filing of an appeal.
"Once a case successfully reaches the Supreme Court docket, a lengthy review process begins which can take as long as three years to complete. Once the process is completed, the Supreme Court issues a number of opinions representing the different views held by the justices following the review process. The opinion most widely shared amongst the majority (the majority opinion) represents the final decision of the Supreme Court. "
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The Second Amendment and the Supreme Court, 2006.
A review of the five cases of the Second Amendment that have been heard in the U.S. Supreme Court.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the United States Supreme Court has heard only five cases in relation to the Second Amendment to the Constitution. These cases include US v. Cruikshank, Presser v. Illinois, Miller v. Texas, US v. Miller, and Lewis v. US. In 1876 US v. Cruikshank was brought before the Supreme Court. The paper reviews the case of 1876, when U.S. v. Cruikshank was brought before the Supreme Court. The Court held that it was not an individual's right to "bear arms", that the ability of citizens to carry weapons was intended to address the need of the states to form a militia for the purpose of protecting the population.
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The U.S Supreme Court, 2002.
An analysis of the U.S Supreme Court and their impact on the constitution.
1,935 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the constitution against the decisions of the Supreme Court and evaluates how the meaning of the U.S. Constitution has been shaped by the personalities, philosophies and composition of the members of the U.S. Supreme Court. The writer compares and contrasts two U.S. Supreme Court Justices with different philosophies of law and interpretation. The paper covers the theory and cites specific case examples and their impact on the United States.
From the Paper
?We live in what is supposed to be the best nation on earth. We have freedoms that many do not have and we have opportunity that many never see. This country is one that embraces diversity and personal rights. While we have all of these things we have also reached a point in our existence where there are so many people and so many diverse ideas that its difficult to sort out what is and isn?t a constitutional right sometimes. The Supreme Court is often charged with making those decisions, which outs the Supreme Court in the position of not only interpreting the constitution but also shaping it as well by its decisions and rulings.?
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Civil Rights, 2006.
An historical overview of the American civil rights movement.
800 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the milestones of the civil rights movement. The paper begins by looking at landmark rulings by the Supreme Court. Then, the paper traces how various other disenfranchised groups -- Native Americans, women and homosexuals -- also joined the fight for equality.
From the Paper
"The NAACP had brought about legislation requiring integration giving hope to minorities. The election of John Kennedy in 1960 ushered in a new age of liberalism, but the progressives in the administration focused their attention on the race to the moon, idealistic enterprises like the Peace Corps and the Vietnam War. The Kennedy administration was blocked in many of its efforts by a conservative Congress, but the more progressive Supreme Court issued some landmark decisions that marked the beginning of the civil rights crusade. In Miranda v. Arizona (1966) the court declared that those accused of a crime must be informed of their rights and have an attorney present during questioning. The decision was of great benefit to the poor, the uneducated and those who were not fluent in English."
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