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"Success through Failure", 2008.
A review of Henry Petroski's arguments in his book, "Success through Failure: The Paradox of Design."
1,082 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Henry Petroski's book, "Success through Failure: The Paradox of Design," which examines the process by which new technologies and artifacts are created. The paper discusses Petroski's arguments regarding the relationship between success and failure in design. The paper also reviews the way that the book is written and the argument is presented.
From the Paper
"Petroski's Success through Failure is an exploration of the relationship between success and failure in design. The reaction to failures, as well as attempts to avoid those failures in the first place, is one of the most important aspects of the design process. Or, at least, this is Petroski's argument. The reality is a bit more subtle than that; however, Petroski draws a wide swath of historical evidence, examples, and anecdotes to illustrate that more often than not the advance of technology and design is built on a foundation of failures, not successes."
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"Success Through Failure", 2008.
A book review of Henry Petroski's, "Success Through Failure".
1,292 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Henry Petroski's, "Success Through Failure" about technological innovation. In particular, the paper discusses the thesis of the text, its effectiveness, and the broad scope of the volume. The paper also examines the organization of the work, its "style," its use of sources, and to which type of reader it seems best-suited. The paper concludes that, while not a path-breaking book or an engrossing one, it is a solid contribution to the general literature and should be seen as such.
From the Paper
"The scope of the book is impressive insofar as every conceivable "angle" is covered when detailing the dramatic and often uneven process by which technological innovation comes about. For example, the first chapter discusses how technological break-throughs often took place in response to the perceived limitations of previous technologies. The second chapter of the text devotes itself to looking at how the nature of the design problem can create a greater or lesser probability that certain key features will be overlooked. That is to say, if the design problem is complex and if it seeks to successfully incorporate a variety of different functions, the odds are high that the production process will lead to failures of one kind or another - and thus to "after-the-fact" adaptations and modifications. "
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The Success and Failure of Jefferson Davis, 2005.
Considers the success of Jefferson Davis prior to the Civil War and his failure as President of the Confederacy.
3,237 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper offers an in-depth examination of Jefferson Davis's success as Secretary of War under President Franklin Pierce and as a Senator from Mississippi, protecting slavery. It considers the question of why such a successful politician was a failure as President of the Confederacy. The paper examines a few of his failings as Confederate President, such as the concerns of small farmers and mismanagement of the Confederate Army.
From the Paper
"Jefferson Davis has been viewed historically as both a hero for state's rights and a villain for his role as the first and only President of the Confederate States of America. Prior to the Civil War, Davis attended West Point and served as Secretary of War under President Franklin Pierce. Davis also served a term in the Senate during which he opposed secession and attempted to consolidate a position on states rights that preserved the union. Following his resignation from the Senate after Mississippi's secession, Jefferson Davis served as President of the Confederate States of America, his primary role being the administration of the Confederate Army. Perhaps the most interesting thing we can learn about Jefferson Davis is how he was able to be successful as Secretary of War and Senator, but failed as President of the Confederacy. Of course, Jefferson Davis' duties as President of the Confederacy differed greatly from his prior responsibilities, and unfortunately, he simply lacked the capacity to effectively manage the embattled Confederate government."
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Success, Failure and Hemingway, 2002.
An analysis of "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" by Ernest Hemingway.
2,960 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Hemingway's account of an ill-fated hunting expedition in which the author skillfully embeds his own definition of success and failure. Hemingway successfully conveys to readers his belief that personal success is how a man feels about life at the moment of his death.
From the Paper
"At the onset of "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber," Ernest Hemingway's fated central character, on a 1930's safari in Africa with his wife, Margot, and his British Guide, Robert Wilson, chooses to define himself through other's eyes instead of looking for self-approval through personal satisfaction. Through the use of a tripartite story structure, Hemingway effectively shows the reader that the accepted "trappings" of social success almost inevitably lead to the author's definition of personal failure, unless that person can summon the courage to make drastic but necessary changes in his life. In the first part, Hemingway not only introduces the central characters, but defines their roles as well. Failing to receive his overly critical wife's support and approval after an embarrassing encounter with a lion, Macomber then seeks the respect of his accomplished guide as "the great white hunter". Failing that, Hemingway then shows us that a cowardly preoccupation with Francis' own image shows that Macomber has finally reached a dire crossroads in his life. He uses the second part, "a flashback," of the story to support and reinforce these same definitions, and finally in the third part, he serves up his moral of the story through the very unexpected ending of Francis' death. By the tale's finish, the author's message is clear; although many people often find unhappiness through the money they accumulate, the influence and approval they garner with other people, etc, without ever reflecting on their own desires, talents, or emotions, there is the possibility of total satisfaction and salvation. Hemingway uses the triangle to illustrate his belief that the human qualities of courage and cowardice can be the keys to personal success or failure."
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Successes and Failures of the Ford Motor Company, 2002.
A paper which assesses the reasons for the successes and failures of the Ford Motor Company, according to Collins and Porras' text "12 Myths of Successful Businesses" in their book on the subject.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
According to the book "Built To Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies by James Collins and Jerry Porras", the Ford Motor Company is one of the paradigmatic examples of successful enterprise in the American automobile industry. Like the image it has projected of its automobiles, the firm itself is a model of durability and consistency. This paper examines the reasons for the successes and some of the failures of the company according to the principles outlined in Collins and Porras' text, what they call their "12 Myths of Successful Businesses", that are outlined and exploded over the course of the book's analysis.
From the Paper
"Ford Motors company has produced products that have changed not only the automobile industry but American corporate and popular culture as a whole, including such models as the Model T of the first half of the 20th century and later the Mustang. (Collins and Porras pp. 2-4) "Innovate, Motivate, Lead," proclaims the corporate slogan of Ford upon its 100th anniversary as a company. The company pioneered the 'assembly line' system of automobile manufacturing. In this system, the parts and vehicles themselves moved rather the individuals doing the manufacturing. This system enabled the company to manufacture the first automobile, known as the Model T, which was affordable and accessible on a mass scale to ordinary American families."
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Democracy and the U.S. Constitution: A Discussion of the Successes and Failures of the Founding Fathers in making an Obtainable Democracy, 2000.
After discussing the successes and failures of the founding fathers, the author of the paper concludes that they mostly did a good job, but disputes that America now has a pure democracy.
1,360 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 45.95
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From the Paper
" A perfect democracy would be a democracy where everyone- the poor, the rich, the weak, the strong- get to have a say in what the government does. Wherein the supreme power ultimately rests with the people. However, this is not reality. Instead, representative democracy can be defined in two ways: the responsible model and the popular model. In the popular model, ordinary people have a great deal of freedom and ability to participate actively in government. In this type, elections express the popular will and determine policies. Examples of this model include the House of Representatives, the Virginia Plan, and citizen initiatives. In the responsible model, citizens play a more passive role. Government officials have a great deal of freedom to act on the behalf of the country as a whole. Elections here, grant popular consent and determine leaders. Examples of this model are the Senate, the New Jersey Plan, and the Supreme Court. Although the people of the United States live in a democracy that has both popular and responsible elements, democracy here has always been more denoted by the popular model. "
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Richard Nixon: From Success to Failure to Success, 2006.
An essay following Nixon through his failures in the early 1960s to his successful election to the presidency of the United States.
2,286 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a brief outline of former U.S. President Richard Nixon's political career. The paper traces Nixon's early political successes starting with his vice presidency under President Dwight D. Eisenhower through a series of setbacks over the next few years to his victory in the 1968 presidential election against President Lyndon B. Johnson.
From the Paper
"The press ran with the story and Nixon was under fire. He admitted to remembering "something between $15,000 and $18,000 collected and disbursed" (Morris, P. 763). One newspaper reported Nixon received and "expense allowance from up to fifty to one hundred well-to-do southern California political angels since he entered the U.S. Senate in 1951" (Morris, P. 763). The fund was actually used to pay for extra clerical work and to answer mail from his home state. In a statement released by his attorney the facts of the money were described as "It handles postage for mail on which I do not choose to use the much-abused senatorial franking privilege. It defrays travel expenses. It pays for the cost of printing speeches and documents which otherwise might have been printed at the taxpayer's expense." (Morris, P. 767). Nixon had not done anything illegal, and had in fact saved the taxpayers money. This did not prevent his enemies from continuing their political attack. In spite of the fact, Eisenhower had already chosen Nixon as his running mate for the 1952 Presidential campaign, and all investigations failed to prove the fund was not used illegally, but rather honorably, there was even mixed emotions regarding Nixon within the Republican Party. Nixon's supporters urged Nixon to stand tall and not resign as running mate. However, Harold Stassen, a staunch Republican supporter from Philadelphia, suggested Nixon offer his resignation to Eisenhower for the good of the party (Morris PP. 800-801). Nixon did not offer his resignation and Eisenhower won the election in a landslide."
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Napolean's Successes and Failures, 2002.
An analysis of Napolean's failure in Egypt and success in France.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss why Napolean failed in Egypt, in conjunction with his success at home. The paper will give reasons for his failure in Egypt and the events that occurred that brought about his defeat there. The paper will also tell, why at the same, time he was successful at home.
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The Euro: Failure or Success?, 2002.
A look at whether the Euro succeeded or failed.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 13 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the statement that, because the Economic and Monetary Union in Europe was largely the offspring of politics, it is doomed to failure. While accepting the assumption of political birth, the paper argues that the conclusion is not necessarily so and that the long-term success or failure of the EMU depends on events that have yet to take place. The paper concludes that there is a good likelihood that the EMU will succeed in some form or other.
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Information Systems Failure, 2004.
This paper seeks to critically examine the statement "Most information systems fail in that they are never completed or, if completed, not used as originally intended".
2,176 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how modern organisations of today use different kinds of information systems (IS) with various needs and objectives and how it is now inevitable that most IS projects are either not completed or not used as originally intended. It shows how statistically only 26 percent of all IS projects are deemed to be successful and attempts to evaluate how we can measure success and failure and what we understand by the term information system.
Outline
What Do We Understand From 'Information System' ?
What is Failure and For Whom it is a Failure?
Factors Affecting Information Systems
Evaluation of Success/Failure
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There exists a common sense which suggests that an IS is made of an application program running on some hardware. However IS are not entirely concerned with software and hardware. They also include social elements. Therefore an IS should be treated as a socio-technical entity. The introduction of an IS to an organisation brings about many changes in working patterns, organisational structure, job descriptions and so on. As Bostrom and Heinen argue "one cannot install new technology without considering the people who must work with it" (Bostrom and Heinen, 1977). Therefore a socio-technical philosophy has to be adopted while dealing with IS."
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The Presidency of George H. W. Bush, 2008.
An analysis of the success and failure of the presidency of George H. W. Bush.
2,170 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines some of the major events during George H. W. Bush's presidency. The paper analyzes his accomplishments during his presidency and explains that his influence was such that it is at times difficult to remember that he was only a one-term president. In fact, some of the events that took place during his presidency, as well as his response to them, are still having an effect today. The paper concludes that President George Herbert Walker Bush is an intriguing blend of both success and failure. The paper suggests that though his military actions were swift and apparently successful in terms of accomplishing certain set goals, they were not significant in reducing the overall problems in either Panama or Iraq.
Outline:
Major Events
Panama Invasion
The Savings and Loan Bailout Scandal
The Americans with Disabilities Act
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
Persian Gulf War
Success or Failure?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Even before Bush's presidency, Manuel Noriega was considered a serious problem. The Reagan administration had attempted to provide Noriega with aid for the Contras, which he then used to send illegal drugs into the United States (Childress 83). In addition, Noriega had already been found to be involved in money laundering for the considerable drug trade that went through Panama. Finally, this dictator was considered guilty of many human rights violations of his country's people. According to Ryan J. Barilleaux and Mark Rozell, George Bush himself expressed the desire to see Noriega removed from his position, in May 1989 and, for the reasons mentioned above, the American public favored his overthrow (28)."
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President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Agenda, 2008.
An analysis of the successes and failures of the first and second "new deal" agendas of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1,423 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses President Franklin D. Roosevelt's "new deal" agenda. It describes the causal factors for the agenda of the first "new deal" and the areas to which the deal was supposed to bring relief. The paper then looks at the second new deal and its aims. Finally, the paper discusses the successes and failures of President Roosevelt's "new deal" agendas.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Causal Factors of the New Deal
The First New Deal
The First One Hundred Days
Relief for Unemployment
Recovery
Reform
The Second New Deal
Expanded Labor Reform
The Social Security Act
Successes and Failures of the New Deal
From the Paper
"One aspect of long-term economic reform that had to be made is related to the issue of deflation in the American currency. Roosevelt created the National Industry Recovery Act, which demanded that worker wages would incrementally increase along with prices. This reform helped to give rights to workers to build unions under the law, which gave them a greater ability to demand better wages. Also, the Nation Recovery Administration (NRA) was yet another alphabet organization that regulated pricing and wages in many different labor sectors, helping to create more stability and balance. This would eventually create the minimum wage standards that would increase with the inflation of money values, as well as the pricing used by big business and their products."
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The Soft Drink Market, 2004.
An examination of the soft drink market, in general, and Good Body drink, in particular, focusing on marketing successes and failures.
2,950 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the marketing trends and strategies used by Good Body drink to market its product in the United States. An overview of the soft drink market in general is provided. The paper discusses the target market of Good Body drink and analyzes the product's marketing successes and failures. Various opportunities and threats facing the soft drink company are presented in this paper.
Introduction
Good Body Drink and its Target Market
The Drink Industry and its Current Environment
Good Body Drink's Marketing Successes and Failures
SWOT Analysis of Good Body Drink
Opportunities and Threats to be Addressed
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Good Body drink was established in California by a group of friends who were looking for a healthy alternative drink in the early 70s. The product during its initial stages was produced in the homes of the manufacturers and marketed to local establishments and restaurants by using personal selling. The advertisements and promotions used by the company were pleasing and appealed to the sense of humor of the community they served. When pricing the product the owners of the company choose to price it higher that the other drinks available in the market. In spite of the higher price of the product the company was able to increase the sales growth. With customer demand increasing the company also decided to diversify. It created more than 25 additional unique flavors to complement the ones that were already being marketed at the time."
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Chronic Renal Failure, 2006.
This paper discusses chronic renal failure, also called chronic kidney failure, which is a serious disease that can be fatal if not treated.
1,690 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the beginning of chronic renal failure, there are virtually no symptoms; however, the progression of the disease can cause an increase in blood pressure, an accumulation of potassium in the blood, an accumulation of urea, anemia, fatigue, an overload of fluid volume, cardiac arrhythmia and vascular calcification. The author points out that, at end-stage of renal disease, renal replacement therapy, such as kidney dialysis and even kidney transplant, is required to keep the patient alive. The paper relates that patients with chronic renal failure also have a high incidence of atherosclerosis, which usually accelerates at a faster rate, and of cardiovascular disease, which has a prognosis that is not as good as someone without chronic renal failure.
From the Paper
"Sometimes, the levels of serum creatinine have not been measured in the past, and therefore the patient is often first treated as having acute renal failure. Only when blood tests continue to show elevated serum creatinine levels and it is determined that the renal failure is irreversible will the diagnosis be made as chronic renal failure as opposed to the previously assumed acute renal failure. A numerous amount of uremic toxins also accumulate in individuals that have chronic renal failure and are involved in the treatment of standard dialysis."
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Hobbes, Machiavelli and Political Failure, 2008.
An analysis of the causes and consequences of political failure in Niccolo Machiavelli's "The Prince" and Thomas Hobbes's "The Leviathan".
3,468 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) and Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) can be assessed as theorists influenced by direct exposure to political failure and its resulting chaos. It looks as how Machiavelli suggested that the prince was a person who knew he could not have something for nothing, whereas Hobbes was inclined to place the citizen in similar shoes, needing to adjust to a directed social order aware that without small compromises, he would lose the order so needed and wanted to achieve his ambitions. The paper concludes that in the early 21st century, there is much in international political life to remind us of Machiavelli's "The Prince" and Hobbes' "The Leviathan" in different demonstrations of both leadership and political failure and how war, anarchy, alienation and social chaos do seem the prices of poor leadership approaches and the failure to provide what is needed.
Outline:
Introduction
Machiavelli on Political Failure
Hobbes on Political Failure
Lessons of being a Bad Leader, or a Bad Subject
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Both Machiavelli and Hobbes had few illusions about human nature and the difficulties of governance. Machiavelli saw political failure as owing directly to the nature of the leader and whether or not he was a prince, in a person astute and evolved enough to wield power, and as Hobbes agreed in places but also expected subjects to understand that beyond a symbolic leader they needed to see their own culpability when political systems fell to pieces, that they were merely parts of the same organic social machine. Political failure meant that one party of another was not complying as necessary to make the machine function and that this should be recognized. In other words, whatever kind of leader or ruler was produced, human unwillingness to put cooperation ahead of competition and greed, or a failure to respect the law towards other anarchy would bring political failure's result in the anarchy of which human beings were also much afraid. "
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