| Papers [1-4] of 4 | Search results on "STROOP TEST": |
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The Stroop Test, 2007.
A review of the results of three experiments that use different stimuli for the Stroop test.
765 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the use and significance of the Stroop test. It also looks at the scope of reliability of the test. It examines three studies that were conducted using differing forms of stimuli during the test. The paper hypothesizes that the studies will indicate that there is no significant difference in the type of stimuli used and the ability of the individual to perform the test.
From the Paper
"BermUdez and Ruiz-Caballero (1997) conducted a Stroop Test in which emotions were evaluated (p. 195). The test listed various words associated with positive or negative emotions that were listed in different colors. The participants were then asked to relay the printed colors rather than the words. The researchers found that in regard to the positive words used, the participants had a faster response time. However, when the negative words were used the response time was significantly longer for the respondents. The study indicates, therefore, that there is a strong indication that the stimulus has an impact on the participants of the Stroop Test."
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The Stroop Effect, 2005.
This paper discusses several experiments that increase the debate over the existence of the psychological phenomena called the Stroop effect.
3,280 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Stoop Effect, named for psychologist J. Ridley Stroop in 1935, is a deceptively simple theory of attention and cognition, which observes that it takes a human subject longer to name objects and colors aloud than it takes to name their corresponding words off a list of words. The author points out that Stroop concluded that the difference in speed in reading names of colors and in naming colors may be satisfactorily accounted for by the difference in training in the two activities called the "automatic word recognition hypothesis" or, as others have claimed, certain mental activities happen automatically whether the subject is consciously intending them or not. The paper relates that an interesting implication to come out of these studies testing this effect is that the context of the standard Stroop test may actually induce the Stroop effect.
From the Paper
"Still, current research continues to deal with the "automaticity" of learned behaviors, or "connections" in the modern parlance. MacLeod notes a 1990 study conducted by Jonathan Cohen in which he re-created many of the results of Stroop effect research in computer simulation done with a neural network. A neural network is a type of computer that allows the system hardware to "learn" by adaptation and evolution. Cohen's experiment gradually taught the computer to recognize information that represented ink colors, color words, animal picture and shapes in such a way meant to model human training - that is, by emphasizing the color words rather than the colors. As might be expected, the Stroop effect was also noticed in the computer's responses to standard Stroop tests."
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Stroop Interference and Gender, 2005.
An assessment of Stroop interference and gender differences in relation to reaction times.
2,568 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper is a research study to assess whether Stroop interference does indeed occur and whether automatic processing does indeed cause reaction times to congruent conditions to be quicker, substantiating Stroop's (1935) findings. The original Stroop test is a psychological test of a person's mental energy, vitality and flexibility and over the years it has been revised and adapted, yet the basic principles remain constant.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Method
Materials/Apparatus
Procedure
Results
The Stroop Effect
The Gender Effect
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is suggested that "cognitive processes become automatic as a result of frequent practice" (Schneider and Shiffrin, 1977) for example reading, writing, bike riding, swimming and driving. Hasher and Zacks (1979), and Posner (1978) defined automatic processes as being attention free, unconscious, and involuntary and the Stroop effect is usually taken as an indication for the automaticity of the reading process, at least in the sense of "automatic" as processing without monitoring. In other words a word that reads the same as the colour in which it is written, should be easier to process than a word in a conflicting colour. Much research into the Stroop effect has ultimately coincided with this view. (Stroop, 1935; Macleod, 1991)"
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Computer-Aided Rehabilitation in ADHD, 2004.
Review of existing literature on computer-aided rehabilitation in ADHD.
22,169 words (approx. 88.7 pages), 44 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper tests the idea that the personal computer and the programs that can be designed for it can be a strong, positive tool to help ADHD clients. The paper includes a discussion on the brain's ability to work around damage caused by injury or other insult, a discussion on different types of brain damage, and a discussion on the various ways for healing, or at least softening, the effects of brain damage. The paper also discusses motor, sensory, and autonomic function; the psychiatric aspects of traumatic brain injury; schizophrenia; and cerebrovascular disorder. It includes an extended discussion on the role MRI and PET examination in discovering what really goes in the formation and development of the brain in developmental disorders, including ADHD.
Current Empirical Understanding of Central Nervous System Neuroplasty
Neurophysiology of Intercerbral Neuronal Regeneration and Repair: Intra-
cellular and Extra-cellular Mechanisms.
Neuro-pharmacological Interventions in Neuroprotection and
Rehabilitation in Traumatic Brain Injury, Congenital Central Nervous
System Conditions including ADHD and Psychostimulant Medications.
Diagnostic Techniques in Neurorehabilitation including: PET, MRI, and
Neuropsychological testing (including: Stroop Color Word Test, and
Continuous Performance Tests) applicable to ADHD
Frontal Lobe Neuroplasticity in the Neurocompensation of Cognitive
Deficits in ADHD: A Focus on Executive Functions including: 1.
Response Inhibition (self-regulation); Problem-solving and Self-
monitoring; Working Memory; Planning and Organization.
The Rehabilitation of Attention using Computer Assisted Cognitive
Rehabilitation Programs including: Selective, Sustained, and Divided
Attention.
The Rehabilitation of Executive Function Using Computer Assisted
Cognitive Rehabilitation Programs including Response Inhibition (self-
regulation); Problem-solving and Self-monitoring; Working Memory;
Planning and Organization.
Review of Computer Assisted Cognitive Rehabilitation as a Treatment
Modality: A. Empirical Support, B. Limitations, and C. Future
Directions.
From the Paper
"Can the information gathered about how the human brain works to begin with and then repairs itself after injury be applied to helping people born with some developmental dysfunction such as Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder popularly known as ADHD? Children and adults with this disorder display inabilities to pay attention to the task at hand, appropriately monitor their responses to stimulus and in a range of functions called executive functions such as planning and organization. Building and ordering these functions is what such people need and the hope for the future is that our new technologies can both give us better understanding of causes and provide new, more effective ways to treat ADHD. Besides the new imaging technologies, we also have our societies? love affair with personal computers."
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