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Street Gangs, Juvenile Violence, and Drugs, 2005.
An examination of the problem of street gangs, juvenile violence, and drugs, and a suggestion for possible solutions.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses gang violence as a multi-generational problem in many communities. Many gangs are decades old, and solutions to the gang violence problem have been sought after for equally as long. The paper explores the structure and roots of gang violence, future trends, and proven solutions to the problem. It concludes that early intervention, as well as providing safe havens for youth at risk in troubled neighborhoods, are valuable tools to help stem the tide of gang violence.
From the Paper
"Gangs undertake a variety of criminal pursuits, and the level of violence that is perpetrated by the gang is directly related to the particular crimes that are committed. The drug trade is the primary involvement of the gangs. Gangs are also involved in intimidation, robbery, and other acts of violence as well. There is an increasing trend among gangs becoming involved in less traditional crimes, and becoming involved in identity theft and credit card fraud. (2005 National Gang Threat Assessment p. 4) The gangs are also becoming involved more and more with organized crime. The organized crime syndicates include the Mexican and South American drug cartels, Russian Organized crime, Asian Crime families, the more recognizable La Cosa Nostra (Mafia) and assorted other group throughout the world. (id p. 6) Gangs are also availing themselves to technology. The technology of choice by the gang members is the push-to-talk cell phone. This is of particular use in coordinating efforts of the individual members regardless of the criminal undertaking. The gangs also make use of the internet, postings on websites to communicate with members and notify them of event dates, as well as boasting of recent illicit activities. (id p.4)"
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Gang Violence and Drugs, 2001.
This essay examines the growing issue of drug-related gang violence in the U.S. and ways to combat the problem plaguing American youth today.
830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on drug-related violence committed by gangs. It attempts to analyze the major causes behind such violence and whether the trend the trend of gang violence is on the increase. The communities and demographic population in which such violence is most likely to occur are also discussed besides looking at certain possible ways of preventing or lessening gang violence.
From the Paper
"The disturbing phenomenon of gang violence in the inner American cities has been a major concern of parents, communities, and the law-enforcing agencies for many years. Of late, several studies indicate that the nature of gang violence has changed, with lethal violence being more likely related to the drug trade than to gang rivalries. One such study shows that drug related violence represents between a third and half of all gang violence. The reasons behind such a trend are multifarious and linked to the nature of youth gang culture. It is essential to take a brief look at these reasons before we can analyze and discuss some of the ways by which drug-related gang violence can be controlled."
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Juvenile Corrections System: Chicano Street Gangs, 1989.
Examines the contributing factors & possible solutions to youth crime, especially Chicano youth gangs.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 23.95
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From the Paper
" The American system of juvenile corrections has numerous failures and few successes, and it is a system in crisis as the inner cities produce more and more street gangs, violence, and troubled youth. There are many reasons for the increase in these problems, and the programs developed to cope with them have not kept pace with the rate of change and have not served well to control juveniles or to address their problems. Yet, new programs are suggested all the time, showing a realization of the need and attempts to come to terms with it.
Vigil (1988) writes specifically about Chicano street gangs in Los Angeles, but much of what he says about these young people apply as well to young people in other urban situations and other ethnic groups. He notes the increase in gang violence and crime and considers some of the reasons for this increase, reasons found (...)"
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Responses to Juvenile Violence in the USA, 2002.
This paper looks as three responses to juvenile violence over the past century and how they combine to form a holistic picture of the problem.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the legislative, judicial and administrative responses to juvenile violence. From the legislative aspect, it studies the justice system for minors and its changes over the past century. From a judicial aspect, it looks at the unfair application of the legislation in the USA. From the administrative aspect, it deals with the trend toward more rehabilitation-orientated treatment of juvenile offenders.
From the Paper
"Many juvenile courts have now discarded this so-called infancy defense and have found that delinquent acts can be committed by children of any age. This reflects less a change in the understanding of child psychology, however, than it does a change in cultural and social ideas about criminal agency (http://128.192.30.16/LegisGame/g7/issues/A10.htm).
"The creation in the late 19th century of a separate justice system for youths reflected a combined legislative, judicial and administrative response to the need that society felt for punishing youths - but not too much. So many offenders were juveniles that it was believed that some system must be established to deal with their unique needs and to help them from becoming lifetime criminals."
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Juvenile Violence, 2001.
Discusses some of the causes for the increasing trends of juvenile violence & crime. Focuses on intra-familial causes such as beatings, molestation, & incest.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"Juvenile violence has become a major problem in America
today, and the solutions being tried appear not to work. The
juvenile justice system has been addressing these issues for more
than a century, and yet the problem is growing worse rather than
better. In order to address this problem, we have to be more
clear about what causes it and then to address the root cause
rather than fighting violent young people after they have been
made violent. The family is the key, and addressing the real
problems faced by real families is the beginning of a solution.
Any large city in America is beset by instances of violence
every day, from domestic violence to crime in the streets. Upon
occasion there are more blatant and widespread instances of
violence, such as the L.A. riot in 1992. A major problem in the
city.."
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Juvenile Crime and Violence, 1999.
Analyzes causes, changing patterns in 1980s-1990s, the need for reform in the juvenile system, statistics, future, drugs, media, race, the role of parents and socioeconomics.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 12 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This research examines trends in and potential solutions to juvenile crime and violence. Trends in juvenile crime and violence are reviewed in the following section; a review that is followed by a discussion of some of the causes to which these trends are attributed; and then potential solutions to juvenile crime and violence are considered after the causes discussion
From the Paper
"TRENDS IN & POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS TO JUVENILE CRIME & VIOLENCE
Introduction
This research examines trends in and potential solutions to juvenile crime and violence. Trends in juvenile crime and violence are reviewed in the following section; a review that is followed by a discussion of some of the causes to which these trends are attributed; and then potential solutions to juvenile crime and violence are considered after the causes discussion.
Review of Trends in Juvenile Crime & Violence
Criminal anti-social behavior on the part of youth in the United States in the 1990s is shockingly high and increasing in frequency (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1996). Persons under the age of 18 years old are responsible for approximately 32 percent of serious property crimes which are cleared by arrest ..."
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Juvenile Violence & Child Crime: A Sociological & Environmental Analysis, 2001.
This paper examines the rise in violence among America's youth using the Littleton, Colorado massacre as a case study.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The author looks at several sociological and environmental factors that can be associated with the rise in juvenile violence, whose roots can be traced back to the early 1980s. The author looks that the rise in the numbers of juvenile crimes, the sociological factors that specifically affect juvenile crime, and lastly, examines specific environmental factors that appear to be affecting juvenile crime. The paper looks at this rising trend, that began with changes that the country underwent at the turn of the twentieth century, and the adverse affects they had on the family structure.
From the Paper
"In his popular 1997 book entitled "Kid's Stuff: Toys and the Changing World of American Childhood," author Gary Cross states that, over the course of the twentieth century, American parents "increasingly lost control over and even understanding of the play of their children" (p. 149). The children's entertainment industry developed alongside an advancing technology, and basic toys and games became increasingly complicated and complex as well as increasingly foreign to parental understanding with each passing decade. By the time that the Electronic and Information Age had fully exploded in the 1990s, most parents had fallen so far behind the technological times that effective censorship of the films that their children viewed and the games that their children played had become, in effect, virtually impossible. In the face of a rapidly changing technology, many modern parents simply stopped trying to monitor their children's entertainment activities. With this decrease in parental notice and attention came an increase in violent and criminal content, an exchange that ultimately resulting in an electronic atmosphere and environment that graphically glorifies violence and worships the virtual gods of death and destruction."
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Youth Street Gangs: A Look Into African-American Male Membership, 2002.
An in-depth assessment of the causes of gang formation and underlying attraction of street gangs in order to determine priorities for intervention programs.
4,190 words (approx. 16.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at youth gangs: the scope of the problem, statistics, risk factors and prevention strategies. Much focus is placed upon young African-American males and the extent of their gang membership. The author believes that a combination of social opportunities, community organization, and organizational change can be most beneficial in addressing the problem of African-American male youth gangs.
From the Paper
"Estimates of the magnitude of youth gang problems in the United States had steadily increased over the last decades of the twentieth century. Once considered largely an urban phenomenon, gangs have increasingly emerged in smaller communities, presenting a challenge that severely strains local resources. Today's gangs are best characterized by their diversity in ethnic composition, geographical location, organization, and the nature and extent of members' involvement in delinquent or criminal activities. Hispanics have the highest percentage of youth gang membership in the US, however, adolescent African-American males represent a large proportion of the gangs, especially those established in the inner city. Causal risk factors must be explored in order to prioritize prevention and intervention programs to reduce youth gang activity among those communities most affected by adolescent black male gang activity."
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Los Angeles, Poverty and Street Gangs, 2006.
This paper compares the current situation in California to that of the 1930s as portrayed in Upton Sinclair's novel "Land of Orange Groves and Jails."
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the current conditions in L.A. regarding poverty and violence to that of the 1930s. The writer of this paper reviews and discusses author Upton Sinclair's perception of 1930s L.A. in his novel "Land of Orange Groves and Jails." This paper explores the strong lure of street gangs on L.A.'s youth as well as the high cost of living and lack of affordable housing for the working class citizen. This paper also gives a brief biography of Upton Sinclair's political aspirations.
From the Paper
"The Mayor has endorsed the LA's BEST program, Better Educated Students for Tomorrow. The program is designed to give students ages 5 to 12 a place to hang out during the critical hours after school. The program costs parents nothing and insures that children will not get mixed up in the gang network. In a press release dated Feb. 23, 2006 the Mayor reported that the program has decreased the dropout rate by 20 percent. This is a statistic based on 6000 kids that were in the program for three years and 6000 kids that were not in the program."
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The Development of the Street Gang, 2005.
This paper critically evaluates the Chicago school theory about the development of street gangs.
2,525 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Chicago school theory, a legacy in the field of criminology, hypothesized in the 1920s and 1930s, states that where social institutions, norms and values are no longer functioning, high rates of violence, drug abuse, poverty and disease occur. The author points out pitfalls in this theory such as (1) gangs do not only exist in communities with few personal binds between residents and, even within ghettos, there are dependable residency patterns and strong community member ties and (2) the theory is based on spherical reasoning that is, social disorganization is the reason of criminal behavior, and crime is an indicator of social disorganization. The paper relates that the Chicago School theory fails to grasp that the contemporary street gang is planned as a business usually a drug-dealing business; therefore, this theory can no longer be used to understand these gangs.
From the Paper
"A number of the initial work in the crime appeared from the University of Chicago in the 1920's. The job done at this school recognized long traditions of theories to help explain why crime occurs, and what to do regarding it. It incorporated the work of Robert Park, Ernest Burgess, Frederick Thrasher, and in later years the Chicago School theory of Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay. The crime deterrence plans appeared from this work, such as the Chicago Area Projects which ran for over half a century, were based on a simple notion: the finest unit of analysis to study crime was the neighborhood and the interrelationships of diverse groups within the neighborhood, such as the street gang. The ecology of crime approach used the neighborhood as the level of analysis, and it conceptualizes the neighborhood as a communal ecosystem."
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Street Gangs, 1999.
Sociological & psychological analysis of evolution of gangs, examined in terms of members' motivations, behavior, attitudinal change and female members.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Street Gangs
Brief Overview of Gang Activity
Youth gangs today are in all 50 states as well as in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and U.S. territories (Spergel, 1995, p. 203). In the early 1990s, a study by Curry surveyed 79 of the largest U.S. cities with populations over 200,000 and found that more than 90 percent had a gang problem (Curry et. Al., 1992, p. 22). Gangs also exist in smaller cities, suburban communities, small towns, and rural areas that have no recognized history of gang problems (Spergel, 1995, p. 203). However, gangs in these areas usually do not exhibit the same degree of organization, violence, and criminality as in the larger cities.
Street gangs have been in America since early in the nineteenth century. They began as normal play groups or street-corner clubs for young people.."
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Street Gangs, 1991.
An examination from a social psychology perspective including initiation, group function, effects on neighborhoods and families and gang members.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 12 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Street Gangs: A Social Psychology Perspective
This research examines contemporary street gangs in the United States from a perspective of social psychology. Addressed specifically in this research are initiation, group functioning, and psychological effects of gang participation.
Initiation
It is all too easy and simple minded to state that contemporary street gangs coalesced around the illegal drug trade. Masters (1988) contends that the energy of the young has always been channeled into groups, and that contemporary gang activity is just an extension of that process.
Contemporary street gangs, however, represent far more than just an outlet for the energy of the young. More than anything else, these gangs provide a place to belong for groups of young..."
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Street Gangs, 2002.
Examines the need for poor minorities in urban areas to identify with their peers.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 11 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the importance of the peer group for urban poor minorities, as well as socio-economic status, race and culture, in relation to gang affiliation.
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Street Gang Behavior, 1989.
Discusses socioeconomic & cultural causes of gang violence, crime, drug abuse & dealing, honor code, rejection of mainstream values and innovative adaptive behaviors.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"Offering a "substitute for what society fails to give," (Thrasher, 1927, p. 33) the urban gang attracts youth through the promise of alternatives and opportunity not found elsewhere. Once the gang is created, its behavior--activities and attitudes--generally reflect the failures and absence of opportunity found in the social and economic structures of American society. Alienation and restriction of gang members (and the entire communities in which they develop) from participation and success in middle-class society forces a search for alternative,
innovative means with which a sense of dignity, purpose, and accomplishment can be experienced. The gang behaves in many varied ways, from (...)"
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Gangs, Drugs and Violence, 2007.
An analysis of the association between gangs, drugs and violence in the United States.
1,533 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the relationship between gangs, drugs and violence in the United States. It describes the history of gangs in the US and the history of their association with drugs and violence. The paper then analyzes the reasons behind this association and how it is affecting society in the US. The paper concludes that gangs are growing organizations in the United States.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Gangs in the United States
Gangs and Violence
Gangs and Drugs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The research indicates that gangs are growing organizations in the United States. Currently there is no the country that is not affected by gangs, and it is the school systems that are the targeted home of many gang groups. Gangs elect to focus on schools because of the large youth population that is attracted to drugs and that contains new members for their organizations. The attraction to drugs is significant for gangs because drug activity is the primary source of income for American gangs, which also leads to the violent acts that gang members commit. These violent acts occur because of the gang's desire to protect their "turf" in most cases. When a gang member believes that other rival gangs may be selling or producing drugs in their own area, gang members retaliate with "drive-bys" or other acts of violence. Additionally, the violent acts mat occur because of the gang's desire to collect money that will either support their operation, or buy drugs that the gang members will use themselves. In the modern era gangs are becoming more organized in their drug related activities, producing and importing many of the drugs that they sell on the street. As their businesses grow, so does the violence that is believed to be required to protect their organizations."
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