| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "SRI LANKAN ETHNIC ISSUES": |
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Sri Lankan Ethnic Issues, 1993.
Political, economic, historical & social problems caused by ethnic, religious and class divisions.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Sri Lanka is in the throes of a struggle to save democracy. Growing warfare between the government and Tamil separatists threatens to engulf the entire nation. This research examines how the ethnic divisions in Sri Lanka have affected Sri Lanka politics and society.
Sri Lanka gained its independence in 1948 with hope for a bright future. Its economic and social conditions were quite conducive to the creation of a prosperous nation. Tea, rubber and coconuts-the country's main exports-were valuable commodities on the global market. The international community saw Sri Lanka as a good investment. The new government of Ceylon (as it was called then) was awarded about $350 million in foreign exchange reserves. The quality of life was far better than most other developing nations, with a life expectancy about double that of.."
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Sri Lankan Medicine, 2000.
A descriptive analysis of traditional Sri Lankan healing techniques.
1,632 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay explores the methods employed in traditional Sri Lankan ayurvedic medicine, including natural plant remedies and ritualistic behaviour. A comparison between the benefits of these traditional techniques and modern western medicine is drawn, concluding that much reliance can still be placed on ayurveda and ritual healing.
From the Paper
"Sri Lanka is a unique nation in that the gap between old and new is being closed. This gap-bridging is especially evident with regards to health and medical procedures. For centuries, the inhabitants of Sri Lanka have placed their faith in ayurvedic medicine such as homeopathy, home remedies using various plants and minerals, and numerous ritualistic practices. However, in recent years the tiny island-nation has seen the adoption of more modern Western techniques. This does not mean that people are abandoning traditional beliefs. In many instances, individuals will only turn to Western medicine if all other means fail. Particularly in rural areas, it is clear that "Western medicine is kept separate" (Baker 1998:65) in people's minds. The combination of these different practices has led to an interesting and well-rounded health system."
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Sri Lanka's Civil War and IR Theory, 2005.
A look at different theories why the Sri Lankan civil war is not being resolved.
2,913 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
The author analyzes the reason why some conflicts do not receive a response, despite an urgent need for such a response. More precisely, through the use of both liberalism and realism, the Sri Lankan conflict is analyzed, with the goal being to understand why, despite almost fifty years of obvious oppression, civil war, and apartheid by the Sri Lankan government against the Tamil, there has been no international response.
Outline
The Civil War
The Conflict from the Liberalist Perspective
The Conflict from the Realist Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Within the greater field of political science, international relations comes out as one of the more interesting areas of study. International relations is fascinating both to observe and two analyze for a number of reasons. First of all, although we often see international relations as referring only to the relationship between nations and different world governments and, hence, think of it as something which is remote from us, as individuals and citizens, it has a profound impact upon our lives. For example, the Syrian government's isolation from the non-Arab international community and the recent threats expressed by the United States regarding the consequences of refusing to withdraw from Lebanon, affect the lives of the average Syrian citizens. It affects them economically since trade and economic sanctions reduce investment and employment opportunities in the Syrian economy and affect their educational and even leisure opportunities as political sanctions make traveling all the more difficult for these citizens because they confront stricter visa requirements. The purpose of this particular example is to show that even though international relations appear remote, it is not. International relations is a part of our lives."
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The Stupa and Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka, 2008.
An analysis of the ongoing significance of stupas in everyday popular Sri Lankan Buddhism.
2,318 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Sri Lanka as a foremost country of Theravada Buddhism with several very important and many more local stupas found in most parts of an officially Buddhist country. It specifically discusses the ongoing importance of stupas in everyday popular Sri Lankan Buddhism and describes the more colloquial meaning and popularity of stupas of different descriptions.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Stupas as Architecture
Popular Buddhism and the Stupa
Symbolism and Stupas
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"One sees that the stupa has terrific and varied significance in Sri Lanka's Theravada Buddhism whether in formal observances as can involve festival times or traveling to very important sites or what occurs locally involving what may be a very small district stupa, perhaps situated near a temple or upon a hill. In the upcountry areas of Sri Lanka, stupas may dot hillsides and with each, however small, having particular importance to someone or to residents of a particular village, rather like the roadside crucifixes or other religious statues one expects to see in Roman Catholic countries and implying the same sense of daily awareness and frequent related observance. There is the same contrast too between Christians viewing art as merely representing a saint or the divine, as opposed to persons who can actively worship an image or attach special powers to it. The smallest of white stupas can remind the Buddhist of how he or she is to live, develop the self, of the example of the Buddha's mind, the helpfulness of veneration. Preparing this paper has been a good exercise in seeing the different levels on which Asian religious phenomena need to be assessed, the understanding of an educated monk in Sri Lanka or a Buddhist historian of antiquities obviously rather different from the homespun understanding of a person who may be a very devout Buddhist citizen. In this sense the stupa offers different kinds of symbolism that can unite diverse members of a philosophical tradition."
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?The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America?, 2002.
An analysis of the book ?The Ethnic Myth: Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America? by American sociologist, Steven Steinberg.
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Steven Steinberg's book and shows how the book explores the vexing problem of why certain ethnic groups ?succeed? in America, that is, that members of certain groups tend to realize the American dream of economic and social mobility, and other ethnic groups do not.
From the Paper
"The myths of Black inferiority forced him into a necessary pattern of perpetual resistance to the cultural norms he was immersed in. This necessity for constant resistance to overt racism is one of the reasons, according to Steinberg, African-Americans have had such difficulty in assimilating into the American narrative of success. However, Douglass is also intent in showing, despite the myths of inferiority, his essential humanity and striving for enlightenment also shone forth in the depths of despondency and oppression. ?Though conscious of the difficulty of learning without a teacher, I set out with high hope, and a fixed purpose, at whatever cost of trouble, to learn how to read,? Douglass says. (1896)"
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Sri Lanka, 2003.
Discusses the rise and fall of leadership groups.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 111.95
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Abstract
Examines Sri Lankan political parties after independence, including the United National Party (UNP) and the Sri Lankan Freedom Party (SLFP). Discusses minority activism, the rise of smaller parties, and the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF).
From the Paper
"More than five decades of independence for Sri Lanka, formerly Ceylon, has witnessed the rise of a political system with basically stable political parties. Before..."
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The Tamil in Sri Lanka, 2003.
Examines the political and civil rights of the Tamil ethnic minority in Sri Lanka.
4,336 words (approx. 17.3 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 114.95
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Abstract
The paper begins by presenting an overview of the U.N. Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. It then examines the background of the conflict between the Tamil ethnic minority and the government of Sri Lanka. The paper looks at the different points of view on this conflict and the consequences of these differing opinions. The paper then looks at rape as a form of torture used by government officials against Tamil women.
From the Paper
"The government encourages its soldiers to use rape as a weapon against the Tamil, because it is aware that this is a very powerful weapon of war. As a proof of the fact that rape is used and encouraged as a weapon against the resistance, the Tamil women are raped in the most inhumane ways possible, with the head of the victim "covered with a polythene bag filled with chilli powder and petrol" or, in the case of one victim, after "pins were inserted under the nails of her fingers and toes" ("Rape in Custody"). Wendy McElroy, a former victim of rape and a scholar on the effects and even the uses of this special form of violence, explains these horrible practices by saying that "rape is a political matter" ("Rape in Custody"). By using this method of torture, the Sri Lankan is not really only fighting a war of weapons. but a war of psychology."
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Periodontal Disease and Low Birth Weight, 2007.
This paper discusses a research report on "Periodontal Disease and Prematurity among Non-smoking Sri Lankan Women" by P.S. Rajapakse, M. Nagarathne, K.B. Chandrasekra, and A.P. Dasanayake.
1,898 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the research in the article "Periodontal Disease and Prematurity among Non-smoking Sri Lankan Women". The writer discusses the hypothesis that periodontal disease has a role in causing preterm low birth weight deliveries among rural primi-gravida women who are free of tobacco, alcohol, and drug use. The writer notes that various factors have been associated with the delivery of preterm and low-birth weight infants and the role of infection is receiving increasing attention. The writer concludes that the data and statistics presented link periodontal disease as one of the contributing factors for preterm low birth weight deliveries. Further, the writer maintains that this study can educate mothers that even if they feel they are perfectly healthy and free from smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use, they are not guaranteed to have a term infant with normal weight.
From the Paper
"Periodontal disease is associated with a chronic Gram-negative infection of the periodontal tissues which results in long-term local elevation of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and cytokines and an increase in the systemic levels of some of these inflammatory mediators. Hence, periodontal disease has the potential to influence preterm low birth weight through an indirect mechanism involving inflammatory mediators or a direct bacterial assault on the amnion which is suggested in this study conducted in Matale, Sri Lanka. 227 subjects were studied, resulting in a cohort of 66 subjects with the exposure and 161 without the exposure. In this study, the authors observed a higher proportion of preterm low birth weight among subjects with higher pocket depths, plaque, and bleeding scores (the exposed group). This can be linked to a series of animal and clinical studies by Offenbacher and co-investigators that indicate an association between periodontal infection and adverse pregnancy outcome."
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Arranged Marriage in Sri Lanka and Japan, 2005.
This paper provides a cross-cultural analysis and looks at the issue of arranged marriages in Sri Lanka and Japan.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine, compare and contrast the arranged marriage practices in two specific cultures: a rural Sri Lankan village and metropolitan Japan. The subsequent discussion not only reveals some of the basic practices in arranged marriages in each culture, but also suggests conclusions about the basic commonalities in such practices and how development has had an effect on the practice.
From the Paper
"Of all of the anthropological concepts routinely studied in ethnographic analyses, marriage is probably one of the most ubiquitous. All human societies demonstrate some form of marriage even though anthropologists cannot necessarily agree upon how marriage should be defined in a universal fashion. Nonetheless, marriage is an important part of every human society because it helps dictate kinship organization and determines individual roles within the community. Understanding the ways in which cultures treat marriage can be extremely important in understanding the most basic operations of that culture."
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Human Rights in Sri Lanka, 2006.
An introduction to the country of Sri Lanka, including a brief history and a look at its political, social and ethnic environment.
3,100 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the social turbulence, political instability and human rights violations that are a part of life in the country of Sri Lanka. The paper presents a brief history of the country, some background information on human rights violations there and then takes a look at how minority grievances, claims and rights are central to the human rights situation in Sri Lanka. The paper proposes that though the Tigers are the minority, and have been oppressed in significant ways for many years, both sides in the ongoing conflict in Sri Lanka have committed - and continue to commit - egregious human rights violations; as long as this continues, so will the suffering and killing of all ethnicities.
Human Rights and Political Realities in Sri Lanka Today:
Facts and Background
What do the Tigers (LTTE) Say is their Main Issue?
What are the Main Minority / Ethnic Issues that History will Show
are Legitimate, Insofar as the Tigers (LTTE) Grievances are
Concerned?
Evidence that the Sinhalese Government Commits Human Rights
Violations
Evidence that the LTTE Commits Human Rights Violations
From the Paper
"The island nation of Sri Lanka is located in Southern Asia, in the Indian Ocean south of India. The island's size is 64,610 square miles (which about the size of West Virginia) and its coastline is 1,340 km. The population of Sri Lanka is approximately 19,905,165, of which 68.2% are between the ages of 15 and 64; only 7% are over 65 and 24.8% are fourteen years of age or less, according to CIA data. The main environmental problems facing the island's peoples include: heavy deforestation; soil erosion; wildlife species threatened by urban sprawl and poachers; pollution caused by mining activities, sewage and industrial wastes; coastal degradation and serious air pollution in Colombo."
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"Ethnicity: Racism, Class and Culture", 2002.
An understanding of the concepts of ethnicity through an examination of the book "Ethnicity: Racism, Class and Culture" by Steve Fenton.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the historical and conceptual understanding of ethnicity. It addresses culture, language, and religion as associated with ethnicity. It also looks at the effect of historical origins of the distinct way of thinking. The paper finds its primary information from the book, "Ethnicity: Racism, Class and Culture" by Steve Fenton.
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Ethnic War, 2005.
A consideration of the theories of ethnic war, focusing on John Mueller's suggestion that "ethnic war" is a misnomer.
4,368 words (approx. 17.5 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 115.95
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Abstract
Though theories of cultural hatreds or leader-driven mob politics are still broadly accepted, John Mueller and others have recently suggested that "ethnic wars" are not, in fact, cases of Hobbesian anarchy. Rather, they are caused by small numbers of ethnically ordered gangs fighting against a backdrop of cowed people who either participate in secondary ways, such as manning road blocks, for example, or simply "close the door and try not to hear." With this in mind, Mueller continues, the entire concept of broad-based "ethnic war" may be fundamentally misguided. This paper assesses the strengths and weaknesses of this new approach to "ethnic wars." It includes an explanation of the concept of ethnic war, a look at some other prominent theories, an analysis of what one might call the "armed thugs hypothesis" in context, and finally, a consideration of the implications for peacemaking, if indeed the world works in the manner that Mueller suggests. Although it is impossible to accept or dismiss any single theory wholesale, this paper at least compares competing ideas in attempt to find a hybrid explanation for the scourge of ethnic violence.
From the Paper
"Large-scale protests are another oft-cited example of public hysteria. Nationalist rallies played in the western press may have given the false impression of a mobilized Serb populace, shouting slogans in unison. In reality, these mobs were provided with transportation to protest sites and often paid with food and liquor. Even then, despite police intimidation and state control over the media, the opposition managed to stage large protests of their own in Belgrade. Crowd noise is an incomplete measure of public opinion."
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Ethnic Conflict and Economic Growth, 2004.
Discusses aid, policy, and growth in the aftermath of ethnic conflict.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
It is only recently that academics have begun to consider ethnic conflict as different from other kinds of political conflicts in terms of introducing the concept of ethnicity as a unique analytical lens through which to understand and deal with conflict. This paper investigates how growth in countries recovering from ethnic conflict is different, as opposed to other kinds of conflict, and in particular, how the policy-dependent absorptive capacity for aid is different for such countries.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Ethnicity and Conflict
Ethnicity and Development
Ethnicity and Foreign Aid
Empirical Tests
Discussion
From the Paper
"Esman and Herring (2003) identify three reasons for interaction between foreign aid allocation and ethnicity. First, aid has distributive consequences ? therefore the benefits of aid could be distributed unevenly across different ethnic communities. Second, aid is allocated within an intensely political context, and despite the involvement of large and influential NGOs, the role of the local government as an intermediary cannot be eliminated; as such aid allocation could be influenced by the ethnic bias of the government. Third, the conditionalities that come with aid are not necessarily sensitive to issues of ethnicity, and as such, could result in sub-optimal policies which exacerbate existing ethnic divides. (Esman and Herring, 2003)."
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The Study of Ethnicity, 2003.
An examination of the study of ethnicity in anthropological thought.
3,059 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper considers a variety of approaches to the study of ethnicity. In particular, it looks at the formalist approaches of Barth and the recent phenomenological drive towards self-conscious situational categorisation. It discusses how anthropological discussions of ethnicity in the first half of the 20th century were dominated by a conception of ethnicity as a culturally coherent bounded unit. It attempts to show that while this certainly established ethnic categories, it impeded the study of how such ethnic categories and ethnic identities are formed. It examines the usefulness of such analytic approaches to anthropology by emphasizing how the cultural differences within these units can be critical in the processes of identity formation.
From the Paper
"Barth?s (1969) radical change in approach was to emphasize what is socially effective. By doing so, he makes us see ethnic groups as a form of social organisation, and point four in the definition given above becomes most critical . In his approach, the features that he emphasises are only those that the actor marks out as distinctive. For him ?ethnic categories provide an organisational vessel that may be given varying amounts and forms of content in different socio-economic areas? (Barth: 1969: 15). In many sense, Barth anticipates the post-modernist unease at the application of ?our? labels to ?them?, Barth emphasised that ethnic identity was a matter of self-ascription and ascription by others, not ascription by the analyst."
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Ethnic Identity and Nationalism, 2004.
A review of Colin Kidd's book, "British Identities: Ethnicity and Nationhood in the Atlantic World,1600-1800", about the rise of nationalist and ethnic identities.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Colin Kidd's book about the pre-modern roots of nationalism and the formation of national and ethnic identities. The paper explains that Kidd's book, "British Identities: Ethnicity and Nationhood in the Atlantic World, 1600-1800", examines the central question about the place of ethnicity in the discourses of the era preceding the rise of nationalist identities.
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