| Papers [1-15] of 23 :: [Page 1 of 2] | | Go to page : 1 2 —> | Search results on "SODIUM BICARBONATE": |
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Sodium Bicarbonate, 2007.
A look at sodium bicarbonate, one of the most widely used chemicals in the household, in business and in medicine.
793 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper describes sodium bicarbonate as a non-hazardous substance found in a number of household and industrial applications. The paper outlines the health and safety issues and medical uses of this compound.
Outline:
Health and Safety Issues
Medical Uses
From the Paper
"Sodium bicarbonate is, in general, a non-hazardous substance found in a number of household and industrial applications. The formula for Sodium bicarbonate is NaHCO3. Its molecular weight is 81.01 (1). It is also known by the common names Sodium hydrogen carbonate; sodium acid carbonate; baking soda; and bicarbonate of soda (1). It appears as a white, solid crystalline form, but sometimes as a fine, white powder (1). It can be purchased from a number of scientific and general population sources."
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Teaching Patients about a Low-Sodium Diet, 2008.
A review of important information regarding sodium for patients who have high blood pressure.
739 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper presents information about how sodium in the diet can affect a person's blood pressure. The paper provides information that would be particularly useful to patients who suffer from high blood pressure and then discusses specific foods to be aware of and how to reduce sodium in a regular diet. It also looks briefly at the recommended daily allowance for sodium.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What Is a Low-Sodium Diet?
Steps to Reduce Sodium in the Diet
Recommended Daily Allowance for Low-Sodium Diet
Foods Low in Sodium
Potassium: A Good Salt Substitute
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As a comparison, using fresh rather than canned food can have a dramatic effect on sodium intake. Fresh tomatoes have only about 10mg of sodium apiece, whereas one half cup of canned tomatoes can have as much as 370 mg.
"It is also helpful to go through the sodium content of fast foods with the patient, in order to educate them on the high amount of salt that these restaurants put in their dishes. Anne Collins estimates that a chicken filet sandwich has nearly 1,000 mg. of sodium. Those on a low-salt diet would therefore use up their entire salt 'budget' on one item of food!"
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Sodium Pump, 2007.
This paper examines the activity and importance of sodium pumps to the body.
1,387 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the Na+-K+-ATPase (Sodium Pump)The Na+-K+-ATPase, or sodium pump is a highly-conserved integral membrane protein existing in almost all cells in higher organisms. The writer further explains that a human at rest contains cells that consist roughly of 25% cytoplasmic ATP which is hydrolyzed by sodium pumps. Approximately 70% of ATP is consumed to fuel sodium pumps in nerve cells. In the body, the autonomic nervous system heart cells are regulated through these receptors to modulate certain ion-kinetic structures to influence ion movement. The writer concludes that the sodium pump is involved in cell junction maintenance, thus ensuring that the heart cells stay connected with one another. The writer also notes that without this sodium pump, the body cannot function and the heart never develops.
From the Paper
"Description of the structure of this molecule is still uncertain, but information is available to define the amino acids involved in ATP and cation binding. The sodium pump, which is located within the outside membrane of the cell, grabs sodium and releases it on the other side of the membrane, repositioning itself to do so, then grabs potassium and releases it within the cell: Within the cell, ATP is bound to the empty pump, the N/A+ ions approach the pump, are bound to the pump until the pump is loaded with (3) Na+ ions, ATP is hydrolyzed, the pump phosphorylated, the pump reorients in the membrane and the Na+ ions start to fall off outside of the cell. As the Na+ ions are released, (2) K+ ions approach the pump, are bound and dephosporylation takes place. The ATP is bound to the pump, a conformational change takes place when the K+ is in the cell and they are delivered into the interior of the cell and the pump is ready to start again. Although it is difficult to explain the structure of this "pump," based on primary amino acid sequence, it probably possesses 8 or 10 transmembrane domains."
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Low Sodium and Hypertension, 2005.
An analysis of the effect of reduced sodium diet and exercise program on hypertension.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a research to analyze the effectiveness of a reduced sodium diet and exercise program compared to an exercise-only program in reducing blood pressure. The population to be studied is made up of adults of African descent who have hypertension. It looks at how the research design that would best address the research question is an experimental comparative design. Blacks and Caucasians are compared in the reduction of hypertension through a low-sodium diet, exercise, and any other important factors.
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Sodium, 2002.
A discussion of the properties of sodium.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses issues such as atomic mass, uses and properties of sodium.
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Sodium, 2002.
An explanation of the element Sodium.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the physical and chemical properties of the element sodium and describes its uses as well.
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Enzymatic Regulation of the Sodium-Potassium Pump, 2002.
An investigation of enzymatic regulation of the sodium potassium pump in isolated skin of the frog, Rana Catesbiana.
1,530 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
Electrochemical gradients are essential for biologic processes including but not limited to neuronal signaling, respiration, and osmoregulation. The Sodium-Potassium (Na/K) pump is one of the most well characterized structures for actively establishing these gradients. The current generated by the Na/K pump can be calculated by measuring the current required from an external source to bring the gradient (Voltage difference) created by the pump to zero. An increase in temperature has shown to increase the current generated by the Na/K pump with a slope of 12.5A/Co and a Q10 value of 1.72. Arginine vasotocin (AVT) also known as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), acts to increase the activity of the enzyme regulated pump. At a constant temperature, a 10-fold increase in current was measured across the AVT treated skin in comparison to the baseline AVT absent skin preparation.
From the Paper
"The plasma membranes of cells contain pumps that drive out sodium from the cell and incorporate potassium into the cell. Physiologically, the blood plasma has a higher sodium concentration than the cytoplasm and conversely the cytoplasm has a highly potassium concentration than the plasma. Under these conditions, the Na/K pump is acting against a concentration gradient is therefore an active ATPase dependent process. Since the pump is under enzymatic regulation, we expect its activity to be governed by typical enzyme kinetics responding directly to changes in temperature and agents (such as hormones) that manipulate enzyme activity. It is also important to note that the Na/K pump pumps a net 3 Na+ ions out of the cell for every 2 K+ in. This creates a resting voltage potential across the membrane (1). The resistance of the channel allows for the net current across the pump to be measured indirectly by introducing an external voltage equal and opposite of the resting membrane potential created by the Na/K pump. Using the Ussing technique, a voltage clamp and Ohm?s law, we can derive the current generated by the Na/K pump under various conditions (2)."
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Low Sodium and Hypertension, 2005.
Links high salt intake to high blood pressure.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 3 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
Research demonstrates that sodium produces a significant effect on blood pressure, and that reducing sodium intake results in a reduction of systolic blood pressure. The paper discusses how sodium is one of a number of risk factors for hypertension and how reducing sodium has been found to substantially reduce high blood pressure.
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Buffer Systems, 2005.
A description of a chemistry experiment exploring the carbonate bicarbonate buffer system.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a chemistry experiment exploring the carbonate/bicarbonate buffer system. The paper explains how the testing of the buffer was conducted and discusses the reaction of the individual ingredients, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, to the addition of acid or base. The paper also explores the reaction of the combined solution to acid and base.
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Church and Dwight Co., Inc., 2002.
A financial analysis of a public company, Church and Dwight Co., Inc.
3,855 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a basic financial analysis and evaluation of Church & Dwight Co., founded in 1846, the world's largest producer of sodium bicarbonate, also known as Baking Soda. It includes an industry and peer comparison in order to provide an objective conclusion and financial outlook based on the availability of historical and current public data.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Company Overview
Industry Competition
Industry Profile
Auditors Report
Recent News
Shareholder Analysis
Financial Evaluation
Solvency Analysis
Working Capital and Current Ratio
Accounts Receivable and Inventory Turnover
Debt Ratios
Ratio of Fixed Assets to Long Term Liabilities
Ratio of Liabilities to Stockholder?s Equity
Profitability Analysis
Revenue Growth
Earnings per Share
Price/Earnings Ratio
Dividend Payouts
Return Ratios
Summary Analysis
References
Appendix A ? Ventureline Report
Appendix B ? First Call Earnings
Appendix C ? Calculations
From the Paper
"An analysis of accounts receivable and inventory turnover is a valuable tool in detailing the solvency of a company. The accounts receivable turnover can be a critical indicator of cash flows and the amount of uncollected accounts. The ratio is computed by dividing net sales on account by the average net accounts receivable. The inventory turnover can be an indicator of how efficient a company may be managing inventory and is calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average inventory. OneSource Information Service provides this data for Church and Dwight as well as for the industry among other valuable data points in the following data as of October 11, 2002."
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The Fast Food Industry, 1992.
A look at sales, advertising, consumer habits, nutrition (calories, fat, sodium) and healthy choices.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"Just think about how great a nice juicy hamburger tastes. A bag of golden fries. A thick chocolate milk shake. Maybe a burrito. How about a quick slice of pizza? Or maybe some finger licking chicken from the colonel? No doubt about it, the choices for a fast food meal are endless. The question is, are the choices healthy? During the last decade there has been considerable debate over the nutritional benefits of the food we eat. More people than ever before are concerned about health factors. Once old ladies used to worry about their cholesterol and sodium level. Now its a topic discussed by health conscious yuppies, body builders, mothers with kids and aerobic addicts. One of the most sizzling controversial areas is with fast food. Can you eat a Big Mac without guilt? Does fast food always mean junk food? Do fast food restaurants have a corporate..."
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Salt and Hypertension, 2002.
Presents two opposing views on the relationship of salt/sodium to hypertension.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper presents three medical articles or books that uphold the traditional view that reducing dietary salt is necessary to reduce hypertension and three opposing views from the medical community, which claim that that salt doesn't cause high blood pressure, nor that elimination of dietary salt is the "cure" for hypertension.
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Zeolites, 2006.
An extensive study on zeolites and its functions.
1,181 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper offers an extensive research on zeolites which are silicate minerals composed of silicon, aluminum and sodium. It gives a technical definition of zeolites, its uses and properties. The author also discusses catalysts and their importance. In conclusion, it discusses specific modifications of zeolites.
Introduction
Zeolites as Catalysts
Importance of Catalysts
Zeolites as Ion-exchangers
Zeolites as Adsorbents
Uses of zeolites
Properties of Zeolites
Modification of Zeolites
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The unique channels and high surface area of zeolites provide these materials with a high adsorption capacity and shape-selective adsorption. Zeolites have been used to adsorb a variety of materials, which includes applications in drying, purification and separation. They can remove water to very low partial pressures and are very effective desiccants, with a capacity of up to more than 25% of their weight in water. They can also remove volatile organic chemicals from air streams, separate isomers and mixtures of gases."
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Buffer Systems in the Body, 2008.
An examination of how the buffer systems in the human body maintain normal pH.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the buffer systems in the human body. It specifically focuses on the role of the buffer systems in maintaining proper body pH. The paper explains the effect on the bodily systems if changes occur to shift the balance of acid-base systems to a range that is out of the norm. The paper looks at various cations and ions in the body and their function.
Table of Contents:
Changes in pH
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Chlorine
Hydrogen
Oxygen
From the Paper
"Buffers and buffer reactions are one of the most important reactions in the human body. The body has a limited tolerance for changes in pH. The ability to maintain proper pH can present as a primary cause of concern, or it can represent a secondary complication. The most common problem associated with pH shifts are heart arrythmias and pulmonary problems. The six chemicals discussed in this research are the most important ones for maintenance of proper pH. However, there are many others that play a minor role. Understanding how the body maintains homeostasis is one of the most important concepts that any medical professional can know."
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Homeostasis, 2008.
A detailed presentation of homeostasis, a dynamic process in the human body that balances fluids and electrolytes.
3,295 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that disorders of homeostasis, fluid, and electrolyte balance occur in every setting, with every disorder, and with a variety of changes that affect healthy people. The paper also describes body fluids and electrolytes and the process of regulation of body fluid through osmosis. In addition, the paper discusses issues of homeostasis in the kidneys, skin, lungs, and the gastrointestinal tract.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Body Fluids
Electrolytes
Regulation of Body Fluid Through Osmosis
Diffusion
Diffusion
Filtration
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Electrolyte Balance
Kidneys
Skin
Lungs
Gastrointestinal Tract
Laboratory Tests for Evaluating Fluid Status:
Osmolality
Osmolarity
Homeostatic Mechanisms
Kidney Functions
Heart and Blood Vessel Functions
Lung Functions
Pituitary Functions
Adrenal Functions
Parathyroid Functions
Baroreceptors
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Antidiuretic Hormone and Thirst
Osmoreceptors
From the Paper
"The hypothalamus manufactures ADH, which is stored in the posterior pituitary gland and released as needed. ADH is sometimes called the water-conserving hormone because it causes the body to retain water. Functions of ADH include maintaining the osmotic pressure of the cells by controlling the retention or excretion of water by the kidneys and by regulating blood volume.
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