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Socrates' Conception of Virtue, 2002.
A look at Socrates' conception of virtue: the relationship between pleasure and pain, good and evil and ignorance and knowledge.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay investigates the relationship between pleasure and pain, good and evil, and knowledge and ignorance in Socrates' conception of virtue. The essay begins with an overview of the life and times of Socrates, which had an impact on his philosophy. It moves next to briefly discussing the relationship between each of the following three subsections: pleasure and pain, good and evil and ignorance and knowledge. It concludes by discussing how these concepts figure in Socrates' conception of virtue.
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Socrates and the Concept of Justice, 2001.
This paper examines Socrates' philosophy and opinion on the concept of justice.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
Socrates' views are analyzed by studying a conversation between Socrates, Cephalus, his son Polemarchus and his followers. The author explains how Socrates enters into a philosophical dialogue with several different individuals who attempt to set down a firm definition of justice. Socrates then sets out to test and challenge their definitions?through his method of questioning and counter-examples?in an attempt to arrive at a more secure definition of justice, that which cannot be refuted.
From the Paper
"Cephalus first raises the idea of justice with Socrates and then passes the debate on to his son, Polemarchus, to carry forward. In line with his father?s arguments, Polemarchus develops the most basic definition of justice suggested in the Republic. He makes the claim that justice means simply to speak the truth and to give people their proper due; for example, old debts should be repaid. Justice also means treating people in accordance with their essential character. For example, Polemarchus concludes that if a certain individual is considered an enemy, that individual should meet with ?something harmful? (26); if another individual is considered a friend, that individual should be treated well."
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Socrates and the Virtues of Staying, 2005.
This paper examines Socrates and looks at his concept of justice and the soul.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses Socrates' decision to accept his sentence. The writer explains that basically the argument is based on Socrates concepts of justice and the soul. Further, the writer points out that Socrates essentially believed that one could not right an injustice with another injustice, as this is the same as saying that two wrongs do not make a right.
From the Paper
"Socrates was one of the most influential philosophers of all time. One of the most celebrated aspects of Socrates life was his trial and death. Socrates did not die a natural death he was executed for political crimes. In The Trial and Death of Socrates Socrates explains, that he is under indictment by one Meletus for corrupting the young and for not believing in the gods in whom the city believes. In essence Socrates was charged with teaching material that was perceived to be against the Athenian state."
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"Apologia of Socrates" by Socrates, 2002.
An examination of the trial and death of Socrates in "Apologia of Socrates" by Socrates.
1,545 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the beliefs of Socrates and how his aim in ?Apologia of Socrates? was to prove that death was better than a life without independent beliefs. Socrates article is written as a defense of his probable suicide and offers three points about the suicide. That he is innocent of the charges against him, that he would be going to a better place and finally that he is old and was going to die soon anyway. The Apology of Socrates is his defense at his trial, where he is found guilty. In conclusion, the writer discusses that whilst Socrates is sentenced to death, he has no fear of death.
From the Paper
"Socrates did not seem to fear death, as it was inching closer to him every day. He told his fellow Athenians that his forced suicide would come back to hunt them, because he had no doubt that one day people would recognize his wisdom and criticize the people of Athens for killing him. Socrates advised his prosecutors to juts let him die naturally, especially since he was innocent.
The Apology is Socrates' defense at his trial. Socrates is aware that his accusers have warned the jury against Socrates' eloquence. However, Socrates states that the difference between himself and his accusers is that he, unlike them, is speaking the truth."
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Socrates, 2005.
An analysis of Socrates' conception of the social contract.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper links the notions, put forward by Plato, of the relationship of the soul to human virtue and how these abstract notions bring Socrates to the conclusion that he must kill himself. The paper argues that Socrates' conception of the social contract is somewhat flawed: the fact that Athens is an unjust place is overlooked. Consequently, it argues that Socrates' duty to society is to live and fight injustice.
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Socrates and Majority Rule, 2002.
Examines how Socrates criticizes the concept of majority rule.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six-page undergraduate paper analyzes the position of Socrates regarding the concept of majority rule, examines how the concept of majority rule is used in modern political societies, and discusses whether Socrates' criticisms of majority rule make sense.
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The Philosophy of Socrates, 2001.
This paper critically examines Socrates' most well known concepts about happiness, freedom and God's will.
1,545 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 2 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
A critical analysis of the philosophies of Socrates. The author discusses Socrates' ideas and concepts about true happiness and pursuing God's will. It includes criticism and application to today's society.
From the Paper
"Socrates? philosophy has existed since before the birth of Jesus Christ. He recorded his thoughts concerning personal and political issues, giving his detailed and amazingly well thought out positions on each. He questioned everything around him, and discussed them with his friends and students, an exercise known as philosophizing. Socrates deemed that a truly happy man does not require material goods. He argued that it would be in one?s best interest to consult a wise person before making an important decision, and that we should each comply with God?s intentions above all others?. These arguments have been debated for centuries by many, and should be considered still, since they are important and relevant today, more than 2,000 years later."
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Teaching Virtue, 2007.
A discussion of several philosopher's teachings on virtue, including Socrates and Jesus.
1,577 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
By consulting the works of Socrates and other philosophers, this paper examines whether virtue is something that can be taught. This question is examined, in particular, through a discussion between Socrates and Menon. The paper cites various quotes and paraphrases concepts to further illustrate the concept of virtue. The paper also examines beliefs of other experts who think virtue, and the ability to differentiate between good and evil, can be learned within the structure of a family or school environment. The paper then considers virtue from a Christian perspective, citing the example of Jesus.
From the Paper
"He continues by stating that virtue entails many qualities that enhance lives for good, and can also influence other individual's lives and of those whom we come in contact with. Learned virtue can encompass many thoughts and ideas, including those such as patience, humility, courage, justice, charity, etc. Many experts agree with Socrates that virtue is a quality of both inherited and environmental atmosphere. "
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Socrates, 2002.
An analysis of philosopher Socrates' opinion that "knowledge is virtue".
1,170 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
A brief examination of Socrates' main philosophies and his commentry on the concept of knowledge. Compares Socrates' philosophy about virtue to that written in Plato's "Meno". With quotes and commentry from the text.
From the Paper
"Socrates is widely acknowledged as the world?s first philosopher, since he was the first to direct the attention of men from merely focusing on the study of nature to the study of human nature. Indeed, Socrates was the pioneer in moral philosophy for though the Sophists spoke of justice, law and temperance, they were still unable to define such values (The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Heartlight Web site)."
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Socrates and Meno, 2005.
A discussion on Socrates and Meno and the concept of virtue according to Plato's "Dialogues".
875 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, in Plato's "Dialogues", Socrates and Meno come to the truth of how virtue is acquired and what virtue actually is. It examines how the path to this truth is painful for the two and how they finish the dialogue perplexed on the question.
From the Paper
"Meno challenges Socrates with a paradox of knowledge until Socrates refutes it. Socrates tells Meno that he has failed to define virtue in the appropriate manner. "I begged you just how not to break up or fragment virtue, and I have examples of how you should answer. You paid no attention, but you tell me that virtue is to be able to secure good things with justice, and this, you say, is a part of virtue." Socrates required the nature of virtue in his definition and Meno has failed to identify this. Meno is frustrated by this and accuses Socrates of being a bewitching and beguiling character, and Socrates explains to Meno that he is nothing of the sort."
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The Apology of Socrates, 2005.
An analysis of the Apology of Socrates and the qualities of wisdom and virtue.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six page paper examines the Apology of Socrates. The paper describes how, in the Apology, Socrates declared that he could not be harmed by his fellow Athenians if he possessed the qualities of virtue and wisdom. It then discusses the concept that one can be punished physically, but if he possesses those virtues, his soul cannot be harmed.
From the Paper
"Wisdom, Virtue, and the Good Life: An Analysis of Socrates In the Apology, the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates declared that he could not be harmed by his fellow Athenians if he possessed the qualities of virtue and wisdom. This statement reflected Socrates' belief that possessing virtue and wisdom protected him from any harm to his character and soul. His critics and enemies in Athens could punish him physically by sending him into exile or executing him, but they could not take away his virtue, his self-respect, or his soul, which are the most important things anyone possesses."
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The Trial of Socrates, 2005.
This paper argues that, in the trial of Socrates, Socrates was wrongfully condemned.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in his trial, Socrates was found guilty although he presented an adequate argument, but public bias wrongfully executed him. The author points out that Socrates was attempting to convey to the masses that he had followed the letter of the law on every occasion, even when it went against the decision of the Council: "I must obey the law and make my defense." The paper concludes that the Socratic Method is one of the most widespread and universal methods of deductively drawing a conclusion; thus, if Socrates corrupted the minds of the youth, then today the world is corrupted.
From the Paper
"Due to the unpopular exposure, Socrates had amassed during his quest for knowledge, the jury that heard his apology was bias; some, possibly having been ridiculed by Socrates during his search of philosophy. The people of Athens had come with the intention of convicting Socrates so that he would have been exiled. This could be seen in the dialogue between Crito and Socrates. Crito recommended to Socrates that he should flee in exile. If Socrates did so, none of the citizenry would pay any attention or care. However, Socrates being a man who had abided by the will of the State could not allow himself to flee and retain the status of a criminal. The point, which can be made from this example, is that the primary notion of the people of Athens was not for Socrates to be executed."
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"The Trial and Death of Socrates", 2006.
This paper explores Socrates' refusal to escape his death sentence in the tragedy "The Trial and Death of Socrates."
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 46.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author explores why Socrates refused to escape his death sentence in the tragedy "The Trial and Death of Socrates." Although Socrates had opportunities to flee the prison, the author argues that Socrates felt escape would have been acting unjustly. Socrates did not want to manipulate the jury with his dialogue or use any other means except his beliefs to defend himself. The author sees the final decision of the court to be unjust in many ways. However, the author feels Socrates' acceptance of the death sentence upheld his moral beliefs.
From the Paper
" To Socrates, for anyone to live well, their soul must be in the best possible state. To achieve this state one must not commit any unjust acts. Committing an unjust act corrupts a person and ultimately harms their soul. For Socrates, having a corrupted soul, prevents him from living the best possible life. While speaking to Crito, Socrates states that "life [is not] worth living for us with [the soul] corrupted" (47e). This statement meaning that a life is not worth living unless you live it well. This can mean doing or seeking what someone's purpose in life is. To Socrates this purpose, or how he lives well, is by pursuing what is true and just. Since he can not know what is just, he must always be seeking it. He also says that one can not properly pursue what is good and just if one's soul is unjust or corrupt. Therefore, for Socrates to live a fulfilling life, he must never do anything unjust act that would harm his soul and prevent him from seeking what is just and true. For this reason, fleeing is not an option because an unjust act like that would harm his soul."
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The Apology of Socrates, 2004.
Analysis of Plato's "Apology", regarding the prosecution of Socrates and a summary of Socrates trial.
1,478 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the trial and execution of Socrates from the perspective of Plato, the general moral and religious ideology of Greek society during that era, Greek fathers, and prominent Athenians. The paper also provides an overview of the arguments Socrates presented in his self-defense and his reasons for refusing to escape the death penalty.
From the Paper
"As one of the greatest and most influential of all the Greek philosophers, Socrates (469--399 B.C.E.) passionately believed that just behavior was better for human beings than injustice and that morality was justified because it created happiness and well-being. Essentially, Socrates seems to have argued that just behavior, or virtue, was identical to knowledge and that true knowledge of justice would inevitably lead people to choose good over evil and therefore to have truly happy lives, regardless of their material success. Since Socrates believed that knowledge itself was sufficient for happiness, he asserted that no one knowingly behaved unjustly and that behaving justly was always in the individual's best interest. Thus, as Socrates defined it, "moral knowledge was all one needed for the good life" (Stone 168)."
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Socrates, Kant and Morality, 2008.
A comparative analysis of the views of Socrates and Kant on morality.
1,982 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Socrates' and Kant's philosophies regarding morality and looks at how the fundamental difference in the definition between the two is that Kant's moral failure is an independent act to a moral right by virtue of the lack of impact of consequences while Socrates' main model of immorality is based on injustice resulting from the action. It discusses, therefore, how the dilemma of immorality in the former is an ethical one and immorality in the latter is presented as a social dilemma.
Outline:
Socrates
Socrates on Morality
Kant on Socrates
Socrates, Kant and Morality
From the Paper
"Kant's Moral philosophy is one of the main alternatives to utilitarianism which marginalizes moral humanistic virtues. Kant's view on morality is essentially deontological which implies a focus on the action to be done regardless of the consequences ("Kant: The Moral", 2001). This implies that if a person is doing something that is right, then even if the results of his actions create a negative outcome, then he still did the right thing. There is also a prescriptive quality to Kant's view: the assumption is that everyone should do what is right and that it should be universally right (Wood, 2004). Thus, for an action to be considered moral, it should be within the capacity of everyone and viewed as a correct action universally ("Kant's Moral Philosophy", 2007). Viewing Socrates' action through Kant's Moral Philosophy, there are arguments both to support the morality of Socrates actions."
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