| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "SOCIAL SECURITY HEALTH CARE": |
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Social Security and Health Care, 2004.
An examination of the issues of Social Security and health care coverage for the American population.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the problems of the current social insurance system with regards to providing comprehensive health care for all Americans. It examines the need to incorporate health care not just for retired persons, but also for poor families whose needs may be as great. It then evaluates various solutions and restructuring plans being proposed to ?save? Social Security.
From the Paper
"In the United States, Social Security, along with private pensions and personal savings, form the traditional "three legged stool" of economic security for elderly and retired Americans. Already, many problems are emerging both the inadequacies of this system to provide for a person?s needs. Similarly, there are also problems regarding the infusion of and generating funds for Social Security."
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Bush v. Kerry on Health Care and Social Security, 2004.
This paper discusses the presidential candidates' views on health care and social security.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses the differences in the views of the presidential candidates in light of the elections in 2004. The writer of this article studies and compares the plans of George Bush and John Kerry with regards to health care and social security in the United States.
From the Paper
"In this presidential election year 2004, it appears that the candidates President George Bush and Senator John Kerry disagree on just about everything and how to go about doing it. While the issues of health care and a waning social security system have received attention in presidential elections past with today's ever-aging Baby Boomer population soon to be reaching retirement age and comprising a large percentage of voter turnout, they are two issues that are becoming increasingly more important and ... "
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Health Care Managers and Health Care Delivery, 2004.
Examines the relationship that exists between health care players, how they perform their duties, and how they join their forces in health care delivery.
2,367 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and provides information on the roles and responsibilities that health care managers are tasked to accomplish in today?s health care systems. Moreover, this paper examines how a health care manager's job as a leader who ensures a smooth and organized management and operation of health organizations, influences his/her perspective on health care professions. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding how health care managers perceive their duties in health care service.
From the Paper
"The basic role every manager must be able to render is the task of providing good human relations to everyone at work. Through this role, the objective of accomplishing jobs in an environment where good work relationship is maintained can be made possible. In the field of health care, healthcare managers must have the ability to perform this basic responsibility. A healthcare manager should be a specialist in managing the condition of the healthcare staffs. Though this duty may be perceived as a simple task, it is critical that a good human resource management be delivered to a health organization to ease the stress and pressure that health care providers, such as the doctors and nurses, experience from their duties."
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Health Care and Managed Health Care: The Need for Sweeping Reforms, 2002.
A look at role of primary care nurse practitioners in relation to health care reforms.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the role of primary care nurse practitioners in respect to health care and health care reform. The failure of primary healthcare is critically assessed, in the respect that health care is currently "managed" by independent "for- profit" organizations, where there is an emphasis on financial success rather than patient welfare. This paper also places a strong emphasis on the role of nurse care practitioners in the state of Florida and in community health care clinics.
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Impediments to Health Care Access for Low Income Visible Minorities, 2002.
Identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access for lower-income Americans and visible minorities and the more affluent members of America's majority.
29,350 words (approx. 117.4 pages), 135 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
As the American population continues to become more diverse racially, members of visible minority groups within the population become more prominent. Simultaneously, with the increase in diversity, income distribution in the American economy has become more distorted. While economic growth in the United States has surged over the past decade, the income gap has widened; not only between the richest and poorest Americans, but also between moderate-income and low-income Americans. Members of visible minorities in the population tend to be represented disproportionately in the low-income and poverty classifications in the United States. While there is an abundance of implications of this state of affairs, one of the more crucial ones is access to health care. Individual and household financial capacity, the scarcity of employer-paid health insurance among small businesses, cultural differences based in social psychology and other factors frequently act as impediments to health care access for low-income individuals and households among visible minority population groups in the contemporary United States. This problem and these issues are investigated in this study. The study identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access between lower-income Americans and members of visible minorities in the United States, on the one hand, and more affluent Americans and members of the majority segment of the population, on the other hand. The initial chapter of this study delineates the problem investigated. Specific research questions are formulated and stated to provide greater focus for the investigation.
Social psychological theory and applied social psychology literature are reviewed in the second chapter. Literature relevant to the functioning of low-income and visible minority population groups in the United States within a social psychological context are reviewed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to a review of literature relevant to both the health care system in the United States and the experiences of low-income and visible minority population groups in relation to health care access and health care delivery in the United States. An assessment of the problem investigated, performed within the structure of the research questions, is presented in the final (fifth) chapter. Conclusions drawn from the study findings are stated and recommendations for further research are made. The summary conclusions reached through the conduct of this study relate both to health care access and health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities. With respect to health care access, the summary conclusion reached is that a universal system of health care entitlement is required in the United States. In relation to health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities, the summary conclusion reached is that extensive education is required for both low-income persons and members of visible minorities, on the one hand, and health care providers, on the other hand. Low-income persons and members of visible minorities require education on the benefits and function of health care services, while health care providers require education in the social mores of the diverse populations they must serve.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem Delineation
Background on the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Review of Relevant Social Psychology Theory and Literature
Introduction
Sociological Theory and Health Care
The Welfare State
Accessing Contemporary Health Care
Role of Ethics in Accessing Health Care
Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems
Chapter Conclusions
Social Functioning of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
HIV/AIDS Related Behavior
Initiatives to Improve Health Care
Access and Behaviors
The American Health Care System and the Experiences of Low-Income and Visible Minority Groups
Introduction
The American Health Care System
Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems
Care Quality
Alternative Approaches to Health Care
Bioethical Issues
Problems of Accessibility
Initiatives to Improve Minority Access
Chapter Conclusions
Assessment of the Problem Discussion, Recommendations for Further Research
Appendices
Annotated Bibliography
From the Paper
"Social Cognitive Theory [self-efficacy] emphasizes the role of expectancies, self-efficacy, peer normative influences, and social competency skills as key components affecting adolescents? behaviors (DiClemente, Lodico, Grinstead, Harper, Rickman, Evans, & Coates, 1996). The applicability of models based on social psychological principles for understanding African-Americans? decision-making and sexual behavior has been questioned because most such models tend to be individually-focused and do not take into account the social context in which the behavior is embedded (Cochran & Mays, 1993). Social cognitive theory, however, explicitly integrates behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors as reciprocally interactive. Thus, given the hypothesized multi-factorial nature of sexual decision making and the potential impact of the high-risk social environment of the study population, approaches based on social cognitive theory are thought to be particularly relevant for understanding the myriad factors that may affect African-Americans? sexual behavior."
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The Social Security System, 2005.
This paper discusses the elderly social security portion of the Social Security System (SSA) in the United States from 1985 to present.
4,435 words (approx. 17.7 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that the various programs administered by the Social Security Administration have played a vital role in helping the nation's economic well-being since their inception in 1935. The author points out that the fiscal problems being experienced by the Social Security Administration have become more serious because of a growing demand for benefits by a substantially larger proportion of Social Security recipients, who have paid taxes for this compensation, compared to the proportion of the economically active population. The paper stresses that these trends will be exacerbated as the existing "baby boomer" segment of the population begins retiring in the next few years. Many illustrations and tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Characteristics of Social Security Recipients - 1985 - Present (and Beyond)
Number of Recipients Who Receive Social Security as Their Primary (> 90 percent) Means of Income - 1985 to Present (and Beyond)
Distinct Characteristics of Recipients Who Receive Social Security as Primary Source of Income - 1985 - Present
Importance of Demographic Factors in Shaping Social Security Program Administration
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed a committee to provide recommendations on an old-age pension systems and in 1935, Congress passed the Social Security Act that provided old-age benefits to be financed by a payroll tax on employers and employees (employees of railroads were already covered separately under the Railroad Retirement Act of 1934). Since that time, the Social Security Act has been periodically amended, expanding the types of coverage, bringing increasing numbers of workers into the system, and adjusting both taxes and benefits in an attempt to maintain pace with inflation rates. Today, Social Security policy directly affects more than 96 percent of the U.S. work force and their employers every pay period and more than twice as many workers are covered by Social Security as the number of individuals in the United States who own shares in mutual funds."
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Social Security Reform, 2005.
This paper discusses the Bush Plan to reform social security and its opposition.
2,360 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Bush Plan states (1) "personal accounts" would be voluntary, (2) social security money would be invested in a "conservative mix of bond and stock funds" which would have the opportunity to earn a higher rate of return than what is being provided now and (3) this would supplement the worker's "traditional social security check". The author presents opponents of this plan including AARP (American Association of Retired Persons), the largest advocacy organization for senior citizens in America, which opposes creating accounts out of the contributions workers currently make into Social Security because such accounts actually worsen Social Security's long-term financial health, draining revenues out of Social Security at the very time boomers begin to retire. The paper concludes that it is important to remember that the Social Security trust fund is not a pile of cash but rather just a bookkeeping gimmick in which one part of the government promises money to another part of the government.
Table of Contents
What is the Bush Plan?
Why is President George Bush Pushing Hard for his Plan
Opposition
Facts about Social Security
Business Week Reporter Paul Craig Roberts
The Bush Campaign
The AARP (American Association of Retired Persons)
What are Some Proposed Solutions to the Social Security System?
The Conservative Publication the National Review
From the Paper
"The Democrats have countered with ads of their own, according to the Associated Press (Raum, 2005) on Sunday, March 13. The Democrats call Bush's proposal to privatize Social Security "a risky privatization scheme." The Democrats' Saturday radio broadcast on March 12 featured the grandson of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (James Roosevelt Jr.). He said: "In 1935, my grandfather signed the Social Security Act into law, ensuring that Americans retired with financial security." But "unfortunately," he continued, "President Bush and Washington Republicans" do not share the belief of "the guiding principle that America's workers deserve a secure retirement." Roosevelt and other Democrats complain that privatizing Social Security will punish workers "in times of long market downturns," because the investment Bush is talking about on the Wall Street market wouldn't deliver as high a return as it would in economic boom times, the AP story pointed out. The article also mentioned that the most recent AP poll shows the Bush Social Security reform proposals gaining only a 37% positive result from the public."
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Social Security in the United States, 2002.
Discusses the problems faced by Social Security in the United States as outlined in a book on America's Social Security and offers possible solutions to those problems.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses "Beyond the Basics: Social Security Reform". It shows how the book reveals the problems in American social security that demand to be addressed. The basic thread of the argument is the intention to ensure protection for the aging population of the United States. The paper also entails my own suggestion for what must be done in relation to Social Security.
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Social Security, 2002.
An overview of the American Social Security program and the challenges it faces.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Since its inception, the Social Security system has provided benefits to augment the income of people upon their retirement. However, current projections point to a crisis in Social Security. Experts believe that by 2038, the Social Security trust fund will have been depleted. This paper presents an overview of the current social security crisis and evaluates the plans to address this problem. The first part of the paper provides a history of the Social Security system, from its inception in 1935 to its current status under the federal government. The next part then studies how the Social Security system is funded. In the final part, the paper studies the problems facing many retirees who stand to be adversely affected by the Social Security deficit. It looks at the pitfalls of privatization and other methods now being used to address the problem, such as proposed tax credits, simplifying the tax process and key changes in retirement policy.
From the Paper
"A privatized pension allows employers to manage the plan's assets, while promising to credit the worker's pensions with a corresponding interest rate. However, employers have often changed this rate, reducing the value of their employees' pensions. For example, when companies like IBM, AT&T and Citibank switched from traditional pensions to cash balance plan, the pensions paid to longtime employees were significantly reduced. Because of the potential for abuse, conversions to cash-balance plans were banned in 1999. The Bush plan for privatization, however, would allow employers to return to such practices, under the guise of augmenting the Social Security trust fund (Leone)."
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The Social Security Debate, 2005.
An analysis of arguments for and against Social Security privatization.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how the current Social Security debate is centered on the ability of the current system to continue to provide Social Security benefits to the next generation of elderly and how many argue that Social Security, as it exists today, will become unable to provide benefits to the next generation of working people. It examines the arguments made by social scientists in favor of incorporating private accounts to the Social Security program in order to determine whether privatization is a valid alternative to the present Social Security program.
Outline
Introduction
Social Security and the Privatization Plan
The Present Debate
The Privatization Plan
From the Paper
"From the very inception of Social Security there has been a debate over its ability to sustain itself, and even it?s constitutionality. In 1937, the Supreme Court heard Helvering v. Davis, a case in which a man sued his employer for their compliance with the Social Security Act. He argued that under the "reserve clause" of the Constitution (the 10th Amendment) powers not specifically granted to the federal government are reserved for the States or the people. When the federal government seeks to expand its influence in new areas it must find some basis in the Constitution to justify its action. Obviously, the Constitution did not specifically mention the operation of a social insurance system as a power granted to the federal government."
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Social Security, 2007.
An argument that the federal government should not modify the social security system and should continue to administer social security benefits.
1,830 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how every country has certain forms through which the government meets its obligation towards the weaker segments of its society. The paper proposes that in United States, the support is through social security benefits. The writer further proposes that as the society progresses, the benefits for these sections also progress, but when they are removed, it is an indication that the society is unwilling to take up its responsibility.
Outline:
Introduction
Thesis Statement
Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"It is clear that this is an identity card and distinguishes citizens from others. The cards are issued to children born in the country and this is what gives them the right of residence in the country. If the system is modified then how shall one distinguish citizens from others? The question is very important now since we are talking about the country being a target of terrorists and other foreigners with bad intent. Any change will involve changes in all cards that have been issued and changes are not such an easy task."
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Health Care Access for Low-Income Minorities, 2002.
This paper is a qualitative thesis, which assesses the impediments to health care access for low-income visible minorities in the United States.
30,578 words (approx. 122.3 pages), 135 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper, based in sociological and social psychology concepts, identifies the causal factors for the gap between lower-income Americans and members of visible minorities in the United States and more affluent Americans and members of the majority segment of the population with respect to health care access. The author concludes, after an extensive review of the literature, that a universal system of health care entitlement is required in the United States. The author suggests that an extensive education is required for low-income persons and members of visible minorities to know the benefits and function of health care services, and health care providers require education in the social mores of the diverse populations they must serve.
Table of Contents
Problem Delineation
Background on the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Review of Relevant Social Psychology Theory and Literature
Introduction
Sociological Theory and Health Care
The Welfare State
Accessing Contemporary Health Care
Role of Ethics in Accessing Health Care
Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems
Chapter Conclusions
Social Functioning of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
HIV/AIDS Related Behavior
Initiatives to Improve Health Care Access and Behaviors
The American Health Care System and The Health Care Experiences of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
The American Health Care System
Delivery of Health Care to the Poor
Care Quality
Alternative Approaches to Delivery
Bioethical Issues
Problems of Accessibility
Initiatives to Improve Access
Chapter Conclusions
Assessment of the Problem
Discussion
Recommendations for Further Research
Annotated Bibliography
From the Paper
"One of the major impediments to the attainment of universal access to healthcare in the United States is the functioning of for-profit Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and managed care organizations (MCOs). These organizations are investor-owned organizations that are in business to make a profit on healthcare delivery. Non-for-profit healthcare organizations also must earn a profit on their operations in order to be able to compensate and train staff, acquire new technology, and generally improve the quality of their services. Unlike investor-owned healthcare companies, however, non-for-profit organizations are not driven by share prices and the bottom-line mentality of for-profit companies. Thus, patient-centered care in not-for-profit healthcare organizations may be contrasted with the investor orientation of the for-profit healthcare companies. Recent decisions by for-profit healthcare companies to drop their Medicare healthcare groups because of substandard profit growth illustrates as no amount of rhetoric can the precedent of investor concerns over patient concerns in the for-profit healthcare companies."
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Global Health Care, 2004.
This paper reviews six global health care journal articles, each one specific to an individual topic about variations and trends in health care around the world.
6,500 words (approx. 26.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 149.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that after a country attains a certain economic level, the degree to which an individual receives good health care is determined by other factors, including poverty, which is present even in the wealthiest societies. The author points out that Canada?s health care is superior to that in the United States, offers more flexibility, and should be used as a model for the United States. The paper relates that the U.S. and other countries are facing challenges to funding national health care; however, in other countries, these challenges are often met through incentives and additional taxation, which is largely opposed in the United States.
Table of Contents
Broad Topic - Variations and Trends in Health and Disease around the World
Topic - Canada?s Health Care and How it Differs from the U.S.
Topic - Dynamics of Different Health Care Systems
Topic - Functioning of Different Health Care Systems
Topic - Global Impact of Various Health Care Systems
Topic - China Health Care and Its Global Impact
From the Paper
"More specifically Martens attempts to define global and regional dynamics that might influence health and disease trends. He concludes that managing health variations and transition effectively in the future will require ?a micro and macro approach? that takes into consideration the social, cultural and behavioural determinants of health. In his work Martens claims that socio-economic change and public health initiatives as well as technology have contributed to a shift in health and disease toward the positive. To support this premise he points out that the average life expectancy is doubled across the globe and infant and mortality rates have sharply declined."
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Managed Health Care Systems, 2004.
Presents a new model of model of managed health care in the U.S. using a systems approach.
7,200 words (approx. 28.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 160.95
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Abstract
Health care in the United States has a long history; from the traveling physician who provided services in private homes and charity organizations, to government programs such as Medicare and Medicaid that proceeded hospital construction, and the relatively recent trend of managed health care. Along the way, innovation and competition facilitated new health care technologies and services that offered numerous approaches to prevention, treatment, and management of diseases. In a bold new health care policy, integration and collaboration between the public and private sectors of health care is not only an option, but a necessity in providing the most efficient and sound health care services and options. This paper examines health care in the U.S. from a historical and current perspective and concludes by introducing a new model of managed health care utilizing a systems approach.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Historical Examination of Health Care
Public Sector Health Care in the USA
Private Sector Health Care in the USA
Types of Managed Care Organizations
HMO Models
The Merging of Public and Private Health Care Models
A New Universal Managed Health Care Model
Conclusions
References
Appendices
From the Paper
"The managed health care industry did slow the growth in health care spending. Moreover, by extending coverage to services provided in an outpatient setting, it reversed the artificial preference for in-patient care that was created by indemnity insurance benefit designs. By focusing on clinical variability in physician practices, the shift to managed care forced the elimination of some unnecessary care. It also provided a stabilizing force to professional fees and institutional charges."
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Health Care Privatization.
This paper argues in favor of health care privatization as opposed to health care nationalization.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, unlike national health care, a government-operated, tax-funded system, the type of system, which is currently operated in Canada, Europe, Australia, New Zealand and other countries,the majority of health care funding in the U.S. comes from the private sector. The author points out that advocates of national health care ague it would reduce costs by eliminating unnecessary, duplicative paperwork, adopting mechanisms to stretch health care dollars, such as bulk purchasing of medications, and implementing measures to control future health care costs, such as negotiating fair fees with doctors and budgets with hospitals. But some economists put the cost of national health care reform at $339 billion per year in additional taxes. The paper concludes that the only people who are really better off are the uninsured, with everyone else footing their bill and sacrificing their own health care, which isn't a good option for most working Americans because national health care expands coverage to all by raising taxes, rationing services, and limiting modern medicine.
From the Paper
"Those in favor of national health care also believe that our health care is inadequate compared to other countries with national health care. The U.S. spends more per person on health care than any other country in the world, but the World Health Organization ranked the U.S. 37th in the overall quality of health care that it provides. We are the only industrialized country that lacks universal health care. More than forty-two million Americans have no health insurance, with access distributed unequally among rich and poor and among the races."
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