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Social Costs of the AIDS Epidemic, 1991.
This paper asserts that discrimination against the primarily affected groups (gays, blacks, drug users) has had adverse impacts on the medical, social and psychological treatments of AIDS.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 17 sources, $ 119.95
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From the Paper
"The social costs of the AIDS epidemic are considerable and cannot be calculated fully. They include not only the direct cost in lives but tensions in the social fabric brought about by the existence of a disease that is not only fatal but that is associated with certain social and sexual taboos which remain in force and which have contributed to the discrimination that has followed the spread of the disease. The question to be considered is the degree to which this discrimination has infiltrated the different aspects of the AIDS epidemic--medical, social, and psychological.
Ten years ago, few people had any idea that this health problem even existed. Today, public concern is high, with behavioral changes urged and undertaken, medical costs increasing, ... "
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Combatting the AIDS Epidemic, 2005.
A look at the AIDS epidemic in the U.S. and around the world and a discussion about whether enough is being done to fight the disease.
1,291 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the health problem the AIDS epidemic poses to the U.S. and to the world and provides statistics regarding the number of deaths caused by AIDS, the number of people infected by AIDS or HIV and the segment of the population that is most affected. The paper further describes measures that must be taken in order to combat the AIDS epidemic and explains that not enough is being done to stop the virus.
From the Paper
"Two hundred and twelve new cases of AIDS are diagnosed every day in the USA, where someone dies from AIDS every ten minutes. By the end of 1990 more than 100,000 people had already died from AIDS in the US alone. In 1991 more young Americans will die from AIDS than perished in the entire Vietnam War. Indeed, AIDS is now the leading cause of death for all American men aged between 25 and 44, and all American women aged between 15 and 33. In February 1990 the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) reported a cumulative total of 11,189 women with AIDS in the United States, 52 per cent of whom were originally infected through needle-sharing, and a further 19 per cent through unprotected sex with male injecting drug users. "Experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control believe that every U.S. company will have at least one employee with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) at some point" (Fontenot, 1992). Indeed, 28 per cent of all people with AIDS in America have been infected through needle-sharing, and it is currently estimated that 70 per cent of injecting drug users in some areas are already infected. Women with AIDS now make up 9 per cent of the national US total, and heterosexual transmission which accounted for only 1.2 per cent of cases in 1982, is now responsible for 4.9 per cent of the total case-load."
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The African AIDS Epidemic, 2007.
An analysis of the global impact of inadequate health care policy and national poverty in the African AIDS epidemic.
1,762 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the growing problem of AIDS in Africa. It discusses the major reasons why poverty and inadequate health care policies are important factors of this epidemic. The paper then compares Africa with other countries in the world and analyzes, in depth, how and why Africa is suffering under the epidemic of AIDS in recent times. It specifically looks at the global impact of inadequate health care policy and poverty in the African AIDS epidemic.
From the Paper
"This statement from the Bush Administration allows the participatory involvement of not only South Africa, but of the other countries in the vicinity that show some economic and political stability. South Africa and Uganda represents one of the more stable countries of the region, this is why it has been included within this study on how the northern and southern hemispheres are dealing with this crisis. However, the status of South Africa as a leader in preventing AIDS for impoverished nations that surround it appear to be negligent, since it cannot provide a leading example of how to stop the infection within its own policy settings agendas. In this manner, the issue of poverty within a global context is an important factor in generating reasons as to why South Africa provides a higher rate of infections thn other countries, such as the United States."
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The AIDS Epidemic in Black Women, 2001.
A discussion on the AIDS disease and its high rate amongst Black women.
2,390 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 20 sources, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the AIDS epidemic in general and in Black Women in particular. Before focusing on black women, the author discusses how different age and gender groups can contract the disease. Then, he provides statistical evidence that shows that the AIDS rate amongst Black Women was relatively high.
From the Paper
"In an article written for BlackWomensHealth Newsletter, the AIDS rate among Black women is three times as high as that among Latino women and 18 times as high as that among White women. Today Black women make up more than half of all women who have died of AIDS. The statistics indicate a disproportionate number of Black females falling victim to HIV and AIDS. African Americans make up 13 percent of the population, yet they now account for 41 percent of all AIDS cases in the United States. The Harvard AIDS Institute estimates that by the year 2000 more than half of all AIDS cases in the United States will be within the African American community. "
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AIDS Epidemic, 2003.
Analysis of the disease.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 20 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
Discusses biomedical, psychosocial, and ethical issues of the disease, AIDS as a global-political issue, characteristics of the disease, management of symptoms, HIV infection, and common treatments of HIV/AIDS, including drugs and therapy.
From the Paper
"This research paper presents an analysis of HIV/AIDS. Biomedical aspects of the disease, psychosocial aspects of the disease, and ethical issues will be discussed. In April of 2000, HIV/AIDS was declared a threat to ..."
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Strategies for Dealing with HIV/AIDS, 2002.
This paper is an in-depth overview of the aspects of the HIV / AIDS epidemic, including the profound issues and statistics on the virus in the developing and industrialized world.
3,080 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 25 sources, APA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The paper begins with an overview of AIDS epidemic in terms of its derivation and the possible causes of AIDS. It describes AIDS in developing countries and those countries' national government strategy for battling it, the paper continues by investigating AIDS in industrialized countries and comparing these policies to those in developing countries. To better understanding the differences locally and internationally, certain sample countries have been used to illustrate the situation. The paper also explores the global AIDS prevention strategy and evaluates how HIV vaccine developing.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Overrview of AIDS
Introduction of AIDS
Global Picture of AIDS
Distribution of AIDS
AIDS in Developing Countries
Sex between Men in the Developing World
Government Strategy on Sex between Men
Education in Asia
Strategy Effectiveness
HIV Vaccine in Developing Countries
Thailand
South America
Africa
The Spread of Injecting and Drug Use in Developing Countries
The Golden Triangle
Drugs in Russia
AIDS in Industrialized Countries
American Syringe Exchange
Strategy Effectiveness
Syringe Exchange in the UK
NHS and Local Health Authorities
Global AIDS Strategy
World Health Organization
Global AIDS Societies
Vaccine Development
Conclusion
Appendix
Reference
From the Paper
"AIDS is now found worldwide. While, what is AIDS? Keith Alcorn and Robert Fieldhouse (2000) stated, ?AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is the result of damage to the immune system: the resultant deficiency in its functions allows certain specific opportunistic infections or tumours to flourish.? It is an opportunistic virus, which could take the opportunity to damage human being?s immune system and cause death.
"In 1986, there is a hypothesis released in St. Mary?s Hospital (1986), that is the disease may have originated in Central Africa and then expand to Caribbean, USA and Europe. While there are more and more scientists argued the origin of AIDS, Keith Alcorn and Robert Fieldhouse (2000) argued that ?AIDS was first identified as a distinct syndrome in 1981 as the consequence of a cluster of cases amongst gay men in large US cities with highly visible and established gay communities.? Peter Aggleton (1994) found that how serious that AIDS expand worldwide, the epidemic has increased over 100-fold since AIDS was identified in 1981, according to the research for the Harvard-based Global AIDS Policy. By 1992 at lease 12.9 million people worldwide were infected with HIV (7.1 million men, 4.7 million women, 1.1 million children)."
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AIDS in the Female African American Population, 2005.
A discussion of the spreading AIDS epidemic and the high rate of infection among African-American women.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses social policy for the AIDS epidemic, noting the high rate of infection among African-American woman in the United States, the fact that no clear reason is known for this phenomenon. The paper further discusses how the disease has a strong impact on the health and social systems. The paper analyzes how education is one of the more important ways of informing the public and preventing infection.
From the Paper
"AIDS is a disease that has altered a number of societal practices and patterns in a relatively short time. The disease has been known widely for no more than about 20 years, and in that time it has had a profound effect on human sexual behavior in Western society. Not every community or group is affected by AIDS in the same way, which is also one reason the scientific, medical, and governmental response was so slow in developing. AIDS has had its greatest effect in what are considered by many to be marginal communities rather than the mainstream, marginal in the sense of minority and stigmatized, like the homosexual community and the population that uses illegal intravenous drugs. Arguably, it was only with clear evidence that the disease was spreading into the non-drug-using heterosexual community that a stronger response from government and the medical community was forthcoming."
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Gay Community And Aids, 2002.
Discusses how the HIV/AIDS epidemic altered the gay community.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
Discusses how the HIV/AIDS epidemic altered the gay community. Public perceptions toward homosexuality and fear of the disease. Politicization of AIDS by gay acitvists. Engagement in risky sexual practices by ethnic groups. Examines the effect of the AIDS crisis on severalt groups, including the leather community, the Latino population.
From the Paper
"The impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic has affected many sectors of society and has especially altered the gay community. Because of the epidemic, the public perceptions towards homosexuality have been transformed by the fear of the disease. In their struggle against the HIV/AIDS epidemic, mainly white gay members of the community have rallied together and politicized their presence. However, minority ethnic groups such as the African Americans and Latino continue to engage in risky sexual practices. In this paper, the effects of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on different groups will be described and examined.
According to different polls to assess public attitudes towards the gay population during the HIV/AIDS epidemic, it appears that the public had not altered their opinions on certain issues because of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The public ..."
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AIDS, 2004.
An overview of the AIDS epidemic and its effect on American society.
1,298 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
AIDS is a devastating disease that has ravaged our world over the past twenty years. The issue of AIDS in America is one of much debate that continues to challenge the medical community. This discussion examines the epidemic of AIDS in America. It provides an analysis of the most infected portion of the society and the tactics that are being implemented to stop the disease from spreading.
From the Paper
"The article goes on to explain that AIDS can be transmitted in several different ways, which include; needle sticks among healthcare workers, sexual contact, transmission during pregnancy and through exposure to contaminated blood. (Rowland 1996) The disease usually attacks the body in one of three ways; autoimmunity, nervous system dysfunction and immunodeficiency. Autoimmunity causes the body to produce antibodies that work against the body?s own cells. Nervous system dysfunction causes AIDS related dementia in patients. Immunodeficiency makes AIDS patients more susceptible to several illnesses including herpes and cancer. (Rowland 1996)"
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AIDS in Africa, 2008.
This paper explores why Africa is one of the hardest hit areas in the worldwide AIDS epidemic.
2,285 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper suggests that the prominence of HIV/AIDS in Africa may be explained by (1) the impoverished nature of Africa as a whole, which makes people more susceptible to infection, and (2) AIDS denialism, which makes people believe they are not at risk. The author points out that both of these factors can be connected to colonialism, which impoverished African countries and created a racist discourse of disease, and to neo-colonialism, which keeps African countries poor and is the target of AIDS denialism. The paper stresses that the only way to reduce AIDS in Africa is to deal with this legacy of colonialism and the current effects of neo-colonialism. The paper included many quotations.
From the Paper
"Many researchers have argued that attempts to link HIV/AIDS
to Africa had a basis in racist philosophies. ... This argument would seem to indicate that arguments about the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Africa being caused by environmental conditions in Africa are part of a racist discourse. In essence it is the continuation of the argument that there is something mentally/morally deficient with African people that has transformed the entire continent into a source for disease. If the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Africa can't be explained by environmental conditions then how can this phenomenon be explained?"
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AIDS in Africa, 2001.
This paper discusses the AIDS epidemic in Africa.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 9 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the spreading of AIDS in Africa. It shows various studies headed by international organizations that have tried to both analyze and prevent the rapid spread of AIDS on the African continent. It points to various factors such as lack of education, absence of contraceptives, and poverty as reasons for the fast spread of HIV. It also focuses on why women are much more likely to be infected and spread the disease.
From the paper:
"AIDS is a demographic disease. The most prone to the disease are women, children and the poor. The testimony to this statement is the fact that in a country like Africa the most effected by AIDS is the women and the children. This is mainly because they have to deal with the fact that society considers them a second-class citizen, they are basically the child bearers and have many stigmas attached to their actions within the society."
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AIDS in the 1980s, 2005.
A look at the AIDS epidemic during the 1980s and its ramifications on medical practices today.
1,177 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an open exploration of AIDS in the United States during the 1980s. The author examines the definition of AIDS, the stigma that it carried as a "gay disease," and incorporates information about the Ryan White Care Act. It also explores the statistics of AIDS in the United States.
From the Paper
"In current discussion of AIDS an old tobacco ad comes to mind. In the ad women are smoking in public and the cigarette company slogan is "You've come a long way baby". This is how AIDS can be viewed in the United States today. While it is still a deadly disease and is spreading rapidly through the young adult population, society has come a long way in its understanding of AIDS. In addition the nation is more tolerant of the disease than it has been in the past. A disease that was once called a "gay thing" is now accepted and recognized as a disease that knows no barriers. It impacts the young the old, the rich the poor, the gay and the straight. It has gone from being considered a gay disease to being just a disease. Society used to shun those who had it. Today while there is still a stigma with it those who have it do not get stigmatized in the same manner as they did in the 80's. This is due to public education and people such as Ryan White who paved the way for compassion and understanding when it comes to AIDS."
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Racism and AIDS, 2003.
Looks at how racism, both direct and indirect, is causing the United States to react to the HIV/AIDS epidemic with inaction.
3,918 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that HIV/AIDS is a serious and devastating problem for Africans that warrants immediate and decisive international action. It argues that the scale of HIV/AIDS has been exacerbated by racism, both past and present. More specifically, racism from the past plagues the continent today, indirectly, and global inaction is deemed justified because of racial prejudice and discrimination.
From the Paper
"It is widely known the world is experiencing a pandemic ? 36.1 million people are affected with HIV/AIDS globally (Berger, 2002). The distribution of those infected, however, is lesser known: ?ground zero? of the HIV/AIDS pandemic is located in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly 75% of the world?s HIV/AIDS population is African (Booker, 2003). This disproportionate dispersal of disease is closely tied to a continental history of ?oppression and discrimination that people of African descent share? (Booker, 2003) and the continuation of that racism through modern institutional indifference."
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The Politics of AIDS, 2006.
A look at the effects of the division in the political conscience of the 1980s during the AIDS epidemic and the implications of this on the effects the disease would have on the American population.
1,286 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the most hindering part of the opposition between conservatives and liberals in the fight against AIDS was a psychological one. It looks at how the conservative mindset was one of idealistic concern for the moral crisis brought out by AIDS and how the liberal mindset was more of a concern for the environmental crisis that also played a part in it. It also discusses how fighting each other over issues of morality and social problems should have been replaced by the fight for the preservation of human life.
From the Paper
"The first cases of AIDS were identified in San Francisco and New York city. It seemed initially only to affect the gay community and not much else was known about it. Though it revealed itself in the form of infections such as Pneumonia, no one agreed yet upon where it came from, how it was transmitted, and what should be done to contain it. By 1982, however, it was taking lives of gays and heterosexuals alike. From the political right, there was pressure to categorize AIDS as an epidemic caused by what people perceived to be a decay of morality in America. From the political left, people were attributing it to the increasing damage to the environment due to mass consumerism and bomb warfare. Because of these opposing views, the process of containing the disease was stunted, as it continued to kill what would become millions of people."
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