| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "SMALL BUSINESS LENDING CANADA": |
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Small Business Lending in Canada, 2002.
Examines the environment for small-business lending in Canada.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The reasons that small businesses require loans, the bank's policies towards them and the role of the Canadian government are all considered in this paper. Additionally, alternative sources of financing for small businesses, as they are often considered unfavorably by the major banks, are also explored.
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Small Classes, Small Schools, 2005.
Argues that classrooms and schools should be small if they are to be places where students' personal and learning needs are met.
2,359 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
For many years, educators have debated the effects of class size and school size on student learning. The class size debate centers on the number of students a teacher can work with effectively in any given class period. The school size issue focuses on whether smaller schools encourage optimal student learning and development and how small a "small school" must be to produce such effects. By looking at articles and texts on the subject, this paper examines why issues of class and school size have gained prominence in recent years. It looks at what the research says and finally shows what the author's experience has led him to believe about the impact of class and school size on teaching and learning.
From the Paper
"When I began teaching in the early 1970s, teachers generally accepted the notion that some students had an exceptional aptitude for learning and others did not. At that time, my colleagues and I believed that as long as one-fourth of the students in a class performed exceptionally well and another half of the class did reasonably well, we were fulfilling our responsibilities as educators-even if one-fourth of the students in a class failed to learn at an acceptable level. We had been taught that the normal distribution of scores (the "bell curve") was what teachers should aim for and what we should accept as reasonable evidence of accomplishment. In the ensuing years, cognitive scientists, neurological biologists, and educators determined that all students have the capacity to learn. This new, convincing research means that no student should be left behind in the learning process."
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Business and the Environment, 2002.
A research proposal to validate an effective mechanism for linking accountability and corporate responsibility for the protection of the physical environment through typical business processes.
7,691 words (approx. 30.8 pages), 43 sources, MLA, $ 167.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the feasibility of incorporating the concept of sustainable development into commercial bank business lending decisions. It discusses how this approach, if feasible, will provide a mechanism that will link effectively accountability and corporate social responsibility toward the physical environment through a relatively routine, but nevertheless crucial, business process. The mechanism proposed and investigated involves corporate managers, commercial bank lending officers and financial accountants and is based in both financial accounting and accounting for sustainable development (ASD).
It assesses the feasibility of integrating the concept of sustainable development generally and ASD more specifically into financial accounting analyzes used by commercial banks in the decision-making process for the extension of business loans.
Outline
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Definition of Terms
Delimitations
Overview of the Study
Valuing Environmental Damage
Corporate Social Responsibility
Activity-Based Accounting and Management
Synthesis
From the Paper
"The most typical approach to the protection of the environment is through the application of non-market activities by government. Several economists, however, suggest that market approaches would be more effective. Within the context of this suggestion, environmental damage is viewed as an externality. The typical approach to economic externalities is based upon two assumptions. First, the assumption is that externalities are harmful, and second, it is assumed that they are unidirectional. Based upon these assumptions, solutions to the problems thus created have tended to be one of the following three types: (1) require the entity creating the externality to pay damage to those injured by its existence; (2) tax the entity creating the externality by an amount equivalent to the damage caused; or (3) prohibit those activities in areas where harmful externalities would be created."
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Predatory Lending and the United States Sub-Prime Market, 2004.
Examines the correlation between predatory lending of sub-prime loans and foreclosure and their prominence in minority communities and low-income neighborhoods.
5,300 words (approx. 21.2 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 131.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by defining important terms from the mortgage industry. It defines the elements that make up predatory lending practices. The paper details the difference between prime loans and sub-prime and how a potential borrower would fall into either category. The paper briefly defines the term foreclosure for context purposes and briefly discusses the aftermath of foreclosure as an aspect of economic impact. The paper offers data from the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, also referred to as "HMDA" and statistics to prove the correlation between predatory lending and the rate of foreclosure. The paper explores how predatory lending has, as a result of the rise in the rate of foreclosure, affected communities across the country. This influence can be seen in community growth and re-urbanization of these particular neighborhoods. Finally, this paper discusses what is being done at local community levels but also focuses on how state and federal governments are looking to improve the home-buying process to combat the practice of predatory lending. It also discusses how mortgage companies, such as Countrywide Home Loans, are attempting to not only battle predatory lending but also make the dream of home ownership a reality to the under-served populations of the United States during the life of the loan.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Definitions
Statistics and Data
Economic Impact of Predatory Lending
Public Response to Economic Impact
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A variety of loan terms and lending practices have been described as predatory or abusive, especially when employed in high-cost or subprime loans. Some of these practices, particularly loan terms such as prepayment penalties are used in the subprime market and this does not seem to scare the borrower away. The use of such terms and practices is highly inappropriate. For example, debt-to-income ratio above 40-45 percent is considered normal practice with prime loan but is entirely inappropriate for subprime loans. Fifty percent for housing costs may be okay for a family with high-income but could cause potential disaster for that of a lower income. Predatory lenders look to stretch the debt-to-income ratio to a point where, it is not considered responsible lending (Smith 3)."
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Predatory Lending Practices, 2004.
Reviews data regarding the practice of predatory lending by financial service providers.
765 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the serious problem of predatory lending practices and the need for government regulation to protect those targeted most by this practice. Housing and Urban Development (HUD) studies showing who is most targeted by predatory lending practices and the factors that contribute to this practice are cited, as are findings that show that predatory lending practices are largely exploitative.
From the Paper
"Predatory lending practices have been the source of much concern among legitimate financial service providers, regulators and consumers. Much evidence exists indicating that predatory lending practices are still a factor to be reckoned with, especially in what has been termed the ?sub prime market.? Predatory lenders typically have targeted less experienced borrowers or those with higher risk profiles or poor credit (MBAA, 2003). As such, government intervention has become almost a necessity to protect those most vulnerable in society from predatory practices (MBAA, 2003)."
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Comparative Mortgage Lending Policy and Practice, 2006.
A review of the risk management strategies of the USA, Canada and China.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 124.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the mortgage lending policies and practices in the United States and Canada, as well as in China. Risk management is the key focus, and the paper discusses the efforts taken by the three nations to achieve risk management. In the US, risk is managed through market forces which drive capital infusion and pooling. In Canada, risk is managed through government involvement. China is not well-developed yet and it remains which of these two basic paths it will take.
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Programs to Overcome Mortgage Lending Discrimination, 2002.
This paper investigates the effects of programs dealing with risk-based pricing and increased mortgage loan limits on mortgage approval rates for low- and moderate-income households.
16,414 words (approx. 65.7 pages), 42 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The paper provides in-depth research into two programs introduced in the 1990s to improve accessibility to residential mortgage finance for low- and moderate-income individuals. The paper finds that risk-based pricing policies have a positive impact on the extension of residential mortgages to borrowers with annual income less than $35,000. It also discovers from the study that higher mortgage limit policies have a positive impact on the extension of residential mortgages to low- and moderate-income applicants.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Problem Statement
Study Purpose
Research Questions & Hypotheses
Significance of the Study
Definitions of Terms
Delimitations of the Study
Overview of the Remainder of the Study
Review of the Literature
Systems Theory
Systems Theory and the Mortgage Lending Model
Mortgage Lending Markets
Past Discrimination in Mortgage Lending
Summary
Methodology
Research Design
Research Hypotheses
Variables and Operational Definitions
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Methodological Limitations
Summary
Results
Restatement of the Research Questions
Restatement of the Hypotheses
Research Results
Summary, Discussion and Conclusions
Discussion
Conclusions
Appendix: Data Tables
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The major conclusion drawn from the findings of this study is that adherence to risk-based pricing policies and increased mortgage loan limit policies by conventional lenders is more show than real, as the aggregate approval rate among conventional lenders actually declined from 1990 to 1999. Thus, as explained by systems theory, although changes were implemented within a system, the system remained the same and the overall problem continued. It appears that conventional lenders found new reasons to reject low- and moderate-income applicants making less than $35,000 annually, while publicly adhering to the new policies intended to broaden access to mortgage lending for these applicants."
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The NWAC V. Canada Case, 2008.
A critical examination of the "Native Women's Association of Canada v. Canada" court case.
1,478 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the relevant administrative law principles regarding the "Native Women's Association of Canada v. Canada" court case and asserts that in this situation, the Native Women's Association of Canada (NWAC) was given an opportunity to be heard vis-a-vis the issues in dispute, proper procedural guidelines were followed and the Charter prerogatives of aboriginal women represented by the organization were not offended. The paper shows how there is no evidence that the government officials acted in a fashion that could be construed as biased. The paper concludes, therefore, that the government acted in full accord with the principles of administrative justice and the Court ruling substantiates this unequivocally.
From the Paper
"During the constitutional reform discussions that led up to the Charlottetown Accord, various government-funded aboriginal organizations were invited to participate in the debate. Unfortunately, the Native Women's Association of Canada (NWAC) was not invited to participate in this debate. In the view of the aforementioned group, its exclusion from direct funding and from direct participation in the constitutional discussions of the day was a threat to the equality of aboriginal women. In particular, NWAC was troubled at the prospect that the proposals being bandied about with regards to constitutional amendments might very well result in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms not applying to aboriginal self-government. Suffice it to say, NWAC went to court to prevent any further provisioning of monies to other aboriginal organizations until such time as NWAC was provided with equal funding as well."
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Climate Change and Atlantic Canada, 2008.
This paper examines the effects of climate change on Canada and Atlantic Canada, specifically.
1,225 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the most important and likely ways that Atlantic Canada will be affected by climate change. The paper demonstrates that climate change has the potential to have a devastating effect on the forests, farms and economy of Atlantic Canada.
From the Paper
"Another way in which climate change could negatively impact Atlantic Canada's forests is by causing mid-winter thaws to become longer, and to occur more often. These thaws cause air bubbles to form in stems, and if these remain they will prevent water from flowing into the leaves when spring comes. Also, if there are extended thaws, when the soil freezes again it can damage roots. This means that when the spring comes, the roots are damaged. However, it is the roots that usually produce the pressure to expel the air bubbles."
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The Caribbean Small States, 2002.
A discussion of whether regional integration is essential to the survival of the Caribbean small states for the 21st century.
23,101 words (approx. 92.4 pages), 71 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the problems of globalization and the implications of globalization for the small Caribbean states. It looks at how information technology and the liberalization of markets are expected to accelerate in the twenty-first century and how the small states of the Caribbean must respond effectively to these changes and challenges if they are to participate productively in the emerging global economy.
Outline
Introduction/Preface
Introduction to the Study
21st Century Challenges
Globalization
Deficits of Small Caribbean States
Regional Integration As A Solution
Introduction Endnotes
Chapter I ? Small States and Regional Integration
in the Caribbean
Introduction
Defining Small States
Defining Small Caribbean States
Theories of Integration
Integration in the Caribbean
Chapter Summary and Conclusion
Chapter Endnotes
II ? Challenges in the Global Environment for Small Caribbean States
Introduction
Evolving Global Environment and Implications For CARICOM
Treaties and Protocols Affecting Small Caribbean States
WTO and Small Caribbean States
CBI, CARIBCAN, FTAA, NAFTA, and Small Caribbean States
Chapter Summary and Conclusion
Chapter Endnotes
III ? Problems And Opportunities For
Small Caribbean States
Introduction
Internal Deficits in Small Caribbean States
Opportunities for Small Caribbean States
Chapter Summary and Conclusion
Chapter Endnotes
IV ? Prospects for the Future for Small Caribbean States
Introduction
Economic and Political Outlook for Small Caribbean States
The Drug Trade Issue
International Aid and Small
Caribbean States
Chapter Summary and Conclusion
Chapter Endnotes
V ? Regional Integration as an Imperative For Small Caribbean States
Introduction
Regional Integration As An Imperative
Pitfalls of Integration
Caribbean and Latin American Generally
Legacy of Colonialism
Study Conclusion
Chapter Endnotes
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In 1980, a report to the Caribbean Common Market Council of Ministers by a "Group of Caribbean Experts," concluded that while CARICOM had achieved some meaningful levels of integration, the level of integration attained was insufficient to serve as a basis for effective participation in the global economy. The most serious breaches involved failures to observe trading rules; however, many other challenges were not addressed by the organization. By 1992, however, the West Indian Commission concluded that the number of functioning regional organizations in the CARICOM family numbered an "impressive" 200. The Commission concluded also, however, that the test will be "whether or not this Community of Member States has matured to a degree where it can accept temporary member difficulty, and even pain, without drawing back, in order to move towards a Community of closer union for the larger and longer-term benefit.""
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Foreign Ownership in Canada, 2008.
An analysis of issues relating to foreign ownership in Canada, according to the opinion of Dominic D'Alessandro of "Manulife Financial", and Canada's relationship to the World Trade Organization.
3,180 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rules governing foreign ownership in Canada, foreign takeovers and corporate and government positions, according to the opinion of Dominic D'Alessandro of "Manulife Financial." The paper then discusses Canada and the World Trade Organisation, as well as Canadian interests in relation to trade agreements. Finally, the paper focuses on public interest group activity and the issue of foreign ownership in areas of the Canadian economy considered 'sensitive.'
Table of Contents:
The Rules Governing Foreign Ownership in Canada
Canada and the World Trade Organisation
Public Interest Group Activity
From the Paper
"This overall pattern seems to be very promising for those caring about the likelihood of lost Canadian economic sovereignty and the aim of better regulating foreign investment that was ventured by D'Alessandro. In the Council of Canadians, very often associated with the Canadian "left" but actually featuring diverse participants, one finds a way of inducing the public to imagine a future Canada that may appear unless effort is made to question and limit the rate of foreign investment and takeovers in particular sectors of the economy. Given that neo-liberal economic shifts were thrust upon the Canadian public, including the radical departure of the NAFTA, it seems all the more important that public interest groups compel Canadians to consider their future, demand restrictions they may decide should be in place and rather than waiting or hoping for an effective political party to list these concerns."
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The Effects of Immigration on Poverty in Canada, 2001.
This is a research proposal that was done to look at the effects of poverty on immigration in Canada. The proposal attempts to answer the question: Why are Canada’s immigrants more likely to end up in poverty than native-born Canadians.
3,660 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This is a research proposal that was done to look at the effects of poverty on immigration in Canada. In Canada, immigrants are more likely to live under the poverty line than native Canadian-born citizens. The proposal attempts to answer the question: Why are Canada?s immigrants more likely to end up in poverty than native-born Canadians. It is a qualitative proposal, which includes a literature review. The author discusses census data and utilizes interview questions and answers. The proposal was written in first person narrative, and is 13 pages long, including bibliography as well as a potential newspaper ad for gathering applicants to the study.
From the Paper
"This study will hopefully show why it is that immigrants to Canada , at least those who arrived since 1981, are more likely to live in poverty than native-born Canadians. It will attempt to find possible solutions to prevent this from happening to future immigrant populations, whether the problem lies in the hands of the immigration system, or if it has to do with something else. Optimistically, my study will also serve to educate the public and policy makers to adopt different views on immigration and immigrants than the ones currently harbored by many. In my opinion, education of the public and lawmakers will prove crucial after the findings to start finding ways to make some changes to get these people out of poverty, which would benefit everyone."
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Canada's 21st Century Challenges, 2008.
An argument that the challenges facing Canada in the twenty-first century are due to Canada's ties with the United States.
1,256 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Canada currently enjoys many advantages over other nations, but faces challenges that are bound inextricably with Canada continuing to strengthen its ties to the United States. The paper explains that with Canada's economy and security being more tightly bound to the United States, there is a risk of taking on more of the American problems as well. The paper asserts that Canada would be better off if it looked to other countries for new trade and investment. The paper is of the opinion that with more economic independence, political independence will follow and Canada's international image will be less coloured by the United States' foreign policy and the acrimony it generates.
From the Paper
"The Canadian Prime Minister, Wilfred Laurier, said that the twenty-first century would be Canada's century. In many ways, the new millennium looks bright for our country. Canada currently enjoys many advantages over other nations, including a relatively peaceful social climate, an educated workforce, resource riches, technological might, and international good will. However, regarding this final point, there are difficult challenges that lay ahead. These challenges are bound inextricably with Canada continuing to strengthen its ties to the United States."
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Canada's Impact On International Business, 2007.
An analysis of Canada's impact on international business and the factors that affect Canada's economy.
2,117 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the tacit influences of Canada on the global economy and within the international business sphere. It provides a history of Canada's economy and discusses the factors that influence it. The paper then discusses the governmental economic policies of Canada. It specifically analyzes Canada's relationship with China and petroleum and how these are affecting Canada's economy.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Historical Economic Factors
Governmental Economic Policies
The China/Petroleum Impact
NAFTA and the International Stage
NAFTA's Economic Impact
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While many detractors of NAFTA predicted that trade deficits would be the only result of this agreement, they also failed to observe that overall exports to these two other markets, the U.S. and Mexico, would increase greatly as well. Because the U.S. is such a large market it was expected to maintain an overall trade deficit but that NAFTA allowed Canada to increase its trade exports across such a wide swath of industries has been a boon to its economy. Dong states that most consumer products increased in amount vis-a-vis trade among the member states of NAFTA (26). Such an overall increase in consumer-oriented products would have been largely impossible without NAFTA guaranteeing market access to these two neighbouring countries. However, NAFTA's benefits seem to have benefited Canada more than the U.S. where its exports only increased meaningfully in a few product categories such as dog food whereas with Canada such increases were almost inclusive of every product category (Dong 26). Canada's increases in foreign trade and in trade relationships with the U.S. through the NAFTA apparatus elevated its status internationally."
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Reform in Western Canada, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts Western Canada's way of life with that of Eastern Canada.
3,682 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the Western Canadian worldview and lifestyle and how they differ from Eastern Canada. More liberal in many senses of the word, the paper portrays how Western Canada developed into a bastion of radical thought, inspired in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century by Marxism, populism and the British labor movement. The paper explains how the Reform movement in Western Canada was sparked and fed by a series of interrelated political, economic, social, geographic, historical and existential concerns. The paper explains that what initially distinguished the Western from the Eastern mentality continues to loosely divide the nation: a sense of alienation from national politics and culture.
From the Paper
"Geographical distance prevented the maintenance of social ties between regions even if goods and services could be readily transported and traded on the rail network. Citizens in Western provinces felt cut off continually from Ottawa; their concerns did not reflect those of urban industrialists back East nor those of the already established mining and agricultural communities in central and eastern Canada. The bread basket invited exploitation by big business, as did the fruitful mines of Western Canada."
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