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Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers, 2005.
This papers compares psychologists Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 12 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that evaluating and comparing human personality theories requires an examination of the history of psychology and an appraisal of the most prominent theorists. The author points out that Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers have influenced psychology profoundly with distinctly different approaches to therapy. The paper explains that Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis and Carl Rogers' humanistic therapy each have their strengths and weaknesses, but humanistic psychology seems to have much greater potential than Freudian analysis.
From the Paper
"In evaluating personality theory, it is important to examine the professional history and experiences of the theorists themselves, for these factors inevitably influence the formulation of their theories. We are all products of our own distinctive life experiences, and famous psychologists are no exception. Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers were each influenced consciously and subconsciously by their own unique heredity, their respective professional environments, and a host of other personal, educational, and professional circumstances and events. The respective theories of personality they each constructed reflect all of these influences. Robbins (1999) notes that psychoanalysis was founded by Sigmund Freud more than a century ago."
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Sigmund Freud & Carl Jung on Dreams, 1993.
Compares interpretations, theories, methods, assumptions, symbolism, instinct, collective unconscious, sexuality and childhood.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 9 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
" Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung developed differing views of mental processes and psychological development, and these differences are seen in their views on dreams and myths, the meaning of dreams, and the way dreams reflect and reinforce myths about the meaning of human behavior. The different views each takes of dreams are reflected in their methods of interpretation, the meaning they place on dreaming, and related issues.
Hunt (1992) states that the differences between Freud and Jung with respect to dreams can be found both in terms of their contrastive dream theories and methods of interpretation and in their own dreams and related subjective states. Hunt points out that Freud's dreams are often confused and fragmented and stands closest to what most people mean by "dreaming." They also involve the reorganization of personal memories. Such dreams.."
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Carl Jung & Sigmund Freud, 1989.
Compares theories, beliefs & therapeutic approaches of psychoanalysts. Discusses life experiences, libido theory & sexuality, collective unconscious, mythologies and personality development.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
" "The latest developments have convinced me that my views are in such sharp contrast to the views of the majority of the members of our Association that I can no longer consider myself a suitable personality to be president" (McGuire, 1974, p. 358). On April 20, 1914 Carl Jung proclaimed the final break between him and his colleague Sigmund Freud.
The paths of these two psychoanalysts were destined to cross as each progressed in his studies concerning the way the human mind functions. Sigmund Freud studied various fields at the University of Vienna and after receiving a degree in medicine became a clinical neurologist in 1881. He eagerly began work with Viennese physician Josef Breuer and conducted experiments that would lead to the development of psychoanalysis. Examining (...)"
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Carl Rogers, 2008.
An analysis of the background and achievements of the American psychologist, Carl Rogers.
982 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Carl Rogers, a prominent American psychologist who is best known for being one of the founding fathers of the humanist approach to psychology. The paper discusses Rogers' personal background and focuses on his achievements in the realm of psychology. The paper looks at the highlights of his career, including books that he wrote and studies that he conducted.
From the Paper
"Rogers' person-centered approach focused on the development of the individual personality. According to Rogers, the personality is something that developed in principles rather than stages, with the main issue being the development of a self-concept and the progression from an undifferentiated self to being a completely differentiated individual. According to Rogers, a fully functioning individual would exhibit such characteristics as a growing openness to experience (or a move away from defensiveness), along with an increasingly existential lifestyle where the individual lives each moment fully and does not distort the moment in order to fit their personality or self concept but instead lets their personality emanate from their experiences."
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Carl Rogers, 2006.
A discussion on Carl Rogers' person-centered therapy.
1,145 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Carl Rogers and person centered therapy. Rogers' theory is that an accurate and positive self-concept is critical for the development of self-growth. The paper examines person-centered therapy, a therapy involving a mirroring of the client's expressed experience back to them with an emphasis on the client's immediate conscious experience, the central aim of this therapy is to free the individual by removing obstacles so that the client can become independent and self-directed through normal growth and development. The paper concludes that this approach to therapy would be especially effective for detox counselors, who work to promote a change in behavior for individuals with substance abuse issues, the core of these problems is an inaccurate self-perception that prevents individuals from clearly seeing their true feelings and motivations. The paper suggests that person-centered therapy may enable these individuals to understand where their addiction issues are stemming from and to discover their potential for personal growth and change.
From the Paper
"Rogers explained that there are three distinctive elements that characterize person centered therapy, including predictability, the discovery of the capacity of the client, and the person centered nature of the relationship between the client and the therapist (Rogers, 1946). With regards to predictability, Rogers (1946) described how there is a predictable chain of events that occurs in person-centered therapy that unfolds when certain conditions are met in the therapeutic environment."
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Carl Rogers and Person-Centered Theory, 2007.
This paper examines many aspects of Carl Rogers' person-centered theory.
1,775 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact of Carl Rogers' person-centered theory on society. The author also considers the application of the theory as it relates to family, groups, interpersonal relationships, and conflict resolution. The goal of the theory and how its techniques are used in therapy is also discussed. The paper compares person-centered theory to other psychological theories, including a historical perspective. All of these issues are important and significant for a complete understanding of what person-centered theory really is and how it applies to many various facets of life.
From the Paper
"The primary issue in Carl Rogers' person-centered theory is what he terms the "actualizing tendency" (Rogers, 1980). This term refers to what is considered to be the inherent and the immutable tendency of all organisms, of course including human beings, to do many different things, including grow, expand, develop, differentiate, maintain themselves, restore themselves and realize their natures as much as they are able to and as well as they are able to under the circumstances that they are given (Barrett-Lennard, 1998). This actualizing tendency is seen as the basic characteristic of all organic life, including human life. Rogers (1980) expresses these ideas very well in stating that "The actualizing tendency can ... be thwarted or warped, but it cannot be destroyed without destroying the organism" (Rogers, 1980, p. I 19). "
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Theories of Carl Rogers, 2008.
A presentation of the arguments in support and opposition of Carl Roger's therapy methods.
2,329 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the psychology theories of Carl Rogers. It also presents the characteristics of the fully functioning person, according to Rogers. The paper provides arguments in favor of and in opposition to Roger's therapy methods. Finally, the paper shows how his methods have the ability of assisting many individuals throughout society, particularly within Irish society.
From the Paper
"This approach to counseling can be difficult because the therapist is not tasked with discovering a solution to the issues that pertain to the client's life, but is required to simple understand the person at that moment in time. Rogers (1946) contended that if the therapist were capable of accomplishing this task then the patient would complete the work needed to find resolutions to the issues surrounding him or her. In the process of understanding the individual, therefore, the therapist becomes open to accepting the situation at that point in time, rather than accumulating judgments that are the result of data gathered over the life span of the person. Furthermore, when the therapist focuses on only that moment, the therapist can empathize with the individual to a greater degree because the tendency to judge is erased. Only the situation is significant during the therapy session (Rogers, 1946, sec. 4)."
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Carl Rogers, 1983.
This paper discusses Carl Rogers, his life and the theory of personality that he developed, client-centered therapy, and contrasts his theory with other theorists.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"The subject is Carl Rogers, his life and the theory of personality that he developed. Rogers is one of the best known of the organismic theorists and has also achieved recognition as a therapist. In his work, he emphasizes the private world of the individual, the world of experience, and he calls this world the phenomenal field. The behavior of the individual is determined by his perceptions and interpretations. In order to understand the behavior of a person, therefore, it is essential to know how the matter looks subjectively to that person ... points out that Carl Rogers, unlike the better known psychologists with whom his name is associated, such as Maslow, Perls, Buhler, and Fromm, is a product of midwestern America rather than an immigrant background, and he has roots ... "
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Carl Rogers and Client-Centered Therapy, 1978.
This paper reviews psychological literature to discuss the philosophy, methods and effectiveness of humanist, non-directive therapy techniques; focus is on Carl Rogers.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 18 sources, $ 111.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to review some of the literature dealing with client-centered therapy. Client-centered counseling and therapy was a radical departure from the field of therapy. It began in December 1940 when Carl R. Rogers, its leading exponent, presented a paper on the attitude and orientation of the counselor at the University of Minnesota. The paper later became a chapter in Rogers' controversial book, Counseling and Psychotherapy (1942). Basically Rogers proposed that therapy be nondirective rather than the current practice of directive techniques.
Counseling and Psychotherapy, unlike other writings, was almost entirely theory-free and empirical in tone. Controversy ensuing from the publication of Rogers' book has not yet subsided. The development of theory and research in all areas ... "
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Carl Rogers, 1991.
This paper discusses the life and method of counseling and therapy of Carl Rogers, psychologist and scholar.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"This paper will begin with a brief overview of the life and contributions of Carl Rogers, psychologist and scholar. It will focus specifically on the way he transformed the practice of psychotherapy. It will then turn to a central analysis of one of Rogers' most famous and influential works, "On Becoming A Person. Finally, the paper will conclude with an analysis of the implications of Rogers' works and speculate on the trends established by this prolific writer, scholar, and intellectual.
The entire professional career of Carl Rogers was devoted to enhancing human communication. In his work, he strove to understand and promote human relationships and was an active professional from the mid.1920s until his death in 1987. As a psychologist, Rogers accomplished an extraordinary number of things. He pioneered a major new approach to psychotherapy,... "
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Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents", 2008.
Analyzes Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents" from the standpoint of Socrates and Jesus Christ.
2,155 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, in Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents", Freud contends that the feeling of spirituality or religion is the result of one's ego. The author, who plays the role of Socrates, uses the Socratic method to question Freud's arguments. The paper concludes by questioning how there could be sinfulness if Freud believes that religion is an illusion. The author, in the role of Socrates, relates that "sins" are concepts that religions have invented to make people feel guilty and go to church. The author concludes by analyzing each of the beatitudes of the "Sermon on the Mount" from this psychological position.
Table of Contents:
Socrates Responds to Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents"
Sigmund Freud on the Sermon on the Mount
From the Paper
"But let's move on to Beatitude number four: "Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness for they shall be filled." In my own research I have discovered that a desire for happiness in many hearts and minds is matched by a willingness to do good, to try to accomplish positive things for others. This satisfies the ego, and when the parents of a child instill in that child the values that are unselfish, that person while growing up will have a strong desire to be righteous."
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Carl Rogers and Therapy, 2004.
An overview of the Rogerian theory of personality development.
700 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 24.95
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Abstract
In Rogerian therapy, the therapist enters into the client's ?phenomenological world? and, in mirroring this world, the therapist does not disagree, point out contradictions, or delve into the unconscious. This paper explains the key ideas of Carl Rogers's theory of personality development. It examines a 1995 study, which hypothesized that empathy is positively related to creativity and expressiveness and links the findings of this study to Rogers's theory.
From the Paper
"The results provided support for the hypotheses that empathy (affective sensitivity) is ?positively related to creativity and is inversely related to dogmatism,? but does not support the hypothesized positive relationship between empathy and expressiveness (Carlozzi, Bull 1995).The findings suggest that ?more creative individuals are more empathic that less creative individuals?the sensitivity that creative people manifest toward environmental stimuli may include affect experienced by other people in their environment? (Carlozzi, Bull 1995). Moreover, it supported the hypothesis that less dogmatic or more open-minded individuals are more empathic than dogmatic or closed-minded persons, due to the fact that open-minded individuals are ?less likely to distort incoming messages, their perceptions of affective messages communicated by others may be more accurate? (Carlozzi, Bull 1995)."
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Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalysis, 2004.
A biography of the life of Sigmund Freud and his development of the theory of psychoanalysis.
1,622 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines Sigmund Freud's life and looks at how psychoanalysis can be considered a product of both Sigmund Freud's personal experiences and observations, as well as the time he was living in. It describes how Freud produced a scientific method for investigating the field of cognitive processes and the unconscious and how he theorized that the behaviours exhibited were a product of unconscious desires.
From the Paper
"Next, Freud introduced five stages of the all-important sex drive, which occur in order from birth to adolescence: oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital. It is suggested that if not all stages are gone through completely, as an adult one would have traits that indicated a fixation with one of the stages. For example, someone who chain-smokes cigarettes and constantly chews on the end of a pen might have an oral fixation because he or she might not have been weaned properly. Furthermore, Freud suggested that our dreams are usually compromised of unconscious sexual wishes or desires that are not acceptable to consciously wish or desire for. By dreaming, we are able to control and satisfy the desires or wishes while still keeping them in an unconscious state of mind. In Freudian therapy, our dreams would be analyzed for inherent sexual foundations. "
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Sigmund Freud, 2002.
A brief bio of Sigmund Freud.
1,775 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the teachings of Sigmund Freud, particularly that of the id, ego, and superego. Society's relevance and inclusion in analyzing the teachings of Sigmund Freud is necessary.
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Albert Ellis & Carl Rogers, 1997.
Compares psychologists' views on personality & abnormal behavior. Cognitive vs. phenomenological approaches, psychopathology, childhood and self-actualization.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
" Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to review two models of personality and abnormal behavior: (1) the cognitive model of Albert Ellis (Ellis, 1979, 1989), and (2) the phenomenological model of Carl Rogers (Rogers, 1961, 1972, 1977). Each models is discussed in terms of its position regarding normal personalty development or normal mental health, and its position regarding the development of psychopathology.
This discussion of normal and abnormal processes is followed by a section in which similarities and differences between the two models are delineated. The final section of the paper presents a commentary in which the strengths and weaknesses of each model are addressed.
Albert Ellis' Cognitive Model.."
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