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The Siege of Antioch in Film, 2005.
A movie proposal for a film about the Siege of Antioch.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
"In this paper, a film proposal is presented about the Crusades. It looks at how the siege of Antioch began in 1097 and lasted for two years and how the city had some of the most infamous battle scenes and stratagems, which would outshine any of the latter battles or conquests that would follow. "
From the Paper
"During the First Crusades Bohemond of Tarentum was a pivotal and important figure in gaining access to the "Holy Land" during the early part of the 12th century. Conceptualized by Pope Urban II in 1095, the Crusades become an important part of western historical warfare (Stearns 140), which brought Bohemond and his Christian compatriots to take away Jerusalem from the Muslims in the name of Christ. The "Siege of Antioch" was a critical, violent, and important battle, which represents the apogee of success for the Crusaders in taking the Levant from the Arabs. After Pope Urban had sent off Bohemond and the other princes from various regents in France and Germany, there was great hardship that awaited them. Not only did they have to fight the Arabs, but they also had to deal with Alexius I, the emperor of the Byzantine Empire."
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"State of Siege", 2007.
An examination of "State of Siege," a 1972 film by Costa-Gavras.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the film "State of Siege" about the interrogation and assassination of a CIA case officer by unnamed South American urban revolutionaries. The paper reveals that its story is based on real-life events in Uruguay when a U.S. Agency for International Development (AID) official, Dan Mitrione, was kidnapped by the Tupamoros (a left-wing urban guerrilla group) and eventually executed. This paper offers a summary of the movie and discusses how far it has depicted the real life events by researching who the Tupamoros and Dan Mitrione really were. The paper notes that the film is criticized for being biased against the Americans, but concludes that it is largely an accurate portrayal of events that took place in Uruguay in 1970.
Outline:
Summary of the Film
American Criticism of the Film
The Tupamaros
Who was Dan Mitrione?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Gavras then uses his familiar technique of flashbacks, rapid cross-cutting from one location to another and aggressive background music (also used in Gavras' other notable films, "Z" and "The Confession") to create chilling suspense and to move the film forward at a relentless pace. We are shown a flashbacks of the kidnapping of Santore by the young guerillas; interspersed with scenes of the local (read Uruguay) Parliament arguing over the existence of a paralegal police death squad, back to the rebels' interrogation of Santore, evidence of America's interference in South American politics and so on and so forth until the film ends with a scene of another American AID official being received at the airport, watched by a defiant face (a member of the Tupamoros, perhaps?)--signifying the continuance of the frustrating cycle despite what has just taken place."
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The Siege of Masada, 2005.
This essay examines the reliability of Josephus' account of the siege of Masada.
2,978 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to present an unbiased evaluation of the reliability of Josephus account of the siege of Masada and contends that Josephus account is certainly not entirely false; however the account of the suicide itself is also shown to be a likely alteration of events with a grain of truth.
From the Paper
"Furthermore, the mass-suicide may be seen as one such 'exaggeration' because it was not uncommon for accounts in ancient literature to end in such a manner. Cohen also notes that the ending of a story with mass suicide was evident among many prominent writers. Among those whom he lists is Livy, who has already been shown to embellish his writings in a similar manner to Josephus. In one story, Livy describes how P. Decius Mus devoted himself to the gods of the underworld in return for a Roman victory, and hurled himself into the midst of the enemy battle line as a sacrifice . It is most likely that the devotio of Decius Mus is legendary, and is confused with the action of his son at Sentinum in 295 B.C., who is also reputed to have acted similarly . This is but one of many instances where classical writers conclude a story with suicide. As a result of this contextual examination, it becomes clear that Josephus' story of the mass-suicide has been moulded, if not totally created, as a result of literary traditions of the ancient world."
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The Siege at Khartoum, 2005.
This paper describes in detail the 1885 siege at Khartoum, Egyptian Sudan, of the troops of British Major-General Charles Gordon by the insurgent Sudanese rebels lead by Mohammed Ahmed, the Mahdi.
3,200 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that British Major-General Charles Gordon arrived in Khartoum in 1884 with instructions to evacuate the garrison and to attempt to organize an independent government to take over. The author points out that, before he could proceed to implement his plans, the city was besieged by Mohammed Ahmed, the Mahdi; a relief column was fatally delayed by the British government and Gordon was killed. The paper concludes that, when Gordon's journals were published, he became a hero, eventually bringing down the Gladstone government.
From the Paper
"Gordon continued to underestimate the Mahdi's strength, and when an old friend of Gordon's, now a captive, sent word that the Mahdi had some 40,000 riflemen ready to attack, Gordon wouldn't believe it. One of Gordon's steamers had foundered on the river and the British officers on board killed. The Mahdi delighted in sending to Gordon one of his captured letters. He taunted Gordon for expecting a relief column. He now knew that there was no relief column. And, later, when a steamer did arrive in Khartoum, there were neither troops nor supplies on board. As the siege wore on, and horses had to be slaughtered for food, Gordon tried to keep up a brave front, telling the townspeople that a relief column was on the way, and would soon arrive. Out of ammunition and food, Omdurman fell to the Mahdi's troops. The Mahdi sent one last offer to Gordon, telling him that the Brisih offered to ransom him alone for 20,000 pounds Sterling. He told Gordon he would return him to the British without asking for a single farthing."
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School of Antioch, 2005.
This paper looks at the School of Antioch and discusses its impact on Christianity.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 21 sources, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This article serves as a discussion of the School of Antioch and its influence on emergent Christianity. The writer discusses the ecclesiastical development of Christianity. In this paper, the writer also looks at the historical context of the School of Antioch. Further, the writer examines why it became important and why it was later eclipsed.
From the Paper
" The purpose of this research is to examine the importance of the School of Antioch in the ecclesiastical development of Christianity. The plan of the research will be to set forth the historical context in which the school of Antioch emerged and then to discuss the reasons it both became important to the evolution of Christianity and the reasons it was eclipsed by maturing doctrinal and institutional structures of the Church. In part the apostolic and patristic periods of Christianity can be discerned by way of careful selective ... "
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Stalingrad, 2007.
A review of the validity of "Stalingrad: The Fateful Siege: 1942-1943," written by Antony Beevor.
1,739 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the events that occurred in Stalingrad according to "Stalingrad: The Fateful Siege: 1942-1943," written by Antony Beevor. The paper reviews the style and historical content of Beevor's book and analyzes the validity of Beevor's opinions as expressed in the work. The paper suggests that the way that Beevor relates his knowledge and understanding is where he falls short, however that it is still a worth-while read.
From the Paper
"This would be fine, if it was not for the fact that Beevor does seek merely to relay the facts but to depict the distance and mistakes of two egotistical and often maniacal dictators. The influence of the Soviet people on the outcome of the war, and the undying, unwavering, refuse to surrender Red Army soldier is one area that Beevor does accurately and effectively depict his point. It is therefore without a doubt that Beevor understands this conflict to the fullest. There are many interesting anecdotes, stories, and effective primary research. It is in the way that Beevor relates his knowledge and understanding where he falls short, and while this detracts from the readability and emotional impact of Stalingrad, it does not completely ruin the effectiveness of the comprehensive and in depth look at one of the most significant battles of the 20th century."
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Warfare in the American Civil War, 2004.
Discusses the Siege of Petersburg and its effect on the warfare of the Civil War.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The conduct of warfare underwent many dramatic changes over the course of the Civil War, which lasted from 1861-1865. In the early years, the battlefield was dynamic, and the armies maneuvered and engaged at will; many units, especially Confederate, fielding smooth-bore muskets and cannon. As these weapons were improved with rifling, their effective killing distance became greater. This paper examines how the most dramatic change in the way warfare was conducted came during the Battle of Petersburg (1864-65). The paper shows how this siege was militarily significant in that it began the trend of the trench warfare that changed the way warfare was conducted during World War I.
From the Paper
"This tactic became outdated with the development of improved firearm technology in the mid-19th century. When the American Civil War began in 1861, it was fought with similar weapons and tactics that had been used for many centuries. By the time the war ended in 1865, it was seen as a foreshadowing of World War I?complete with trenches, machine guns, field fortifications, and massive casualties. The Battle of Petersburg near the end of the war with its trenches and static formations, changed the strategies of warfare, as it was radically different that early battles such as the First Battle of Bull Run where maneuver was still possible, and famous charges such as Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg, demonstrated the military uselessness of a direct assault on an opposing line."
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Petersburg and the Civil War, 2004.
An examination of the impact of the Siege of Petersburg on the American Civil War.
857 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
A brief look at the way in which the Siege of Petersburg was a turning point for the American Civil War. It provides some basic details about the battle, as well as the movements and considerations of the military leaders.
From the Paper
"The Siege of Petersburg was a long, bloody and terrible ordeal for those involved on the front lines, and it was also a time of terror for the Southerners who lay in the path of destruction caused by Sherman and the Union troops. It was a skillful and somewhat lucky attack on the part of the Union, which was able to keep Lee distracted long enough to get him trapped. Petersburg was a key location because of the railroad lines that ran through it, its proximity to large rivers, and of course because it was so close to the Confederate capitol. Without their brilliant leader, the Confederate troops were unable to organize and properly complete missions, and their morale was crushed by the Union?s successes. This was truly a turning point of the war that led quite directly to Lee?s surrender and the Union victory."
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Theologies, Church Order And Liturgy In The Ancient World, 2002.
Discussion of the history and origins of the differences in Christology between Antioch and Alexandria.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper discusses how the essential doctrinal and theological differences between Antioch and Alexandria were defined by the basic teachings of Christology. In Antioch it can be summed up that the essential humanity of Christ and his teachings were espoused in all forms of belief and doctrinal worship, in Alexandria Christ's spiritual and God like nature was stressed. These essential differences formed the basis of the rivalry that existed in the early centuries of the first millennium.
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Crusades, 1992.
A look at the military history including strategy, manpower, Islamic-European cross influences, cavalry, infantry, sieges and fortresses.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the military history of the Crusades. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context of Middle Ages military convention at the time of the Crusades, and then to discuss how the Crusades were initially fought militarily, how military strategy and practice changed over the course of the many crusades and why, and the influences on military practice that occurred because of the encounter between Islamic military and wider culture on one hand, and European warfare and weaponry on the other.
By the time of the Middle Ages, the principal military fact about Europe appears to have been that indigenous European forces deriving from the Imperial Roman infantry had for various reasons been overwhelmed by the barbarian innovation and advantage of armed cavalry. This innovation was gradually adopted in Europe..."
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Nation, State, Citizenship, 2005.
An analysis of contemporary issues relating to citizenship in modern democratic societies.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 11 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines modern democratic societies, and discusses how liberal democratic principles are at odds with the model of citizenship held by modern nation-states. The paper shows that conflicts and disputes have arisen because universalistic claims of liberalism and democracy appear to be incompatible with the exclusionary, boundary-staking functions of citizenship laws and policies of the contemporary nation-states. Subsequently, nation-states are under siege from several directions as they struggle to reconcile universal principles of liberalism and democracy with modern political realities.
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Wounded Knee 1973, 2007.
This paper explores the Wounded Knee incident of 1973 and discusses the actions by the participants and the government during that time.
3,706 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the events leading up to the Wounded Knee incident and recreates the atmosphere that prevailed before the stand off began. The writer notes that during the 71 day siege at Wounded Knee in 1973, Americans were re-introduced to the plight of the American Indians as media coverage brought hour by hour descriptions of the demands made by those who lead the charge. The writer then describes how thousands of Native-Americans joined together to try and force the American government to change some of the basic problems that were prevalent on reservations not only near Wounded Knee but across the nation. The writer concludes that today, Wounded Knee still serves as an example of the undercurrent of anger many Native Americans feel about the way the government has treated them since first taking over this land.
Outline:
Introduction
Leading Up to Wounded Knee
Wounded Knee Begins
The Demands
The End
Conclusion
End Notes
From the Paper
"Before one can begin to fully understand the impact that Wounded Knee had on the nation and the participants one needs to have an understanding on the events and problems that led up to the siege.
While the Native Americans and the supporters of their people had long been angry over the treatment by the American government when it came to their culture, history and daily life there were several events that worked as a catalyst to lead up to the actual siege at Wounded Knee . The snowball of events begin in 1972 when a young native American named Raymond Yellow Thunder was abducted by two ranchers. Raymond Yellow Thunder was a member of the Oglala Sioux Tribe and had been kidnapped and taken to a dance at an American Legion Hall in Gordon Nebraska. While there participants in his abuse forced him to strip his clothes off and dance naked while audience members threw lit cigarettes beneath his feet to force him to continue dancing."
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Political Lobbying and the European Union, 2007.
This paper uses the case of the "No Software Patents" lobbying alliance in the European Union (EU) to investigate the theory and practice of political lobbying.
8,210 words (approx. 32.8 pages), 41 sources, APA, $ 175.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that an updated version of "lobbying" is all forms of interactions designed to advocate particular ideas, persuade decision-makers to adopt certain perspectives and ultimately to influence policy through the exchange of information, alliance building, formal and informal contact and planned and unplanned relationships. The author points out that, of the European Union (EU)countries, software patents are really of interest only to Ireland; therefore, the amount of attention given by the players in the European Parliament must have been influenced by the agents of lobbying and their relationship to other actors as well as the whole institutional framework for the purpose of lobbying. The paper stresses that this case study shows that gaining direct access to the EU institutions is one of the major conditions for exerting influence on the policy making process.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Developments in the Discipline
Theories, Assumptions and Evidence
EU Institutions under Lobbyist Siege
The Case Study
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Council of Ministers is both executive and legislature. The interests of the different Member States meet in the Council and are at the basis of intensive bargaining activities among them.The Council is responsible for the implementation of EU legislation and policy decisions together with the Commission. The Council is increasingly sharing its legislative powers with the European Parliament. It is the Council's task to amend and decide on legislation by reaching a decision that is acceptable to all or at least a majority.
"If groups gain access to the Council, they have to present information that can facilitate the bargaining process among the Member States in terms of Bouwen's (2002) domestic encompassing index (DEI). The influence of national interests prevails in the Council and it is therefore crucial for the Member States to identify their national or domestic interest. While keeping in mind common goals, the representatives of member states focus on promoting their national interests. The Member States of the Council therefore have very strong demand for information about the DEI. Thus the access to DEI supplies the MSs information about the needs and interests on the domestic front and thereby allows them to identify their national interest."
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Sun Tzu's "The Art of War", 2008.
Analyzes, chapter by chapter, Sun Tzu's military treatise from the 6th century B.C., "The Art of War", based on Thomas Cleary's translation.
2,175 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" is an in-depth collection of the strategic, operational and tactical nature of warfare and military strategies and tactics. The author relates that this ancient military book "The Art of War" has been adopted in various business and management milieus. In first reading, the military aspects are prominent; however, the paper states that the reader realizes that this book is also Sun Tzu's diary because what he wrote was not based on theories or suppositions but rather were his every day experiences.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Chapter I. Strategic Assessments
Chapter II. Doing Battle
Chapter III. Planning a Siege
Chapter IV. Formation
Chapter V. Force
Chapter VI. Emptiness and Fullness
Chapter VII. Armed Struggle
Chapter VIII. Adaptations
Chapter IX. Maneuvering Armies
Chapter X. Terrain
Chapter XI. Nine Grounds
Chapter XII. Fire Attack
Chapter XIII. On the Use of Spies
Perspectives and Opinions
From the Paper
"Warfare is not a static or constant affair. It is instead and fluid and continuous engagement despite the lull perceive at times. The term "fog of war" is apropos to the reality of engaging the enemy wherein constant movement and engagement numbs the mind at times and it fails to determine who it is fighting. Thus, warfare should be fluid in a way that the better general controls and dictates the fluidity of the movement. Like an orchestra conductor, he must know the total meaning of the music and be able to call out each and any member of the orchestra at the right time to bring harmony to the song."
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The Alamo and America's Image of Itself, 2008.
A comparison of the events that occurred at the Alamo with their portrayal in the movies named, "The Alamo" that were subsequently made.
761 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses America's image of itself over the siege and slaughter at the Alamo, as portrayed in the movies named, "The Alamo." The paper compares the historical accounts of the events that occurred at the Alamo with the way that these events were portrayed in the movies. It also looks at the role that Davy Crockett played in the defense.
From the Paper
"Finally, there is a lesson that America should learn from the Alamo. Desperate courage can carry men to feats far beyond what could reasonably be expected of them. This is not a trait exclusive to Americans. The defenders at the Alamo were hopelessly outnumbered, but fought with the savagery of men committed to their struggle. Although the Mexican army prevailed, the losses ran to some 1,600 men dead, including many of the finest soldiers. Although able to recruit some replacements during the campaign, the Mexican army was losing men, materials, and morale even as it managed its victories as it marched towards San Jacinto. In 2007 in Iraq, the United States faces a group of men fighting for their land, against a vastly technologically superior force of invaders. With their technology and firepower, the Americans can win every battle. Should we, like Santa Anna, feel entirely confident of final victory?"
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