| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "SICKLE CELL PAIN MANAGEMENT": |
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Sickle Cell Pain Management, 2005.
Literature review for the management of sickle cell disease pain.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of Sickle Cell disease, discussing major concerns associated with the disease including that of pain management. The paper reviews a number of studies about the management of sickle cell disease pain.
From the Paper
"Sickle cell disease is common in the United States among African-Americans. Pain is a problem associated with sickle cell disease which occurs when blood vessels become clogged with sickle shaped red blood cells that are hard and sticky, preventing blood from flowing through the veins. A clogged blood vessel is called an occlusion and occlusions in blood vessels can..."
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Pain Management, 2005.
A discussion of the challenges of pain management in sickle cell diseases.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 8 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses pain management, particularly in sickle cell disease. The paper describes the way that effective pain management can not only reduce physical discomfort, but also promote quality of life. The paper then describes the challenges of managing pain in sickle cell diseases, where the pain is chronic, however also has acute episodes.
From the Paper
"Lived Experience of Sickle Cell Disease and Health Promotion Introduction Effective pain management not only reduces physical discomfort but also promotes quality of life. Nurses have the ethical and professional duty of managing pain and enhancing quality of life for their patients. However, with sickle cell disease, since chronic pain is combined with episodes of acute pain, pain management becomes a real challenge (Tanyi, 2003). The research question underlying this literature review is: how can a patient's pain be adequately managed and their quality of life improved during a hospital stay? The phenomenon of interest in this paper is pain management and how it is the key for improving quality of life."
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Sickle Cell Disease, 2006.
A discussion of the pathology and treatment of sickle cell disease.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed overview of sickle cell disease, an inherited disease of the red blood cells, which is present from birth. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the history of the disease, including its discovery. Next the paper investigates the pathophysiological aspects of the disease, presenting the information in easy-to-understand layman terms. The paper then discusses how sickle cell disease affects sufferers physically. Finally the paper presents and evaluates treatment options.
Outline:
Historical Perspective
Pathophysiological Basics of Sickle Cell Disease
Physical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease
Treatment options for Sickle Cell Disease
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Before one can speak in depth on sickle cell disease itself, one must understand the basic pathophysiology which surrounds the condition. Hemoglobin is a protein carried by red cells, which carries oxygen from the lungs for delivery to peripheral tissues. It is composed of two similar proteins, alpha and beta. It is the coordinated action of the alpha and beta globin chains which allow the oxygen transport to occur. These two chains combine to form hemoglobin. During life, except during the very first week of embryonic development, one of the globin chains in an alpha. A developing fetus also has another chain which is a gamma globin; sometimes called non-alpha is present in the fetal circulation. The gamma globin is replaced shortly after birth with the beta, which then chains with the alpha. When two alpha chains combine with two gamma chains, this is called Hemoglobin F, or the common hemoglobin of fetal circulation. Adult hemoglobin, formed of two alpha and beta chains is called Hemoglobin A. If one alpha and one non-alpha chain combine, then this two chain combination is called a dimer and it not functional enough to deliver oxygen to tissues."
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Sickle Cell Disease, 2002.
This paper deals with sickle-cell disease (SCD, also known as sickle cell anemia) from a genetic point of view.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that the disease and its genetic trait do not conform well to the traditional model of genetic inheritance, which required that the medical establishment rethink its ideas about genetic concepts like "dominant" and "recessive". The author points out that it often occurs in areas rife with malaria, and may be linked to an increased protection from severe malaria. The paper includes: symptoms of SCD, treatments and gene therapies, and demographics.
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Sickle Cell Anemia, 2006.
An in-depth look at sickle cell anemia.
2,929 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses sickle cell anemia. According to the paper, sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. Sickle cell anemia is in essence a condition in which there is insufficient healthy blood cells to convey oxygen to the body.
Outline:
Definition and Description
Inheritance and Genetics
Incidence
Symptoms
Brief Historical Overview
Prognosis and Treatment
From the Paper
"In order for sickle cell anemia to manifest itself the presence of two defective genes ( SS) are needed. In other words, if two parents are the carriers of one sickle hemoglobin gene (S) as well as a single normal cell ( A) then each chills born for these parents will have a "...25% chance of inheriting two defective genes and having sickle cell anemia; a 25% chance of inheriting two normal genes and not having the disease; and a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like the parents." (New Hope for People with Sickle Cell Anemia)"
"Individuals who have only one copy of the mutation are said to have sickle cell trait. These people are usually healthy but can transmit the disease to their children. This aspect is clarified by the fact that, "Sickle Cell trait (AS) is an inherited condition in which both hemoglobin A and S are produced in the red blood cells, always more A than S. Sickle cell trait is not a type of sickle cell disease. People with sickle cell trait are generally healthy." (What is Sickle Cell Disease?)"
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Biochemistry and Genetics of Sickle-Cell Anemia, 2006.
Presents an overview of sickle-cell anemia, looking at current treatment of the disease, its prognosis and promising treatments on the horizon.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Sickle cell anemia is a devastatingly painful and fatal disease that strikes those of African-American heritage at a disproportionate rate. After a brief discussion on the generalities of the disease, diagnostics, treatment and prognosis, this paper examines the biochemical and genetic influences of the disease and offers suggestions for further research efforts. Advances in biochemical knowledge and technology are taking research on sickle cell anemia to the next level; however, advances in genetics are even more remarkable. This paper highlights one of the most recent and promising genetic fixes for those afflicted and at risk for sickle cell anemia.
From the Paper
"According to the National Human Genome Research Institute ("Learning About," 2005) sickle cell disease "is the most common inherited blood disorder in the United States." The disease strikes 1:12 African Americans who are parented by two disease carriers who pass on a mutated hemoglobin-Beta gene found on chromosome 11 ("Learning About," 2005). Until recently, sickle cell disease was thought to be a death sentence with most victims not living beyond 20 years of age and the rest generally not living past the age of 50 (Taher & Kazzi, 2005). With new treatments, such as hydroxyurea, victims of the sickle cell genetic mutation are not living past 50 ("Learning About," 2005). After a brief disease profile that includes a discussion of disease pathology, biochemical and genetic influences, diagnostics, treatment and prognosis. Advances in biochemical knowledge and technology are taking research on sickle cell anemia to the next level;"
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Sickle Cell Anemia, 2008.
This paper discusses the genetic condition of sickle cell anemia.
826 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the genetic condition of sickle cell anemia, a life-long condition that causes defective red blood cells, which form sickle cell shapes upon becoming deoxygenated, rather than maintaining the usual disc shape. The writer explains that the deformity in shape prevents the red cells from moving easily through the blood vessels as normal cells would. The sickle-shaped cells tend to form clumps in the blood vessels and prevent the healthy cells from getting through. The writer discusses symptoms and diagnosis of the disorder as well as a possible therapy that mainly focuses on relieving the symptoms associated with the condition.
Outline:
Introduction
Genetics
Mechanism
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Therapy
From the Paper
"The main problems which will put the patient at risk in sickle cell disease are the sickle cell crises. These are an issue not only to the severe pain which they cause but also due to the damage which the blockage of blood vessels can cause when they occur in or around an organ. Pulmonary complications are a particular problem for sufferers of sickle cell disease, which are caused in this manner. Bacterial infections are also a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell sufferers as the function of the spleen is usually either compromised or entirely absent. Splenic sequestration is one of the most serious complications of sickle cell disease, in which the spleen swells and causes a significant drop in hemoglobin levels."
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Sickle Cell Anemia, 2008.
This paper discusses the dynamics of the condition known as sickle cell anemia.
1,568 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the molecular genetics of sickle cell anemia and how this disorder alters the red cell's function of homeostasis. The paper relates that the sickle cell gene is spread widely throughout Africa, the Middle East and India and countries in which there are large numbers of African immigrants, including the United States. The paper includes a map (as an appendix) that shows the regions of the world in which the sickle cell gene is most commonly found.
Outline:
Introduction
Molecular Genetics
Metabolic Pathways
Homeostasis
Population Dynamics
Evolution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are a number of hereditary anemias, which feature disorders of the structure or synthesis of hemoglobin, deficiencies of enzymes which provide energy to red blood cells or protect the red blood cells from damage, or abnormalities in the proteins found in the cell membranes of red blood cells. Inherited diseases of hemoglobin are the most important, and these are termed hemoglobinopathies; it is into this category that sickle cell anemia falls. Sickle cell anemia has a genetic basis, and was the first genetic disease to be characterized at the molecular level (Ingram, 2004"
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Sickle Cell Anemia, 2004.
An analysis of sickle cell anemia, an inherited blood disorder of defective hemoglobin.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the inherited blood disorder of sickle cell anemia. The paper presents the statistics of the prevalence of this disorder in the United States and outlines the populations that are most affected by the disease. The paper examines the genotypic and phenotypic expressions of the sickle cell trait. The paper explores the belief that sickle hemoglobin evolved as a protection against malaria.
From the Paper
"Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder in which hemoglobin is defective (Genetic disease profile: Sickle cell anemia). After hemoglobin molecules give up their oxygen, some cluster together and form long, rod-like structures. These structures cause red blood cells to become stiff and assume a sickle shape that makes it difficult for them to squeeze through small blood vessels. As a result, they stack up and cause blockages that deprive organs and tissues of oxygen-carrying blood. Sickle cell anemia affects millions world wide (Genetic disease profile: Sickle cell anemia). It is the most common among people whose ancestors come from sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking regions (South America, Cuba, Central America); Saudi Arabia; India; and Mediterranean countries such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy."
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Newborn Screening for Sickle Cell Disease, 2008.
This paper focuses on the importance of neonatal screening for sickle cell disease.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that while researchers and the medical field are very concerned about this disease, nurses, other health providers and governments, Ontario's in particular, are not aware of the nature of sickle cell disease. The paper explains the factors that prevent individuals and groups from focusing on sickle cell disease as a significant issue. The paper discusses how neonatal screening identifies people at risk and allows for preventive measures to be taken. The paper shows how this is cost-effective because it will result in high savings for the health care system later on. The paper discusses how advocacy and a major program of health promotion could promote this issue of neonatal screening.
From the Paper
"In comparison with the United States, Canada is inconsistent in relation to newborn screening. Ontario especially is far behind other countries in this type of screening (Eggertson, 2005). Pediatricians, physicians, along with experts in sickle cell disease and thalessemia, are asking for a comprehensive program for newborn screening that will include the 29 treatable conditions recommended by the U.S. advisory committee. This is one area in which health professionals as a whole have failed to lobby, even though it involves primary prevention. Meanwhile researchers are struggling to find assessment tools to identify high risks for sickle cell disease. The issue here is that while researchers and the medical field are very concerned about this disease, nurses and other health providers along with the government - especially the Ontario government - are not aware of the nature of sickle cell disease."
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Sickle Cell Retinopathy, 2004.
A brief analysis of sickle cell retinopathy.
704 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses sickle cell disease, a genetic disorder that manifests itself in all body systems. Although some authors have questioned whether retinopathy is actually a sickle cell trait, ocular manifestations may be severe, including sudden blindness. The paper discusses the surgical treatment that is indicated once retinopathy advances to the proliferative stage and contends that several treatment options may be utilized, but should be chosen to meet the patient's medical history and disease severity.
From the Paper
"Sickle cell hemoglobinopathy encompasses a group of inherited genetic disorders, which cause erythrocytes to sickle and adversely affect multiple organ systems. The sickled erythrocytes lead to microvascular occlusion, which affects the peripheral retinal vasculature and results in retinal ischemia and development of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy. If this series of events does not stabilize or reverse, the end-stage results may be retinal infarction and/or detachment 1."
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Sickle-Cell Anemia, 2007.
A case study of a 37-year old African-American male with a diagnosed case of sickle-cell anemia.
1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper is a case study of a 37-year old African-American male with a diagnosed case of sickle-cell anemia who presents himself to the emergency department with changes in sensorium of two days duration. It examines his symptoms, follows his admission procedure and discusses the virulence factors of sickle-cell anemia.
From the Paper
"Upon admission, he was stretcher-borne and noted to be unconscious and unresponsive to verbal commands but localized painful stimuli. Vital signs were: HR 104, RR 25, BP 126/78, T 102oF. Physical examination was significant for nuchal rigidity, Brudzinski's and Kernig's sign. A limited neurological examination revealed no papilledema, bilateral hyperreflexia and dorsifexion of the big toe; no localizing signs were noted. A peripheral line was immediately established and a ceftriaxone loading dose was given followed by vancomycin. A non-contrast cranial CT scan revealed a resolving paranasal sinusitis; no mass lesions or midline shifts were noted. "
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Sickle Cell Crisis Patient, 2005.
A case study examination of history taking of developmental milestones for a young sickle cell crisis patient.
1,206 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates a scenario using history-taking techniques that include culture, religion and developmental milestones of a young sickle cell crisis patient. The paper focuses on the specific information in the evaluation and includes physical milestones, gross and fine motor skills, language and social development for the patient's particular age group.
Table of Contents:
Patient History Scenario and Sickle Cell Disease
Culture and Religion
History Taking and Developmental Milestones
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The assessment of the patient is inadequate hydration and caloric intake. Damon exhibits extreme fatigue from dehydration and an inability to rest well. Triggering events that have been known to cause a sickle cell crisis and pain are: becoming overheated, dehydration, increased physical activity, and inadequate sleep and rest (Pain in sickle cell disease, n.d.). Damon experienced all those events. Damon was given fluids in the emergency room, pain medication, and instructed to participate in football practice only one time per day and not until all the pain had subsided. The parents were instructed to keep a close watch on Damon during the practices and to make sure he had the proper fluid and caloric intake, along with good rest habits."
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T- Cell B-Cell Collaborations in the Immune System, 2001.
A descriptive overview of the vertebrate adaptive immune response to both intra and extra-cellular pathogens with explicit focus on T-cell B-cell collaboration and antibody response.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper covers the major pathways by which foreign antigens are identified and dealt with through the adaptive immune response which is paramount on B-cell and T-cell responses and interaction with one another in distinct pathways and steps. It includes several diagrams and their explanations of antigens, B-Cells, T-Cells, APC's and more and their interactions and processes they go through.
From the Paper
"All immune responses involving T-cell B-cell collaborations follow distinct pathways of interactions and development. These very pathways of the adaptive immune response are almost entirely dependant on the cellular interaction of B- cells and T- cells with one another. It is within each stage of these pathways and the progression of an adaptive immune response that we will concern ourselves. The following is a condensed synopsis of the adaptive immune response and the cellular interactions that will be the emphasis of this paper. Within secondary lymph tissues foreign antigen is presented to naive B-cells via their surface immunoglobulins (Igs) receptors. The same antigen is also presented to naive T-cells at this time. This presentation and subsequent recognition of antigen by both types of cells results in and end product of proliferation and development of naive B-cells into plasma cells whose function is the production of soluble immunoglobulins (antibodies), and the differentiation and development of memory B-cells whose function is to respond to subsequent exposure to the same antigen. However, this pathway is not self-sufficient and requires the direct interaction of activated T-cells, specifically ?helper? T-cells (Th2 cells) 1,9. It is these T-cells in conjunction with the antigen presenting B-cells that interact to produce a hormonal response to infection. These interactions activate Th2 cells that in turn promote B-cell activation both through T-cell secreted cytokines, (interlukeinI1-2, 4 and 5), and also through direct cell to cell contacts involving specific surface proteins and corresponding receptors and the signaling initiated by the binding of these proteins to one another."
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Self-Care Management for Vulnerable Populations, 2008.
A critique of the theory of self-care management for vulnerable populations and its practical application for those afflicted with sickle cell disease.
1,162 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Coretta Dorsey and Carolyn Murdaugh's theory of self-care management for vulnerable populations, in particular those afflicted with sickle cell disease. It begins by reviewing sickle cell disease. It then explores the five intra-personal factors to empower the less privileged of society with the personal tools to combat the adverse symptoms of the affliction. The paper compares the practical application of the theory to similar theories and finally provides a critical judgment on the theory.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Critique of the Theory of Self-Care Management for Vulnerable Populations
From the Paper
"The theory that Self-Care Management will increase health status and quality of life while reducing the urgent need for crisis episode intervention appears to be superficially self-evident. The basic concept of a good positive mental outlook, coupled together with increased self-esteem, armed with knowledge and a supportive social network is the recipe for success in most self-help seminars. This is generally accepted as true, and the authors of the theory provide of their theory through extensive research references, not the anecdotal testimonies associated with the above referenced seminars. Further, comparison to these self-help gurus is not meant to diminish the theory, or bring disrepute, the parallels are draw because, by a large part, those that properly practice these self-help techniques are successful in their endeavors. These intra-personal factors can be applied to any adverse personal circumstance, health related or other. The research is as sound as it is extensive, however the practical application of the theory is where the proponents made what may be fatal errors."
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