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Civil Society and NGOs in Russia, 2004.
A discussion on how non-governmental organisations represent the essence of civil society in Russia.
17,787 words (approx. 71.1 pages), 44 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper aims to assess the concept of civil society through the system of public organisations which are believed to be the essence of civil society. It provides a short overview of existing theoretical trends in terms of relation of civil society with state and economy. It also looks at the theoretical school that presents civil society as a sphere of social interactions between the state and economy and how it is found to be the most acute and reflecting the true relations between society structures.
Outline
Content
Abstract
Introduction
Part I. Theoretical Background
A Historical Overview of the Concept of Civil Society
The Reasons For Civil Society?s Existence
The Middle Class in Russia
Economic Conditions
Private Interests
Part II. From Civil Society to NGOs
Civil Society is Vital for a Sustainable Democracy?
Society Structure
The Essence of the Third Sector. Main Definitions
Distinctive Features of the Third Sector in Russia
Classifications of the Third Sector Organisations
Ngo Reality In Russia
Empirical Studies of the Third Sector
General Representation and Possible Tendencies
Conclusions
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Since the beginning of the transformation in the countries of Eastern and Central Europe, as well as in the former USSR, the new wave of attention arose in regards to the issue of civil society, its necessity for the building democracies and making society and the regime stronger. Today, an endless number of books are devoted to the problem of the concept of civil society, its history, the way it influences the democratic transformations and making democracies sustainable. Also attempts to define the term and find a proper and perfect place for it in the society system are made. In this paper, I will not try to write another textbook or go into deep criticism of selected works on civil society. Only a brief overview of the theories is necessary to present as a background, or the first ?basement? level of the work."
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Stronger than Society?, 2006.
An analysis of the short story "Shooting an Elephant" by George Orwell and the essay "Doublespeak" by William Lutz.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper studies George Orwell's short story "Shooting an Elephant" and William Lutz's essay "Doublespeak" to determine whether an individual can be stronger than the society in which he or she lives. The paper chose these two works since both look at aspects of society that are sometimes difficult to comprehend. The paper summarizes that in "Shooting the Elephant", the character who hates the society that condemns another must ultimately conform to it in order to ensure his own survival. "Doublespeak" discusses how our society creates 'gobbledygook' for communication in order to cover up and confuse a myriad of societal issues. Asking what these works say about choice in our society, the paper asserts that we learn from them that choice is difficult, and sometimes impossible. The paper concludes that a society which provides few choices to its members is a society that will not survive.
From the Paper
"In the end, it is true that most individuals can indeed be stronger than the society where they live. If society is oppressive, there are always those who will hope to change it. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Gandhi are two relatively modern day examples of individuals who have been stronger than the society that oppressed and condemned them. Are Luther and Gandhi so different from the rest of society? Perhaps. It is not hard to see that in these two works; society seems stronger than the participants in the drama. In Orwell's short story, the narrator despises the British imperialistic government, but when surrounded by an angry mob of natives (society), he realizes that he must do something he does not want to do, (shoot the elephant), or the mob will probably murder him. However, it is clear this man is weak because his biggest worry is that the mob will "laugh" at him. Thus, this narrator is not as strong as the society that surrounds him. Some people might be able to persuade the mob to come around to their way of thinking, but it seems the narrator is not that strong, and so, in this case anyway, the society is stronger than he is, and he must submit to society's wishes, rather than his own."
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Rap Music and Society, 2004.
A look at the influence of rap music on modern society.
1,146 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how rap music currently enjoys the status of mouthpiece for society's rebels and how, since the music of Elvis, various forms of music have pushed the boundaries of acceptability and decency in culture. It provides a short historical overview of this musical genre, followed by a consideration of its significance for society. It shows that, while it is true that some rap artists have broken rules and norms, not only in their music, but also in their lifestyles, it is also true that other rap musicians attempt to use their art to uplift society.
From the Paper
"Rap artists such as Eminem (Marshall Mathers), Ice Tea, and others have reveled in the controversy raised by their explicit and violent lyrics. According to Fields, the results of social shortcomings are portrayed in the darkest and most explicit way possible by many rap artists. This serves not only as a window to the sad childhood worlds many of these artists come from, but also as an incentive to uphold and fight for conservative social values. Indeed, broken families where the father is absent, children illegitimate, and welfare the only income, more often than not make the world in which the average rapper grew up. The desperate alienation created by this situation finds its expression in violent rap lyrics (Fields)."
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Individual vs. Society, 2002.
A review of literature that focuses on class differences within society.
2,407 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews a number of literary works as they relate to the conflict between the individual and the group, between the individual and his or her society. Many writers delve into this theme in different terms, but often the conflict can be discerned in terms of class differences. The writer uses pieces of poetry, prose and drama to delve into this issue and explore the racial and class differences faced by individuals within each society. The literature analyzed includes: Edwin Arlington Robinson's "Richard Cory", "Barn Burning" by William Faulkner, Ellison's "The Invisible Man" and a number of short stories by Sherwood Anderson.
From the Paper
"One of the major poems suggesting first that there is a sense of social class in America and second that the hierarchy masks reality is Edwin Arlington Robinson's "Richard Cory." In this poem, one of the favored of the town, someone whom everyone looks up to and who seems to have everything that everyone else wants, proves that we can never really be sure of what is going on in the life or mind of another person:And Richard Cory, one calm summer night, Went home and put a bullet through his head.."
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"In the American Society", 2002.
Discusses this short story by Gish Jen on Chinese-American life.
936 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Gish Jens' short story "In the American Society" about the Chang family, with the father Ralph as focal point. The paper shows that the story is divided into two sections: 'His Own Society' and 'In the American Society' and, taken together, both sections illustrate Ralph Chang's transformation from old country Chinese-American to new country Chinese-American on his own terms.
From the Paper
"When Ralph opens a pancake house, the business becomes successful quickly which confirms Ralph?s belief that the way he does business is the best way. Ralph?s confidence rises and not just due to his new riches. He feels freer to express himself. As daughter Callie says, when "the business continued to thrive, my father started to talk about his grandfather and the village he had reigned over in China -- things my father had never talked about when he worked for other people" (643). Although his wife gives him sound advice regarding the American way of doing business, Ralph prefers to conduct his business using his grandfather's methods. This proves to be a disastrous business decision."
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Culture and Society in Literature, 2004.
An analysis of the themes of culture and society in Bob Bryson's "The Lost Continent: Travels in Small-Town America" and H.G. Wells's "The Country of the Blind".
1,256 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how living in a small community means knowing your neighbors, their history, and all the aspects of their lives. In particular, it looks at how there has always been a division of 'they' and 'we' within the cultural determinants of society. It shows how, in Bryson?s "Lost Continent", he becomes the ?other? in a world where acceptance is based on being a small town resident. It also examines how, in the short story, "The Country of the Blind", by H.G. Wells, difference is also what defines the relationship between a group and an individual.
From the Paper
"As Bryson characterizes it: "It was inconceivable that a nation so firmly attached to small-town ideals, so dedicated in its fantasies to small-town notions, could not have somewhere built one perfect place--a place of harmony and industry, a place without shopping malls and oceanic parking lots, without factories and drive-in churches, without Kwick-Kraps and Jiffi-Shits and commercial squalor from one end to the other" (39). This is the place Bryson names "Amalgam." It is a combination, amalgamation of the attributes of small town perfection. It is too cute and wonderful to be real. Like Sun Valley, Idaho (and the western movie set), it has built a facade of what is believed to be the epitome of what it is supposed to be. It is too real to be true; too innocent to harbor the sin and corruption or, at least, too lost to discriminate between what is and isn?t a part of the observable culture."
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Class in Society in Henry James, 2003.
A comparison of James's "Daisy Miller" and "The Real Thing", focusing on class values and how they affect society.
1,265 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 0 sources, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two of James's short stories, "Daisy Miller" and "The Real Thing". Societal values and customs in both stories are analyzed and compared with one another. The most important focal points are the ideas of old money vs. new money, ignorance, and innocence.
From the Paper
"Class structure is an unavoidable characteristic of society. Be it in real life or literature, the class someone belongs to makes a huge impact on their actions and values. Along the same vein, the classes that people interact with also have an effect on their actions and how they behave. Henry James reflects the class differences and interactions and how they affect characters as a main point in two of his stories, ?Daisy Miller: A Study? and ?The Real Thing.? "
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"The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber", 2008.
An analysis of Ernest Hemingway's short story "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" .
1,914 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the theme in Ernest Hemingway's short story, "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber", is that it is better to live a short and happy life with authenticity than to live a long and unhappy life without authenticity. More specifically, the paper looks at how, the character of Macomber does not live a happy life until he proves himself. The paper further explains that Macomber begins his life innocent and spoiled in a protected society, then becomes awakened to reality in the dangers of Africa, and ends self-fulfilled by achieving authenticity and happiness in a fatal world.
From the Paper
"In stage three of his initiation, Macomber achieves authenticity and happiness in a fatal world. He panics while shooting a large male, but the very fear that makes him run away from danger, teaches him, in less than twenty-four hours, how to face a charging buffalo with all the bravery of a seasoned hunter. When Macomber finds out that the buffalo is still alive, "for the first time in his life he really felt wholly without fear" for which "instead of fear he had a feeling of definite elation" (24). Ben Stoltzfus suggests that in choosing to face this challenge Macomber "asserts a new identity and, in putting cowardice behind him, he defines an authentic self". Macomber is no longer afraid; in fact he is eager to kill the buffalo. Hemingway describes Macomber's change as a "wild unreasonable happiness" which feels "like a dam bursting inside himself" (25). "
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"The Short Happy Life", 2005.
A look at the argument that Francis Macomber was not intentionally killed by his wife, Margaret Macomber, in the short story, "The Short Happy Life", by Ernest Hemingway.
889 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, in the short story "The Short Happy Life" by Ernest Hemingway, it becomes evident that Margaret Macomber did not intentionally kill Francis Macomber. It contends that, although it may seem that it was a conscious decision on Mrs. Macomber's part to shoot at her husband, the facts and situations presented by Ernest Hemingway in his writing prove otherwise.
From the Paper
" 'You know I don't think I'd ever be afraid of anything again,' Macomber said to Wilson. 'Something happened in my after we first saw the buff and started after him. Like a dam bursting. It was pure excitement.' " (Page 32). Unfortunately, this sudden confidence gain was not enough to save Francis Macomber from death. While on safari in Africa with his beautiful wife, Margaret, and their guide, Wilson, Francis makes a fool out of himself in front of his wife by running away from a lion instead of shooting it. Margaret Macomber takes his cowardliness very offensively, especially when it is her husband that is showing it. Margot even goes so far as to sleep with Wilson because she is so upset with Francis. However, all of this does not prove that she killed her husband on purpose. Francis has a seemingly successful buffalo hunt that proves to his wife that he is not a coward, which was enough reason in itself for Margot to not kill her husband on purpose. Ernest Hemingway, author of "The Short Happy Life", specifically states that Mrs. Macomber shot at the buffalo, which just happened to be very close to her husband's head. This fact, among other reasons, is evidence that Margaret Macomber did not intentionally shoot and kill her husband."
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Short Story Comparative Analysis, 2002.
This paper compares the themes found in the short stories, "The Answer is No," by Nagiub Mahfouz and "Girl," by Jamaica Kincaid.
610 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the role of women and their function in society as portrayed in the short stories, "The Answer is No," by Naguib Mahfouz and "Girl," by Jamaica Kincaid. The stories are set in two different cultures, one Moslem and the other, Antiguan. The themes in Mahfouz's story include sexual exploitation and the negative role of women in Moslem society, while in Kincaid's story discusses how a young women should behave in society in order to attract a husband and keep him happy. Both of these stories illustrate how women are viewed as being inferior or submissive and how the women in these two stories decided to rebel against the norms.
From the Paper
"Throughout the story, the readers will learn that the woman is a former tutee of the headmaster Badran Bandawi, and the apprehension and fear that she felt upon learning that he was to be the headmaster of their school was caused by a past experience when she was still a young woman, wherein Bandawi sexually took advantage of her in one of their teaching lessons. Bandawi justified the sexual molestation as acceptable, since he told the young woman that he?d marry her when she reaches the right age. The woman?s refusal to marry stemmed from two reasons: she doesn?t love Bandawi and she thinks the man wants to marry her for her money."
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The Black Death and its Effects on Medieval Societies, 2003.
This essay talks about society before, during and after the Black Plague that swept through Europe in 1348. It covers a broad range of cultural aspects affected from class structure to medical theories to religion to city planning.
2,871 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses society in medieval Europe and the effects the Black Plague of 1348 had on it. The writer discusses society beforehand, noting the population explosion shortly before it hit. The writer briefly talks about the pathology of the disease and discusses some theories as to what the Black Plague was actually caused by (recent theories rule out the bubonic plague alone). The paper also discusses the impact the plague had on medical theories and also the method used by doctors and surgeons. The paper then analyzes the ways in which people of different classes reacted to the plague and the precautions everyday people took to prevent the disease from afflicting them. Noted are also the the religious shifts in dogma, the religious groups that emerged out of the plague and the class system before and after the plague. Lastly the writer discusses the changes in the arts because of the plague, and how it ultimately affected medieval Europe to the point of it stirring the beginnings of the Renaissance almost 200 years later.
From the Paper
"To truly understand the devastation caused by the Black Death in the mid-fourteenth century, one need only look at the writing of Agnolo di Tura, a Tuscan chronicler of the time: I do not know where to begin to tell of the cruelty and the pitiless ways. It seemed that almost everyone became stupefied by seeing the pain. And it is impossible for the human tongue to recount the awful truth.... [T]he victims died almost immediately. They would swell beneath the armpits and in their groins and fall over while talking. Father abandoned child, wife husband, one brother another; for this illness seemed to strike through breath and sight?. [T]hey died by the hundreds, both day and night, and all were thrown in those ditches and covered with earth. And as soon as those ditches were filled, more were dug. And I, Agnolo di Tura?buried my five children with my own hands?And so many died that all believed it was the end of the world (qtd. Gottfried 45). This horrific pestilence, wiping out an estimated third of the entire population of Europe, has been claimed by many scholars to mark a transition in medieval society, affecting everything from art to wages to religious thought. The point of this essay is to try and highlight the more obvious trends that arose in post-plague society and to demonstrate how, at the very least, these trends may be direct effects of arguably the worst natural disaster in recorded history. "
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Desire and Sexuality in Katherine Mansfield?s Short Stories, 2002.
This paper looks at Katherine Mansfield?s short stories and the ways in which they portray the nature of sexuality in the early twentieth century.
1,209 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The writer discusses sexual symbolism, human behaviour and foreshadowing in these short stories. The paper explores the impact sexuality had on society, and the ways in which society affected women in relation to sexuality.
From the Paper
"Almost to the end of the text her mysterious feeling of Bliss, for which she finds no outlet, drives Bertha. Mansfield explains this Bliss to the reader through the nature of Berthas actions, Bertha transfers her energy from arranging fruit, to tending her daughter but neither creative nor motherly actions can relieve her. Her duties as mother, housewife and decorator are not enough to fulfil her. Signs of sexuality materialize in this scene. The bowl of fruit sits full and ripe, ?stained? with pink as a symbol of fertility as well as temptation. The grapes still covered in bloom remain untouched, as Bertha is sexually unawakened. Bertha looses herself within the image of the fruit and its sensual nature, yet jerks herself back into reality. She contradicts the earlier sensual imagery with a superficial comment on the carpet. This pattern of indulging in her sexuality and then recovering herself is repeated throughout the text. She turns away from the two stray cats courting and is more likely to accept pictures of beauty such as the Pear Tree, or Pearl as sexual before she does the more animalistic images of sex."
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Raymond Carver's "Short Cuts", 2005.
Analysis of the characters and theme in the collection of short stories in Carver's "Short Cuts".
1,474 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes the characters, plot, themes, and style of writing in select stories from Raymond Carver's "Short Cuts". The paper also describes director Robert Altman's adaptation of the stories in his film version, "Short Cuts," and explains Altman's interpretation of Carver's message is brought to its logical conclusion.
From the Paper
"The stories from the Raymond Carver collection Short Cuts frequently deal with the most elemental problems in human relationships. He chooses to examine people at their most personal and intimate moments. Oftentimes his stories expose the mental and emotional rifts that occur between people that should be able to communicate freely and openly, usually married couples. Many characters in Carver's work live in a state of isolation, despite the fact that they are physically in the presence of family and friends. They live their lives in mental and emotional seclusion; unable to articulate their thoughts and feelings to the people they are supposed to be closest to. His work reflects the isolation and longing for understanding that people everywhere feel intermittently throughout their lives."
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"Miss Marple: The Complete Short Stories", 2006.
A review of the Agatha Christie collection of short stories "Miss Marple: The Complete Short Stories".
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 0 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and positively critiques Agatha Christie's "Miss Marple", focusing on the character of Miss Marple. The paper demonstrates how, despite being a quiet octogenarian who loves knitting, Miss Marple has the mind of a natural sleuth. After citing several examples from the stories to demonstrate this thesis, the paper concludes that the mysteries are fun, quaint and picturesque, which also inspire a love of the heroine and prove to the reader that crime need not be bloody to be interesting.
From the Paper
"This is important because most of the twenty mysteries in The Complete Short Stories revolve around very ordinary settings. The first short stories began at the Tuesday Club, a social club formed by Miss Marple and her fellow old ladies her a small, English country town. The club was originally founded purely for the pleasures of social gatherings-but soon this club's purpose becomes a place of discussion of a variety of mysteries that prey upon the minds and the members of the club."
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Short-Term Memory and Aging, 2008.
A discussion of the possible causes for short-term memory loss in old age.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses short-term memory loss among the elderly. The paper points out that the habit of viewing difficulties of short-term memory loss as normal in aging is countered by knowledge of the phenomenon as a frequent indication of changes in other memory functions. The paper mentions current models, which address short-term memory in relation to brain connectivity, such that impaired short-term memory may be read as a sign for other alterations in memory or brain function that are more significant. The paper looks into a variety of causes in order to gain a better conceptualization of a condition that is a frequent symptom, rather than a disorder all its own. The paper concludes that symptoms involving cognition and memory indicate something, and are not reducible to old models of steady decline, especially mental decline, in old age.
From the Paper
"An aging North American population and much research attention given to Alzheimer's and dementia have produced considerable knowledge of help in understanding other conditions of brain function including mental and nervous disorder. Grady, Furey Et Al (2001) examined altered brain connectivity and the decline of short-term memory of a sample of Alzheimer's patients and a normal control group. Alzheimer's disorder is increasing defined as a syndrome of dysfunctional connectivity within the brain whose most apparent indication is often much impaired short-term memory. Given the technology available to neurologists and neuro-psychiatrists of today, much more is understood of what happens to the memory of the Alzheimer's patient in addition to knowledge allowing us to know more of the normal or aging person who does not present the condition. Delays in cognitive processing due to Alzheimer's changes affect other aspects of memory. For instance, impairment in the functioning of the prefrontal cortex of means the patient cannot recognize a once familiar face, or the face of a caregiver or other individual that is seen daily."
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