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Sampling Methods, 2008.
A description of four individual studies carried out using the Gallop method of research.
2,133 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews four separate studies and explores the sampling methods and reasons behind the selection of these methods. The sampling methods of the Gallop organization are used as the model for large scale surveying using small samples. Each of the four studies is unique in their sampling methods, selection of participants and generalization of the results.
Outline:
Abstract
Applications Exercise
Client Treatment Outcomes
An Examination of Racial Profiling in a Large Metropolitan Area
Trafficking of Eastern European Women: An Ethnographic Analysis
Rekindling Police Burnout: Implications for the Motivation and Retention of Personnel
From the Paper
"The researcher in this study started with the opinion that the well known and accepted benefits of physical fitness will be beneficial to the treatment and subsequent reduction of recidivism of drug offenders in the Orange County, California Drug Court. The researcher chose the samples were from the portion of the available population (availability sampling) that was allowed to participate, as opposed to a random gathering of samples, or any scientific method. From this population of approximately 150, and of those involved in the criminal justice system that the presiding Judges wished to allow the defendants to participate, pared the available population down to a very small number (Thompson, 2006, p.88). Because of ethical and financial concerns, the researcher and the Judge could not compel or otherwise mandate participation in the program, thus volunteers were solicited through court sponsored incentives. In the end, it was a matter of taking anybody that was eligible, and the extremely low participation level was the manifestation of this "who can I get?" sampling method. The participation from the available population of nearly 150 was 5, and then only 2 completed the fitness program (Thompson, 2006, p.99)."
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Survey Methods for Educational Research, 2006.
A research paper evaluating survey methods for educational research.
5,528 words (approx. 22.1 pages), 46 sources, APA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of questionnaires as research tools. The paper explores how, once a research paradigm and research questions are defined, researchers must determine the design nature (exploratory or conclusive). The paper discusses and evaluates different survey methods and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the survey methods over other descriptive research designs. Additionally, the paper discusses considerations involved in conducting surveys as well as the ethical issues arising from the various kinds of survey research identified. Finally, the author makes a proposal for a future study to design and evaluate a pilot questionnaire on effective uses of questionnaires as educational research tools.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Questionnaire Design
Validity and Reliability
Sampling Design and Procedure
Analytic Procedure
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social science researchers have long debated the best, most efficacious ways of viewing the world. Two major paradigms, the C positivist and interpretivist, have today become the main focus of this debate. The C positivist paradigm is more compatible with quantitative research methodology. Quantitative research endeavors to define, explain, predict or control phenomena, using descriptive and inferential statistics. That method reflects belief that reality is mechanistic and deterministic, and that a whole may be divided into parts. Quantitative research implies faith in scientific progress, and the static nature of reality. Thorndike state that if anything exists, it can be measured. Objectivity and detachment are upheld in quantitative data collection, in order to explain changes in aspects of reality, or reveal any cause-and- effect relationships that may occur among parts of a whole. Interpretivist paradigms relate mostly to qualitative methodology. Subscribers believe human beings, individually and collectively, develop reality. Such paradigms interpret the specific instead of generalizing from the specific."
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Sampling, 1995.
This paper examines an application of the statistical procedure of population sampling: Describes theory and techniques and assesses validity of application in population sampling.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines an application of the statistical procedure of population sampling. The initial part of the examination describes sampling procedures, and illustrates the use of the procedures in an application. Following the description and illustration, the accuracy and appropriateness of the application is discussed.
Description of the Procedure, and An Illustration of the Use of the Procedure in An Application
Population sampling procedures are described in this section. This description is followed by an illustration of the use of the procedures in an application.
Description of Procedures ... "
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Radiometric Methods of Dating Fossils, 2004.
An exploration of how carbon-14 and uranium-238 are used frequently in today?s scientific community to analyze the dates of fossils.
1,427 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how both carbon-14 and uranium-238 are used to date fossils and how both methods are based on measuring the decay that has occurred in these elements. It looks at how carbon-14 dating is used for organic material, plants and animals, while uranium-238 is used primarily for geographic formations. It also discusses how both methods of dating are subject to potential sample contamination and, therefore, inaccurate readings; the addition of foreign material in both types of samples can provide either younger or older results, dependent on the material.
From the Paper
"Radioactive elements decay at unique rates, dependant on the isotope. This rate of decay is known as half-lives, it is the time necessary for ? of the atoms to decay in a particular element. The decay follows a geometric scale, in that in the first half-life of an element, ? of the atoms decay, yet in the second half-life, ? of those remaining decay, meaning a ? of the original atoms decay, and so forth. By measuring this decay, and knowing the half life of an element, scientists can date a sample."
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Research Methods, 2005.
A discussion on radiographic research methods.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 0 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the randomized clinical trail research and the phenomenological research designs as applied to the filed of radiography. It includes details on sampling, instrumentation, inference making and general acceptance in medical science. It expands on the conclusions drawn explaining that the phenomenological approach has no place in radiographic research.
From the Paper
"Research activities, whether clinical trial based, consumer product oriented, or best practices directed, must exhibit and command interest, enthusiasm, and passionate commitment. The primary objective of the research investigator is to catch the essential quality of the excitement of discovery that comes from research well done if expected results are to be gained. To the enthused researcher there must be debate, discussion and even argument if there is to be intelligent conviction regarding the nature, design, analysis, and inference regarding the phenomenon under investigation. The first step in the attainment of a desired research goal is to develop a scientific approach toward that which is being investigated knowing that no research question can be answered if first it is not stated in testable form or terms. In addition, to accomplish meaningful ..."
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Prefabrication Methods in Construction, 2005.
An in-depth examination of the past, present and future of prefabricated methods in the construction industry.
18,745 words (approx. 75.0 pages), 41 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The study provides a thorough understanding of what prefabricated buildings are, what they were like in the past and where they are headed in the future. The changes that have been made in prefabrication over the last 60 years are remarkable and are discussed in the paper. It explains that the learning that has taken place should be noted because there have been many new advancements that are worthy of discussion and consideration. Includes tables and graphs.
Outline
Chapter One
Introduction
Background
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Importance of the Study
Scope of the Study
Limitations of the Study
Validity and Uniqueness of the Data
Rationale for the Study
Overview of the Study
Chapter Two
Review of Related Literature
The Past - Britain
The Present - Hong Kong and Kuala Lumpur
Chapter Three
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Population and Sample
Collection of Data
Data Analysis Procedures
Summary
Chapter Four
Analysis of the Data
Chapter Five
Summary, Recommendations, and Conclusions
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Construction is something that has always been with society. From the first primitive men that worked at creating huts and other dwellings to live in to the high-rise condominiums and million-dollar mansions that are built today, there has always been the need and the desire to build. Originally, it was a job that only men did, but there are female construction workers now, too, and there have been for some time. Some see this as a lowering of standards, while others see it as progress. The same is true of prefabrication. While many believe that this type of construction is not as secure or as long-lasting as 'traditional' methods, others feel that there is much that can be done with prefabricated buildings.
From the prefabricated buildings that were built in Britain during World War II until now much has changed, and all of this will be discussed in Chapter Two where the literature is reviewed. Despite the rising interest in prefabricated buildings and housing, however, there are still many that either do not like this method of construction or do not understand it. Many still think of it as mobile homes, or 'trailers' and do not realize the benefits that can come from other methods of prefabricated buildings. Prefabricated housing does not have to mean mobile homes. It can mean modular homes as well, or any home or building where part of the construction is done off-site and the pieces assembled on the job site."
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The Problem of the Small Sample of Forensic DNA, 2000.
This paper discusses the rather narrow issue of whether a judge has the authority to order employees of the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner to freeze laboratory testing on forensic DNA samples before the samples are consumed by testing.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 20 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rather narrow issue of whether a judge has the authority to order employees of the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner to freeze laboratory testing on forensic DNA samples before the samples are consumed by testing. The paper discusses issues of state and federal evidence law, and briefly discusses DNA testing and how it is performed in New York City criminal investigations. The following are the sections of the paper, which is six pages long and cites to twenty different sources:
Question Presented
Short Answer
Discussion
State and Local Law
Federal and State Law
Conclusion
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The Capillary Method, 2003.
Examines surface tension measurements of pure water, NaCl solutions, and HOAc solutions using the capillary rise technique.
2,048 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper is a technical report on a laboratory experiment on surface tension measurements using the capillary rise method. Samples are deionized water and varying concentrations of NaCl and of HOAc. Calculations are included in the appendix.
From the Paper
"Increasing concentrations of HOAc solutions tend to lower surface tension of water, while NaCl solutions increase surface tension of water. The former results to a condition called positive surface concentration, where the solute tend to concentrate slightly in the neighborhood of the surface; the latter is due to negative surface concentration, where the solute molecules become less concentrated in the neighborhood of the surface."
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| Term Paper # 97016 |
temporarily unavailable
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The Heelstick Method of Testing in Neonates, 2008.
A review of a published paper titled "Longitudinal Comparison of Preterm Pain Responses to Repeated Heelsticks" by J.C.Evans et al.
902 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper comments on an article presented on the evaluation method of testing pain in neonates. The paper "Longitudinal Comparison of Preterm Pain Responses to Repeated Heelsticks" by J.C.Evans et al, concludes that babies above a certain age after conception experience pain in a way that younger, earlier babies don't.
Outline:
Introduction
Are the essential components presented?
Is the problem stated with adequate background?
Is there justification for the study?
Is the problem researchable?
Variables
Conceptual framework
Literature review
What Type of Study was used?
Does the Research Design Fit?
Sample and Setting
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It was difficult to tell if the study was oriented towards the use of a specific type of heel-stick method (the QuickHeel device) or heel-sticks in general. It was clear that there had been a lot of previous study of infant pain with the old, lancet-style heel stick. The authors admitted that this can skew the results. It sounds from the paper as though the old 'slice and bleed' method caused a good deal more trauma."
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A Review of a Sample Essay, 2005.
A discussion on how to write a competent essay.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The following paper is a review of how a representative article penned by two well-regarded scholars illustrates how to produce a competent essay. The paper outlines the manner in which the essential thesis is introduced (courtesy of an intriguing instance of the complexities of cultural assignation) and also outlines the clever manner in which information is introduced that agrees with the thesis.
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Corporal Punishment and Academic Performance, 2006.
This paper examines the relationship between corporal punishment and academic performance of Taiwanese students grades one to nine.
9,528 words (approx. 38.1 pages), 47 sources, MLA, $ 195.95
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Abstract
This study studies the relationship of corporal punishment and the academic performance of students in grades 1 - 9 in Taiwan. There are many research studies examining corporal punishments in the K-12 setting worldwide, but only a few studies have specifically examined the relationship between corporal punishment and academic performance. This study aims to better understand the relationships between the frequency of corporal punishment, the attribution by the students towards the reasons of the punishments, and the actual academic performance of the students.
Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1:
Introduction
Corporal Punishment of Students in the United States
Corporal Punishment of Students in the Far East
Limitation, delimitations, assumptions
Chapter 2:
Literature Review
Chapter 3:
Methodology
Research Questions
Data Source
Sampling and Population Method
Strength and Limitation of Sampling Method
Data Analysis
From the Paper
"These cases of corporal punishment (or CP) on children demonstrates the gravity of the issue. These studies raise questions concerning the relationship between corporal punishment of children and adverse outcomes, such as anti-social behavior, as well as other issues (Magrid 1990; Strauss, 2001; Gaffney, 1997; Hicnchey, 2003).
Western educational experts argue that the long-term costs of corporal punishment outweigh any short-term benefit that might be gained by its application. The effects of corporal punishment may last for years, and the family, the local community, and society at large pay the price for teachers' actions. Beatings and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatments potentially affect both the physical well-being and the psyche of those who are punished (Gaffney 1997, Andero 2002)."
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Business Process Reengineering, 2008.
A complete research project to study business process reengineering (BPR) and the role of information technology.
33,490 words (approx. 134.0 pages), 81 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper examines business process reengineering (BPR) and redesign techniques, which help companies to re-align resources and re-evaluate how they can organize their business processes to improve customer services and cut down on operational costs enabling them to emerge as one of the dominant competitors in the region. The author emphasizes how companies need to organize their business processes and procedures to match defined and emerging best practices in sell-side e-commerce, to reduce costs through more effective use of business process management and to develop processes and applications to better attract, sell and serve customers on a global scale. The paper describes completely the methodology and results of the research. Includes illustrations.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Overview of the Company (Profile)
How this Guide was Developed
Reengineering and Information Technology
Managerial Issues and Comments
Knowledge Management and Aging ABC Products Workforce
Advantages and Disadvantages of Decentralized IT Systems
Globalization
Change Management
Objectives of this Research
Current Issues and their Impact on the Company.
Important of Issues
Objective
Benefits Derived from New System
Literature Review
Definitions
Consumer Value
Buyers Decision Process
Value Chain Analysis
Supply Chain Management
Service Oriented Architectures
Customer Satisfaction
Marketing Mix Factors Affecting Consumer Satisfaction
The Role of Products in the Marketing Mix
Approaches to New Product Development
New Products: Blue Ocean or Red Ocean Strategy?
The Power of Pricing
Promotional Strategies as part of the Marketing Mix
Distribution (Place) as part of the Marketing Mix
Methodology
Method-1: Literature Search in Library and Internet
Method-2: Expert Panel Discussion
Method-3: Find Literature Support for New Variables
Method-4: Generate Sample Questionnaire for Expert Panel
Method-5: Modify the Sample Questionnaire.
Method-6: Distribute Questionnaire To Respondents.
Method-7: Analysis of the Responses to the Questionnaires.
Results
Result of Method-1: Literature Search in Library and Internet
Result of Method-2: Expert Panel Discussion.
Result of Method-3: Find Literature Support for New Variables
Result of Method-4: Generate Sample Questionnaire
Result of Method-5: Test Sample with an Expert Panel
Result of Method-6: Modify the Sample Questionnaire
Result of Method-7: Distribute Questionnaire to Respondents
Result of Method-8: Analysis of the Return of Questionnaires
Recommendations
Use Smaller Teams to Encourage Higher Levels of Process Ownership
Create Multiple Perspectives of the Complex Process
Maintain a Centralized Unit for Communication
Reduce the Number of Inputs into a Process
Maintain Ethical Culture in the Company
Pursue The Development of an SOA Platform
Use Distributed Order Management Systems to Synchronize Demand for ABC Products
Use Analytics to Measure Progress towards BPM and BPR Objectives
Conclusions
Reflections
Appendix Abbreviations
Appendix-Customer satisfaction
Appendix-Questionnaire Result
Appendix-Questionnaire Result
From the Paper
"In accessing the adoption of SOA platforms into manufacturing companies, using SAP's NetWeaver as the barometer of early adopter success, the emerging role of SOAs as a point of key differentiation over and above just being a strategy for ERP consolidation begins to emerge. SOAs form the foundation of Web Services and Event Driven Architectures (EDAs) throughout the manufacturing companies who have already passed through the experimentation with Web Services as part of their SOA architectural plans and moved directly to piloting Web Services for such mission critical tasks."
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Socio Dramatic Play in Early Childhood Education, 2008.
A research proposal discussing the importance of socio-dramatic plays in early childhood education.
1,855 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a research proposal that explores the role of socio-dramatic play within the modern educational settings and explores how it affects the daily lives of children. The research paper also aims to explore how socio dramatic play in early childhood education enhances student performance. The paper discusses how socio-dramatic play compels children to use their imagination, thoughts and creativity.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose Statement
Significance of the Study
Literature Review
Research Questions
Sub Questions
Methodology
Research Objectives
Research Method
Participants
Sampling Frame
Method of Selecting the Sample Elements
Data Collection
Scale Development for the Questionnaire
Data Analysis
Questionnaires
Reliability and Validity of the Results
Ethical Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Piaget, who is a cognitive theorist, believed that play can help children develop several cognitive and emotional stages and it is a key instrument in the early mental growth of children. Piaget believed that people change and adapt according to the conditions around them and this change and adaptation is the ultimate weapon for personal growth and development. Tsao (2002) writes, "Children who play over and over again with the same object, such as repeatedly pretending to drink from an empty cup, actually are practicing eye-hand coordination and developing sensory-motor skills. At the same time, children practice the behaviors that are acceptable to society so that they can act appropriately in different situations. Different kinds of play require different levels of cognitive sophistication, and that is why each different type of play is found at a specific stage of cognitive development (Tsao, 2002; pg 230)" Similarly, Vygotsky, who is a socio-cultural theorist, conceptualized play as a tool, which assists children develop self-control. It helps children in mastering their behavior and allows them to understand the difference between thought and action. According to Vygotsky, play also helps in the development of advanced cognitive skills and abstract thinking (Tsao, 2002)."
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Special Education, 2008.
A research proposal to investigate the impact that technology has on the reading and learning skills of low level students.
4,449 words (approx. 17.8 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a research to study to find out the impact that using technology has on the learning/reading skills of low level student with special needs. Specifically, the topics to be addressed by the research are how technology is currently used in today's classrooms to enhance the reading/learning skills of low level students with special needs and how teachers can better integrate technology into instructions of low level students of special needs. The paper contends that the research will add to existing literature on the role of technology in education. Also, one practical implication of the research is that it can change the way educational-providers deal with low level students with special needs.
Outline:
Introduction
Problem Statement
Literature Review
Use of Advancing Technologies in Education
The Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)
Purpose of the Paper
Research Questions
Methodology
Research Method and Design
Participants
Recruitment Strategy (Sampling Unit)
Sampling Frame
Method of Selecting the Sample Elements
Data Collection
Delimitations
Ethical Issues
Data Analysis
From the Paper
"Use of technology has helped some students in acquiring better literacy/reading skills; whereas it has hindered the learning of others. Fisher and Molebash and Speaker found technology as an assistive tool. Martin and Doering, Hughes, and Huffman found technology to hinder the learning process. With billions being spent on education each year and with so many schools adapting technology as a means of delivering lectures, it is imperative to come up with accurate and consistent results which give a holistic picture of the use of technology."
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