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Sacrifice in Literature, 2005.
This paper examines the motif of sacrifice in Pedro Calderon de la Barca's "Life's a Dream", Euripides' "Iphigeneia at Aulis" and Toni Morrison's" Beloved".
1,245 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the motif of sacrifice, especially the sacrifice of one's offspring, in Pedro Calderon de la Barca's "Life's a Dream", Euripides' "Iphigeneia at Aulis" and Toni Morrison's" Beloved" is contrasted starkly in each story with respect to the moral codes of their times. The author points out that, unlike the moral paradox in the story of Abraham and Isaac, there is no such paradox in these stories because the individuals within these novels are elementally human and not morally infallible. The paper relates that the sacrifice, in all of three stories, is performed with insufficient information and not wholly from a rational point of view; however, all three authors tend to suggest that the judgment of right or wrong is inconsequential because all that matters are the emotions people feel pulling them in one direction or another.
From the Paper
"Iphigeneia at Aulis" holds true to this theme in that, unlike the Iliad, it depicts entirely ordinary humanity collaboratively bringing about its own destruction. Agamemnon is no divine hero; he is a mortal man who finds himself in an impossible situation. Kalchas assures him, Odysseus and Menelaos that the sacrifice of his daughter, Iphigeneia, will permit their safe passage to Troy. The obvious forces in opposition to one another are Agamemnon's responsibilities to his people and the alliance, and his responsibilities as a father. The legitimacy of the prophecy is not truly in question, only Agamemnon's individual obligations. Although he calls for his daughter, he immediately admits, "What I have done is wrong and I want to undo it." (Euripides, 143-4)."
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Human Sacrifice in Ancient Rome, 2003.
An analysis of the reasons for human sacrifice in the Roman Republic.
3,505 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three cases of human sacrifice documented by historians in the Roman Republic. Through a literature review, it looks at how the human sacrifices in the Roman Republic became addressed first in the early twentieth century when documentation was discovered of three people being buried alive. It analyses the various theories on the reasons for the sacrifices and attempts to show that the evidence clearly points to scandals among the Vestal Virgins being the direct cause for the human sacrifices that took place in Rome in the days of the Republic.
From the Paper
"Plutarch specifically states that the Vestal scandal led to the Senate demanding that the decemviri sacris facundis ?consult the Sibylline books? in order to see how they should progress. Only when the gods were suspected of being exceptionally displeased with the city was this act necessary. A scandal of infidelity among the Vestal Virgins was an extremely disturbing omen in the eyes of the citizens of Rome, for the Vestals kept the eternal flame burning?a symbol of Rome itself. The report of the decemviri was that there must be a sacrifice to the gods of four people (two Greeks and two Gauls) and that they should be buried alive in the Forum Boarium."
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The Aztec and Sacrifice, 2002.
An anthropological analysis of the Aztec culture of sacrifice.
2,775 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 12 sources, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper will argue, through an examination of the role of human sacrifice in the religious practices of the Aztec civilization, that human sacrifice should be interpreted primarily as a cultural activity that is firmly integrated into the signification and value system of the community as a whole.
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The Sacrifice of United States Soldiers, 2002.
A discussion of the concept of sacrifice for one's country through a review of Tim O'Brien's "The Things They Carried" and the movie "Platoon".
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the importance of the sacrifice of the United States soldiers who fight wars for our country. The relevance of this topic will be covered by analyzing Tim O'Brien's book "The Things They Carried" and the movie "Platoon" to see how they compare in this idea of sacrifice for our country. By learning more about these two books in this forum, we can see why they are very relevant to the appreciation of these soldiers who fight for our country.
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Human Sacrifice in Ancient Greece, 2006.
This paper explores various ancient Greek cultures and the religious circumstances which justified the practice of human sacrifice.
864 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the common misinterpretation regarding the ancient Greeks being too civilized a culture to commit human sacrifice. The writer of this brief yet concise paper proves that the Greeks did in fact commit human sacrifices as a major component of their religious beliefs and activities. The Greek's belief in Dionysus, the god of crop fertility, was a significant element in these sacrifices. Dionysus symbolized flesh and blood as bread and wine. An annual worship held in his name was to insure crop fertility. This was a common practice for many societies throughout Ancient Greece, including the Myceneans. The Myceneans were a powerful civilization who sacrificed humans in honor of the Olympian gods and archaeological evidence has been found to back these claims.
From the Paper
"The Mycenean civilization practiced this as well as many other forms of human sacrifice: "The burnt offering altar was often used in Mycenean rituals, and became a major form of practice. This form of human sacrifice was used late, almost until the end of the Mycenean civilization. "The burnt offering altar was a large, grill-like structure where prophets placed hot coals. The altar placed on the chest of the strongest warrior in town, the usual subject of this ritual. The sacrifice would be long and grueling, and the victim would not die until the prophets finished their praying to the gods. The Myceneans were a powerful civilization who were mentioned in the Homeric poems. They sacrificed humans in honor of the Olympian gods, and archeological evidence has been found."
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Sacrifice in Christianity and Hinduism, 2002.
A comparison of the concepts of sacrifice in Hinduism and Christianity.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This essay will discuss the nature, purpose and significance of sacrifice in two religions: Hinduism and Christianity. It will be shown how, despite the deep cultural differences between the two, and their wide separation in terms of time and space, the idea and practice of sacrifice is strikingly similar in both religions.
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The History of Animal Sacrifice, 2005.
An overview of the ritual and practice of animal sacrifice.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the ritual and practice of animal sacrifice from ancient times through the present. The analysis focuses on the religious associations with the practice and the struggles of contemporary religions fight for the right to continue the practice.
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Love and Sacrifice in "A Tale of Two Cities", 2003.
Critically reviews Charles Dickens's "A Tale of Two Cities" and examines themes of love and sacrifice.
4,003 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
With love and sacrifice as the two main themes of Charles Dickens's novel, "A Tale of Two Cities," an interesting love-related conflict is inevitable. The paper examines the structure of the novel and its narrative style. It examines the conflict involving the love between Lucie, Carton, and Darnay. The paper takes an in-depth look at the three distinctly different sections of the novel and looks at the setting of the novel and its characters, as well as the symbolism involved in the story.
From the Paper
"Characters are another very important aspect of the novel as well. Dickens typically used four different types of characters in his story (Long 493). The first type is the innocent child, or Young Jerry Cruncher. Young Jerry Cruncher, Jerry Cruncher's son, resembles his father in appearance and temperament. Young Jerry Cruncher was exposed to the abuse of his father from a very young age. He is often puzzled by the mysteriousness of his father's occupation and the mud on his boots and the rust that is always found on his fingers (Kalil 31). As Moody states in A History of English Literature, the second type is the grotesque foil, a character that is not excited by laughter but by terror (352). Madame Defarge fits this description very well, making her the antagonist of the story."
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Sacrifice: Hinduism and Christianity, 2006.
An analogy between Hinduism and Christianity regarding sacrifice.
1,979 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper aims to draw an analogy between the spirituality of religious sacrificial practices in Hinduism and Christianity, showing how both have developed to connote the same spiritual significance today. It looks at how 'Yajetwa' in Hinduism and 'Sacrifice' in Christianity are incorporated into a believers' life in diverse manners and how the Vedic 'Sesa-Sesi' relationship connects them both with a perfect spiritual bond.
Outline
Biblical Theology
Hindu Theology
Analogy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The 'Ramanuja' theology took precedence after a slight change in the political-religious structure of the palace and temple and with Visnu and Siva rising as personal, loving and saving deities. "Puja" and "aradhana" were replaced to connote sacrifice, with a primary purpose of pleasing the supreme deity, by placing flowers and fruits in front of the image of the Lord at the temple. This reserves primary value to the Lord alone, with sacrifice being but a step towards glorifying the deity. Visnu embodies the whole action of the sacrifice and all its' elements as a whole. Thus, a subtle transition from "'dharma is the sacrifice' to 'Visnu is the sacrifice'" occurs. "
In Christianity, Jesus's crucification is the symbol of sacrifice, whereby God became incarnate in Jesus and sacrificed himself for wiping out the sins of his entire nation, replacing the unnecessary animal sacrifice of the Old covenant. Three days later, his bodily resurrection depicted the efficacy of this process in freeing human beings from death."
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Human Sacrifice, 2003.
Human sacrifice and ritual cannibalism worldwide throughout history.
3,424 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the significance of human sacrifice and ritual cannibalism in such contexts as the Bible, Roman mythology, and actual tribes currently and previously found throughout the world.
From the Paper
"Human sacrifice has been a part of human nature and human history since before written records. The act of killing another human to appease a deity or another higher power is written about in some of the oldest religious documents and oral stories. Human sacrifice is one of the most powerful religious accounts in culture, in which a life is taken in order to please a god. ?In every sacrifice an object passes from the common into the religious domain; it is consecrated? (Beattie, p29). This ceremonial execution happens everywhere around the world today. In this paper I will discuss human sacrifice from the past, in written history and fables, and in today?s modern world."
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Social Pollution in "New Year's Sacrifice" and "Hands.", 2006.
In this paper the two authors, Lu Xun and Xiao Hong, treat the subject of social stigma, isolation, and social hygiene similarly.
1,543 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In both stories, the protagonist is a female and both women are ostracized from their peers and their community. The paper explains how pollution is portrayed by both authors as being socially defined. Hsiang Lin's Wife of "New Year's Sacrifice" is polluted for no reason other than her socially unacceptable past, whilst Wang Ya-Ming of "Hands" is polluted not only because her hands are dark and different but also because she is very poor. The paper shows how in both stories those who do not or cannot conform suffer dearly. The paper therefore details how Hsiang Lin's Wife and Wang Ya-Ming were ostracised and as a result became ill and weak. Both "New Year's Sacrifice" and "Hands" show how norms can severely affect people who are different, or people who step outside the boundaries of the social code.
From the Paper
"The fear of pollution is a recurrent theme in both Lu Xun's "New Year's Sacrifice" and Xiao Hong's "Hands." The two authors treat the subject of social stigma, isolation, and social hygiene similarly. In both stories, the protagonist is a female: in a sense, she is already born polluted. Although Hsiang Lin's Wife is older than Wang Ya-Ming, both women are ostracized from their peers and their community. Hsiang Lin's Wife of "New Year's Sacrifice" is shunned and scorned because of her socially unacceptable past. Twice a widow, her boy child died from a wolf attack. Hsiang Lin's Wife is therefore viewed by the people of Luchen as being dangerous as well as spiritually dirty. Lu Xun describes her symbolic pollution through the use of color contrasts, namely whiteness versus blackness. Similarly, Xiao Hong relies heavily on color symbolism to convey the central theme of social pollution in "Hands." The story's protagonist Wang Ya-Ming and her family members have black hands. Furthermore, both authors show how poverty and pollution are closely linked, as Wang Ya-Ming and Hsiang Lin's Wife are both destitute. Lu Xun and Xiao Hong show that social persecution causes loneliness and illness. At the same time, the polluted characters in the two stories retain a sense of inner strength in spite of their ordeals."
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Human Sacrifice, 2002.
This paper explores the evil practices that are touted in name of religious traditions.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the evil practices that are touted in name of religious traditions. It focuses on the evil tradition of human sacrifice.
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Silence, Subterfuge or Sacrifice, 2001.
This paper examines the narrow choices of homosexuals in a straight labor market.
1,865 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the controversial issue of the treatment of homosexuals in the workplace. The author discusses how in the male-dominated market there still remains an intense negativity towards gay employees. The paper explores how this discrimination not only affects the socio-economical problems for gay individuals, but affects the nation. The author discusses studies where the majority of gay or lesbian workers continue to remain silent in the workplace regarding their alternate sexual orientation for fear of job loss.
From the Paper
"The last half of the twentieth century marked an era of worldwide progress and change unparalleled in the history of civilization. It was an era in which many long-standing barriers of social and economical segregation and stratification were battered down by the progressive and productive concepts of integration and assimilation. In the fifty years that encompassed this half-century of change, many traditional discriminations regarding race, gender and power were overcome and both sexual and ethnic minorities gained considerable ground in the areas of social and economical equality."
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Aztec Human Sacrifices, 1993.
An analysis of the views of the Spanish conquistadors including their role in religion and culture and theories on sacrifice.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the New World, they found a flourishing civilization firmly in place in the form of the Aztecs of Mexico. Within a short time, the Spanish had destroyed this civilization and eradicated much of its culture. In addition to the desire for conquest, gold, and similar purposes, the conquistadors were grossly offended by the idolatry of the Aztecs and by one particular religious practice, that of human sacrifice. The Aztecs are not the only civilization in the world to have practiced human sacrifice, but it is one of the better-documented cases of such a practice and one which has been much studied in the literature.
Indeed, as archaeologist Nigel Davies notes, to most people the word "Aztec" is synonymous with human sacrifice. One reason may be that unlike what can be found with similar practices in..."
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Leviticus Sacrifices, 2004.
This paper discusses the various sacrifices presented in the early chapters of Leviticus.
4,050 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 8 sources, $ 143.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the nature and significance of the various sacrifices presented in the early chapters of Leviticus. The writer examines the cultural and narrative context in which Leviticus appears. Further, the writer discusses the pattern of ideas in the part of the text that deals with sacrifice.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to provide a survey of the nature and significance of the various sacrifices presented in the early chapters of Leviticus. The plan of the research will be to set forth the cultural and narrative context in which Leviticus appears and then to discuss the pattern of ideas in the part of the text that deals with sacrifice as well as the latent meanings and implications that derive from its preoccupation with sacrifice. If it can be said that the book of Exodus ... "
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