| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "RWANDA SEARCH JUSTICE": |
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Rwanda: The Search for Justice, 2005.
A look at how Rwanda can best achieve post-conflict peace.
1,829 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the task of bringing justice to the victims of the Rwandan genocide, as well as reconciliation between the Hutu and Tutsi tribes. The paper describes a judicial system known in Rwanda as "gacaca" and argues that it is the wisest method of bringing about quick and fair justice to the people of Rwanda and of creating an atmosphere of reconciliation between the tribes.
From the Paper
"The extent of the Rwanda genocide is critical and can only be resolved through a speedy justice. The genocide began in April 1994 and lasted only one hundred days. However, as George Packer writes in "Justice On A Hill: Genocide Trials in Rwanda," during those one hundred days, almost one million Rwandans were killed. In some villages, this meant that 75% of the population was murdered (59). Encouraged by their government and radio broadcasts, the Hutu population went to the streets and killed Tutsis. Even Hutu and Tutsi friends, who had grown up together became enemies. The actual events of the genocide, day by day, are still not known. As Packer explains, there are different accounts and different view points regarding the events that occurred during the genocide. Some assume that all Hutu were involved."
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Post-Genocide Cultures and Modes of Justice, 2008.
A review of three articles that discuss issues regarding post-genocide cultures and modes of justice and reconciliation.
1,162 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the experiences of post-genocide societies and how they achieve justice and reconciliation. It discusses three articles that develop broad lessons for societies transitioning from authoritarian cultures of impunity, to cultures of accountability and democracy. The paper looks at "The Case of the Lord's Resistance Army Insurgents in Northern Uganda" by Phillip Kasaija, "Conclusion: A Common Objective, a Universe of Alternatives" by Eric Stover and Harvey Weinstein and "After Arusha: Gacaca Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda" by Alana Tiemessen.
From the Paper
"The relationship between legal responses to the state's past repression and the legal approaches chosen to effectuate political change to transform the society into a democracy are important. A society's perceptions of the role of law in the previous authoritarian regime may well influence the willingness of the new regime to utilize legal institutions to attain accountability and justice in the transition to democracy. If the previous legal order was subservient to the political machinery of the dictatorial regime, then its potential for transforming the society into a democracy might be limited. To prevent this from happening, the new democratic regime should emphasize the rule of law in rebuilding its society. Although the legal machinery might not be immediately available to deal with the egregious behavior of the previous regime, the development of a new legal order should be a priority of the democratic regime in order to create respect for the rule of law which will ultimately lead to a greater respect for human life."
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The Search and Seizure Law, 2007.
This paper discusses the Fourth Amendment and the controversy surrounding vehicle searches and consent to search issues.
2,777 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses federal and state case law involving the Fourth Amendment. The paper shows how the right to protection from unreasonable search and seizure is not a simple issue, particularly when dealing with the search of vehicles. The paper highlights how there are no consistent laws regarding search and seizure of vehicles; there are differing opinions of various courts on these issues. The paper concludes that motorists will continue to be confused and the rights of American citizens will continue to be in jeopardy.
From the Paper
"When originally drafted, the Fourth Amendment sought to protect the colonists from unreasonable search and seizure in smuggling cases. Prior to the Amendment, the English authorities used writs of assistance, or general warrants that authorized officials to search anything and seize any goods. These writs remained in effect for the lifetime of the king. In 1760, when King George II passed away, these writs were challenged by James Otis on the grounds these writs went against the English constitution (FindLaw, "History."). As a result, when the Amendments to the United States constitution were drafts, a protection of unreasonable search and seizure was included in the rights of the people."
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Rwanda: Crimes against Humanity, 2005.
A discussion on how best to serve justice with regard to the Rwandan genocide and eliminate the ethnic conflict between the Hutus and Tutsis.
1,456 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that, in order to fulfill the objectives of justice and resolving ethnic conflict, Rwanda should hold criminal tribunals for retributive justice against the people who organized the genocide. Traditional Rwandan trial practices, called 'gacacas,' should be called for restorative justice against those who participated in the genocide.
From the Paper
"The international community and the Rwandan victims of genocide decided that the victims of the Rwanda genocide must face trial and punishment for their actions. Most agree that a criminal justice tribunal had to be established to punish the perpetrators of the Rwandan genocide. War crimes tribunal is created to inspect the perpetrators accused of violating human rights. It places the responsibility on individuals instead of social groups which will provide the victim's need of justice. According to Carroll article, "Rwanda face village justice", "the purpose of war crimes tribunals is to provide peace and prevent future violations which enforce the norms. It has the ability to prosecute those persons accused of human rights violations."
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Bioinformatics Search Engine, 2007.
Describes the Western Washington University Periodic Search Agent for Protein Database Information or WWU Search Agent, a research project developed under the guidance of one of Western Washington University's biosciences professor.
959 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a recent initiative of the The National Center for Biotechnology Information, which is a national resource for molecular biology information. The project is known as Western Washington University Periodic Search Agent for Protein Database Information or WWU Search Agent. This web-based search engine browses and does periodic searches of the protein databases of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool or BLAST. The writer describes the benefits of this project, which include its interfacing with the NCBI BLAST and the continuous updates and enhancements done by NCBI on the system.
Includes Charts:
Chart - Content of Protein Sequence Databases
Fig. 1 - General Subsequence and Database Input Area
Figure 2 - Options for Advanced BLASTing Input Area
Figure 3 - Format input area for report outputs
From the Paper
"The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) finds regions of local similarity between sequences. The program compares nucleotide or protein sequences to sequence databases and calculates the statistical significance of matches. BLAST can be used to infer functional and evolutionary relationships between sequences as well as help identify members of gene families. The summary of the Content of Protein Sequence Databases with the sequences they contain are as follows: (NCBI, 2006)"
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Rwanda Genocide Trial, 2004.
This paper discusses the effects of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) sentencing two Rwandan journalists to life imprisonment for their role in fanning the flames of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ICTR decision comes almost a decade after the genocide in Rwanda, which began in April 1994 and continued for over 100 days; during this period, members of the Rwandan Hutu majority slaughtered over 800,000 members of the minority Tutsi tribe, mostly using machetes. The author points out that, though the trials are not over, the decisions are having an important impact on the future of Rwanda, such as the new Constitution, which prevents both the Hutus and the Tutsis from dominating the legislature or the cabinet. The paper stresses that one of the biggest challenges remaining is in the health service sector, in general, and among Rwanda's rising AIDS population, in particular.
From the Paper
"Economic analysts like Ford (2003) thus suggest that rather than trying to recapture the markets it lost in crops such as bananas, beans and sorghum, Rwanda could instead concentrate on trying to revive its coffee trade. This suggestion holds much merit, considering how the Rwandan landscape is covered with coffee plantations, much of the population lives in rural areas and the current boom in specialty and fair trade coffees. It is unrealistic to expect Rwanda to have any active tourism trade in the near future. Instead, Rwanda could capitalize on the coffee trade and should take care to diversify its export crops. Thus, after the coffee crops are underway, Ford (2003) suggests plantations could also cultivate tobacco and the government could look into developing Rwanda's mining industry."
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Search for Extraterrestrial Life, 2005.
An overview of the Search for Extraterrestrial Life project and the technology it uses in its search for extraterrestrial life.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project and its search for extraterrestrial life via the capture and analysis of radio signals and use of cutting edge technology.
From the Paper
"Ever since ancient times, man has wondered about the existence of intelligent life on other planets. Speculation about what that life might be like has fueled the entire science fiction literary genre as well as a substantial number of movies, some of them excellent. Now, in the 21st Century, the search for extraterrestrial life has moved from the realm of science fiction into the realm of real science. New discoveries, new tools and cutting edge technologies have made the search for extraterrestrial life systematic, scholarly,..."
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Search and Seizure Laws, 2002.
This paper discusses search and seizure laws based on the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States.
2,080 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that the Constitution of the United States provides protection from illegal search and seizure through the Fourth Amendment, but the Fourth Amendment is written in such a way that it can be vague when it comes to what is and what is not a legal search and seizure. The author points out that searches and seizures must have reasonable reasons for being requested and for being authorized and conducted; when a search is allowed, it must be backed by affirmations or oaths that explain why the search is being requested. The paper concludes that any time one studies issues of the Fourth Amendment rights to be protected from search and seizure that is unreasonable, it is important to understand that the case may look very similar to others, but may be completely different when the facts are examined.
From the Paper
"The judges who ruled in each case commented that if the jacket had been locked in a briefcase within the van it might have called to question the driver?s ability to consent to a search. This was an interesting ruling especially since previous cases regarding similar issues have been decided I favor of the government as well as against the government and its claim to the right to search possessions within a stopped vehicle."
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Search Warrants, 2006.
This paper discusses the search warrant, its nature, the required procedures and issues faced by the criminal justice system today.
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the United States, to search private property in their criminal investigations, the police are normally required to have a written search warrant. The author points out the very strict guidelines for search warrants, which were created to protect individual citizens from unwarranted abuses by the police and the justice system. The paper states that the hysterical reaction of the authorities and society to the events of 9/11 has resulted in a significant change regarding the criminal justice system and its rules so that searches, warrants and their concomitant rules have become flexible and arbitrary.
Table of Contents:
Requirements and Procedures
Exceptions
Additional Types of Search Warrants
9/11 Issues and Concerns
From the Paper
"Blood samples are normally required in situations where endangerment is caused by an over-indulgence in substances such as drugs or alcohol. Driving under the influence, for example, is such a situation. Surreptitious surveillance is also an issue that is under the control of courts and would be a violation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms if conduced without a warrant. As will be seen, this has become an extremely controversial issue in the United States."
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Search Engines: Warehouses of Information, 2000.
An explanation of how various search engines on the Internet work.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper defines what a search engine is and explains how various search engines work. There is a search engine glossary which provides an explanation of the various search methods and an evaluation of some of the bigger search engines on the Internet.
From the Paper
"As defined by an online encyclopedia called Webopedia, a search engine is ?a program that searches documents for specified keywords and returns a list of the documents where the keywords were found. Although search engine is really a general class of programs, the term is often used to specifically describe systems like Alta Vista and Excite that enable users to search for documents on the World Wide Web and USENET newsgroups?1. In a logistical sense, a search engine acts like a warehouse. The following demonstrates how web pages are found and indexed, then stored like inventory until a user requests the keyword(s) or subject found in those particular web pages."
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Rwanda Genocide, 2007.
This paper looks at the Rwanda genocide, concentrating on the failure of the United Nations to fulfill its peacekeeping role.
3,341 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines the causes and events that led to the failure of the United Nation's peacekeeping mission in Rwanda. The writer points out that, as the United Nations peacekeeping contingency embarked on its mission, it arrived in Rwanda to find the country in a crisis, composed of civil unrest between the Hutu and the Tutsi, that eventually deteriorated into genocide. The writer maintains that the evidence shows a complete failure on the part of the United Nations and in its ability to intervene or control or have any significant impact on the genocide taking place in Rwanda. Further, the writer claims that there is some evidence that contributions were made by individuals or small groups of individuals who were able to assist in saving a few number of lives, but nothing compared to the 800,000 Rwandans who lost their lives in one of history's darkest times.
Outline:
Introduction
Rwanda
Genocide
United Nations in Rwanda
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The policies of the government are set by the president in consultation with the Council of Government, which is composed of 17 cabinet ministers. The president introduces laws, which are then submitted for approval to the CND. During its first year, this parliamentary body passed 49 laws, including new tax laws, commercial regulations, and modifications to the criminal code. The government is characterized by political moderation and fiscal conservatism and has focused on development problems, especially food production, education, health care, housing, employment, and infrastructure. Ethnic harmony is the government's stated objective, though an objective that has clearly failed to date."
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Search and Seizure Law, 2006.
This article looks at the history of the Search and Seizure Law, known currently in the United States as law under the Fourth Amendment to the Constitution.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history and interpretation of the Search and Seizure Law. The writer discusses how such a law emerged and explains that those wishing to protect their property and privacy against unreasonable search and seizure have often battled governments, courts, employers, secular groups, and even one another in a struggle between the rights of the individual and the rights of the general public and legal systems. Yet while individuals struggle to retain their right to privacy and rights against unreasonable search and seizure, the United States Court system has consistently narrowed these rights. The writer maintains that it is this history of conflict that has led to the current interpretations of the search and seizure law, and has made these issues some of the most important in the United States culture today.
From the Paper
"According to Roman culture, the house was under special protection of the household gods. Anyone who reached the fireplace of a house was offered the protection of the gods. Even Cicero discussed the concept of the home as a protected asylum, when he stated that the house of a citizen was to be defended since in was "a place of refuge so sacred to all men that to be dragged from thence is unlawful" (Lasson, 15).
However, it is in these Roman times that one can begin to see the shift to allow for certain types of search and seizure within a court of law. While individual persons were responsible for their own prosecution against others, they were still given a warrant, which allowed them full rights to gather evidence. This "evidence" included all papers and documents relating to the case, and was obtained through a search of the home of the accused, or through a search of any other home (Lasson, 16). As one can see, the ambiguousness of the warrant for search and seizure allowed the prosecution to search anyone, and seize any documents they felt "necessary"."
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Student Search and Seizure Case, 2007.
A case study of a hypothetical situation in which a student was searched and arrested at school for possession of cocaine and a comparison with real life cases of the same nature.
1,074 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This three page paper analyzes the constitutionality of searches and seizures in schools. The writer explores a hypothetical case in which a student was searched and arrested when a cocaine pipe was found in her coat pocket. It then applies real life cases to the argument that the search of the hypothetical student at school, was illegal.
From the Paper
"In the TLO case the court ruled that the authorities had no reasonable suspicion that there were cigarettes in the student's purse. In our case, the officer had no reasonable suspicion that the student's coat pocket would contain drugs therefore he had no right to perform the search of her person."
"The weakest argument we have is the argument that the school did not have the right to search because it has no claim as the parent substitute. Several courts have upheld school searches with the ruling that the school operates as the parent during school hours, therefore the student has no right to privacy from school authorities.
However in the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O. the courts found that schools do not in fact act as parents."
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Police Searches and Seizures, 2001.
This essay is an overview of police searches and seizures and the problematic aspects of them.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a very brief overview of police searches and seizures in the form of a literature review of some of the most important issues that have been addressed in this area. It examines the arena of search and seizure from a legal point of view, because it is part of the law enforcement agency. It details the latitude that police and other law enforcement agents are allowed to carry out searches and seizures, and if they are rightfully carries out. It details jurisdiction of prevailing local political and judicial thinking and the considerable variance in the amount of protection given to the individual rights of the accused person because of local custom in different regions of the United States.
From the Paper
"The subject of police searches and seizures is both complex and wide-ranging and has been for a number of years one of the most important concerns in American policing and judicial circles. This paper provides a very brief overview of the topic in the form of a literature review of some of the most important issues that have been addressed in this area.The arena of search and seizure covers all those practices engaged in by law enforcement officers to gain sufficient evidence to ensure the arrest and conviction of an offender (Polyvios, 1982, p. 18). The latitude allowed police and other law enforcement agents to carry out searches and seizures varies considerably from jurisdiction to jurisdiction due to prevailing local political and judicial thinking and there is considerable variance in the amount of protection given to the individual rights of the accused person because of local custom (Rossow &Stefkovich, 1996, p. 38)." It gives examples of several cases where police searches were wrongfully carried out and details their rulings."
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