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Russian Futurism, 2002.
An analysis of Russian futurism and concepts of a Russian utopia through a literature review.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the ideas of Russian futurism that was so prevalent in the Russia at the beginning, and the middle of the 20th century. By realizing the contributions of some of its authors, a look at the language of Zuam will be analyzed, as well the literature that so powerful in setting this example for Russian culture. By arguing for a lapse in the final stages of a Russian utopia, we can see how this artistic was a valued one, but held secondary to the Dada Movement and other radical elements in the time that held greater sway in their influence.
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Ukrainian-Russian Relations, 2007.
This paper uses Ukraine as a case study to examine Russia's attempt at regional domination.
5,946 words (approx. 23.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 141.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that while Ukraine retains its autonomy, it has not been able to free itself from the power and influence of its former ruler. This paper examines the importance of Ukraine for Russia in its attempt to gain regional dominance, the various methods Russia has used and continues to use to impose its will on its former republic and bring the country firmly under its control, the possible options for Kiev to begin to lessen its dependence on Russia and finally, what the future of Ukraine-Russian relations is likely to hold. The paper includes MLA style footnotes but does not append a bibliography.
Outline:
The Economic and Strategic Importance of Ukraine for Russia
Moscow's Policies and Methods for Influencing Ukraine and Controlling the Region
Ukraine's Possibilities for Decreasing Russian Influence
The Future of Ukrainian-Russian Relations
From the Paper
"A defining moment in the history of Ukraine is that of the Pereyaslav agreement of 1654, in which the Cossack Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky swore allegiance to the Tsar of Muscovy. Thus began more than three centuries of Russian rule, which finally ended with the fall of the Soviet Union in December 1991 and the official Russian recognition of Ukrainian sovereignty. The transition period following the collapse however, has been neither smooth nor easy, and since 1991, Ukraine and Russia have been engaged in a continuous conflict over a wide range of economic, political and security issues. Importantly, while Ukraine retains its autonomy, it has not been able to free itself from the power and influence of its former ruler. This paper will examine the importance of Ukraine for Russia in its attempt to gain regional dominance, the various methods Russia has used and continues to use to impose its will on its former republic and bring the country firmly under its control, the possible options for Kyiv to begin to lessen its dependence on Russia, and finally, what the future of Ukraine-Russian relations is likely to hold."
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The Russian Mafia versus the Japanese Yakuza, 2008.
This is a comparative paper between the Russian Mafia and the Japanese Yakuza and includes the topics of how each is organized, the methods used, and their respective histories.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the many similarities and few differences between the Russian Mafia and the Japanese Yakuza. Specifically, the paper looks at how each is organized, the methods each employs, and the respective histories of each organization. In so doing, the paper ultimately argues that the chief differences between the two organizations are twofold: the Russian Mafia, for historical and cultural reasons, is even more powerful than its Japanese counterpart because of its close ties to the Russian state, and the Russian Mafia is even more brutal in its methods than the Yakuza - or most anyone else. In the final analysis, Robert I. Friedman and other close observers are not wrong to view the "Red Mafiya" with trepidation and dread.
Outline:
Introduction
How the Japanese Yakuza is Organized
How the Russian Mafia is Organized
The Methods Employed by the Japanese Yakuza
The Methods Employed by the Russian Mafia
History of the Japanese Yakuza
History of the Russian Mafia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Russian Mafia has been around at least as long as its Yakuza counterpart. James O. Finckenauer writes that stealing the Czar's timber was not considered criminal during much of modern Russian history and professional criminals in the early years of the twentieth century conspired with Marxist political revolutionaries to overthrow first the Czar and then the short-lived revolutionary government that followed. While it is not clear, it appears as though the modern-day Russian Mafia was shaped by the exigencies of the Soviet-era Communist economy - an economy that often failed to provide adequately for its citizens. As a result, a 'shadow' economy sprang up, and it was one in which a criminal entrepreneurial class able to operate outside the law found the perfect climate in which to flourish."
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Russian Music, 2002.
An analysis of the history of Russian music, including a focus on its impact on present day Russian society.
1,062 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the ups and downs of Russian music throughout the Soviet Union?s tumultuous history. The paper examines the impact that music has on Russians today. This paper also discusses the music during the pre-revolutionary years, post-revolutionary years, the Stalin years, the post-Stalin years, and Gorbachev?s perestroika years.
From the Paper
"The years before the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the Russian revolution of 1917 are considered the pre-revolutionary years. The Russian Revolution of 1905 was an unsuccessful attempt to topple the ruling czar and it all started with the Bloody Sunday Massacre. The Russian revolution of 1917 succeeded in overthrowing the imperial government and replacing them with the Bolsheviks. The pre-revolutionary years, in Russia, were filled with Byzantium liturgical chants, nationalistic folk songs, operas, and symphonies. In 988, Prince Vladimir of Kiev decided that Russian?s national religion would be Byzantine Orthodoxy and that?s how the Byzantium liturgical chants ended up in Russia. However, after the Russians created their own style of liturgical chants, it was called znammeny chants. This type of music was entirely vocal and there were no musical instruments accompanying the chants."
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Russian Organized Crime, 2007.
This paper discusses the Russian mafia and the dangers they pose today.
914 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the origins of Russian organized crime and its activities in the U.S. The paper discusses how Russian organized crime exploits technology in a variety of white-collar computer crimes including counterfeiting, credit card schemes and insurance frauds. The paper labels the Russian mafia as one of the most dangerous organized crime groups in the world today. The paper relates that not only is the Russian mafia extremely violent and versatile in its choice of criminal activities, it also holds no qualms about trafficking in nuclear weaponry between countries and political terror organizations. The paper contends that the Russian mafia should be one of the top priorities for worldwide law enforcement and control.
From the Paper
"Russian organized crime (or the Russian mafia) spread quickly after the evaporation of the Soviet Union in 1991. Organized crime spread quickly in Russia, and many experts believe one reason was that the chaotic government system after the breakup resulted in an atmosphere of mistrust and bribery in order to survive. One historian notes, "In order to survive, ordinary citizens had to act like criminals; they had to master the intricacies of the corrupt state bureaucracy, learn how to bribe officials, and develop skills in forging and counterfeiting documents" (Kelly, 2000, p. 268). Thus, the conditions were perfect for the growth and sustenance of a healthy organized crime culture in the former Soviet Union, and this quickly spread to the United States."
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Russian Literature, 2002.
A discussion of the life and literary work of Russian emigres.
3,106 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the life and literary work of Russian emigres draws upon a very distinct Russian tradition of intellectuals in exile and how both the Russian Empire and Soviet Union had many exiles, both inside the empire and outside it. It looks at how many of those that left voluntarily early in their lives such as Vladimir Nabokov, Boris Pasternak, and Ayn Rand, reflected the sentiments of those that were later forced into political exile, which include Brodsky, Solzhenitsyn and Sakhalov. In particular, it focuses on Nabokov?s cohort of Russian emigres to Europe and America.
From the Paper
"Nabokov was a native of Saint Petersburg, which at the time of his childhood dominated Russian culture as it had been the home of the Czar and represented not only the seat of the Russian government but also its connection to the commerce of the west. Nabokov, like Rand and other emigres who grew up in Piter during the aughts and teens, was a child of privilege who vacationed in the Crimea and in continental Europe; in many respects he was similar to the upper middle class that one finds today in Moscow. Nabokov grew up in a wealthy suburb of St. Petersburg; at that time, small villages like Vyra and Tsarsky Celo had regular rail service to the center of town. He was taught by private tutors and spoke several languages from a very early age."
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The Russian Worker, 2001.
Examines the life of Russian laborers under the Tzarist Regime.
1,657 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The Russian working population changed dramatically when the country modernized during the late Imperial age. It was a drastic change for a Russian peasant to go from living in a small village and working a variety of tasks to going to the large cities and specializing in one task. Using Victoria Bonnell's book "The Russian Worker" as a reference, this paper evaluates this shift, as well as the Russian government's actions toward labor.
From the Paper
"As thousands of peasants moved out of villages, a new type of worker was formed. Their individual identities and their concepts of their roles in society all changed. The first revolution in 1905 was due to poor working conditions and the need on the part of the workers to be herd. Although the old regime stayed in tact, many workers began to comprehend the political power of their actions. After some time, many workers residing in large factories formed the working class."
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"Russian Folk Belief", 2004.
A review of the book, "Russian Folk Belief", by Linda Ivanits.
1,615 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Linda Ivanits?s book, "Russian Folk Belief". The paper states that the book is a foundational, and possibly one-of-a-kind work, exploring concepts of Russian culture that have previously been unknown. The bedrock themes that are present within Ivanits's work are continually demonstrated within her text through real memories and experiences of Russian people. The paper describes how Ivanits clearly demonstrates how a tradition associated with eons of standards and cultural practices has evolved through more modern times into the age of Christianity. Each section of her book weaves the roots of Russian folk belief with the dominance of the Christian ethic and practice.
From the Paper
"Ivanits give and initial account of the Pagan history of many supernatural beliefs and identities all of which are rich and varied and inclusive of the Russian peasant lifestyle. Ivanits then moves on to introduce the reader to the themes as they associate to the names and faces of the Christian personages. Superimposition of the personification of the saints and characters of the past in Russian Orthodoxy is proven without a doubt to be associated with the foundational personifications of historical supernatural pagan identities. "
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The Russian Orthodox Church, 2005.
A brief history of the Russian Orthodox Church.
1,412 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the origins, history, traditions, and teachings of the Russian Orthodox Church. The paper also looks at the role it plays in the lives of many Russians, how the Church was treated by governments of different eras in Russian history, and describes the architecture and design of typical Orthodox Churches.
From the Paper
"The Russian Orthodox Church has a strong political and spiritual influence over the entire Russian state. They believe two thousand years ago, Jesus Christ, the Son of God, came to earth and founded the Church through his apostles and disciples, for the salvation of man. In the years, which followed, the Apostles spread the Church and its teachings far and founded many churches partaking of the Mysteries or Sacraments of the Holy Church. God the Father is considered the fountainhead of the Holy Trinity. Jesus Christ is the second person of the Holy Trinity, eternally born of the Father. The Holy Spirit is considered one of the persons of the Holy Trinity and is one essence with the Father. Incarnations refer to Jesus Christ coming. The eternal Son of God the Father assumed to himself a complete human nature from the Virgin Mary. Salvations means the divine gift through men and women are delivered from sin and death and united to Christ and brought into his eternal kingdom. Baptism means the way a person is actually united to Christ. The experience of salvations is initiated in the waters of Baptism."
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The Russian Experience in the U.S., 2006.
This well-researched paper examines the Russian immigration to America which dates back to 1720.
4,710 words (approx. 18.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This in-depth paper details the Russian immigration to the U.S. which began in 1720 with Vitus Bering. This paper describes the mitigating factors that pushed many Russians over the years to leave their homeland in pursuit of a better life, including religious persecution and communism. The writer of this paper describes the various religions and ethnicities within Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. This paper chronicles the rich cultural heritage the immigrants brought with them to the U.S. particularly in theater, ballet, dance and music. Also discussed in this paper is the extreme prejudice subjected on immigrants during the 1950s, the age of McCarthyism. This paper contains facts and information pertaining to the various waves of immigration from the late 1880s to the early 1920s. This paper also details how well the Russian community at present has adapted to life in the U.S. in regards to employment, education, language and political beliefs.
From the Paper
"The linguistic transition is more difficult for older immigrants, especially those who remain in enclaves where there is a significant population of others who speak the same language. Younger immigrants are more adept at learning a new language since their natural ability to assimilate a new language is higher at their age. In addition, the cultural influences that surround them and peer pressure act as a powerful impetus to learn English. The globalization of the economy presents a greater opportunity for those who are bilingual, creating jobs that they are uniquely qualified for."
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Russian Intelligence Structure and Operations, 2002.
Examines how the Russian government pursues its foreign intelligence operations and espionage, specifically in the U.S.
2,466 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the workings of the SVR (Russian Foreign Intelligence Service), GRU (Main Intelligence Directorate of General Staff) and FAPSI (Federal Agency for Government Communications and Information). It examines how the changing of the KGB into FSB affected the role of Russian intelligence. The paper explores how the Russians operate their espionage systems all over the world and specifically inside the U.S. Finally, the paper looks at how Cuba and its facilities are helping Russia perform espionage operations in the White House and the Pentagon.
From the Paper
"The Russian Federation has a significant intelligence capability that it inherited from former Soviet Union. Much of this intelligence collection infrastructure continues to focus on collecting information concerning the United States. Russia has the ability to use IMINT, SIGINT, HUMINT, MASINT and open source analysis to develop all source intelligence products for Russian political leaders, military planners, and industrial concerns. According to FBI, Russian intelligence operations against the United States have increased in sophistication, scope, and number and are likely to remain at a high level for the foreseeable future."
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The Russian Revolution, 2007.
An analysis of the changes that occurred in Russia following the Russian Revolution of 1917.
2,885 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the events leading up to and following the Russian Revolution in 1917. The paper specifically discusses whether the Russian Revolution changed Russian society on fundamental levels. It concludes that it is an excellent example of a nation that suffered through the blood and destruction of revolution, and yet, emerged unchanged on fundamental levels. The paper describes why this is the case.
From the Paper
"Russia is an excellent example of a nation that suffered through the blood and destruction of revolution, and yet, emerged unchanged on fundamental levels. The basic principles of Russian autocracy remained self-evident under communist rulers like Stalin. Tsarist society, with its largely immobile masses, held in thrall by the power of the state, continued to exist in the form of the voiceless workers of Communist times. The collectivized economy, and top down economic control of the Imperial period had its counterpart in the collective farms and five-year-plans of the Soviet communist party dictators. Culture too, conformed to the same patterns of state-endorsed propaganda and accepted forms, set against the rebellion of individuals. Crane Brinton's theory on Revolution applies to Russia as it applies to so many other places and times, showing as it does, the difficulties, and near-impossibilities of completely transforming a nation in a short period of time."
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Perspectives on the Russian Commune, 2002.
A description and comparison of the views of the Russian Commune
2,201 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how The Russian Commune formed the backbone of the Russian Empire. It explores its functions and jurisdiction and shows that these are the key to understanding the daily circumstances of nearly 85% of the 19th Century Russian population.
From the Paper
"According to Hoch, von Haxthausen and Mackenzie Wallace ?the functions and powers of the ... commune were extensive? and ?constitute ? the real foundation of the entire social order? . In their view, the Mir provided a collective mechanism for addressing communal issues, and from a peasant?s perspective represented, as the word?s meaning suggests , the totality of their earthly experience. The Mir decided amongst others issues: land allotments, taxes, communal expenditures, punishments (for infractions among individuals of different households), supervised the heads of households, served as a safety net for indigent members of the community and importantly, decided who would be recruited into military service. Hoch, von Haxthausen and Mackenzie Wallace also coincide in the patriarchal foundation and egalitarian objectives of the Mir, which was dominated by the heads of households (Selski Starosta), who met as part of the village assembly (Selski Skhod) to regulate important matters. Clearly, the Mir did much to bind peasants to the land and each other. "
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Russian Revolution, 2005.
An overview of the Russian Revolution.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper is on the Russian Revolution, its causes, its aftermath, and the rule of Stalin through the first half of the twentieth century. The paper notes that the Russian Revolution in 1917 was based essentially on principles espoused by Marx and Engels and then reshaped by Lenin and others in the era prior to the onset of the revolt. The revolution was an expression by the Russian people that they wanted a change in leadership, in economic structure, and in how society was ordered.
From the Paper
"The Russian Revolution put the ideas of Marx to the test, but ideology was not the cause of the revolution but only one of the tools brought to bear in a social situation that had already deteriorated to an intolerable degree. The revolution was directed in part at correcting the ills of the serfdom that marked the agricultural sector. (Keep 3). Marx and Engels never wrote directly about the situation in Russia in any depth, but they did make certain references to it that would demonstrate to us how they viewed the matter."
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English Structure vs. Russian Translation, 2005.
A report on the structure of the English and Russian languages as they pertain to the unique skill of translation.
3,107 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This report focuses on differences between the Russian and English languages in terms of word and object meanings, direct translations, sayings, rules in grammar and other critical lexical rules such slang and idiom use.
Introduction
History of Russian in America
Lexicography
Semasiology
Russian Structure
Translation by Dictionary
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The actions of Post World War II Soviet Union and World War II itself were major reasons for Russian becoming a common course in American colleges. Prior to 1940, there were less than twenty universities in America offering Russian language programs and less than fifty percent of those had a true Russian/Slavic department. Other tell-tale signs of the popularity of Russian in American schools can be demonstrated by the fact that there were only three Russian doctoral programs at the time of post World War II Europe. However, relations with the Soviet Union grew as a result of the war which also had the dramatic affect of increasing an interest in the Russian language. The war therefore increased the number of universities in the United States offering Russian to over one hundred ninety in the 1950's."
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