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Researching Unemployment and the Crime Rate, 2004.
This paper discusses the proposed methodology for researching the effects of unemployment on the crime rate.
1,970 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the author wants to test the hypothesis that the larger the unemployment rate, the larger the number of crimes that will be committed. The author proposes that reviewing the available literature provides the best method to determine the type and frequency of crimes and then tries to compare this information against employment figures. The paper explains that this mega-research offers much insight into how unemployment can affect the crime rate and why it is important that this issue be dealt with.
Table of Contents
Problem or Objective
Subjects for Study
Ethical Considerations
Measurement
Data Collection Methods
Analysis
From the Paper
"All of these variables can be defined in a very straightforward manner, and they can be discovered through information found in the research of others. Most of the research variables that this research intends to study have been studied before, but looking at so many variables in one study is not all that common. Most often, only one or two variables are examined, and while this brings clarity of focus to the particular study, it does not allow for consideration of the many other factors that may be important. This clarity of focus on only one or two things often brings confusion about the larger issue, and since it does not take into account the many other reasons that may affect someone's decision to commit a criminal act, many limitations are involved that could have been removed had the study examined more potential variables in an effort to see the whole picture, rather than just a part of it."
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Unemployment and Crime Rates, 2004.
Looks at the effect that unemployment has had on the crime rates in New York City.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the effects of unemployment on the crime rates in New York City in the past few years. Initially, the paper focuses on data and statistics concerning the correlation between the increase in unemployment rates and subsequent increases in crime. The paper then attempts to demonstrate that an increase in the unemployment rate leads to an increase in the crime rate in New York City. The paper also discusses three theories that can explain this positive correlation between unemployment rate and crime rate.
From the Paper
"In the graph (New York Crime Rates 1976-2000) that follows we see that the Crime rates for the same ten year period have actually decreased every year. This is the case in spite of fluctuations in the unemployment rate. There are several reasons why these anomalies exist. The first factor involves an increase in law enforcement personnel and the city?s more aggressive stance on crime. In addition, these statistics ignore many important factors such as race because unemployment rates among minorities are higher. In addition, it does not explain crime rates in neighborhoods where the unemployment rates are higher. Without these factors it is difficult to see the whole picture and what is really happening in these underemployed neighborhoods."
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Crime Rates, 2002.
This paper discusses crime rates all over the world.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In looking at which countries have high and low crime rates, this paper investigates possible reasons for differences in crime rates. The author suggests that it may be that modern countries that function well, without such issues as widespread poverty or extended conflicts, may be able to focus more on issues such as crime prevention, and take more care to gather accurate statistics.
From the Paper
"According to information provided in class from the World Bank, the five countries with the highest crime rate per capita (as defined as attempts to commit a crime as well as crimes actually committed) were New Zealand, with 11,152.5 crimes per 100,000 citizens; Dominica with 10,763.01; Estonia with 10,242.8, Denmark, with 9,449.78; and Chile, with 9.275.91.
The five countries with the lowest rates of crime were Yemen, with 137.52; Azerbaijan, with 173.41; Papua New Guinea with 259.1; Georgia, with 299.14; and Armenia, with 316.8 (CIA, 2002)."
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Measuring Crime Rates, 2007.
This paper attempts to identify appropriate methodologies for exploring crime rates.
1,081 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the theory that the increase in crime rates have led to a need to respond to reported instances of crime, thus requiring increased action on the part of local police, fire and civil service departments. The paper explains that this correlation has been used to justify requisitioning a larger budget for law enforcement. The paper provides a hypothetical research methodology to identify any actual correspondence between these two variables.
Outline:
Introduction
Proposed Methodology
Study Design and Execution
Expected Outcome and Limitations on Methodology
From the Paper
"The research design used to test this potential correlation is quantifiable and seeks to isolate units of measurement between two specific trends (Creswell 17). The first of these trends is an increase in crime statistics. The second is an increase in overtime pay for law enforcement officials. The scope of the research spans from the time when crime rates began to rise, which has been set at seventeen years ago to create an appropriate margin of error. Historical data for crime rates prior to this time period are also known and can be used to create a historical profile of the norms for both crime rates and overtime pay."
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The Crime Rate in America, 2002.
A look at the crime rate trends in the U.S.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses whether crime rates are going up or down in the United States. Various points of view are considered, including those of social science researchers, inner-city residents, politicians, and TV newspersons. Once these opinions are presented, the paper concludes with the opinion of the author.
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Minority Crime Rates, 2005.
This paper provides an analysis of the statistics regarding crimes committed by minorities.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This four page undergraduate paper examines crime statistics, which indicate that minorities commit more crimes and are arrested more often by law enforcement authorities. The writer notes that statistics can be misleading. The writer further points out that crime is more prevalent in minority neighborhoods because of poverty, drugs, and despair, but statistics tend to exaggerate minority crime rates because minorities are targeted more often for attention and arrest than whites.
From the Paper
"Malley notes that racial profiling is a recent law enforcement strategy that enables police officers to stop and question African-Americans or other minorities, simply because statistics indicate that minorities commit more crimes."
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Reducing Crime Rates, 2007.
This paper explores the social roots of deviant behavior and the effective strategies in reducing crime.
757 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses deviant behavior that violates a society's formal norms or laws, constituting criminal behavior. The paper examines the deterrent effect of capital punishment and maintains that it is at best debatable. The paper highlights how capital punishment and increased law enforcement are reactive responses that only address the symptoms of crime. In contrast, a conflict-based approach seeks to address the social inequities that often contribute to criminal behavior in the first place. The paper contends that maintaining the decline in crime calls for these long-term and forward-thinking strategies. The paper stresses that authorities need to address the major causes, including the lack of role models, weakened social institutions and the systemic racism that make it difficult for many to be socially mobile.
From the Paper
"Functionalist sociologists believe that the concept of deviance helps a society define the limits of acceptable behavior. If there were no formal laws, people could engage in behavior such as stealing in order to get what they want and need. These behaviors would undermine social ties and make it difficult for society to function. For functionalists, social programs punish those who have engaged in criminally deviant behavior would serve as a social deterrent. When criminals are punished, the other members of society are motivated to obey the laws."
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Changes In The Unemployment Rate During The Clinton Administration, 1997.
Analyzes the changes in the unemployment rate during the term of President Clinton. The analysis consists of three parts: (a) factors affecting unemployment rate; (b) relationship of inflation to job growth; (c) impact of minimum wage on unemployment.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"CHANGES IN THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE DURING THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION
Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes in the unemployment rate during the term of President Clinton who concludes his second term in office in the year 2000. This analysis will consist of the following parts: a) factors affecting unemployment rate; (b) relationship of inflation to job growth; and (c) impact of minimum wage on unemployment.
Factors Affecting Unemployment Rate
There are numerous factors affecting the job market in the United States: size and education of the work force, technology that replaces workers, industry changes and so on. The major ..."
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Interest Rates and Unemployment, 2002.
A study of the impact of the federal reserve bank raising interest rates on unemployment.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the impact of the Federal Reserve Bank raising interest rates on unemployment is not implicit and is dependent on many other factors.
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The Effect of Short Term Interest Rates on Unemployment, 2002.
The paper looks at the way in which the rise of interest rates will effect the already serious issue of unemployment in the United States.
611 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 21.95
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Abstract
A large increase in rates could deter new investment and signal a slowdown for the booming economy; nevertheless, the government may persist in raising the rates. This paper looks closely at the various effects this rise will have on the market, employment, and investment.
From the Paper
"To combat inflation, the Fed adjusts the Federal Funds rate and the discount rates to tighten the money supply. This is the rate of interest the Fed charges major financial institutions. When the Fed increases the prime rate, this signals a rise in other interest rates. Long-term interest rates are affected more by the expectations of investors; if they believe inflation will rise in the future, they will demand a higher return on their fixed income investments, causing long-term interest rates to rise. Inflation triggers further rises in interest rates because lenders want to be compensated for inflation when they lend money. The greater the rate of inflation, the faster real purchasing power decreases."
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Leisure Activities and Rates of Crime, 2008.
A discussion of the activities theory approach to understanding rates of serious crime.
1,774 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between routine leisure activities and crime. It discusses the activities theory approach and attempts to explain the relationship between macro-level indicators of leisure activities and the rates of serious crime. It also discusses how the way people usually conduct their activities can indicate how likely they are to be victims of crime.
From the Paper
"All in all, it would seem that Messner and Blau (1979) satisfactorily proved their hypothesis. In doing so, they also validated the routine activities theory and Hawley's (1950) human ecology theory. It may also be noted that Cohen and Felson (1979) made a similar hypothesis, using the opportunities for crime aspect of the routine activity theory to predict that crime rates would become higher with greater dispersion of activities away from households and families."
"We can conclude from the above that there is compelling evidence to suggest that the incidence of crime increases in proportion to the amount of time that is spent away from the household."
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Organized Crime, Hate Crime, and Ritualistic Crimes, 2006.
A paper examining police responsibility in investigating hate crimes, organized crime, and ritualistic crimes.
1,767 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of community policing. The author says that for certain types of crime, such as hate crimes, mob-related crimes and ritualistic crimes, police must look at the underlying causes of the crimes rather than just dealing with the perpetrators after the fact. The paper explains why these particular categories differ from other crimes, and why these categories require a different kind of approach from police.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Organized Crime
Hate Crime
Ritual Crimes
Law Enforcement Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Community policing is a term that is becoming increasingly common in police studies and practice. This is a natural result of the increase in the responsibility of the police in a complex and modern environment. This means that policing has to deal not only with the effects of crime but also with the underlying causes of criminal acts in order to be effective. This is especially the case with regard to forms of crime such as hate and ritual crimes which have sensitive and far-reaching social implications. In this regard the responsibility of the police is being shared with other institutions and the community in order to provide a more adequate and comprehensive solution to contemporary crime issues."
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Natural Crime vs. Legal Crime, 2007.
This paper compares and contrasts the concepts of "natural crime" and "legal crime", using each of the crime classifications on the FBI's crime index.
1,409 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the seven classifications of crime listed in the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. The paper determines which crimes might be considered "mala in se", crimes that are inherently dangerous or "mala prohibita", crimes not inherently wrong, but are considered criminal because their prohibition is necessary to regulate the general welfare. The paper asserts that the crimes in which human life is lost, in threat of being lost or violated in any way, should be considered "mala in se." The paper posits that crimes in which property or belongings are lost or taking away, should be considered "mala prohibita" because property is less valuable than human life.
From the Paper
"Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, as defined in the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program, is the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. (www.fbi.gov) There are some homicides that are reduced to a lesser crime because there was no intent evident in the act. The intent to kill is where the defendant consciously desired to cause death or where the defendant intended to cause great bodily harm. There are other crimes of murder that are justified or excusable. An example of this is if an intruder entered a home with a gun, the occupants could murder the intruder and not be charged with a homicide. The occupants could argue that they were protecting their family from being murdered by the intruder."
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Natural crimes and legal crimes, 2006.
Looks at the distinction between natural crimes and legal crimes.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the distinction between natural crimes, also known as mala per se crimes, and legal crimes, also known as mala prohibita crimes. It looks at the FBI crime index and assesses whether these crimes are mala per se or mala prohibita.
From the Paper
T"here are two major types of crimes natural crimes and legal crimes which are now referred to as mala per se crimes and mala prohibita crimes respectively. Crime A crime is defined by law as an act ..."
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Hate Crimes: Crimes Against Man or God?, 2006.
A discussion regarding hate crimes and the reasons that such acts are incited.
1,139 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at hate crimes. The paper defines hate crimes, provides statistics and provides modern day examples of hate crimes. The paper further explains that hate crimes are not only against the laws created by man, but also that of God.
From the Paper
" We now know the term "hate crimes" was introduced in 1985: clearly an act of commission, but how far back do we need to go to realize that these hateful acts have been apart of society since the beginning of mankind. In the bible, when we read about "The Parable of the Good Samaritan" (Luke 10:25-34); dating back to about A.D. 62, which has me to believe as a Christian, to be in a state of omission, and do nothing about a crime that has taken place is just as much a sin as the crime itself. It's printed in black and white for me in 1John 4:20, "If a man say, I love God, and hateth his brother, he is a liar: for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen but love God whom he hath not seen?" When we read Gospel passages like those in the bible from Luke and 1John, Jesus' message is direct and uncomplicated: love God, love neighbor....Go do it. Looking at the details in these passages can help us understand how Christianity and hatred get mixed up together. It provides us with clues about how to stay clear and focused on God's calling to love. "
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