| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "RELAXATOR PHARMACEUTICALS": |
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Relaxator Pharmaceuticals, 2005.
Examines environmental law through this fictional company.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the case study of Relaxator Pharmaceuticals, a fictional company. Relaxator opened a manufacturing plant on a small river, and after the plant opened there were evident negative repercussions in the environment. The paper shows that two men who made their living off of the land, Farmer Jim and Fisherman Bill, found that the plant reduced the quality of the environment and harmed their livelihoods. However, Relaxator does conform to all Environmental Cleanliness Agency ECA guidelines and thus cannot be proven liable for the damage done to the environment.
From the Paper
"The study of environmental law, particularly where one party's actions have directly or indirectly caused harm to another, is challenging. Environmental law tends to focus upon how and why contaminants and pollutants entered into the environment through identifying their source, then seek to see if the party responsible for creating these contaminants and pollutants could have sought to minimize its impact on the environment. If the party or parties that are responsible for contamination and destruction did not take every foreseeable step to minimize the damage, they can be held responsible for the damage they caused. This paper explores the case study of Relaxator Pharmaceuticals, a fictional company. Relaxator opened a manufacturing plant on a small river, and after the plant opened there were evident negative repercussions in the environment."
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Pharmaceuticals Liability, 2002.
An investigation of product liability in the pharmaceutical industry by looking at the the rights of both the plaintiff and defendant.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the legal grounds under which a plaintiff can file a lawsuit against the pharmaceutical industry, and how the pharmaceutical industry can best answer the claim. Through addressing these issues, it shall be made clear as to which rights the plaintiff (consumer) has, and which rights the defendant (pharmaceutical industry) has within the court system. This paper shall use the case of the drug Tambocor in the 1980s and the early 1990s to better define the limits of the laws for both plaintiffs and defendants.
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Sale of Pharmaceuticals, 2005.
This paper looks at the pharmaceuticals arena and in particular, the drug Crestor.
678 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer examines the drug Crestor (rosuvatatin). The writer looks at the side effects of Crestor. In this article, the writer studies the mechanism of action of the drug Crestor. In addition, the writer describes the drug's uses and its safety. Contained in this research, the writer examines information that is given to the public regarding the drug.
From the Paper
"The drug being researched is Crestor which is used to treat high cholesterol. Crestor rosuvastatin calcium is a prescription medication belonging to the group of drugs known as statins, which lower cholesterol levels. For many people, diet and exercise alone are not enough to reduce cholesterol levels, because most of the cholesterol in the blood is made in the body by the liver and does not come from outside sources. Crestor works by lowering the amount of cholesterol made by the liver. It lowers LDL cholesterol ... "
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Pharmaceuticals in Russia, 2002.
An analysis of the problems in Russia's pharmaceutical industry.
1,936 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of pharmaceuticals in Russia. The writer provides an overview of the history of the topic as well as the current concerns in the field. Fraud and counterfeit in Russia's pharmaceutical industry is discussed in the paper. The paper describes how the nation is moving toward a democratic existence and also working to regulate and legitimize its pharmaceutical industry.
From the Paper
"When the Soviet Union dismantled its communist regime and began to rebuild its entire political and economic structure the world cheered and offered its support. It has been more than a decade and while several areas have been enjoying marked success the pharmaceutical field has been fraught with problems. The pharmaceutical industry in Russia has dealt with many problems including fraud, counterfeit and fake products. It is an industry that by its very nature mandates the strict compliance with purity both in manufacturing as well as cost. Russia works towards that compliance while trying to rid itself of the problems that have come with it."
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Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Inc, 2002.
This paper focuses on the mission and achievements of the pharmaceutical giant Pfizer.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This company has been present in the healthcare industry since 1849 and has given us some of the most well known drugs. Despite some weaknesses the company is poised to retain its status as one of the leading pharmaceutical firms in the 21st century too.
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Dorrence Pharmaceuticals, 2008.
An evaluative ethical discussion of the Dorrence Pharmaceutical company's growth options.
1,411 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Dorrence Pharmaceutical company's dilemmas regarding an immediate response to its diminished growth. The paper utilizes the stakeholder theory as a framework for an evaluative ethical discussion. The paper looks at several scenarios and concludes that Dorrence must address the needs of its stockholders and of its stakeholders as mutually dependent entities.
From the Paper
"A reduction in Dorrence's annual expenditure in Research & Development represents one possible path to the immediate relief of operational costs. Indeed, in a time of short time failures, it becomes imperative for the leadership of an organization to reorient itself accordingly. The long-term value of R&D operations--which we will note are complicated by the uncertain nature specific to innovation in the pharmaceutical industry--becomes quite secondary in the face of immediate declination such as that faced by Dorrence in the scenario here described."
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Technetium Radio-pharmaceuticals, 2003.
This paper describes the diagnostic uses of technetium-based radio-chemical agents in nuclear medicine.
1,372 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the chemical structure and clinical uses of technetium-based radio-pharmaceuticals which have since the 1970s, served as the mainstay for every hospital?s nuclear medicine department. Today, fully 85% of all diagnostic scans in American hospitals use 99mTc in some chemical form. It includes a brief overview of several "technetium-essential" and "technetium-tagged" radio-pharmaceuticals, as well as a discussion of current areas of research and development for new technetium drugs.
From the Paper
"Technetium-99m has several physical properties that make it ideal for use in nuclear medicine. Foremost among these is that Tc-99m generally emits only gamma rays. These gamma ray photons are of a high enough energy (140,000 eV) that they can easily pass through dense tissue and exit the body, but can be effectively stopped and detected by a special gamma camera. Other radionuclides generate alpha and/or beta particles, which are diagnostically useless since they lack the penetrating ability to exit the human body. Worse, the ionizing ability of these decay products can damage tissue."
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Shire Pharmaceuticals - A Company Assessment, 2008.
A well-illustrated assessment of the company, Shire PLC, which has operations world wide.
3,535 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 28 sources, APA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
The paper is an in-depth, fully comprehensive study on the Shire Pharmaceutical Company, concentrating on the issues of finance and accounting. Performances of all sections of the company are highlighted and well-illustrated with graphs and tables, which are easy to analyze and understand. An interesting feature of the paper is a FAQ section which addresses issues, particularly relevant to financial management.
Outline:
Introduction
Methodology
Financial accounting
Financial m
Management accounting
From the Paper
"For the analysis of the literature gathered, one of the main objectives has to be able to present the analyses in a direct and concise manner, utilizing graphic representations or interpretations to illustrate deductions. Whenever possible, the research referred to expert opinions as the foundation of analyses as well as prevailing opinions posted through internet discussions about Shire, the pharmaceutical industry and trends in the FTSE. Models, summaries or tables derived from independent research were also used to facilitate discussion in the construction of the research as well as in the research documentation itself.
The consolidation of insights regarding Shire was done through a process of collaboration which then followed verification through a review of the primary and secondary literature used at the beginning of the research. The final written paper is designed to informative and comprehensive however there was recognition that the study could not be as exhaustive because of limitations on the length of the paper. This is one of the main challenges for the research: considering the amount of information the research required, significant discretion was to be exercised on what was to be included or excluded in the paper."
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Social Responsibility of Pharmaceutical Companies, 2004.
Study of the ethics of pharmaceutical companies when conducting business and promoting their products.
5,370 words (approx. 21.5 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 132.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses several questions concerning the ethical conduct of pharmaceutical companies. The paper considers whether doctors that sit on the boards of companies can be impartial when they make decisions to financially back research/drugs of the pharmaceutical company they represent, as well as what should be the corporate responsibility of the pharmaceutical companies. Also considered is whether pharmaceutical companies have systems in place to keep them ethically responsible and if advertising by pharmaceutical companies actually creates a demand for prescriptions when no need actually exists. Numerous graphs and tables are included.
From the Paper
"Indeed, one of the unique aspects of advertising prescription pharmaceuticals is the caveat ?Ask your doctor?. The consumer cannot go out and directly purchase the product (note that via the internet this is now possible), but traditionally must receive a physician?s endorsement by way of a prescription. The pharmaceutical industry uses this reasoning to defend its promotional tactics, claiming that because doctors ultimately authorize prescriptions the public is insulated from deceptive advertising. Yet research indicates that doctors are likely to prescribe drugs patients request under increasing pressure. Patients often insist on brand names over generic drugs, some of which are just as effective and less costly."
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The Japanese-American Bio-pharmaceutical Industry, 2002.
An insight into the Japanese-American bio-pharmaceutical industry and the availability of drugs in each country.
20,023 words (approx. 80.1 pages), 44 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the Japanese-American bio-pharmaceutical industry represents an ongoing international effort between the two top pharmaceutical markets in the world. It looks at why a number of pharmaceutical products that are currently available to U.S. residents are unavailable to Japanese consumers and how from a humanitarian perspective, this discrepancy denies access to life-enhancing and life-saving drugs to the Japanese population. It proposes a study to evaluate how the United States and Japan can work collaboratively to optimize the availability of ethical pharmaceuticals so that every American and Japanese citizen is permitted free access to life-enhancing and life-saving drugs.
Outline
List of Tables
List of Figures
Chapters
1.Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Importance of the Problem
Definition of Terms
Limitations and Delimitations
2.Review of the Literature
1990 to 1996
1997 to 2002
3.Methodology
Research Design
The Hypothesis
Special Tests
Statistical Procedures Used
Data Gathering
Population Descriptions
4. Results
Statement of the Results
Tables
Charts
Figures
Statistical Findings
5.Summary
Conclusions
Supporting Findings
Contradicting Findings
Recommendations
Additional Research
Implications for Revising the Current Body of Knowledge
Change in Related Practices
Appendices
From the Paper
"Regardless of the strategic tools that are utilized for a meaningful entry into U.S. markets as well as growth, Japanese firms must increasingly rely on local staff. Depending on local staff to manage their business, and providing those managers with sufficient opportunities and incentives, is a management challenge that Japanese pharmaceutical manufacturers have yet to overcome, especially in the United States. This will require a modification of management methods throughout the firm, including domestic headquarters. Such changes will be slow and will be resisted; we expect the issue of bicultural management to be a struggle for most Japanese pharmaceutical firms throughout the 1990s. This ?people issue? also involves a number of organizational matters that many of these firms are now attempting to manage."
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The Pharmaceutical Industry, 2005.
Examines whether prices of medicine in the United States should be regulated.
2,166 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper researches the pharmaceutical industry and answers the question of whether the costs of pharmaceuticals in the United States are too high, and whether the cost of pharmaceuticals should be regulated. Further, this work attempts to answer the question of whether the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) is adequately protecting U.S. citizens from unsafe drugs and whether the U.S. Congress has been co-opted by the pharmaceutical industry. Finally, this work addresses the affordability of the new pharmaceutical benefit that was recently enacted under the Medicare Modernization Act.
Paper Outline:
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Literature Review
Parallel Trading - Arbitrage of Pharmaceuticals
Case Study of Prescription Drug Movement by FDA and U.S. Customs
Medicaid's Prescription Plan - Passed April 2004
Putting Two and Two Together
Case Study in Relation to Costs-Markup by Medicare
Clinical Trials Report
Summary and Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"A study was conducted by the Food and Drug Administration and U.S. Customs in 2001, tracking the movement of legal prescription drugs across seven of the U.S. borders crossings. Detected were 586 individuals carrying 1,120 drugs across borders in a four-hour period. Only half of these individuals were carrying valid prescriptions that were either U.S. or Mexican prescriptions. Politicians from Montgomery, Alabama and Springfield, Massachusetts also arbitrate drugs from Canada for their municipal employees and New England U.S. Department of Health and Human Services intends to provision 100,000 residents with arbitraged prescription medications. (Morais, 2004)"
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Pharmaceutical Industry, 2006.
This paper discusses how the pharmaceutical industry affects the U.S. economy.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the global growth of the pharmaceutical industry and at the important part it plays in the U.S. economy. The writer notes that the United States accounts for 46 percent of the world's pharmaceutical market. The writer discusses the volume and cost of prescriptions dispensed in the United States.
The fact that the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most dynamic and largest sectors in the U.S. economy is examined in this paper. Further, the writer looks at the biotechnology and research fields in this regard. The writer concludes by looking at the growth in employment within the pharmaceutical industry.
From the Paper
"In 1995, the total retail cost of the prescriptions dispensed in the United States advanced 13.9 percent to $64.6 billion, and in terms of prescription volume, the retail market grew 8.3 percent with 1,235,708,000 and 912,565,000 new and refill prescriptions, respectively, dispensed. The pharmaceutical industry continues to look for innovative ways to reach new customers, for according to the Task Force for Compliance of the National Pharmaceutical Council, "noncompliant patients cost the U.S. economy an estimated $100 billion yearly in lost productivity and extra medical costs, not to mention lost product sales." To target the problem of under use, the industry implements disease management programs, as well as patient-focused education and promotional programs."
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| Term Paper # 47523 |
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The Pharmaceutical Industry, 2005.
This paper discusses the economics of the pharmaceutical industry.
3,130 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the intellectual property embodied in a drug is an extremely valuable asset for a pharmaceutical company, and its continued protection is directly related to the company's long-term success or failure. The author points out that Pfizer, the leading pharmaceutical company, has three main business practices and goals, which have overcome successfully the uncertainty in drug development and competitive pressures: (1) Extraordinary portfolio management practices, (2) security of daily management of resources and (3) profitable research and development. The paper relates that, in 1984 Congress passed of the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act, known as the Hatch-Waxman Act, which weakened patent law for pharmaceuticals making it easier for generic copies to enter the market.
Table of Contents
Intellectual Property
Risk and Resource Management
Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration (Hatch-Waxman) Act
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
Amendments to the 1938 Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
From the Paper
"As a result, a high average level of intellectual property protection is economically beneficial. The benefits of strong intellectual property protection are greater in the pharmaceutical industry than they are in other industries, because pharmaceutical firms rely more on patents to protect intellectual property than firms in other industries. When a drug becomes generic as the result of a lost patent, the price goes down, although the demand may remain the same. A less costly drug decreases profits for a pharmaceutical company, which in turn would use the additional profits to invest in their risk and development fund to search for new medicines and cures. Patent law gives pharmaceutical researchers the basic incentive to conduct research and discover new cures."
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Pharmaceutical Licensing, 2004.
An analysis of compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical products.
4,300 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the causes and effects of the compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical products. The paper discusses the fundamental positions, attitude, inclination, and concerns of the developed world and the under-developed world with regard to the intellectual property rights of the pharmaceutical products. The paper also concentrates on the subject of the intellectual property rights of the biotechnology products. The paper also exposes the priorities of both the developed world and the under-developed world, priorities that have been a major hurdle in all previous negotiations on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection. Subsequently, the paper gives practical recommendations that ought to be followed in all future negotiations so that both parties can derive maximum benefits from the patentability of pharmaceutical products.
From the Paper
"Over the years, it has become a general belief that biodiversity will pave the way for a solution to almost all the diseases that exist today and continue to negatively influence our lives. This belief has led scientists to take further steps in the Research and development (R&D) of biotechnology. These steps comprise of various compounds, compounds that are biologically active, compounds that are natural resources, for example microbes, insects, fungi, marine organisms, and plants. However, laboratories are not capable of producing these complex biologically active and complex compounds. This is because the key places of genetic biodiversity are situated in the tropical and the subtropical regions of the world (Tara, 1994). Therefore, it is imperative for biotech scientists to go into the tropical forests with the purpose of locating these biologically active compounds."
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