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Queer Theory and Homosexual Identity, 2006.
A review of the 'History of Sexuality' and Michel Foucault's perspective on the sexual revolution.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 4 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how in the 1970s Michel Foucault wrote the 'History of Sexuality'. Foucault was the first to discuss homosexuality in relation to western society and he developed the basis of queer theory that is used today. The general feeling during this period of time was that people had to begin to discuss their inner most feelings thoughts and behaviors in order to find themselves in the social order. The paper further discusses how sexuality became an important part of that discussion. Yet, as people began to delve into the topic of homosexuality, the dialogue was so intense that, according to Foucault, homosexuals became a species. According to the paper, studies focused on how homosexuals acted in society, what they ate and how they interacted within their own social groups. Every aspect of homosexuality became a factor for social investigation, much like science explores many species of animals.
From the Paper
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Homosexual Identity, 2007.
A review of the development of homosexual identity and the queer theory.
2,574 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the development of homosexual identity from a discursive perspective. It pays particular attention to the contemporary effects that queer theory has on the destabilization of homosexual and gender identity. In order to accomplish this, the paper first discusses the origin of the idea of the homosexual as a separate species, distinct from heterosexual individuals. The paper finally suggests some possibilities about the future of sexual identity.
From the Paper
"The origins of homosexual identity lie in modern socio-cultural and historical construction. Foucault and other theorists have shown identity, even homosexual identity, to be the result of social and cultural forces, not biological or natural ones. As a result, the origins of any identity can be traced to an historical origin point. For homosexual identity, modern attitudes about the speciation of homosexual developed in earnest in the late 19th century in the West and have come to dominate the subsequent century with regard to sexual identity construction. The relatively recent creation of queer theory has revealed the constructed nature of sexual and gender identities. Queer theory provides theorists, and even laypeople, with the understanding that identity is not the immutable natural item we generally assume it to be. Instead, the destabilizing effects of queer theory unmask gender identity for what it is, a social construction still undergoing social change."
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Queer Theory, 2002.
A look at its contribution to our understanding of sexual identity.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This study investigates "Queer Theory's" contribution to our understanding of sexuality and sexual identity. The essay begins by exploring what exactly Queer Theory is, before elaborating on its contribution to discussions of sexuality and sexual identity. My argument is that Queer Theory, as a set of ideas based on the concept that all identities are unfixed and do not determine who we are, has played a profound and fundamental role in shaping our understanding of sexuality and sexual identity. This lies mainly in the theory's potential to question the very idea of sexual identities. Moreover, Queer Theory challenges us to think in new ways, not just about heterosexuality and homosexuality, but about seemingly fixed notions such as sexuality, gender, and even constructions such as 'man' and 'woman.'
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Queer Legal Theory, 2002.
A discussion of The 21st Century?s New Liberationist Theory and how it affects the gay community.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
An examination of the development of Queer Legal Theory in the 21st Century. This paper considers the benefit of forming alliances with previously well established theories such as: Critical Race Theory and Feminist Legal Theory. The recent development of gay and lesbian communities within mainstream society has contributed to the dismantling of invisibility and isolation. Within these communities, gays and lesbians have begun to seek legal reform in attempts to end the discrimination and oppression aimed at their communities. While QLT provides great promise independently, the potential exists for even greater reform through the joint efforts of Feminist, Critical Race and Queer Legal Theories working together to acknowledge their common oppressors and achieve their common goals.
From the Paper
"Within the realm of social sciences there exists a multitude of theories concerning nearly every aspect of human life and interaction. The purpose of these often conflicting or overlapping theories is to provide guidelines for critically examining specific issues of interest. Theories serve to organize and simply information and to guide our perceptions through the process of investigation. Within the domain of law and society, theories help to identify the roots of social conditions, define common goals, and to aid in the understanding of how the law impacts specific social groups and vice versa. Often minority groups develop theories that aim to explain their social condition and which propose methods of law reform targeted at improving their condition. Historically these groups have been isolated, oppressed and discriminated against in both the social and legal spheres. Over time the walls of isolation break down allowing individuals to join others and form sub-cultures and communities. It is with the development of such communities that minority groups begin their uphill battles against oppression and discrimination. The most well known theories originating in this manner are Feminist Theory and Critical Race Theory."
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Identity Crisis and Finding Identity in "Stand By Me", 2008.
An analysis of the theme of identity in Rob Reiner's film "Stand By Me".
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issue of identity exploration and identity commitment in the movie entitled "Stand By Me" (1986), directed by Rob Reiner. "Stand By Me" is an adventure-drama movie based on the novella "The Body" by Stephen King. The film presents the journey of four 12-year-old boys who cross the woodlands near their home to see the dead body of a boy their own age. In order to fully comprehend the characters and their dilemmas, the paper closely examines their conversations and the items that they bring on the journey . The paper concludes that the film illustrates how choosing an identity to conform to is not an easy task, for it consists of contrasting personal, cultural and social identities.
From the Paper
"First and foremost is Gordie Lachance. Gordie is a book smart child; he likes to read, write and tell stories. He lost his older brother Denny to a jeep accident four months earlier before embarking on the journey. After his older brother's death, he felt like an 'invisible child' in his family as both of his parents tend to ignore him as they had a hard time to cope with the loss of their elder son. Gordie is never his father's favorite son as his father is only interested in Denny and Denny's next football game. In addition to this, Gordie's father questions him on his choice of friends, referring to all of them as 'thieves'. Gordie also has a nightmare that portrays his elder brother's funeral and he hears his father say, "It should've been you." All this shows that Gordie has a bad relationship with his father."
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Identical and Non-identical Twins, 2008.
This paper looks at two common types of twins and one rare type.
704 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the two most common types of twins; identical and non-identical twins, also known as monozygotic and dizygotic twins. The paper looks at the differences between identical and non-identical twins. The paper then talks about a third type of twins; half-identical or polar body twins.
Outline:
What Are Twins
Types of Twins
Identical Twins
Comparing Non-Identical Twins with Identical Twins
A Third Type of Twinning
From the Paper
"In a normal pregnancy, a single baby develops in the uterus of the mother. In very special circumstances, two and sometimes even more babies develop simultaneously in the mother's uterus. This is called a multiple pregnancy. Twins are two babies in a multiple pregnancy. Twins are considered very special and present a fascination for science and society. In the fields of psychology and sociology, there is a special subfield called "twin studies". Twins studies are especially important in the search for answers to the nature vs. nurture question. What is the most important factor in human development: genetics (nature) or environment (nurture)?"
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The Nature of Identity, 2002.
A discussion on identity - how it is formed and judged, with a focus on racial identity, gender identity and class identity.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how a sense of identity is developed and how this identity is then judged by the individual to create their level of self-esteem. The paper examines the three aspects of race, class and gender, with a focus on how this impacts self-esteem and how it creates an individual's identity.
From the Paper
"Identity is a characteristic that defines a person and impacts everything they do, from the relationships they form, to the work they do and everything in between. Identity is the one characteristic of an individual that remains with them at all times, whether they are alone, socializing, working or with their families. Identity is a constant companion of an individual and determines how they see themselves and how they feel about themselves. This first part is self-image, the second part is self-esteem which is defined as one of the key components of an individuals personality (Seamon & Kenrick 398)."
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Identity Theft, 2006.
This paper examines the topic of identity fraud and identity theft, which is currently the fastest growing crime in America.
2,615 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper defines identity theft as a crime that is committed in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses the personal information of someone else. This paper explores this particular problem and its impact on society. This paper details the various methods of identity theft. The reports of incidence most frequently involve the withdrawal of money from a personal bank or financial account, while the worst cases involve completely pilfered identities, with vast debts accumulated and crimes committed in the victim's name. This paper delves into published reports which claim that identity fraud is the fastest growing crime in the U.S., with over 9.9 million victims reported. The writer discusses the flaws in technology that enable computer hackers to obtain one's personal information as well as the available strategies to thwart this growing problem. This paper details the workings behind mandatory internet service provider coverage, which is among the most feasible solutions to the problem of identity fraud. This paper also examines various cases involving identity theft and fraud, including that of ChoicePoint, who recently announced that the personal information of 145,000 members had been stolen by thieves.
From the Paper
"The use of privacy software by the ISPs would establish an early wall of protection and an immediate source of blame; for example, in the case of the Lowe's security breach, while hackers were at fault for committing the actions, the wireless networking system that made the whole so gaping a twenty year old in a Grand Prix could step through it suggests a critical lack of responsibility on behalf of the service provider as reflected in their software. The May 10 Hearings on Identity Theft and Data Broker Services, as documented by the Sensenbrenner Advocates Watchdog for Judiciary lobby group would suggest that the Federal Government agrees. Testimonies included Kurt Sanford, President and C.E.O at LexisNexis, Douclas Curling, President and CEO at ChoicePoint, Jennifer Barret, the Chief Privacy Officer at Axcom, and Mark Rotenberg, President and executive Director at Electronic Privacy Information Center, among others."
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Jewish Identity, 2007.
An overview of Jewish identity that shows how Jewish identity has changed over the years and identifies the forces responsible for this.
1,244 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the general concept of identity and then examines Jewish identity in particular. The paper relates that Jews had always regarded themselves as God's "chosen people" while the negative Jewish identity of a "treacherous," "vile" and "wrong headed" people was created during the rise of Christianity. The paper looks at Jewish identity in the Middle Ages and notes the better treatment under Muslims than under the Christians. The paper discusses Jewish identity in modern times and identifies enlightenment, anti-Semitism and Zionism as the most influential forces on modern Jewish identity.
Outline:
The Concept of Identity
Jewish Identity: An Overview
From the Paper
"The question of Jewish identity, or the way in which Jews perceive themselves and how others view them, has not been easy to answer for most parts of Jewish history. This is mainly because Jews are not easily categorized. They are not a race as they do not share a common ancestry and people of different races have become Jews over the years. They are neither a nationality, having been dispersed throughout the world for over two thousand years. Even as a religion, Judaism is not a pure religious faith like Christianity or Islam, since it has an ethnic dimension and it does not easily assimilate outsiders."
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American Identity and Colonialism, 2002.
This paper traces the evolution of America's identity using elements of the musical 1776. It concentrates on the Founding Fathers and their drive for freedom and the large role that an American identity played in independence.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper uses extensive information about colonial America and discusses the issue of an American identity. Analysis of the film 1776 and Thomas Paine?s Common Sense is used to demonstrate the strength of this identity. The thesis is as follows: As the film 1776 clearly demonstrates, during the American Revolution an American identity was stronger than it had ever been.
From the paper:
"Early American colonies were viewed as very individual and indeed in many instances had much closer ties to England than they did with each other. However, ties with England began to fray due to the poor of the colonies by England. Early examples of this were the Navigation Acts of 1660, which regulated commerce and ensured that ?everything went through England.? From this time, an American identity began to form. As tensions between England and the colonies grew stronger other factors arose to further the development of an American identity. ?Choice? in shopping and material possessions and the ?standardization of consumer behavior? (similar goods being available throughout the colonies ) enhanced unity throughout America. As the film 1776 clearly demonstrates, during the American Revolution an American identity was stronger than it had ever been."
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Identity in Complex Societies, 2003.
A look at how individuals develop gender identity as well as how this identity is formed with reference to models such as those of Freud and Erikson.
1,707 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how formation and sustainment of identity in society is dependant on the theory of the sociologist. It shows how there is a general agreement that it develops from an individual?s childhood and also depends on how influential parents and peers are especially throughout adolescence. It discusses how the development of gender can be seen as starting out as biological with parents treating the child as the sex their hormones and chromosomes have determined and how the environment and culture could change this. It looks at how this can lead to the emergence of transsexuals in society who think their ?true? gender is not their biological one.
From the Paper
"Other factors such as nationality also lead to an individual?s identity. Jean Phinney (1989) carried out a study on ethnic minority groups in the United States. She found that ethnic identity develops during adolescence starting with a lack of concern of their nationality followed by curiosity in their group?s history and customs which leads to a sense of belonging to their group and a development of distinct ethnic self-concept. Phinney found that this differed on the individual and it is also possible that others in society influence this. For example if the mainstream group in which the minority lives amongst in society celebrates certain customs the minority group may also take part in these possibly due to degrees of commerciality in contemporary society."
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The Identity of the Colonists in the Early 18th Century?, 1999.
A look at how the forming of a truly American identity was a gradual process, and how this identity was apparent as being separate from the English identity during the period approaching the American revolution.
896 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
"The first English colonists knew nothing but the English society and its fundamentals, but by the eighteenth century the colonists had developed their own, truly unique American identity. The inherent differences between England and North America played a part in this eventual separation. But nearing the close of the eighteenth century, the grievances of not only the radicals and the common people, but of the American equivalent of the aristocracy against the English were apparent. The forming of a truly American identity was a gradual process, but this identity was apparent as being separate from the English identity approaching the revolution.
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Identity and Sexuality, 2006.
This paper examines how sexual identity helps to define one's identity regardless of sexual orientation.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper explores how one's sexual identity begins to develop at an early age but may differ greatly depending on gender and culture. This paper also explores the role the social environment plays in the development of a sexual identity. This paper also discusses the term sexual orientation which presumes a person aligns themselves with certain categorical labels such as heterosexual, homosexual or lesbian.
From the Paper
"Sexual identity varies so greatly from person to person and depends on so many factors and circumstances. Some people may not know their sexual identity for man years, largely due to social pressures and fears. It is important for people to understand that sexual identity does not have to remain aligned to any sexual preference for all their lives."
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European Identity, 2004.
An analysis of the problems facing the European Union regarding a national identity.
2,163 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the difficulty of the establishment of a European identity, questioning whether any European identity can be formed at all. The paper explains that the present union consists of a large number of member states and all these states have existed for a long time and have distinct national identities. The paper examines the basic question of whether a European demos and identity can be formed and how that will compete with the existing national identities. The paper also questions whether a "new" European identity will change the national identities and if so, how much of a change is really required. The paper presents the belief that the nature of identity for Europe cannot be the same as a national identity, as the nations have been formed through struggle for recognition for a particular culture, history, language and identity.
Outline
Introduction
Policy Making & Agenda Setting
Enlargement
A European Constitution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The formation of nations can be started from the top of society by the elites, or through different types of social movements or other organized action. In all cases the start of a separate nation involves recognition for a particular national community in the world around the community. This recognition is received by the people who are a part of the group, or are made a part of the group. For Europe to be viewed as a nation, there has to be recognition of some unique features of being a European, and that has to be of history, culture and language. This has to be recognized by the Europeans. The search for cultural unity has to be combined with a search for the unique and separate features of Europe so that the Europeans can distinguish themselves from non-Europeans. This makes it unlikely that there will be a European identity similar to that of a nation. Instead one has to look for a European identity that can exist above the national identity."
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Sociology, Psychology and Identity, 2006.
Examines the social and psychological concept of identity.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Sociology refers to the scientific study of society, while psychology refers to the study of individuals. However, psychology can be aptly described as the study of the mind. Conventionally, "identity" was a personal quality. Erik Erikson, personality psychologist, discovered the term 'identity crisis' in the framework of personal human development when he talked about the ontological suspicions facing the adolescent self. This term, however, got shifted to sociology by taking into account the personal characteristics of groups. This paper explores the concept of identity with regard to youth, human behavior and work place behaviors.
Paper Outline:
Social and Psychological Concept of Identity
Identity in Relation to Youth
Identity in Relation to Human Behavior
Identity in Relation to Human Behavior in the World of Work
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Every adolescent tries to find his identity. Adolescence is a psychological phase as well as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Three theorists focus on the identity of youth. Erikson, through the ego-psychological theory, deals with youth as a stage of identity crisis. Marcia relates identity with the obligations of later adolescence: work, occupation, political orientation and he differentiate diverse kinds of types or typologies of adolescents. Erich Fromm concentrates on the socialization of an individual from the viewpoint of his or her struggle for independence; according to him, each individual tries to generate his own identity."
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