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Components of Qualitative Research, 2005.
Provides the definition and examination of qualitative research design, approaches, classifications, methods, strategies, techniques for collecting and analyzing data and criteria for judging the research study.
2,980 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 27 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
Qualitative research often implies multiple methodologies. In qualitative research the emphasis is more on veritable generalization of confidently established causal relationships from an examined group to a wider population. This paper defines and examines qualitative research design and other issues regarding research study.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Definition
Classification of Qualitative Research
Methods of Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research Strategies, Processes and Approaches
Techniques for Collecting and Analyzing Data
Criteria for Judging Qualitative Research
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Historically originating in the field of cultural anthropology (Vidich and Lyman, 1994), ethnographic approaches to social research have been applied in numerous fields: social and cultural anthropology, sociology, human geography, organization studies, educational research, and cultural studies. Ethnography and participant observation can be understood as the description of some group's culture from the group's perspective. One can identify different levels of involvement in participant observation: (1) complete observer; (2) observer as participant; (3) participant as observer; and (4) complete participant (Atkinson and Hammersly, 1994, p. 248)."
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Qualitative Interviewing, 2004.
A survey of issues surrounding qualitative interviewing as a method in policy evaluation.
1,856 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper describes qualitative interviewing as a research method. The paper presents major issues raised by various authors, researchers and practitioners on the use of qualitative interviewing as a method in policy evaluation. The paper examines whether qualitative interviewing is ideal for policy evaluation.
Outline
Overview
The Qualitative Interview Method
Scientific Inquiry and Qualitative Interviewing
Validity and Reliability in Qualitative Interviewing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On account of the above, features of qualitative interviews differ from the survey interviews usually used in quantitative research. A qualitative interview is a one-on-one conversation between the researcher and the interviewee about a specific topic (Rubin and Rubin, p. 4). Unlike surveys, the questions in a qualitative interview are not standardized, even if a researcher conducts multiple interviews on the same topic. The qualitative interviewer uses open-ended, unstructured or semi-structured questions to elicit in-depth, detailed information from the interviewee. The interviewer has the flexibility to pursue unanticipated lines of inquiry."
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Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research, 2004.
A comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative research designs.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the quantitative and qualitative designs should be adopted based on the design's appropriateness to the problem of the study. The paper explains how the dichotomy and differences between the qualitative and quantitative research designs led to the emergence of specific perceptions about each design. The paper contends that quantitative research is considered more scientific than qualitative, while the latter is considered more in-depth in acquiring information than the former. The paper states that while they differ in methodology and analysis, quantitative and qualitative research designs actually present two facets of a social phenomenon or action.
From the Paper
"In the conduct of sociological research, the qualitative and quantitative research designs remain the predominant structures in which scientific studies on social phenomena are discovered, analyzed, and interpreted. However, the emergence of quantitative research design prior to the development of the qualitative design created a dichotomy in the field of social science research, wherein preferences for each research design emerged. This dichotomy had been the central focus of discussions and debates about social science research: quantitative research is commonly associated with rigid scientific methodology and analysis, while qualitative research is considered more intrusive and less rigid in terms of data collection and analysis."
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Qualitative Research Design in Education, 2005.
An explanation of the qualitative research design for Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper is a brief description of a qualitative research proposal for use in education. The qualitative research process holds invaluable information for researchers who seek to identify trends in the literature. Qualitative research is invaluable as it helps synthesize the existing data from quantitative studies with the perceptions of those who have been directly affected by the topic of study.
From the Paper
"This implies that the exploration of data is supported by the first-hand observations of those who are affected in some manner by the topic of study, and presents a more personal and more realistic summation of why the study is justified and why change needs to be accomplished in order to aid the affected population. In the current proposed study, the qualitative research design will be a synthesis of existing literature on the topic of the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (IDEA)."
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Qualitative Research, 2005.
A brief explanation of the nature of a qualitative research report.
1,154 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on research that is deemed qualitative in design and explains how qualitative research reports are brought to fruition. The components of the qualitative research report are presented in the paper along with a brief description for each component.
From the Paper
"To assist the reader in better understanding the nature of a qualitative research report the following guideline is offered for easy report formulation and writing. Before presenting an outline describing the components of an effective qualitative research report the reader is advised to remember that the quality of a qualitative research report is deeply embedded in the notion that qualitative research report writing is an ongoing learning process and very much a social act for reader and writer (Ely, Vinz, Anzul & Downing, M. 1997). As such the qualitative research report must, at all times, be an above adequate research report that effective explains the phenomenon being researched as well as to persuade the reader as to research efficacy and results. "
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Qualitative Research Methods, 2007.
A comparison of the methods used in quantitative versus qualitative research.
1,846 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes qualitative research methods and compares it to the methods used in quantitative research. The paper specifically focuses on two articles which discuss food safety and correct handling procedures - "Food-Handlers' Beliefs and Self-Reported Practices" by D.A. Clayton, C.J. Griffith, P. Price and A.C. Peters and "Factors Impacting Food Workers' and Managers' Safe Food Preparation Practices: A Qualitative Study", by L.R. Green and C. Selman. This paper compares the methods used in each articles and discusses what makes one quantitative and one qualitative in its methods.
From the Paper
"Qualitative research has grown somewhat in the last several years, as new ideas have been tried and expanded upon (Wolcott, 1995). This is significant for many individuals that are working on research projects today, because qualitative research has become much more widely used and also much more widely respected than it was in the past. Social science areas of research have used and respected qualitative methods for some time, but it has not been that long ago that other areas of research started becoming more involved with the qualitative method as well (Denzin & Lincoln, 2000). The quantitative method is still very necessary for many of the areas of research that are seen today, as statistics are necessary, but the move toward more qualitative areas of research is significant and worth noting (Wolcott, 1995; Flyvbjerg, 2006; Denzin & Lincoln, 2000)."
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Quantitative and Qualitative Research, 2007.
A comprehensive comparison of quantitative vs. qualitative research techniques.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper examines and compares quantitative and qualitative research techniques. The researcher weighs the relative merits and demerits of each, providing interpretation of the potential applications of qualitative and quantitative research to various fields of study. The paper concludes that researchers will have to decide on their approach, meaning whether they prefer to observe data in a naturalistic manner and derive theory from data, or whether they prefer to test a given hypothesis, to assume a qualitative or quantitative position.
From the Paper
"It is vital when noting the legitimacy of qualitative data that one explore the potential problems associated with the validity of quantitative data. Neither qualitative nor quantitative techniques are free from issues regarding reliability and credibility. It is important that researchers acknowledge the potential for variances even when using experimental methods. At best to provide support for qualitative research, researchers should consider using multiple methods approaches, often referred to as "triangulation" or mixed method approaches, to help confirm the reliability and validity of the research data collected (Benz & Newman, 1998)."
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Qualitative Research Article, 2008.
Analyzes the qualitative research article, "Women's Voices Reflecting Changed Expectations for Pregnancy after Perinatal Loss" by D. Cote-Arsenault and D. Morrison-Beedy.
1,495 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that qualitative research involves the use of qualitative data, such as interviews, documents and participant observation data, to understand and explain social phenomena. The paper then describes the qualitative research process reported in D. Cote-Arsenault and D. Morrison-Beedy's 2001 article "Women's Voices Reflecting Changed Expectations for Pregnancy after Perinatal Loss" in the "Journal of Nursing Scholarship". The paper states that the data found in this study is consistent with previous studies conducted in Europe, which indicated that pregnancy losses of all types have a harmful effect on women's health. The author faults the study in that its sample was only Caucasian women and no men.
Table of Contents:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Questions
Study Design
Subjects and Setting
Data Collection Methods
Data Analysis Procedures
Strengths and Limitations
From the Paper
"In analyzing the data that was collected, an exhaustive description was used. The data analysis started during collection and continued throughout the study using the same steps outlined by Colaizzi (1978). The transcripts of each session were taken and analyzed then combined together to form one data set. It was then reviewed by 11 of the participants and then returned with comments. All relevant new data were incorporated into the final description of the phenomenon. This collection and analysis was an appropriate procedure for qualitative research."
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Qualitative Nursing Research Methodology, 2005.
A qualitative nursing study of isolation from "being alive", a look at morning-sickness in pregnancy.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 1 source, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper is a review of qualitative nursing research methodology through the analysis of a qualitative nursing study. The paper reviews and critically analyzes statement of interest, purpose of study, research question, design, sample and setting, data collection and methodology, a brief comment on human rights, data analysis, findings, discussion, implication and conclusion and then a statement on the overall quality of the study and implications evident for the field of nursing.
From the Paper
"The field of nursing is a caring profession - caring for the body and caring the for patient's emotional state. Nurses are on the front line and the one to respond to patients in need, whether by phone in a doctor's office or in answer to a call button in the hospital. Nursing research holds the solutions for what a nurse does or how they can be of help. Staying abreast of relevant, reliable and valid research is essential to the nursing profession; however, equally important is the ability to discern good research from bad. This paper presents an analysis of the qualitative nursing study: Isolation from 'Being Alive': Coping with severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy following the guidelines presented in class. Morning sickness is common during pregnancy."
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Qualitative Decision-Making, 2008.
An examination of qualitative decision-making at Eclipse Technologies Limited.
2,148 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that many companies have now embraced a decision-making process that is not solely dependent on financial statistics, but will add more to the company than profits. The paper further explains that, although, quantitative factors will continue to be important, more companies are engaging in analyses that focus on human resources, economic factors that affect demand and supply, and quality measures. The paper then looks at how this approach applies to Eclipse Technologies.
Outline:
Incremental Cost Analysis
Non-Financial Factors for Eclipse Technologies
The Role of Technology at Eclipse Technologies Limited: A Qualitative Assessment
Demand and Supply Characteristics: Understanding the Market/Consumer Structure
Human Resource Model for Eclipse Technologies Limited
Why Focus on the Strategic Development of Employee Loyalty?
Total Quality Management
Conclusion: Qualitative Versus Quantitative Factors
From the Paper
"Technological advancements have allowed communication and information technology to cost less and be more efficient to market and produce goods. As such Eclipse Technologies should consider efficiencies related to technology, that are not related to the financial aspects, that is, there has to be an evaluation related to the supposed benefits of technology and how they impact operations based on the choices to expand the Nass operations or to establish a new operation in Lisbon."
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Qualitative Research and the World Health Organization, 2007.
This paper looks at the qualitative research methods used by the World Heath Organization.
823 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the World Health Organization makes use of qualitative as well as quantitative research to address problems such as malaria containment and the health and psychological consequences of the tsunami in East Asia. The paper points out the different approaches to conducting qualitative research that were employed in the malaria and tsunami studies.
From the Paper
"Interviewers are trained "to assess the specific control interventions planned" for different countries in the area of malaria containment ("Training workshop on Methods for Evaluation of Pilot Intervention Studies of the Malaria Control for Ethnic Minorities in the Greater Mekong Subregion Project," 2006, WHO). Persons in the field are also trained so WHO can deploy both "qualitative and quantitative methods" and a drive to recruit local interviewers is crucial because currently access to such anecdotal data is limited, "especially in qualitative methods"."
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Qualitative vs. Quantitative Approaches to Theory, 2007.
An analysis of D. Center and D, Kemp's work, "Troubled Children Grown Up: Antisocial Behavior in Young Adult Criminals" as it relates to qualitative vs. quantitative approaches to theory in criminology.
2,877 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This study involves an in-depth analysis of qualitative vs. quantitative approaches to theory in criminology. Specifically, the paper weighs the relative merits of qualitative vs. quantitative approaches to research design in criminology. The author assumes that a quantitative approach is more likely to yield useful results in the field and that researchers should focus their attention on quantitative based research practices. To carry out this goal the paper provides an in-depth analysis of Center & Kemp's work, "Troubled Children Grown Up: Antisocial Behavior in Young Adult Criminals."
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis
Background/Rationale
Literature Review
Methodology
Statistical Analysis
Data Collection
Conclusions/Discussion
Recommendation
From the Paper
"Center & Kemp use two-way ANOVA to evaluate the results of their research related to antisocial behavior in young adults. The data collect includes principal analysis employing fixed categorical variables defined as "official conviction offense and self-reported antisocial behavior on the NYS." The results of the study yielded a significant effect. The researchers compared the parolee sample with norms established for the survey instruments collected, using multiple t-tests to control for Type I errors. Significant differences were identified between the parolee group with norms, suggesting that personality traits and biological factors may impact young adults ability to integrate and demonstrate antisocial behaviors at a later date."
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Qualitative Research Methodologies, 2002.
This paper discusses qualitative research methodologies and analyzes their uses in a specific research project.
594 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the four basic approaches of qualitative research: Ethnographic Studies, Phenomenology, Field Research and Grounded Theory. The paper identifies three approaches, Phenomenology, Field Research and Grounded Theory, that were used to guide the collection of data necessary to identify the factors that make a home visit more effective in helping the patient cope with cancer. The paper describes the qualitative semi-structure interviews used in gathering the data and the analytic methods that include open, axial and selective coding.
From the Paper
"In the analysis process, the main strategy employed is the coding method. Open coding was used to identify the concepts of the phenomenon, which were then grouped into categories. More specific open coding is evident in the content of the semi-structured interviews, such as the benefits of home visits, confidentiality issues, issues to be taken up during home visits and ?patients? reasons for participating in this type of home intervention.? "
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Qualitative and Quantitative Research, 2007.
This paper examines the differences between qualitative and quantitative research and their respective purposes.
1,710 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how there are varying ideas regarding the definitions of qualitative and quantitative research and their applications in research. The paper explains that qualitative research methods are those generally placed under the heading of ethnography, while quantitative research falls under the category of empirical or statistical studies. The paper discusses how when deciding what is the best method of research, the researcher must first determine which method best suits his or her research. The paper concludes that both methods are necessary in research and the interpretation of data in order to ensure that all aspects have been researched properly.
From the Paper
"Researchers have reported qualitative and quantitative research have philosophical roots in the naturalistic and the positivistic philosophies, respectively. Practically all qualitative researchers, regardless of their theoretical differences, reflect some sort of individual phenomenological point of view. Most quantitative research approaches, despite the consequences of their theoretical differences, tend to highlight that there is a common reality on which people can concur. The dispute between qualitative and quantitative researchers is based upon the differences in assumptions about what reality is and whether or not it is measurable. The debate further rests on differences of opinion about how one can best identify with what we "know," whether through objective or subjective methods."
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Qualitative Research, 2007.
This paper explores methods of qualitative research.
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that qualitative research offers the possibility of formulating certain assumptions that can be validated through quantitative research. The paper examines focus group research, in-depth interviewing, participant observation and triangulation. The paper explains why qualitative research has several advantages over the quantitative method of research.
From the Paper
"One of the most important qualitative information sources is the focus group research method. The focus group interview was used for the first time in the 1930s by Paul Lazarsfeld and Robert Merton, who used it in World War II. The focus group represents a free discussion between an independent moderator and a small group of people (6 - 10 people), invited for this purpose. The discussion, which is focused on a well determined issue, may last between two and five hours and is recorded both audio and video, in order to identify the speaker and also to observe people's different reactions when certain opinions are being expressed. The interviewed people must have a series of common demographic traits (age, gender, occupation), as well as a high degree of homogeneity related to the discussion's main issue."
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